CN112101742B - Method for evaluating secondary reliability of power distribution network considering load characteristics - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for evaluating secondary reliability of a power distribution network considering load characteristics, which comprises the following steps: sampling the secondary terminal equipment by adopting a non-sequential Monte Carlo method according to the control action of the secondary terminal equipment on a switching element of the primary system, simulating the working state of the secondary terminal equipment, and describing the influence of the secondary system on the reliability of the primary system through a primary switch actual action matrix and a final switch actual action matrix; partitioning a primary system by taking a switch as a boundary, performing simulation, and describing the influence condition of the area through an actual power supply adjacent matrix and a transfer power supply adjacent matrix; according to the time characteristics of different kinds of loads, the power shortage amount of the load is calculated, and the average power corresponding to the current month of the load is calculated. According to the method, the influence of the secondary system on the reliability of the primary system is described from the terminal state of the switch, the fault influence condition is intuitively reflected by adopting the regional reachability matrix, and the reliability of the power distribution network is more accurately estimated from the viewpoint of user requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of reliability evaluation of power distribution networks, in particular to a method for evaluating secondary reliability of a power distribution network considering load characteristics.
Background
With the high-speed development of technology, electric power has become an important power for promoting normal operation of society, and as a ring directly connected with user loads, a power distribution network has an important role in whole electric power supply, and reliability of the power distribution network is an important evaluation index for guaranteeing power supply quality.
The loads of the power system are various, and different types of loads have different electricity utilization characteristics and release processes. With further refinement of industry division, the requirements of users on power supply reliability are further improved, the power supply requirements of different types of loads at different times are different, and the influence of fault power failure on the loads is gradually differentiated, so that in reliability evaluation, the power supply sustainability of the regional power distribution system can be measured more accurately and comprehensively by considering the load characteristics, and the importance of the loads and the satisfaction degree of the users on reliable power supply are reflected.
The secondary system structure comprises a power distribution automation main station, a peer-to-peer communication network, a power distribution automation terminal and the like, wherein the terminal equipment is positioned at the junction position of the secondary system, and the secondary system mainly realizes functions of operation monitoring, fault processing and the like through the terminal equipment, so that the effect of the secondary system can be reflected through the operation state of the terminal equipment. When the power distribution network breaks down, the secondary system rapidly completes fault positioning through the secondary system terminal equipment positioned at the primary switch equipment, and controls the switch to realize fault isolation and power supply recovery, so that the influence of faults is reduced as much as possible. Therefore, when the control function of the terminal equipment fails, the adjacent terminal equipment replaces the failed terminal equipment to control the switching action, so that the system cannot realize the isolation of the minimum range of the failure, the power failure of the non-failure area is caused, and the failure influence range is enlarged.
The prior evaluation of reliability of a power distribution network is mostly focused on the exploration of a certain equipment function or the application of a certain specific scene, such as the failure of a circuit breaker control function or the failure of power regulation in a micro-grid scene, all the power is calculated based on average power, and the time sequence change process of the load (Guo Jia, han Yuji, guo Chuangxin, and the like) is not considered yet. Therefore, the power distribution network reliability evaluation method is suitable for the power consumption requirements of different loads, and the control effect of the secondary system on the primary system is considered. The method adopts a sequential Monte Carlo method for a primary system and a non-sequential Monte Carlo method for a secondary system, integrates the fault conditions of primary system elements and secondary terminal equipment, considers the load characteristics in the fault power failure time, and provides a method for evaluating the secondary reliability of a power distribution network taking the load characteristics into account.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for evaluating secondary reliability of a power distribution network considering load characteristics. According to the method, the characteristics of load types and time are considered, based on the control action of the secondary system terminal equipment on the primary system switch equipment, the fault conditions of the primary system element and the secondary terminal equipment are simulated by adopting a sequential Monte Carlo method and a non-sequential Monte Carlo method respectively, a fault influence area of the system in the fault processing process is judged by using a reachability matrix, a load reliability index is updated according to the load position and the load characteristic, and finally the reliability index of the system is obtained through statistics.
The invention is realized at least by one of the following technical schemes.
