CN112100830A - Method for calculating tension of iron tower of power transmission line - Google Patents

Method for calculating tension of iron tower of power transmission line Download PDF

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CN112100830A
CN112100830A CN202010902251.4A CN202010902251A CN112100830A CN 112100830 A CN112100830 A CN 112100830A CN 202010902251 A CN202010902251 A CN 202010902251A CN 112100830 A CN112100830 A CN 112100830A
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季龙三
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    • G06F2113/04—Power grid distribution networks
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    • G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces

Abstract

The invention discloses a tension calculation method for an iron tower of a power transmission line, which comprises the following steps: acquiring parameters of the wire under an installation working condition and an accident working condition, and initializing the tension of the nth-grade wire; the number of tower steps is m, n is more than or equal to 1 and less than m; making the preset tension of the n +1 th conductor equal to the tension of the nth conductor; calculating the vertical load of the nth tower, the length variable quantity of the nth lead and the offset of the nth insulator string; judging whether the offset is smaller than the effective string length, if not, re-initializing; if yes, calculating the tension difference of the nth tower and the calculated tension of the n +1 th guide line; judging whether the difference value of the calculated tension of the n +1 th-gear lead and the preset tension is smaller than a threshold value or not, and if not, re-initializing; if yes, storing a calculation result; judging whether n is smaller than m, if n is smaller than m, enabling n to be n +1, and repeatedly calculating the tension of the next-gear lead; if n is larger than or equal to m, judging whether the ending condition is met, if so, ending, otherwise, reinitializing. The method can measure and calculate the tension difference of the tower more accurately.

Description

Method for calculating tension of iron tower of power transmission line
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission lines, in particular to a tension calculation method for an iron tower of a power transmission line.
Background
The transmission lines in China are high in construction degree and wide in line distribution, but the transmission lines in different external environments face different accident risks. Some transmission lines are located in the coastal areas, are always attacked by typhoons and face the hidden danger of wind disasters. Some lines are located in high mountain areas, and the problems of large span, large height difference and high suspension point are faced when the terrain fluctuates greatly. Other power transmission lines in northwest or southeast regions are influenced by icing all the year round and face the hidden danger of icing disasters. These accidents can cause the influence of broken wires or unbalanced stress on the transmission line lead, and the serious condition can cause the occurrence of tower collapse accidents. In order to avoid the problems, firstly, the stress analysis of the tower under the accident condition needs to be calculated, wherein the key step is to calculate and analyze the tension difference of the front and rear wires in the stress of the tower.
At present, an isometric method model is mainly adopted for calculating the tension difference of the front and rear wires of the tower, the calculation method is only suitable for calculating the uniformly distributed load condition in the gear, and the influence of the height difference of the tower, the wind speed and the like on the calculation result is ignored, so that the tension difference of the tower in the actual operation cannot be accurately calculated.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a tension calculation method for a power transmission line tower, which can calculate the actual tension difference of the power transmission line tower more accurately by considering the height difference of the tower, various accident conditions and the influence of environmental factors when calculating the tension difference of the tower.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calculating a tension of an iron tower of a power transmission line, including the following steps:
acquiring tower parameters, first lead parameters and first environment temperature of the power transmission line under an installation working condition; the tower parameters comprise the tower gear number; the number of the tower gears is m, and m is more than or equal to 1;
acquiring a second wire parameter and a second environment temperature of the power transmission line under an accident condition;
starting to calculate from n to 1, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor; wherein n is more than or equal to 1 and less than m;
making the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th-grade conductor equal to the tension of the sub-conductor of the nth grade;
calculating the vertical load of the nth linear tower according to a preset tower vertical load calculation formula;
calculating the length variation of the nth-gear lead according to a preset calculation formula for the length variation of each-gear lead;
calculating the offset of the nth insulator string according to a preset offset calculation formula of the tower insulator string;
judging whether the offset of the nth insulator string is smaller than the effective string length of the insulator string, if not, calculating from n to 1 again, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-grade conductor;
if yes, calculating the tension difference of the nth linear tower according to a preset calculation formula of the tension difference of the two sides of the tower;
calculating the sub-conductor calculation tension of the n +1 th conductor according to a preset sub-conductor tension calculation formula of the next conductor;
judging whether the difference value between the sub-conductor calculated tension of the n +1 th conductor and the sub-conductor preset tension of the n +1 th conductor is smaller than a preset first threshold value or not, when the difference value is not smaller than the preset first threshold value, enabling the sub-conductor preset tension of the n +1 th conductor to be equal to the sub-conductor calculated tension of the n +1 th conductor, and calculating the vertical load of the nth linear tower again according to a preset tower vertical load calculation formula;
when the difference value is smaller than a preset first threshold value, storing the correlation calculation results of the nth linear tower, the nth lead and the nth insulator string;
judging whether n is smaller than m, if n is smaller than m, making n equal to n +1, and repeatedly making the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor equal to the tension of the sub-conductor of the nth conductor;
and if n is larger than or equal to m, judging whether the storage result meets a preset end condition, if so, ending, outputting a related calculation result corresponding to the preset end condition, otherwise, starting calculation from n-1 again, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor.
