CN112112976A - Novel tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing sealing performance - Google Patents
Novel tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing sealing performance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112112976A CN112112976A CN202010732953.2A CN202010732953A CN112112976A CN 112112976 A CN112112976 A CN 112112976A CN 202010732953 A CN202010732953 A CN 202010732953A CN 112112976 A CN112112976 A CN 112112976A
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- spiral
- tooth
- teeth
- spiral groove
- sealing structure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/50—Sealings between relatively-movable members, by means of a sealing without relatively-moving surfaces, e.g. fluid-tight sealings for transmitting motion through a wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/44—Free-space packings
- F16J15/447—Labyrinth packings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing sealing performance, which comprises spiral teeth (2) arranged on the surface of a rotor part (1) of a rotary machine and having the same rotation direction and rotation speed direction, or spiral teeth (2) arranged on the inner surface of a stator part (7) of the rotary machine and having the rotation direction opposite to the rotation speed direction, or spiral teeth (2) arranged on the surface of the rotor part (1) of the rotary machine and the inner surface of the stator part (7) of the rotary machine; the tooth tops of the spiral teeth (2) are provided with a texture structure (5), a baffle (6) is arranged in the spiral groove (3) between every two adjacent spiral teeth (2), and the baffle (6) inclines to the upstream of the spiral groove (3) by a set angle. The novel tooth sealing structure provided by the invention can obviously reduce the sealing leakage amount and improve the operating efficiency of the rotary machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rotary machinery, and particularly relates to a novel tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing sealing performance, which is applied to a gap between a rotor part and a stator part of rotary machinery such as a pump, a compressor, a turbine and the like.
Background
Turbomachinery is a key device in the process of heat-power conversion, and plays a vital role in many important fields such as thermal power generation, aerospace and the like. In recent years, industrial production and scientific technology have been developed rapidly, and the requirements on parameters such as power, efficiency and service life of rotating machinery are higher and higher. The sealing device is arranged at the clearance between the rotor part and the static part of the rotary machine to reduce the leakage flow at the clearance, and the method is the most effective mode for improving parameters such as power, efficiency and the like of the rotary machine. Therefore, the development of advanced sealing technology has great engineering significance for improving the efficiency of the rotary machine and saving energy consumption.
The sealing device is usually installed at the clearance between the rotor part and the stator part of the rotary machine such as the shaft end and the blade tip clearance, so that the leakage flow of the working medium from the high-pressure end to the low-pressure end at the clearance is limited, and the leakage loss is reduced. The existing sealing devices mainly comprise: labyrinth seals, spiral seals, etc. The labyrinth seal device is generally provided with annular seal teeth on the surface of a rotor part or the surface of a stator part of a rotary machine, and has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in installation and the like. When the leakage fluid passes through the sealing teeth, the flow area is constantly changed, the leakage fluid is subjected to multiple throttling expansion and kinetic energy dissipation, the kinetic energy of the leakage fluid is constantly converted into heat energy, and the purpose of controlling the leakage flow is further achieved. Labyrinth seal performance is poor, and the sealing performance requirement of advanced rotary machinery cannot be met gradually.
Spiral sealing is usually arranged on the surface of a rotor component or the surface of a stator component of a rotary machine, spiral sealing teeth are arranged between the spiral sealing teeth, and when a rotor rotates, the side wall surface of each spiral sealing tooth can apply axial negative thrust to leaked fluid in each spiral groove to drive the fluid in each groove to flow towards a sealing inlet along a spiral direction, and the leakage flow of the axial positive direction caused by the pressure difference between the sealing inlet and the sealing outlet is partially offset, so that the sealing leakage flow is reduced. The spiral sealing performance mainly depends on the rotating speed of the rotor component, and under the condition of high rotating speed, a good sealing effect can be realized, however, at the low rotating speed and the start-stop stage of the unit, the sealing performance is poor. In addition, the spiral groove formed between two adjacent spiral sealing teeth of the spiral seal also extends from the sealing inlet to the sealing outlet. The spiral groove enlarges the sealing through-flow area, and further causes the reduction of the sealing performance of the spiral seal.