A method of secondary reliability assessment of a power distribution network accounting for load characteristics, comprising the steps of:
s1, forming a primary system switch upstream adjacent matrix and a switch downstream adjacent matrix according to primary system elements, load points and secondary terminal equipment data;
s2, carrying out minimum power distribution area partition on the primary system, and respectively forming a power supply adjacent matrix and a power transfer adjacent matrix according to the normal condition power direction and the power direction under power transfer;
s3, sampling a primary system element by adopting a sequential Monte Carlo method, determining a primary system fault element, and obtaining a first switching action matrix and a last switching action matrix which are not considered in a secondary terminal state, thereby obtaining a power supply adjacent matrix and a transfer power supply adjacent matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state, and calculating a power supply reachability matrix and a transfer power supply reachability matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state;
s4, sampling the secondary terminal equipment by adopting a non-sequential Monte Carlo method, judging whether the secondary terminal equipment fails, respectively forming a first switch terminal state matrix and a last switch terminal state matrix, determining the actual action matrixes of the first switch and the last switch, and obtaining an actual power supply adjacent matrix and a transfer power supply adjacent matrix, thereby calculating to obtain an actual power supply reachability matrix and a transfer power supply reachability matrix;
s5, comparing the power supply accessibility matrix which does not consider the state of the secondary terminal with the actual power supply accessibility matrix, and determining a fault power failure area and a false power failure area in the area affected by the fault by comparing the power supply accessibility matrix which does not consider the state of the secondary terminal with the actual power supply accessibility matrix;
s6, updating the load power failure time, the power failure times and the total power shortage amount of the area affected by the fault;
and S7, repeating the steps S3 to S6 until the total time reaches the preset simulation time, and counting to obtain the power failure time, the power failure times and the power failure quantity of each load, thereby obtaining the reliability index of the load and the reliability index of the system.
Further, the primary system element, load point, and secondary terminal device data include: and inputting the reliability parameters and the position information of the primary system element, and inputting the average power corresponding to each load point for 1-12 months according to the load characteristics of the load point, and the reliability parameters of the secondary terminal equipment and the corresponding relation with the primary system switch.
Further, the forming of the primary system switch upstream adjacency matrix and the switch downstream adjacency matrix is specifically as follows: the primary network switch elements are numbered, and a primary system switch upstream adjacent matrix and a primary system switch downstream adjacent matrix are formed according to the adjacent relation among the switches and the upstream and downstream positions.
Further, the forming the power supply adjacency matrix and transferring the power supply adjacency matrix includes:
taking switching equipment as a boundary, taking all primary elements between adjacent switches as a minimum power distribution area, partitioning and numbering a primary system, wherein a power supply and a contact switch are respectively taken as an area;
determining the power direction under normal conditions by the position of a power supply, and forming a power supply adjacent matrix according to the position of the area;
and determining the power direction under the condition of power transfer according to the position of the interconnection switch, and forming a power transfer adjacent matrix according to the position of the area.
Further, the power supply reachability matrix and the transfer power supply reachability matrix not taking into account the secondary terminal state include:
determining a primary system fault element, judging switching equipment which needs to act for isolating the fault element, and describing the switching equipment by using a first switching action matrix and a last switching action matrix which do not consider the state of a secondary terminal;
correcting the power supply adjacent matrix and the power transfer adjacent matrix by utilizing a first switching action matrix and a last switching action matrix which are not considered in the state of the secondary terminal to obtain the power supply adjacent matrix and the power transfer adjacent matrix which are not considered in the state of the secondary terminal;
and obtaining a power supply accessibility matrix and a power transfer accessibility matrix which do not account for the secondary terminal state through calculation by using the power supply adjacency matrix and the power transfer adjacency matrix which do not account for the secondary terminal state.
Further, the actual power supply reachability matrix and the converted power supply reachability matrix include:
determining the state of the secondary system terminal equipment, and describing the state by using a first switch terminal state matrix and a last switch terminal state matrix;
judging the action state of the switch by the initial switch terminal state matrix and the final switch terminal state matrix, and determining the actual action matrix of the initial switch and the final switch;
correcting the power supply adjacent matrix and the power transfer adjacent matrix by utilizing the actual action matrix of the first switch and the last switch to obtain an actual power supply adjacent matrix and a power transfer adjacent matrix;
the actual power supply accessibility matrix and the transfer power supply accessibility matrix are obtained through calculation by the actual power supply adjacency matrix and the transfer power supply adjacency matrix.