Preferably, when the tension imbalance deviation occurs in the power transmission line or when the accident condition is that a part of sub-conductors of a certain conductor are broken, the preset ending condition is that the difference value between the length variation of the mth conductor and the offset of the (m-1) th insulator string is smaller than a preset second threshold value, and the directions of the length variation of the mth conductor and the offset of the (m-1) th insulator string are opposite.
Preferably, when the accident condition is that all sub-conductors of the mth-grade conductor are broken, the preset ending condition is that the difference value between the tension difference of the mth-1-grade linear tower and the tension of the phase conductor of the mth-1-grade conductor is smaller than a preset third threshold value; wherein the phase conductor tension is equal to the product of the sub-conductor tension and the number of sub-conductors.
Preferably, the tower parameters further include each gear span and the height difference between the front tower and the rear tower of each gear; the first lead parameters comprise a lead linear expansion coefficient, a lead elastic modulus, a lead sectional area, a lead maximum use tension, a first lead stress, a lead vertical load, an insulator string actual string length and a string weight; the second lead parameters comprise the stress of the second lead, the number of sub-leads in each lead, the unit vertical load and the unit horizontal load of each lead.
Preferably, the preset tower vertical load calculation formula is
Figure BDA0002658805370000031
Figure BDA0002658805370000032
Wherein G isvnIs the vertical load of the nth linear tower Sn、Sn+1The number of sub-conductors of the nth grade conductor and the number of sub-conductors of the (n + 1) th grade conductor, Pvn、Pv(n+1)Unit vertical load of the nth grade wire and unit vertical load, beta, of the (n + 1) th grade wire respectivelyn、β(n+1)Respectively the height difference angle of the nth gear wire and the height difference angle of the n +1 th gear wire, ln、ln+1The pitch of the nth-gear wire and the pitch of the n +1 th-gear wire, Tdn、Td(n+1)The sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor and the sub-conductor tension of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor are respectively.
Preferably, the preset calculation formula of the length variation of each wire is as follows
Figure BDA0002658805370000033
Figure BDA0002658805370000034
Figure BDA0002658805370000035
Wherein lnIs the span of the nth wire, and deltah is the height difference of the linear towers at both sides of the span, beta0Is the height difference angle of the wire，E is the elastic modulus of the lead, alpha is the linear expansion coefficient of the lead, and gamma1The vertical specific load of the lead under the installation condition is equal to the vertical load of the lead divided by the volume of the lead, sigmao1Is the first wire stress in the installation condition, t1Is the first ambient temperature, γ2The vertical specific load of the lead under the accident condition is equal to the product of unit vertical load and the sectional area of the lead, sigmao2Stress of the second conductor in case of accident, t2Is the second ambient temperature,. DELTA.lnThe length variation of the nth-gear lead under the installation working condition and the accident working condition is adopted.
Preferably, the preset formula for calculating the offset of the tower insulator string isn＝Δln+Δln-1+…Δl1(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,nis the offset of the nth insulator string, Δ lnThe length variation of the nth-gear lead under the installation working condition and the accident working condition is adopted.
Preferably, the preset calculation formula of the tension difference between the two sides of the tower is
Figure BDA0002658805370000041
Wherein λ isn＝λ*cosΘn，
Figure BDA0002658805370000042
nOffset of the nth insulator string, GvnVertical loading of the n-th conductor, FhnFor horizontal loading of the nth conductor, GsIs the string weight of the insulator string, and lambda is the actual string length of the insulator stringnIs the effective string length of the insulator string thetanThe wind deflection angle of the insulator string is under the stress of the horizontal load.
Preferably, when Δ Tn>When 0, the preset sub-conductor tension calculation formula of the next-gear conductor is as follows
Figure BDA0002658805370000043
When Δ Tn<When 0, the preset sub-conductor tension calculation formula of the next-gear conductor is as follows
Figure BDA0002658805370000044
Wherein, Tdn、Td(n+1)The sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor and the sub-conductor tension of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor, Sn、Sn+1The number of the sub-conductors of the nth-gear conductor and the number of the sub-conductors of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor are respectively.
