CN112113269A - Comprehensive indoor temperature calculation method based on building user classification - Google Patents
Comprehensive indoor temperature calculation method based on building user classification Download PDFInfo
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- CN112113269A CN112113269A CN202010911258.2A CN202010911258A CN112113269A CN 112113269 A CN112113269 A CN 112113269A CN 202010911258 A CN202010911258 A CN 202010911258A CN 112113269 A CN112113269 A CN 112113269A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/04—Sensors
- F24D2220/042—Temperature sensors
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Abstract
The invention provides a comprehensive indoor temperature calculation method based on building user classification, which aims to overcome the defects of random installation of typical room temperature monitoring points of the existing building and an average value calculation method, and mainly comprises the following steps: determining the type of a target building, classifying users at different positions of the building, then installing room temperature monitoring points at typical positions of various types, determining the weight of each typical point, and finally calculating the comprehensive indoor temperature capable of reflecting the heat supply effect of the building. Thereby guiding the heat supply system to operate in an energy-saving manner and realizing real heat supply according to needs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat supply and energy conservation, and particularly relates to a comprehensive indoor temperature calculation method based on building user classification.
Background
The heating system can improve the utilization efficiency of energy, reduce the heating energy consumption and relieve the air pollution in the heating season of the heating city only by realizing heating according to the needs. The only standard for judging whether the system supplies heat according to the requirement is whether the indoor temperature reaches the standard, and the system can be called as real heat supply according to the requirement only if the indoor temperature reaches the target value. However, it is impossible to install room temperature monitoring equipment for each household, and therefore, a heating enterprise often installs room temperature in typical residents far away from, in and near a heat exchange station, but each building has many heat users, which are typical locations, and there is no standard and guidance data to refer to at present, so that in reality, the room temperature monitoring equipment is randomly installed, then, the average value of each typical point is obtained, the obtained value is considered as a room temperature value capable of reflecting the heating effect, obviously, the correctness of the value is limited by the installation locations, the number of the installed rooms, the calculation method and the like, and the reason why a large number of installed room temperature measurement devices are in an idle state is also provided.
Therefore, from the viewpoint of on-demand, energy-saving and fine operation of the heating system, the installation principle of a typical room temperature monitoring point of a building and a comprehensive indoor temperature calculation method need to be researched to evaluate the current operation situation of the heating system, and then a correct energy-saving regulation and control strategy is made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of random installation of typical room temperature monitoring points of the existing buildings and an average value calculation method, and provides a comprehensive indoor temperature calculation method based on building user classification, so that a heat supply system is guided to operate in an energy-saving manner, and the heat supply is really realized according to the needs.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the comprehensive indoor temperature calculation method based on the building user classification is carried out according to the following steps:
step one, determining the type of a target building, and classifying users at different positions of the building;
the building type is divided into two types, namely a basement type and a non-basement type, and users at different positions of the building are classified:
the users in the building without the basement are divided into 3 categories, the first category is top-floor households, the second category is middle households, and the third category is left-right family households and bottom-floor households.
Users in a building with a basement are divided into 4 categories, the first category is top-floor residents, the second category is middle residents, the third category is left-right-hand-side residents, and the fourth category is low-floor residents.
Secondly, mounting room temperature monitoring points at typical positions of various categories;
for buildings without basements, the first type of residents are provided with at least one room temperature monitoring point, the second type of residents are provided with at least two room temperature monitoring points, the resident on the building at one monitoring point heats, and the resident on the building at the other monitoring point does not heat; the third family is at least provided with two room temperature monitoring points, wherein the upstairs family at one monitoring point heats, the upstairs family at the other monitoring point does not heat, and at least 5 room temperature monitoring points are arranged in total.
For a building with a basement, a first type of residents are provided with at least one room temperature monitoring point, a second type of residents are provided with at least two room temperature monitoring points, the resident on the building at one monitoring point heats, and the resident on the building at the other monitoring point does not heat; the third family is at least provided with two room temperature monitoring points, wherein the upstairs family of one monitoring point heats, the upstairs family of the other monitoring point does not heat, the fourth family is at least provided with one monitoring point, and the upstairs family heats, and at least 6 room temperature monitoring points are arranged in total.