Further, the determining the blackout area and the misblackout area in the area affected by the fault includes:
according to the power supply accessibility matrix and the transfer power supply accessibility matrix which do not consider the state of the secondary terminal, determining a power failure area caused by the failure of the primary system element, namely a failure power failure area, wherein the power failure time is failure repair time;
according to the actual power supply accessibility matrix and the transfer power supply accessibility matrix, all power-off areas under actual conditions are obtained, the power-off areas except the fault power-off areas are power-off areas caused by the faults of the secondary terminal equipment, namely error power-off areas, and the power-off time is the manual switching time.
Further, the updating the load outage time, the outage frequency and the total power shortage amount of the area affected by the fault comprises:
accumulating power failure time, power failure times and total power failure quantity of all power failure conditions of the load points in the simulation process;
in particular, the total shortage amount meter and the load characteristic are updated, and the change condition of different types of loads in different time periods is considered.
Further, for a single load i:
load average outage duration for a single load i:
load annual average outage time for a single load i:
U Li ＝λ Li r Li ；
load annual loss power expectancy of single load i:
wherein the accumulated power failure time of the load i is t i The accumulated power failure times is m i ，P month And t off The power and the power failure time are corresponding to the load of the affected area in the primary fault in the simulation process; lambda (lambda) Li The fault rate of a single load is set, and T is the set simulation total time;
the reliability index statistics of each load point obtains the system average power failure frequency SAIFI, the system average power failure duration SAIDI, the average power supply reliability ASAI power failure quantity expected EENS system reliability index as follows:
wherein N is i The number of users as load point i, R is the system load point set
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the influence of the secondary system on the reliability of the primary system is simplified by using the control function of the secondary system terminal equipment in the fault processing process, and the influence area of faults in the fault isolation and power supply recovery processes is more intuitively described by using the accessibility matrix.
2. Considering the demand effect of users on the power distribution network, counting the load reliability index and the load characteristic, standing on the angle of the users to quantitatively evaluate the power supply continuity, and enabling the reliability of the evaluated power distribution network to be more accurate and complete.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for secondary reliability evaluation of a power distribution network taking into account load characteristics according to the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a primary system and a secondary terminal device of the power distribution network in this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and obvious.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for evaluating secondary reliability of a power distribution network considering load characteristics according to the present embodiment includes:
s1, inputting primary system elements, load points and secondary terminal equipment data to form a primary system switch upstream adjacent matrix and a switch downstream adjacent matrix;
s2, carrying out minimum power distribution area partition on the primary system, and respectively forming a power supply adjacent matrix and a power transfer adjacent matrix according to the normal condition power direction and the power direction under power transfer;
s3, sampling a primary system element by adopting a sequential Monte Carlo method, determining a primary system fault element, and obtaining a first switching action matrix and a last switching action matrix which are not considered in a secondary terminal state, thereby obtaining a power supply adjacent matrix and a transfer power supply adjacent matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state, and calculating a power supply reachability matrix and a transfer power supply reachability matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state;
s4, sampling the secondary terminal equipment by adopting a non-sequential Monte Carlo method, judging whether the secondary terminal equipment fails, respectively forming a first switch terminal state matrix and a last switch terminal state matrix, determining the actual action matrixes of the first switch and the last switch, and obtaining an actual power supply adjacent matrix and a transfer power supply adjacent matrix, thereby calculating to obtain an actual power supply reachability matrix and a transfer power supply reachability matrix;
s5, comparing the power supply accessibility matrix which does not consider the state of the secondary terminal with the actual power supply accessibility matrix, and determining a fault power failure area and a false power failure area in the area affected by the fault by comparing the power supply accessibility matrix which does not consider the state of the secondary terminal with the actual power supply accessibility matrix;
s6, updating the load power failure time, the power failure times and the total power shortage amount of the area affected by the fault;
and S7, repeating the steps S3 to S6 until the total time reaches the preset simulation time, and counting to obtain the power failure time, the power failure times and the power failure quantity of each load, thereby calculating the reliability index of the load and the reliability index of the system.