Preferably, the storing of the correlation calculation results of the nth linear tower, the nth lead and the nth insulator string specifically includes:
storing the vertical load and the tension difference of the nth linear tower;
storing the sub-conductor tension, the phase conductor tension and the length variation of the nth-grade conductor;
and storing the offset of the nth insulator string.
Compared with the prior art, the method for calculating the tension of the iron tower of the power transmission line, provided by the embodiment of the invention, has the advantages that the applicable calculation models are rich, and the temperature, the span, the height difference, the vertical load, the horizontal load and the sub-conductor fracture condition of each grade can be set at will, so that the calculation result is closer to the operation condition of the tower; the calculation output results are rich and comprise the tension value of each grade of wire, the line length variation of each grade of wire, the offset distance and the offset angle of each suspension string, the tension difference of each base tower and the use percentage thereof, so that the applicable range of the calculation results is wider; in the invention, the influence of factors such as tower height difference, wind speed and the like on the calculation result is considered in the calculation, so that the tension difference of the tower can be calculated more accurately; compared with the traditional mapping method, the method takes computer mathematical software as a platform, has more accurate calculation and more sensitive speed, adopts an open mode for setting the iteration initial value, and ensures that the user can adjust the initial value to ensure the success of calculation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for calculating tension of an iron tower of an electric transmission line according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a balanced state of a power transmission line under an installation condition, provided by the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a balanced state of a power transmission line under an accident condition, provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention showing the variation amount corresponding to the change in the length of each wire under an accident condition;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the insulator string provided by the present invention with lateral and longitudinal shifts;
FIG. 6 is a schematic model diagram of an embodiment corresponding to an accident condition that a partial sub-conductor of a last-stage conductor of a tower is broken according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for calculating tension of an iron tower of an electric transmission line according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic model diagram of an embodiment corresponding to an accident condition that all sub-conductors of the last-stage conductor of the tower are broken according to the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a method for calculating tension of an iron tower of an electric transmission line according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a measurement result obtained according to the method for calculating the tension of the power transmission line tower provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the method is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of the method for calculating tension of an iron tower of an electric transmission line, and the method includes steps S1 to S14:
s1, obtaining tower parameters, first lead parameters and first environment temperature of the power transmission line under the installation working condition; the tower parameters comprise the tower gear number; the number of the tower gears is m, and m is more than or equal to 1;
s2, acquiring a second lead parameter and a second environment temperature of the power transmission line under the accident condition;
s3, starting calculation from n to 1, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor; wherein n is more than or equal to 1 and less than m;
s4, making the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th level conductor equal to the tension of the sub-conductor of the n th level;
s5, calculating the vertical load of the nth linear tower according to a preset tower vertical load calculation formula;
s6, calculating the length variation of the nth-gear lead according to a preset calculation formula for the length variation of each-gear lead;
s7, calculating the offset of the nth insulator string according to a preset offset calculation formula of the tower insulator string;
s8, judging whether the offset of the nth insulator string is smaller than the effective string length of the insulator string, if not, calculating from n being 1 again, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth conductor;
s9, if yes, calculating the tension difference of the nth linear tower according to a preset calculation formula of the tension difference of the two sides of the tower;
s10, calculating the sub-conductor calculated tension of the n +1 th conductor according to a preset sub-conductor tension calculation formula of the next conductor;
s11, judging whether the difference value between the calculated tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor and the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor is smaller than a preset first threshold value or not, and when the difference value is not smaller than the preset first threshold value, making the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor equal to the calculated tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor, and calculating the vertical load of the nth linear tower again according to a preset tower vertical load calculation formula;
s12, when the difference value is smaller than a preset first threshold value, storing the correlation calculation results of the nth linear tower, the nth lead and the nth insulator string;
s13, determining whether n is less than m, if n is less than m, making n equal to n +1, and repeatedly making the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor equal to the tension of the sub-conductor of the nth conductor;
and S14, if n is larger than or equal to m, judging whether the storage result meets a preset end condition, if so, ending, outputting a relevant calculation result corresponding to the preset end condition, otherwise, starting calculation from n-1 again, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the structure diagram of an embodiment of the power transmission line in a balanced state under the installation condition provided by the present invention is shown. The method comprises the steps of obtaining tower parameters, first lead parameters and first environment temperature of the power transmission line under the installation working condition, namely obtaining relevant data under the installation working condition corresponding to the figure 2. The tower parameters comprise tower gear number; the number of tower steps is m, and m is more than or equal to 1. The installation working condition refers to the working condition when the line stringing is completed, the tangent tower under the working condition does not suffer from the tension difference of the lead, and the suspension string is positioned at the position of the plumb bob. Generally, both tower parameters and first conductor parameters can be obtained from design data. The spacing between the two towers is called a first gear.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a balanced state of a power transmission line under an accident condition. And acquiring a second wire parameter and a second environment temperature of the power transmission line under the accident condition, namely acquiring related data under the accident condition corresponding to the graph 3. Namely, parameters of the transmission line, which change correspondingly when an accident occurs, of the lead are obtained, and compared with the installation working condition, the span variation quantity delta l is obtained through a preset formula, and then the tower tension difference is obtained.