Step three, determining the weight of each typical point;
for buildings without basements, the weight of the first type room temperature monitoring point is eta, and the value is eta
N is the number of stories of the building total; the unheated weight zeta of residents on the building in the second and third room temperature monitoring points is the heating rate of residents on other floors except the residents on the bottom floor in the whole building, namely the ratio of the unheated residents on the second floor and more than the second floor to the total residents on the second floor and more than the second floor; and the heating weight of the residents on the building in the room temperature monitoring point is 1-zeta.
For buildings with basements, the weight of the first room temperature monitoring point is the proportion eta of the top-level residents, and the value is
N is the number of total floor layers of the building, the heating rate of residents on other floors, namely the ratio of the residents on the upper floors to the total residents on the upper floors, is 1-zeta, the weight of the room temperature monitoring points is lambda,
and N is the number of the total floor of the building.
Step four, calculating the comprehensive indoor temperature capable of reflecting the heat supply effect of the building;
the calculation method for calculating the comprehensive indoor temperature capable of reflecting the heat supply effect of the buildings comprises the following steps of:
wherein eta is the proportion of the top-level residents,
n is the total number of layers,
is the room temperature of the monitoring point of the first type,
the room temperature of the room temperature monitoring points where the residents on the second and third types do not heat,
the room temperature monitoring points are used for heating the residents on the second type and the third type, i is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the first type of residents, j is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the residents on the second type and the third type, and k is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the residents on the second type and the third type.
The building with the basement has the following calculation formula:
wherein eta is the proportion of the top-level residents,
n is the total number of layers,
is the fourth kind of room temperature monitoring point room temperature, and m is the fourth kind of room temperature monitoring point AAnd (5) loading the number.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the invention determines the installation positions of the typical room temperature monitoring points of buildings with or without basements, provides the minimum installation points, provides guidance for the correct installation of typical room temperature monitoring equipment of a heating power enterprise, and avoids the idle state of the room temperature monitoring points after random installation.
2. Compared with the traditional average value method, the comprehensive room temperature calculation method provided by the invention can reflect the real heat supply effect of the heat supply system, can really guide the heat exchange station to supply heat finely, and realizes the heat supply of the heat supply system according to the requirement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a room temperature classification diagram of different positions of the basement-free building according to the invention. In the figure, the first category refers to a top-level resident, the second category refers to a middle resident, and the third category refers to a left-right-hand-side resident and a bottom-level resident.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the room temperature classification of different positions of the basement building according to the invention. In the figure, the first category refers to a top-level resident, the second category refers to a middle resident, the third category refers to a left-right-handle resident, and the fourth category refers to a bottom-level resident.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of the calculation results of the comprehensive room temperature method and the average room temperature method in the high and low regions by using model calculation.