It should be noted that, as shown in the configuration schematic diagram of the primary system and the secondary terminal device of the power distribution network shown in fig. 2, LP1 to LP8 are load points, F1, K2 to K5, and N/O are switch devices, where F1 is a head end breaker, K2 to K5 are segment switches, N/O is a tie switch, and the terminal device of the secondary system is disposed in the switch device of the primary system to control the switching on and off of the switch device. The method for evaluating the reliability comprises the following specific implementation steps:
forming a switch upstream adjacent matrix and a switch downstream adjacent matrix according to the upstream-downstream position relation between the switches according to the reliability parameters and position information of the primary system element and the secondary terminal equipment
And carrying out minimum distribution area partition on the primary system by taking switching equipment as a boundary according to the switching position of the primary system, numbering each distribution area, and respectively forming a power supply adjacent matrix and a power transfer adjacent matrix according to the normal condition power direction and the power direction under power transfer.
Extracting the current primary system element state by adopting a sequential Monte Carlo method to obtain a primary system element with shortest normal running time, taking the primary system element as a fault element of the system, sampling by secondary terminal equipment by adopting a non-sequential Monte Carlo method to obtain the secondary terminal equipment state, and respectively forming a switch terminal state matrix.
And respectively determining a first switching action matrix and a last switching action matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state according to the primary system fault element, and correcting the power supply adjacent matrix and the transfer power supply adjacent matrix by utilizing the first switching action matrix and the last switching action matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state to obtain the power supply adjacent matrix and the transfer power supply adjacent matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state, so as to calculate and obtain the power supply reachability matrix and the transfer power supply reachability matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state.
When the secondary system is considered, the head-end switch action matrix needs to be corrected according to the head-end switch terminal state matrix to obtain the head-end switch actual action matrix.
And obtaining the fault influence condition of the system area by the actual power supply reachability matrix and the transfer power supply reachability matrix, wherein the power supply reachability matrix and the transfer power supply reachability matrix can determine the area which is not influenced by the fault and the area which is influenced by the fault. The power supply accessibility matrix and the transfer power supply accessibility matrix which do not take into account the state of the secondary terminal are compared, and a fault power outage area and a false power outage area in the area affected by the fault can be determined.
And updating the load power-off time and the power-off times of the area affected by the fault, wherein the power-off time of the fault power-off area is the fault repair time, and the power-off time of the error power-off area is the manual switching time. And determining the average power of the load of the affected area of the fault according to the current time, calculating the power shortage amount of the load in the affected time, and updating the total power shortage amount of the load.
Repeating the steps S3 to S6 until the total time reaches the preset simulation time, and counting to obtain the accumulated power failure time, the accumulated power failure times and the accumulated power failure quantity of each load, thereby calculating the reliability index of the load and the reliability index of the system.
Further, according to the accumulated power outage time, the accumulated power outage times and the accumulated power shortage amount of each load, the obtaining the reliability index of the load and the reliability index of the system specifically comprises:
s71, according to the accumulated power failure time, the accumulated power failure times and the accumulated power failure quantity of each load, obtaining the reliability indexes of the load through calculation, wherein the reliability indexes comprise the load fault rate lambda L Average power outage duration r of load L And annual average power outage time U L Expected value E of annual loss of load loss ；
Obtaining a load failure rate lambda L Average power outage duration r of load L And annual average power outage time U L Expected value E of annual loss of load loss The reliability index of the load is expressed as follows:
U L load failure rate x load average outage duration [ h/year ]]
For a single load i in the method:
load average outage duration for a single load i:
load annual average outage time for a single load i:
U Li ＝λ Li r Li
load annual loss power expectancy of single load i:
wherein the accumulated power failure time of the load i is t i The accumulated power failure times is m i ，P month And t off The power and the power failure time are corresponding to the load of the affected area in the primary fault in the simulation process. Lambda (lambda) Li For failure rate of single load, T is the set total simulation time.