The development of modern industrial technology puts requirements on parameters such as higher power, efficiency and service life of rotating machinery, and the existing sealing technology cannot meet the requirements on the sealing performance of advanced rotating machinery. The development of more advanced sealing technology is very important for the development of modern industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing sealing performance aiming at higher requirements on the sealing performance of a sealing device in advanced rotary machinery. The invention is based on typical spiral sealing, adds a design structure and obtains a novel tooth sealing structure with different sealing mechanisms. The novel tooth sealing structure is characterized in that spiral teeth with a certain inclination angle with the circumferential direction are arranged on the surface of a rotor component of a rotary machine or the inner surface of a stator component, and a texture structure is arranged on the tooth tops of the spiral teeth; a spiral groove is formed between adjacent spiral teeth, the spiral groove extends from a sealing inlet to a sealing outlet in a spiral mode, and a baffle inclined towards the upstream of the spiral groove is arranged in the spiral groove.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a new tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing sealing performance comprises helical teeth arranged on the surface of a rotor part of a rotary machine, wherein the direction of rotation of the helical teeth is the same as the direction of rotation speed, or helical teeth arranged on the inner surface of a stator part of the rotary machine, wherein the direction of rotation of the helical teeth is opposite to the direction of rotation speed, or helical teeth arranged on the surface of the rotor part and the inner surface of the stator part of the rotary machine; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the tooth tops of the spiral teeth are provided with texture structures, baffles are arranged in the spiral grooves between every two adjacent spiral teeth, and the baffles are inclined to the upstream of the spiral grooves by a set angle.
The invention is further improved in that the cross-sectional shape of the helical teeth is triangular, trapezoidal or semicircular.
The invention is further improved in that the helical teeth are distributed on the surface of the rotor part or the inner surface of the stator part in any regular way.
The invention further improves that the texture structure arranged on the tooth top of the spiral tooth is any structure which can increase the surface roughness of the tooth top and is a concave hole cavity or a convex.
The invention is further improved in that the texture structure of the tooth top of the spiral tooth is distributed in the area of the tooth top in an arbitrary rule.
The invention has the further improvement that the baffle arranged in the spiral groove between two adjacent spiral teeth inclines towards the upstream of the spiral groove, and the inclination angle alpha is between 0 and 90 degrees.
The invention is further improved in that the baffle arranged in the spiral groove between two adjacent spiral teeth has any cross-sectional shape.
The invention is further improved in that the baffle in the spiral groove is of any structure which can generate set radial speed for the fluid leaked in the spiral groove, and the baffle comprises a convex triangular block and a convex prism.
The invention has the further improvement that the baffles are distributed in the spiral groove in any regular way.
The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the novel tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing the sealing performance, the spiral teeth are arranged on the surface of the rotor component and the inner surface of the stator component of the rotary machine, the texture structures are arranged on the tops of the spiral teeth, so that the surface roughness is improved, the flow resistance is increased, fluid in the texture structures forms turbulent vortex, the fluid kinetic energy is dissipated, and the sealing leakage amount is reduced. The spiral groove extends to the sealed outlet from the sealed inlet in a spiral mode, the baffle is arranged in the spiral groove to extend, the flow area is reduced, and the leakage amount is reduced. The inner baffle of the spiral groove inclines towards the upstream of the spiral groove, and the main flow in the spiral groove flows into the clearance area through the baffle and has negative axial speed, so that the main flow driven by pressure difference in the clearance area along the axial direction is blocked, and the sealing leakage rate is further reduced.
According to the novel tooth sealing structure provided by the invention, the spiral teeth with a certain inclination angle with the circumferential direction, the texture structure arranged on the tooth tops of the spiral teeth and the inclined baffle structure arranged in the spiral groove are arranged, so that the sealing performance can be obviously improved, and the operating power of a rotary machine can be improved.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a three-dimensional block diagram of a typical spiral-sealed rotor component.
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional block diagram of a stator component of a typical spiral seal.
Figure 3 is a three-dimensional block diagram of the novel tooth-sealed rotor component.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional structural view of a stator component of the novel tooth seal.
Figure 5 is a close-up view of the surface of the rotor component of the novel tooth seal.
FIG. 6 is a close-up view of the stator component surface of the novel tooth seal.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a novel tooth seal gap and a spiral groove internal flow field under a large pressure difference working condition.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a novel tooth seal gap and a spiral groove internal flow field under a small pressure difference working condition.
FIG. 9 is a flow field structure of a depressed textured structure meridian plane.
Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the basic type and three-dimensional structure of the texture structure.