Starting to calculate from n to 1, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor; wherein n is more than or equal to 1 and less than m. Generally, the tension of the sub-conductor of the 1 st-gear conductor is assumed to be an initial value, and trial calculation is performed to calculate whether the initial value is correct, if so, the assumption is successful, and if not, the assumption is unsuccessful, and the assumption needs to be re-made. When the assumption of the 1 st gear lead is established, trial calculation of the 2 nd gear lead and the 3 rd gear lead … … is continued until trial calculation of the mth gear lead is successful.
The preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th-grade conductor is equal to the tension of the sub-conductor of the nth grade. The step is also an assumed process, whether the preset value is correct or not is calculated through trial calculation, and if the preset value is incorrect, the preset value is adjusted according to the calculation result. Generally, the conductor includes a plurality of sub-conductors, and when the sub-conductor tension is determined, the phase conductor tension can be determined.
And calculating the vertical load of the nth linear tower according to a preset tower vertical load calculation formula. It is worth noting that in the invention, the linear pole tower does not comprise the initial pole tower and the final pole tower at two ends, because the initial pole tower and the final pole tower are tension towers, the foundation is generally larger, the risk of tower falling is smaller, and therefore the linear pole tower between the initial pole tower and the final pole tower is also considered when the tension difference is calculated. For example, the 1 st linear tower is referred to as the # 1 linear tower in fig. 2 and 3.
And calculating the length variation of the nth-gear lead according to a preset calculation formula for the length variation of each-gear lead. In order to more intuitively understand the length change of the wire according to the present invention, refer to fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the length change of the wire corresponds to the change amount of each step in the accident condition.
And calculating the offset of the nth insulator string according to a preset offset calculation formula of the tower insulator string. The nth insulator string refers to the insulator string on the nth linear tower.
And judging whether the offset of the nth insulator string is smaller than the effective string length of the insulator string, if not, calculating from n being 1 again, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-grade conductor. In order to more intuitively understand the offset of the insulator string of the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the insulator string provided by the present invention, wherein the insulator string is laterally offset and longitudinally offset. In the invention, the offset of the insulator string refers to the offset of the insulator string which is laterally offset. Effective string length lambda of insulator string1The actual string length λ × cos θ of the insulator string, and θ is the offset angle of the insulator string in the longitudinal direction.
If yes, calculating the tension difference of the nth linear tower according to a preset calculation formula of the tension difference of the two sides of the tower.
And calculating the sub-conductor calculation tension of the n +1 th conductor according to a preset sub-conductor tension calculation formula of the next conductor.
And judging whether the difference value between the calculated tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor and the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor is smaller than a preset first threshold value or not, and when the difference value is not smaller than the preset first threshold value, indicating that the assumed value of the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor is incorrect and exceeds the precision range, and re-assuming the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor. And then, the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor is equal to the calculated tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor, and the vertical load of the nth linear tower is calculated again according to the preset tower vertical load calculation formula, namely, the step S5 is returned to.
When the difference value is smaller than a preset first threshold value, it is indicated that the pre-set tension of the sub-conductor of the nth-gear conductor and the pre-set tension of the sub-conductor of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor are calculated correctly, and the stress of the nth linear tower is balanced, and then the related calculation results of the nth linear tower, the nth-gear conductor and the nth insulator string are stored.
And judging whether n is smaller than m, if n is smaller than m, making n equal to n +1, repeatedly making the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n + 1-th-grade conductor equal to the tension of the sub-conductor of the nth-grade conductor, continuously assuming the tension of the sub-conductor of the next-grade conductor, repeating the steps, and checking whether the assumption is true.