S72, according to the reliability indexes of all loads, the reliability indexes of the system are obtained through calculation, wherein the reliability indexes comprise the average power failure frequency SAIFI of the system, the average power failure duration SAIDI of the system and the expected EENS of the average power supply reliability ASAI lack power supply.
The reliability index statistics of each load point is used for obtaining the system average power failure frequency SAIFI, the system average power failure duration SAIDI and the average power supply reliability ASAI power failure quantity expected EENS system reliability index, and the formula is as follows:
EENS = expected loss of power over all load years [ MWh/a ]
In the present embodiment, however, in the present embodiment,
wherein N is i The number of users is load point i, and R is the system load point set.
The reliability evaluation method of the secondary system in this embodiment includes:
(1) Numbering primary network switch elements according to reliability parameters and position information of primary system elements and secondary terminal equipment, including element failure rate, repair time and the like, and respectively forming a switch upstream adjacent matrix S according to the upstream and downstream position relation between the switches up And a switch downstream adjacency matrix S down In the switch upstream adjacent matrix and the switch downstream adjacent matrix, the row number corresponds to the switch serial number, when the element is 1, the column number of the element is the upstream or downstream switch of the switch corresponding to the row, otherwise, the elements are irrelevant. As shown in fig. 1, according to the number of switches, the upstream adjacent matrix and the downstream adjacent matrix of the switch are 6×6 matrices, which are respectively expressed as follows:
and inputting and storing the average time power corresponding to each load point for 1-12 months according to the load characteristics of the load point, and setting the simulation time. If LP1 is set as a retail industry user, the following month load characteristic indexes of a typical retail industry can be obtained through investigation statistics:
the load characteristic table is formed by taking the number of loads as rows and columns and corresponding months, and the average monthly power is stored.
(2) According to the switch position of the primary system, the minimum distribution area partition is carried out on the primary system by taking switch equipment as a boundary, each distribution area is numbered, a power supply adjacent matrix and a power transfer adjacent matrix are respectively formed according to the normal condition power direction and the power direction under power transfer, and P is respectively used for the power supply adjacent matrix and the power transfer adjacent matrix normal And P transfer . As shown in fig. 1, the primary system may be divided into 5 distribution areas according to the positions of the switches, for example, a distribution area is between F1 and K2, and the area contains two loads LP1 and LP2 and other primary elements.
The forward power adjacent matrix is set with a power supply as a first row, a power transfer area after a contact switch as a last row, the middle row corresponds to the number of areas divided in an inner feeder, the column number of each row of elements which are not 0 represents the column number area, the row area is used as the power supply, and the power direction flows from the row area to the column area. As shown in fig. 1, the dashed box represents a region, each region is numbered, the power is in region 1, the power is in region 2 between F1 and K2, the power is in region 3 between K2 and K3, the power is in region 4 between K3 and K4, the power is in region 5 between K4 and K5, the power is in region 6 between K5 and the tie switch, the tie switch is followed by region 7, and the power flows from the power to region 2, so the second column element in the first row is 1. Under normal conditions, the tie switch is turned off, and the forward power adjacency matrix can obtain a power adjacency matrix A according to the power supply path without considering the area behind the tie switch normal A 7×7 directed matrix:
similarly, the same rule applies to the transfer abutment matrix, except that the power direction is reversed, starting from the tie switch, and the transfer abutment matrix A is obtained from the reverse power abutment matrix without regard to the power supply side transfer The method comprises the following steps:
it is noted here that the power supply adjacency matrix row number is the same as the region number, but the number of rows in the power supply adjacency matrix is reduced by 1 than the corresponding region number.