Description of reference numerals:
1 is a rotor part; 2 is a helical tooth; 3 is a spiral groove; 4, the spiral direction of the spiral groove; 5 is a texture structure; 6 is a baffle plate; 7 is a stator component; 8 is the main flow direction of the gap area; 9 is the main flow direction of the spiral groove area; 10 is an inclination angle alpha; 11 is turbulent vortex.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a typical spiral seal is provided with helical teeth of opposite hand on the surface of the rotor part and the inner surface of the stator part, and a helical groove is formed between adjacent helical teeth and extends from the seal inlet to the seal outlet.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the novel tooth sealing structure provided by the invention comprises helical teeth 2 arranged on the surface of a rotor part 1 of a rotary machine and having the same rotation direction as the rotation speed direction, or helical teeth 2 arranged on the inner surface of a stator part 7 of the rotary machine and having the opposite rotation direction as the rotation speed direction, or helical teeth 2 arranged on the surface of the rotor part 1 of the rotary machine and the inner surface of the stator part 7 of the rotary machine; the tooth tops of the spiral teeth 2 are provided with a texture structure 5, a baffle 6 is arranged in the spiral groove 3 between every two adjacent spiral teeth 2, and the baffle 6 inclines to the upstream of the spiral groove 3 by a set angle. The texture structure 5 arranged on the top of the spiral tooth 2 is any structure which is a concave hole cavity or a convex structure and can increase the surface roughness of the top of the tooth.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the novel tooth sealing structure provided by the invention, the spiral direction of the spiral teeth arranged on the inner surface of the stator component is opposite to the spiral direction of the spiral teeth arranged on the surface of the rotor component, and the top of the spiral teeth is provided with a texture structure which can be convex or concave. A baffle is arranged in the spiral groove formed between the adjacent spiral teeth, and the baffle inclines towards the upstream of the spiral groove.
Two typical texture structure types are given in fig. 10. The texture structure arranged on the top of the spiral tooth can be a convex texture structure, such as a convex small edge, an irregular small block and the like, or a concave texture structure, such as a prismatic concave and a rectangular concave. The texture structure is used for increasing the surface roughness of the spiral tooth top and improving the flow resistance.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows:
referring to fig. 7, the flow area within the novel tooth seal may be divided into a clearance area and a spiral groove area. Under the working condition of large pressure difference, along the main flow direction 8 of the gap area, the main flow of the gap area is subjected to the pressure difference effect and flows from the sealing inlet to the sealing outlet. The fluid in the spiral groove area is simultaneously subjected to the pressure difference action and the pumping action of the spiral groove, and the main flow in the spiral groove also flows to the sealing outlet from the sealing inlet due to the large pressure difference. The baffle plate which is arranged in the spiral groove and inclines towards the upstream of the spiral groove cuts off a complete spiral groove which extends from the sealing inlet to the sealing outlet, the flow area is reduced, and therefore the leakage amount is reduced. The baffle 6 arranged in the spiral groove 4 between two adjacent spiral teeth 2 inclines towards the upstream of the spiral groove, and the inclination angle alpha 10 is 0-90 degrees.
Referring to fig. 8, under the working condition of small pressure difference, the main flow in the gap region flows from the sealed inlet to the sealed outlet under the action of pressure difference, along the main flow direction 9 of the spiral groove region, the fluid in the spiral groove region is small in pressure difference, the pumping action is strong, and the main flow in the spiral groove flows from the sealed outlet to the sealed inlet. Because the baffle which inclines towards the upstream of the spiral groove is arranged in the spiral groove, the main flow in the spiral groove can be lifted to the clearance area when flowing through the baffle, and the part of the main flow has a larger negative axial velocity, so that the main flow in the clearance is blocked, and the sealing leakage rate is reduced.
Referring to fig. 9, the novel tooth seal spiral tooth tip is arranged with a textured structure. When fluid flows through the texture structure of the spiral tooth top, the fluid enters the texture structure to form turbulent vortex 11, and the kinetic energy of the fluid is dissipated. And the leakage quantity of the seal is reduced. Meanwhile, the texture structure can also enhance the flow resistance in the circumferential direction of the seal, limit the circumferential flow of the fluid in the seal, reduce the circumferential unstable fluid excitation force induced by the circumferential flow of the fluid in the seal, and further improve the dynamic stability of the sealed rotor.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and such modifications should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The novel tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing the sealing performance is characterized by comprising spiral teeth (2) which are arranged on the surface of a rotor part (1) of a rotary machine and have the same rotation direction as the rotation speed direction, or spiral teeth (2) which are arranged on the inner surface of a stator part (7) of the rotary machine and have the rotation direction opposite to the rotation speed direction, or spiral teeth (2) which are arranged on the surface of the rotor part (1) of the rotary machine and the inner surface of the stator part (7) of the rotary machine; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the tooth tops of the spiral teeth (2) are provided with a texture structure (5), a baffle (6) is arranged in the spiral groove (3) between every two adjacent spiral teeth (2), and the baffle (6) inclines to the upstream of the spiral groove (3) by a set angle.