If n is larger than or equal to m, all the conductors with the gear number are calculated, whether the stored result meets a preset end condition or not needs to be judged, if yes, the operation is ended, the related calculation result corresponding to the preset end condition is output, the related calculation result achieving stress balance is output, and the calculation results can be used for guiding tower collapse risk avoidance and providing experience reference for subsequent design; otherwise, starting the calculation from n to 1 again, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor.
By providing the method for calculating the tension of the power transmission line tower, the embodiment 1 of the invention considers the tower height difference, various accident conditions and the influence of environmental factors when calculating the tower tension difference, and can more accurately measure and calculate the actual tension difference of the power transmission line tower. In the calculation process, the preset value of the wire tension is continuously adjusted to gradually approach the actual stress condition, calculation and calculation are carried out according to the known value during calculation, and compared with other methods which directly solve according to a model, the calculation is simpler and more convenient.
As an improvement of the above scheme, when the transmission line generates tension imbalance deviation or when the accident condition is that a part of sub-conductors of a certain conductor are broken, the preset ending condition is that the difference value between the length variation of the mth conductor and the deviation of the (m-1) th insulator string is smaller than a preset second threshold value, and the directions of the length variation and the deviation are opposite.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6, the schematic diagram is a model diagram of an embodiment corresponding to an accident condition where a partial sub-conductor of a last-gear conductor of a tower is broken according to the present invention. When the accident condition is that a part of sub-conductors of one conductor are broken, the preset ending condition is that the difference value between the length variation of the mth conductor and the offset of the (m-1) th insulator string is smaller than a preset second threshold value, and the direction of the length variation of the mth conductor and the direction of the offset of the (m-1) th insulator string are opposite. Similarly, when the transmission line has no accident, that is, all the sub-conductors in any gear line are not broken, but the load of the conductors in different gears changes, for example, part of the gears are severely covered with ice and strong wind, the tower is also subjected to tension difference. For this situation, the method for calculating the tension difference of the tower is the same as the method for calculating the accident model in fig. 6, and the preset ending condition is that the difference between the length variation of the mth conductor and the offset of the (m-1) th insulator string is smaller than the preset second threshold, and the directions of the length variation of the mth conductor and the offset of the (m-1) th insulator string are opposite.
In order to deepen understanding of the calculation of the tower tension difference corresponding to the accident condition of fig. 6, refer to fig. 7, which is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of the method for calculating the tension of the power transmission line tower provided by the present invention. As can be seen from fig. 7, for the accident condition that part of sub-conductors of the last conductor of the tower are broken, after all the conductors and towers of all the levels are calculated, it needs to be determined whether the difference between the length variation of the mth conductor and the offset of the (m-1) th insulator string is smaller than a preset second threshold, and whether the direction of the length variation of the mth conductor and the direction of the offset of the mth insulator string are opposite. If the calculated values are consistent, the trial calculation is correct, each linear tower achieves stress balance, and at the moment, the related calculation results stored in the earlier stage can be output.
As an improvement of the above scheme, when the accident condition is that all sub-conductors of the mth-level conductor are broken, the preset ending condition is that the difference value between the tension difference of the mth-1-level linear tower and the tension of the phase conductor of the mth-1-level conductor is smaller than a preset third threshold value; wherein the phase conductor tension is equal to the product of the sub-conductor tension and the number of sub-conductors.
Specifically, referring to fig. 8, the schematic diagram is a model diagram of an embodiment corresponding to an accident condition where all sub-conductors of the last-gear conductor of the tower are broken. When the accident working condition is that all sub-conductors of the mth-grade conductor are broken, the preset ending condition is that the difference value between the tension difference of the mth-1-grade linear tower and the tension of the phase conductor of the mth-1-grade conductor is smaller than a preset third threshold value; wherein, the tension of the phase conductor is equal to the product of the tension of the sub-conductor and the number of the sub-conductors.
In order to deepen understanding of calculation of the tower tension difference corresponding to the accident condition, refer to fig. 9, which is a schematic flow diagram of a third embodiment of the method for calculating the tension of the power transmission line tower provided by the present invention. As can be seen from fig. 9, for the accident condition that all sub-conductors of the last-stage conductor of the tower are broken, after all the conductors and towers of all the stages are calculated, it is necessary to determine whether the difference between the tension difference of the m-1 th linear tower and the tension of the phase conductor of the m-1 st conductor is smaller than a preset third threshold. If the calculated results are in accordance with the preset calculation result, the trial calculation is proved to be correct, each linear tower achieves stress balance, and at the moment, the related calculation results stored in the early stage can be output.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the tower parameters further include each gear span and a tower height difference between the front and rear of each gear; the first lead parameters comprise a lead linear expansion coefficient, a lead elastic modulus, a lead sectional area, a lead maximum use tension, a first lead stress, a lead vertical load, an insulator string actual string length and a string weight; the second lead parameters comprise the stress of the second lead, the number of sub-leads in each lead, the unit vertical load and the unit horizontal load of each lead.