For a person skilled in the art, other relevant figures can be obtained from the above figures without inventive effort.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the installation principle and the calculation method of the typical room temperature monitoring point of the building without the basement;
(1) dividing all households in the building into three categories, wherein the first category comprises top-layer households, the second category comprises middle households, and the third category comprises left-right-handle-side households and bottom-layer households;
(2) the first family is provided with at least one room temperature monitoring point, the second family is provided with at least two room temperature monitoring points, the family on one monitoring point is heated, the family on the other floor is not heated, the third family is provided with at least two room temperature monitoring points, the family on one monitoring point is heated, the family on the other floor is not heated, and at least 5 monitoring points are arranged in total;
(3) calculating the weight of the room temperature monitoring points under each category, wherein the weight of the first category of room temperature monitoring points is eta, and the value is
N is the number of the total floors of the building, the heating rate of residents on other floors, namely the ratio of the residents on more than two floors to the total residents on more than two floors, comprises two floors, and the heating weight of the residents on the upper floors in the room temperature monitoring points is 1-zeta;
(4) calculating the comprehensive indoor temperature value of the building:
in the formula
The comprehensive indoor temperature value of the building is obtained, eta is the proportion of the top-level residents,
n is the total number of layers,
is the room temperature of the monitoring point of the first type,
the room temperature of the room temperature monitoring points where the residents on the second and third types do not heat,
the room temperature monitoring points are used for heating the residents on the second type and the third type, i is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the first type of residents, j is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the residents on the second type and the third type, and k is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the residents on the second type and the third type.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 2 and 3, there are installation principles and calculation methods of typical room temperature monitoring points of basement buildings:
(1) dividing the building residents into four categories, wherein the first category comprises top-level residents, the second category comprises middle residents, the third category comprises left and right handle-side residents, and the fourth category comprises bottom-level residents;
(2) the first type of residents are provided with at least one room temperature monitoring point, the second type of residents are provided with at least two room temperature monitoring points, the upstairs residents with one monitoring point have heating, and the upstairs residents with the other monitoring point have no heating; the third family is at least provided with two room temperature monitoring points, one monitoring point is used for heating upstairs, and the other upstairs is not used for heating; the fourth family is provided with at least one room temperature monitoring point, and the family on the building is heated, and at least 6 room temperature monitoring points are provided in total;
(3) calculating the weight of the room temperature monitoring points in each category, wherein the weight of the first category of room temperature monitoring points is the top-level resident ratio eta, and the value is
N is the number of the total floors of the building, the heating rate of residents on the floors, namely the ratio of the residents on the floors to the total residents on the floors, is 1-zeta, the weight of the residents on the floors is lambda,
and N is the number of the total floor of the building.
(4) The comprehensive indoor temperature calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula
The comprehensive indoor temperature value of the building is obtained, eta is the proportion of the top-level residents,
n is the total number of layers;
is the room temperature of the monitoring point of the first type,
the room temperature of the room temperature monitoring points where the residents on the second and third types do not heat,
room temperature monitoring points for heating of residents on the second and third types, i is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the first type of residents, j is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the second and third types of residents without heating, k is the installation number lambda of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the second and third types of residents with heating, is the occupation ratio of the bottom layer of residents,
n is the total number of layers;
the temperature is the room temperature of a fourth type room temperature monitoring point, and m is the installation number of the fourth type room temperature monitoring points.
Example 3:
a certain heat exchange station serves a residential building, has higher floors, and is divided into a high area and a low area for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system, wherein the floors on 13 floors and above are the high area, and the lower area is the low area without a basement. Indoor temperature measurement points are randomly installed in each zone. The high-region temperature measuring point communication signal is not good, so that the efficiency of room temperature point collection is not high, 6 room temperature monitoring points are normally on line in total, and 27 points are normally on line in the low region.
The temperature of the supplied water and the returned water in the high and low regions in 12 months is basically equal, and according to experience, the heating effects of the high and low regions are considered to be basically equal, namely the difference of the comprehensive room temperature is not large. Typical average room temperatures for each of the 12-month, 18-day-20-day zones are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 typical Room temperature Point for each zone
According to example 1, high and low regions
See table added values;
see table for none. The first category does not have a typical room temperature point installed, ζ ═ 0.5. The calculation results of the high and low regions by adopting a model calculation comprehensive room temperature method and an average room temperature method are shown in the following figure 4.
The figure shows that the difference of average room temperature in high and low regions is large by the average value method, and the high region
Curve and low region
The curve spacing is large, the average difference is 1.82 ℃, the maximum difference is 2.49 ℃, the minimum value is 0.79 ℃, and the staff adjusts according to the average room temperature, so that the temperature of a high-temperature compartment inevitably exceeds the standard, the energy consumption is increased, and the heat is wasted. The average room temperature difference of high and low areas obtained by a model method is larger, and the average room temperature difference of the high area and the low area is larger
Curve and low region
The curves were spaced apart less with an average of 0.28 ℃ and a maximum of 0.86 ℃ and a minimum of 0.05 ℃. From the analysis, compare traditional mean value method, adopt the comprehensive indoor temperature computational model in this application can be fine compare out high low district heating effect, coincide with actual heating parameter.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the whole embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be covered by the present patent.