2. A novel tooth sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the helical tooth (2) is triangular, trapezoidal or semicircular.
3. A novel tooth sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the helical teeth (2) are distributed in any regular pattern on the surface of the rotor part (1) or on the inner surface of the stator part (7).
4. The novel tooth sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the texture structure (5) arranged on the tooth top of the spiral tooth (2) is any structure which can increase the surface roughness of the tooth top and is a concave hole cavity or a convex.
5. A novel tooth sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the texture structure (5) of the tooth tip of the helical tooth (2) is randomly distributed in the tooth tip area.
6. A novel tooth sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle (6) arranged in the spiral groove (4) between two adjacent spiral teeth (2) is inclined towards the upstream of the spiral groove, and the inclination angle α (10) is between 0 and 90 °.
7. A novel tooth sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle (6) arranged in the helical groove (3) between two adjacent helical teeth (2) has an arbitrary cross-sectional shape.
8. A novel tooth sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle (6) in the spiral groove (3) is any structure capable of generating set radial velocity for the leaked fluid in the spiral groove, including raised triangular blocks and prisms.
9. A novel tooth sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffles (6) are distributed in the spiral groove in an arbitrary regular pattern.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010732953.2A CN112112976A (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Novel tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing sealing performance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010732953.2A CN112112976A (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Novel tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing sealing performance |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112112976A true CN112112976A (en) | 2020-12-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010732953.2A Pending CN112112976A (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Novel tooth sealing structure capable of enhancing sealing performance |
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| CN (1) | CN112112976A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113389601A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-14 | 江苏大学 | Inclined spiral groove sealing structure with hole cavity on blade top and impeller machine |
| CN114278394A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-05 | 西安交通大学 | Turbine mechanical oil sealing structure using carbon dioxide as working medium |
| CN114439943A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-05-06 | 沈阳工业大学 | Spiral sealing structure and compressor |
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| CN2859108Y (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-01-17 | 上海大学 | Separate spiral labyrinth sealing device |
| CN202580020U (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-12-05 | 哈尔滨丰溢电力设备有限公司 | Gapless follow-up sealing oil shield |
| CN203413119U (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-01-29 | 浙江工业大学 | Sharkskin imitation streamline groove end face mechanical sealing structure |
| JP6008452B2 (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2016-10-19 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Labyrinth seal, casting apparatus, solution casting apparatus and method |
| CN106949245A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-07-14 | 西安交通大学 | It is a kind of from spin-ended convergence type rotary seal structure |
| CN206361151U (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-07-28 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of mechanical seal ring with many zigzag helicla flutes |
| CN208398104U (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-01-18 | 新疆新业能源化工有限责任公司 | Lag cooler rotary sealing appts |
| US10190431B2 (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2019-01-29 | General Electric Company | Seal assembly for rotary machine |
| CN111043317A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-21 | 西安交通大学 | Novel dynamic pressure damping seal structure |
-
2020
- 2020-07-27 CN CN202010732953.2A patent/CN112112976A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2859108Y (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-01-17 | 上海大学 | Separate spiral labyrinth sealing device |
| CN202580020U (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-12-05 | 哈尔滨丰溢电力设备有限公司 | Gapless follow-up sealing oil shield |
| CN203413119U (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-01-29 | 浙江工业大学 | Sharkskin imitation streamline groove end face mechanical sealing structure |
| JP6008452B2 (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2016-10-19 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Labyrinth seal, casting apparatus, solution casting apparatus and method |
| US10190431B2 (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2019-01-29 | General Electric Company | Seal assembly for rotary machine |
| CN206361151U (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-07-28 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of mechanical seal ring with many zigzag helicla flutes |
| CN106949245A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-07-14 | 西安交通大学 | It is a kind of from spin-ended convergence type rotary seal structure |
| CN208398104U (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-01-18 | 新疆新业能源化工有限责任公司 | Lag cooler rotary sealing appts |
| CN111043317A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-21 | 西安交通大学 | Novel dynamic pressure damping seal structure |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113389601A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-14 | 江苏大学 | Inclined spiral groove sealing structure with hole cavity on blade top and impeller machine |
| CN113389601B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-08-23 | 江苏大学 | Inclined spiral groove sealing structure with hole cavity on blade top and impeller machine |
| CN114278394A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-05 | 西安交通大学 | Turbine mechanical oil sealing structure using carbon dioxide as working medium |
| CN114439943A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-05-06 | 沈阳工业大学 | Spiral sealing structure and compressor |
| CN114439943B (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2024-05-14 | 沈阳工业大学 | Spiral seal structure and compressor |
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Application publication date: 20201222 |
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