Specifically, the tower parameters further include each gear span LnAnd the height difference h between the front and rear tower of each gearn(ii) a The first wire parameters comprise a wire linear expansion coefficient alpha, a wire elastic modulus E, a wire sectional area A and a wire maximum use tension TmaxThe first lead stress, the lead vertical load, the actual string length lambda and the string weight Gs of the insulator string. The first conductor parameter is a value corresponding to the insulator string being in the plumb position when the transmission line is completed, i.e. the state of fig. 2. Stress σ of the first wire01Is formed by horizontal tension T of the wire0And the ratio of the wire sectional area A. The second wire parameter comprises a second wire stress sigma02The number of sub-conductors S in each conductornUnit vertical load and unit horizontal load of each grade of wire. The second wire parameter is a numerical value corresponding to the tower under the accident condition, namely the state of fig. 3.
In addition, a relationship among a vertical load of a wire, a unit vertical load of a wire, and a vertical specific load of a wire will be described, where the vertical load of a wire is the unit vertical load of a wire × the length of a wire, and the unit vertical load of a wire is the unit vertical load of a wire × the sectional area of a wire. The wire is mainly subjected to wind load in the horizontal direction, thereby generating a transverse load, which is the unit horizontal load x the length of the wire.
As an improvement of the scheme, the preset tower vertical load calculation formula is
Figure BDA0002658805370000121
Figure BDA0002658805370000122
Wherein G isvnIs the vertical load of the nth linear tower Sn、Sn+1The number of sub-conductors of the nth grade conductor and the number of sub-conductors of the (n + 1) th grade conductor, Pvn、Pv(n+1)Unit vertical load of the nth grade wire and unit vertical load, beta, of the (n + 1) th grade wire respectivelyn、β(n+1)Respectively the height difference angle of the nth gear wire and the height difference angle of the n +1 th gear wire, ln、ln+1The pitch of the nth-gear wire and the pitch of the n +1 th-gear wire, Tdn、Td(n+1)The sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor and the sub-conductor tension of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor are respectively.
Specifically, the preset calculation formula of the vertical load of the tower is
Figure BDA0002658805370000123
Figure BDA0002658805370000124
Wherein G isvnIs the vertical load of the nth linear tower Sn、Sn+1The number of the sub-conductors of the nth-grade conductor and the number of the sub-conductors of the (n + 1) th-grade conductor are respectively, namely the number of the sub-conductors of the front and rear side conductors of the nth tangent tower; pvn、Pv(n+1)Respectively is the unit vertical load of the nth grade of lead and the unit vertical load of the (n + 1) th grade of lead, namely the unit vertical load of the leads on the front side and the rear side of the nth tangent tower; beta is an、β(n+1)Respectively are the height difference angle of the nth grade lead and the height difference angle of the (n + 1) th grade lead, namely the height difference angles of the front and rear leads of the nth tangent tower; the height difference between two suspension points with the same span is called height difference for short, and the included angle between the connecting line of the two suspension points and the horizontal plane is called height difference angle. ln、ln+1The pitch of the nth wire and the pitch of the n +1 th wire, i.e. the nth wireThe span of the front and rear side wires of the tangent tower; t isdn、Td(n+1)The sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor and the sub-conductor tension of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor are respectively, namely the sub-conductor tension of the front and rear side conductors of the nth tangent tower.