Claims (5)
1. The comprehensive indoor temperature calculation method based on the building user classification is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, determining the type of a target building, and classifying users at different positions of the building;
secondly, mounting room temperature monitoring points at typical positions of various categories;
step three, determining the weight of each typical point;
and step four, calculating the comprehensive indoor temperature capable of reflecting the heat supply effect of the building.
2. The integrated indoor temperature calculation method based on building user classification as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
in the first step, the type of a target building is determined, and users at different positions of the building are classified:
the building type is divided into two types, namely a basement type and a non-basement type, and users at different positions of the building are classified:
dividing users in the building without the basement into 3 categories, wherein the first category is a top-floor resident, the second category is a middle resident, and the third category is a left-right side resident and a bottom-floor resident;
users in a building with a basement are divided into 4 categories, the first category is top-floor residents, the second category is middle residents, the third category is left-right-hand-side residents, and the fourth category is low-floor residents.
3. The integrated indoor temperature calculation method based on building user classification as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
in step two, room temperature monitoring points are installed at typical positions of various categories:
for buildings without basements, the first type of residents are provided with at least one room temperature monitoring point, the second type of residents are provided with at least two room temperature monitoring points, the resident on the building at one monitoring point heats, and the resident on the building at the other monitoring point does not heat; the third family is at least provided with two room temperature monitoring points, wherein the upstairs family at one monitoring point heats, the upstairs family at the other monitoring point does not heat, and at least 5 room temperature monitoring points are arranged in total;
for a building with a basement, a first type of residents are provided with at least one room temperature monitoring point, a second type of residents are provided with at least two room temperature monitoring points, the resident on the building at one monitoring point heats, and the resident on the building at the other monitoring point does not heat; the third family is at least provided with two room temperature monitoring points, wherein the upstairs family of one monitoring point heats, the upstairs family of the other monitoring point does not heat, the fourth family is at least provided with one monitoring point, and the upstairs family heats, and at least 6 room temperature monitoring points are arranged in total.
4. The integrated indoor temperature calculation method based on building user classification as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
in step three, the weight of each representative point is determined:
for buildings without basements, the weight of the first type room temperature monitoring point is eta, and the value is eta
N is the number of stories of the building total; the unheated weight zeta of residents on the building in the second and third room temperature monitoring points is the heating rate of residents on other floors except the residents on the bottom floor in the whole building, namely the ratio of the unheated residents on the second floor and more than the second floor to the total residents on the second floor and more than the second floor; heating weight of residents on the middle and upper floors at the room temperature monitoring point is 1-zeta;
for buildings with basements, the firstOne type of room temperature monitoring point is weighted as the top-level resident ratio eta, and the value is
N is the number of total floor layers of the building, the heating rate of residents on other floors, namely the ratio of the residents on the upper floors to the total residents on the upper floors, is 1-zeta, the weight of the room temperature monitoring points is lambda,
and N is the number of the total floor of the building.
5. The integrated indoor temperature calculation method based on building user classification as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
in the fourth step, the comprehensive indoor temperature which can reflect the heat supply effect of the building is calculated:
the calculation method for calculating the comprehensive indoor temperature capable of reflecting the heat supply effect of the buildings comprises the following steps of:
wherein eta is the proportion of the top-level residents,
n is the total number of layers,
is the room temperature of the monitoring point of the first type,
the room temperature of the room temperature monitoring points where the residents on the second and third types do not heat,
room temperature monitoring points for heating of residents on the second and third types, i is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the first type of residents, j is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the second and third types of residents without heating, and k is the number of the room temperature monitoring points installed on the second and third types of residents with heating;
the building with the basement has the following calculation formula:
wherein eta is the proportion of the top-level residents,
n is the total number of layers,
the temperature is the room temperature of a fourth type room temperature monitoring point, and m is the installation number of the fourth type room temperature monitoring points.
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