(3) Extracting the current primary system element state by adopting a sequential Monte Carlo method to obtain the primary system element with the shortest normal operation time, taking the primary system element as a fault element of the system, recording the operation time and the fault repair time of the system, and initially assuming that the elements are in the operation state, wherein the formula is that
D i Zeta is the normal running time of the element i Is [0,1]Lambda of the random number of (a) i Is the failure rate of the ith element, and the element with the shortest normal operation time of the primary system element is obtained as the failure element and is marked as t 1 The current time is t=t+t 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then the failure recovery time of the two elements is obtained by the formula, and lambda is then calculated i Is the repair rate eta of the ith element i Wherein eta i Can be determined by the repair time r i The calculation can be as follows:
the secondary terminal equipment adopts a non-sequential Monte Carlo method to sample, the calculation method of the repair rate is the same as that of the primary system, and the failure rate of the secondary terminal equipment and the failure probability of the repair rate are used for calculating the failure probability of the element, wherein the failure probability calculation formula is as follows:
the status of the secondary terminal device can be used in [0,1 ]]The interval is evenly distributed to simulate, let s i Representing the status of terminal device i, the corresponding terminal i generates an active signal of 0,1]Random numbers RD with uniformly distributed intervals i Make the following
Judging whether the secondary terminal equipment fails or not, obtaining the state of the secondary terminal equipment and forming a switch terminal state matrix respectively:
E＝[e 1 ,…,e i ,e n ]，
wherein e i The states of the terminals corresponding to the ith switch are respectively 1 for the working state, and 0 for the fault state. Since the default power region and the connection region are absolutely reliable, the first and last elements of the vector are always 1.
(4) And respectively determining a first switching action matrix and a last switching action matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state according to the primary system fault element, and correcting the power supply adjacent matrix and the transfer power supply adjacent matrix by using the first switching action matrix and the last switching action matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state to obtain the power supply adjacent matrix and the transfer power supply adjacent matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state, so as to calculate and obtain the power supply reachability matrix and the transfer power supply reachability matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state. Defining an initial first-last switch action matrix as an identity matrix, wherein a row sequence number corresponds to a region sequence number, a diagonal element of 1 represents that the first or last switch of the region of the row is closed, and a diagonal element of 0 represents that the first or last switch of the region of the row is opened. Since region 1 is a power supply, the power supply has no first switch, so the diagonal element of the first row is defaulted to be 1, and the diagonal element of the last row is defaulted to be 1. And obtaining the sequence number of the area where the fault element of the primary system is located according to the sampling result of the primary system, thereby finding out the corresponding action switch by contrasting the corresponding first-last switch matrix. As shown in FIG. 1, when the fault occurs in the LP5 region, the first and last switch action matrices are respectively
The supply adjacency matrix and the transfer supply adjacency matrix are modified according to the following formula:
A' normal ＝A normal S 1 ，A' transfer ＝A transfer S 2
the corrected power supply adjacent matrix and the converted power supply matrix when the LP5 fails are respectively
Then the adjacent matrix A is utilized to calculate a formula P=A+A of the reachability matrix 2 +A 3 +…+A n Respectively calculating a power supply accessibility matrix and a power transfer accessibility matrix under the condition of correct tripping, wherein n is the number of areas, so that the power supply accessibility matrix and the power transfer accessibility matrix when LP5 fails are respectively
(5) When the secondary system is considered, the head-end switch action matrix needs to be corrected according to the head-end switch terminal state matrix to obtain the head-end switch actual action matrix. Assuming that in fig. 1, when LP5 fails, terminal 3 fails at the same time, the switch terminal state matrix at this time is:
E＝[1,1,0,1,1,1]，
because the terminal controls the switch to act, when the terminal fails, the action switch keeps closing. When the action first switch cannot be tripped due to the terminal fault, the adjacent upstream switch replaces the action first switch to complete the function of isolating the fault, and when the action switch of the terminal fault is a last switch, the action first switch is executed by the adjacent downstream switch. Searching the upstream adjacent matrix and the switch downstream adjacent matrix, determining the switch which replaces the executive function and modifying the first and last switch action matrices. In fig. 1, the failed end switch is numbered 3 and is located upstream of the failure, thus searching for the upstream adjacency matrix S up The element of the 3 rd row is not 0, and the element of the second column is 1, so that the 2 nd switch is determined to replace the 3 rd switch to act, and the 2 nd switch is the first switch of the 3 rd area, so that the actual action matrix of the first switch and the last switch is obtained by modification:
the power supply adjacent matrix and the transfer power supply adjacent matrix are corrected by utilizing the actual action matrix of the head switch and the tail switch, and the actual power supply adjacent matrix and the transfer power supply adjacent matrix are obtained by the same method as follows
The actual power supply reachability matrix and the transfer power supply reachability matrix are obtained through calculation:
(6) And obtaining the fault influence condition of the system area by the actual power supply reachability matrix and the transfer power supply reachability matrix, wherein the power supply reachability matrix and the transfer power supply reachability matrix can determine the area which is not influenced by the fault and the area which is influenced by the fault. Analysis of P in the event of LP5 failure in FIG. 1 normal 、P’ normal First row and P transfer 、P’ transfer In the last line, the areas 2 and 3 can be kept powered under normal conditions after the isolation fault, but in reality, the area still connected with the power supply after the terminal 3 is in fault is only the area 2, and the area successfully powered back after the power supply is turned over is kept unchanged. And neglecting the automatic transfer time, considering that the areas which are successfully powered and transferred are areas which are not affected by faults, and the areas which are affected by faults are areas 3 and 4 in practice. The power supply accessibility matrix and the transfer power supply accessibility matrix which do not take into account the state of the secondary terminal are compared, and a fault power outage area and a false power outage area in the area affected by the fault can be determined. In fig. 1, since the power outage area 4 is a fault area in the normal condition of the terminal, it can be determined that the actual area 3 is a false power outage area.