As an improvement of the scheme, the preset calculation formula of the length variation of each wire is
Figure BDA0002658805370000125
Figure BDA0002658805370000126
Wherein lnIs the span of the nth wire, and deltah is the height difference of the linear towers at both sides of the span, beta0Is the height difference angle of the wire，E is the elastic modulus of the lead, alpha is the linear expansion coefficient of the lead, and gamma1The vertical specific load of the lead under the installation condition is equal to the vertical load of the lead divided by the volume of the lead, sigmao1Is the first wire stress in the installation condition, t1Is the first ambient temperature, γ2The vertical specific load of the lead under the accident condition is equal to the product of unit vertical load and the sectional area of the lead, sigmao2Stress of the second conductor in case of accident, t2Is the second ambient temperature,. DELTA.lnThe length variation of the nth-gear lead under the installation working condition and the accident working condition is adopted.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, a schematic diagram of the length variation of each wire, for solving the length variation Δ l of each wire, since the initial wire length is constant no matter what state the wire is, and therefore the length of the wire is the same according to the installation condition and the accident condition, the following formula can be established:
Figure BDA0002658805370000131
t1is a first ambient temperature, t2Is the second ambient temperature, t2＝tm+Δt，tmIs the accident temperature, delta t is the temperature variation,according to the formula evolution, the preset calculation formula of the length variation of each wire is
Figure BDA0002658805370000132
Figure BDA0002658805370000133
Figure BDA0002658805370000134
Wherein ln is the span of the nth-gear lead, Δ h is the height difference of the linear towers at two sides of the span, and β0Is the height difference angle of the wire，E is the elastic modulus of the lead, alpha is the linear expansion coefficient of the lead, and gamma1The vertical specific load of the lead under the installation condition is equal to the vertical load of the lead divided by the volume of the lead, sigmao1Is the first wire stress in the installation condition, t1Is a first ambient temperature, γ2The vertical specific load of the lead under the accident condition is equal to the product of unit vertical load and the sectional area of the lead, sigmao2Stress of the second conductor in case of accident, t2Is the second ambient temperature,. DELTA.lnThe length variation of the nth-gear lead under the installation working condition and the accident working condition is adopted. Solving the formula to obtain the lead length variation delta l of the gearn。
For the above formula for calculating the length variation of each wire, the prior art has some problems in solving, i.e. neglecting the formula
Figure BDA0002658805370000135
In the high-order part, the delta l is directly solved in a unary one-time modenThe calculation precision is poor; b. neglecting in the formula
Figure BDA0002658805370000141
Partly, the effect of temperature variations is not taken into account; c. coefficient before Δ h is cos βo/2, which causes large errors and needs to be corrected to sin βo*Δh。
As an improvement of the above scheme, the preset pole towerThe offset of the insulator string is calculated by the formulan＝Δln+Δln-1+…Δl1(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,nis the offset of the nth insulator string, Δ lnThe length variation of the nth-gear lead under the installation working condition and the accident working condition is adopted.
Specifically, the preset formula for calculating the offset of the tower insulator string isn＝Δln+Δln-1+…Δl1(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,nis the offset of the nth insulator string, Δ lnThe length variation of the nth-gear lead under the installation working condition and the accident working condition is adopted.
The derivation of the tower insulator string offset calculation formula is as follows:
lead variation delta l of 1 st gear1Offset of insulator string from first base tower1The same, namely: Δ l1＝1；
The subsequent lead variation delta l of each gearnSubtracting the insulator string offset of the rear side tower from the insulator string offset of the front side tower, namely delta ln＝n-n-1；
In summary, the series offset of the tower is the sum of the variation of each previous conductor, that is:n＝Δln+Δln-1+…Δl1。
as an improvement of the scheme, the preset calculation formula of the tension difference between the two sides of the tower is
Figure BDA0002658805370000142
Figure BDA0002658805370000143
Wherein λ isn＝λ*cosΘn，
Figure BDA0002658805370000144
nOffset of the nth insulator string, GvnVertical loading of the n-th conductor, FhnFor horizontal loading of the nth conductor, GsIs the string weight of the insulator string, and lambda is the actual string length of the insulator stringnIs that it isEffective string length of insulator string, thetanThe wind deflection angle of the insulator string is under the stress of the horizontal load.
Specifically, the tension difference between two sides of the tower can be obtained by combining the effective string length lambda of the insulator string after the offset of the insulator string of the tower is obtainednAnd tower vertical load
Figure BDA0002658805370000151
The calculation is carried out, and the preset calculation formula of the tension difference between two sides of the tower is
Figure BDA0002658805370000152
Wherein λ isn＝λ*cosΘn，
Figure BDA0002658805370000153
nOffset of the nth insulator string, GvnVertical loading of the n-th conductor, FhnFor horizontal loading of the nth conductor, GsIs the string weight of the insulator string, and lambda is the actual string length of the insulator stringnFor effective string length of insulator string, thetanThe wind deflection angle of the insulator string under the stress of the horizontal load is shown. Horizontal load Fhn＝Phn*Lhn，PhnIs a unit horizontal load, LhnIs the length of the nth wire.