(7) And updating the load power-off time and the power-off times of the area affected by the fault, wherein the power-off time of the fault power-off area is the fault repair time, and the power-off time of the error power-off area is the manual switching time. For the simultaneous failure of LP5 and terminal 3 in fig. 1, the number of power failures of the affected area 3 and the area 4 is increased once, the area 3 is a false power failure area, and the power failure is stoppedThe electric time is the manual switching time, the area 4 is the fault area, and the power failure time is the fault repair time. And determining the average power of the load of the affected area of the fault according to the current time, calculating the power shortage amount of the load in the affected time, and updating the total power shortage amount of the load. If the current time is T, byObtain the current year, by->Determining the current month, thereby
The load characteristic table obtains the average power corresponding to the current load. Let the load corresponding power be P month The power failure time is t off The electric quantity lost by the load when the fault occurs is P month ×t off 。
(8) Repeating the steps (3) to (7) until the total time reaches the preset simulation time, and counting to obtain the accumulated power failure time, the accumulated power failure times and the accumulated power failure quantity of each load, thereby calculating the reliability index of the load and the reliability index of the system.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for secondary reliability assessment of a power distribution network taking into account load characteristics, comprising the steps of:
s1, forming a primary system switch upstream adjacent matrix and a switch downstream adjacent matrix according to primary system elements, load points and secondary terminal equipment data, wherein the primary system switch upstream adjacent matrix and the switch downstream adjacent matrix are specifically as follows: numbering the primary network switch elements, and forming a primary system switch upstream adjacent matrix and a primary system switch downstream adjacent matrix according to the adjacent relation between the switches and the upstream and downstream positions;
s2, carrying out minimum power distribution area partition on the primary system, respectively forming a power supply adjacent matrix and a power transfer adjacent matrix according to the normal condition power direction and the power transfer lower power direction, and comprising the following steps:
taking switching equipment as a boundary, taking all primary elements between adjacent switches as a minimum power distribution area, partitioning and numbering a primary system, wherein a power supply and a contact switch are respectively taken as an area;
determining the power direction under normal conditions by the position of a power supply, and forming a power supply adjacent matrix according to the position of the area;
determining the power direction under the condition of power transfer by the position of the interconnection switch, and forming a power transfer adjacent matrix according to the position of the area;
s3, sampling a primary system element by adopting a sequential Monte Carlo method, determining a primary system fault element, and obtaining a first switching action matrix and a last switching action matrix which are not considered in a secondary terminal state, thereby obtaining a power supply adjacent matrix and a transfer power supply adjacent matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state, and calculating a power supply accessibility matrix and a transfer power supply accessibility matrix which are not considered in the secondary terminal state, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
determining a primary system fault element, judging switching equipment which needs to act for isolating the fault element, and describing the switching equipment by using a first switching action matrix and a last switching action matrix which do not consider the state of a secondary terminal;
correcting the power supply adjacent matrix and the power transfer adjacent matrix by utilizing a first switching action matrix and a last switching action matrix which are not considered in the state of the secondary terminal to obtain the power supply adjacent matrix and the power transfer adjacent matrix which are not considered in the state of the secondary terminal;
obtaining a power supply accessibility matrix and a power transfer accessibility matrix which do not take into account the secondary terminal state through calculation by using a power supply adjacency matrix and a power transfer adjacency matrix which do not take into account the secondary terminal state;
s4, sampling the secondary terminal equipment by adopting a non-sequential Monte Carlo method, judging whether the secondary terminal equipment fails, respectively forming a first switch terminal state matrix and a last switch terminal state matrix, determining the actual action matrix of the first switch and the last switch, and obtaining an actual power supply adjacent matrix and a transfer power supply adjacent matrix, thereby calculating to obtain an actual power supply reachability matrix and a transfer power supply reachability matrix, and comprising the following steps:
determining the state of the secondary system terminal equipment, and describing the state by using a first switch terminal state matrix and a last switch terminal state matrix;
judging the action state of the switch by the initial switch terminal state matrix and the final switch terminal state matrix, and determining the actual action matrix of the initial switch and the final switch;
correcting the power supply adjacent matrix and the power transfer adjacent matrix by utilizing the actual action matrix of the first switch and the last switch to obtain an actual power supply adjacent matrix and a power transfer adjacent matrix;
obtaining an actual power supply reachability matrix and a transfer power supply reachability matrix through calculation by the actual power supply adjacency matrix and the transfer power supply adjacency matrix;
s5, comparing the power supply accessibility matrix which does not consider the secondary terminal state with the actual power supply accessibility matrix, and comparing the power transfer accessibility matrix which does not consider the secondary terminal state with the actual power transfer accessibility matrix to determine a fault power failure area and a false power failure area in the area affected by the fault, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
according to the power supply accessibility matrix and the transfer power supply accessibility matrix which do not consider the state of the secondary terminal, determining a power failure area caused by the failure of the primary system element, namely a failure power failure area, wherein the power failure time is failure repair time;
according to the actual power supply accessibility matrix and the transfer power supply accessibility matrix, obtaining all power-off areas under actual conditions, excluding the fault power-off areas, wherein the residual power-off areas are power-off areas caused by the faults of the secondary terminal equipment, namely error power-off areas, and the power-off time is the manual switching time;
s6, updating the load power failure time, the power failure times and the total power shortage amount of the area affected by the fault;
and S7, repeating the steps S3 to S6 until the total time reaches the preset simulation time, and counting to obtain the power failure time, the power failure times and the power failure quantity of each load, thereby obtaining the reliability index of the load and the reliability index of the system.
2. The method of secondary reliability assessment of a power distribution network taking into account load characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the primary system element, load point and secondary terminal device data comprises: and inputting the reliability parameters and the position information of the primary system element, and inputting the average power corresponding to each load point for 1-12 months according to the load characteristics of the load point, and the reliability parameters of the secondary terminal equipment and the corresponding relation with the primary system switch.
3. The method of secondary reliability assessment of a power distribution network taking into account load characteristics according to claim 1, wherein said updating load outage time, outage number and total outage amount of the area affected by the fault comprises:
accumulating power failure time, power failure times and total power failure quantity of all power failure conditions of the load points in the simulation process;
in particular, the total shortage amount meter and the load characteristic are updated, and the change condition of different types of loads in different time periods is considered.
4. A method of secondary reliability evaluation of a power distribution network taking into account load characteristics according to claim 3, characterized in that for a single load i:
load average outage duration for a single load i:
load annual average outage time for a single load i:
load annual loss power expectancy of single load i:
wherein the accumulated power failure time of the load i is t i The accumulated power failure times is m i ，P month And t off The power and the power failure time are corresponding to the load of the affected area in the primary fault in the simulation process; lambda (lambda) Li The fault rate of a single load is set, and T is the set simulation total time;
the reliability index statistics of each load point obtains the average power failure frequency SAIFI of the system, the average power failure duration SAIDI of the system, the average power supply reliability ASAI and the expected EENS of the power failure amount, and the reliability index of the system is as follows:
wherein N is i The number of users is load point i, and R is the system load point set.
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