As an improvement on the above, when Δ Tn>When 0, the preset sub-conductor tension calculation formula of the next-gear conductor is as follows
Figure BDA0002658805370000154
When Δ Tn<When 0, the preset sub-conductor tension calculation formula of the next-gear conductor is as follows
Figure BDA0002658805370000155
Wherein, Tdn、Td(n+1)The sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor and the sub-conductor tension of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor, Sn、Sn+1The number of sub-conductors of the nth grade conductor and the number of sub-conductors of the (n + 1) th grade conductor are respectively。
Specifically, when Δ Tn>When 0, the tension of the next-gear phase conductor is larger than that of the previous-gear phase conductor, and the preset calculation formula of the sub-conductor tension of the next-gear conductor is as follows
Figure BDA0002658805370000156
When Δ Tn<When 0, the tension of the next-gear phase conductor is smaller than that of the previous-gear phase conductor, and the preset calculation formula of the sub-conductor tension of the next-gear conductor is as follows
Figure BDA0002658805370000157
Wherein, Tdn、Td(n+1)The sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor and the sub-conductor tension of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor, Sn、Sn+1The number of the sub-conductors of the nth-gear conductor and the number of the sub-conductors of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor are respectively.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the storing of the correlation calculation results of the nth linear tower, the nth lead and the nth insulator string specifically includes:
storing the vertical load and the tension difference of the nth linear tower;
storing the sub-conductor tension, the phase conductor tension and the length variation of the nth-grade conductor;
and storing the offset of the nth insulator string.
Specifically, storing the vertical load and the tension difference of the nth linear tower; storing the sub-conductor tension, the phase conductor tension and the length variation of the nth-grade conductor; and storing the offset of the nth insulator string. N is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m, so that the storage is performed once every time the last-gear lead is calculated, the storage data meeting the conditions can be output when the stress balance of the last-gear lead is calculated, and the output result comprises the vertical load and the tension difference of the 1 st to m-1 th linear towers, the sub-lead tension of the 1 st to m-gear leads, the phase lead tension and the length variation and the offset of the 1 st to m-gear insulator strings.
Of course, the output can also be optimized as desired, for example, the percentage of unbalanced tension can also be output. Fig. 10 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a measurement result obtained according to the method for calculating the tension of the power transmission line tower provided by the invention.
And comparing the 'tangent tower parameter result-each-phase unbalanced tension' in the measurement and calculation result with the requirement of the tower in design, wherein if the measurement and calculation result of the patent is smaller than the tower tension difference design limit value, the tower is safe in the accident state, and the design requirement of the tower can resist the accident risk.
If the measurement result is larger than the design limit value of the tower tension difference, the potential safety hazard exists in the tower in the accident state, the tower falling risk exists, further measurement and verification are needed, and if the tower is verified to be true, the tower needs to be reinforced, so that the tower falling accident is avoided. For the 'span length parameter result-sub-conductor tension data' in the measurement and calculation result, if the data is used as an external load and introduced into a design model of the tower for load measurement and calculation, if the result shows that the load of the key tower material exceeds the design limit value, a tower collapse accident can occur, otherwise, the tower material cannot be collapsed, and therefore the load verification of the tower material can be performed according to the calculation result of the invention so as to avoid the risk of tower collapse.
In summary, the method for calculating the tension of the iron tower of the power transmission line provided by the embodiment of the invention can not only measure and calculate the unbalanced tension of the conductor under uniform load, but also measure and calculate the unbalanced tension of the continuous transmission line under the condition of an accident that part of sub-conductors are broken or all phase conductors are broken. The method has the advantages that the applicable calculation models are rich, and the temperature, the span, the height difference, the vertical load, the horizontal load and the sub-conductor fracture condition of each gear can be set at will, so that the calculation result is closer to the tower operation condition; the calculation output results are rich and comprise the tension value of each grade of wire, the line length variation of each grade of wire, the offset distance and the offset angle of each suspension string, the tension difference of each base tower and the use percentage thereof, so that the applicable range of the calculation results is wider; in the calculation of the guided length variation, the high-order calculation in the formula is not ignored, and the gold-containing formula is used for analysis, so that the calculation result is more accurate; the method has the advantages that various factors influencing the tower are set in a diversified manner, the method can be used for calculating the tower tension difference under various conditions in a whole scene, and the influence of factors such as tower height difference and wind speed on the calculation result is considered in the calculation, so that the tower tension difference can be calculated more accurately; compared with the traditional mapping method, the method takes computer mathematical software as a platform, the calculation is more accurate, the speed is more sensitive, the setting of the iteration initial value adopts an open mode, a user can adjust the initial value to ensure the success of the calculation, the change of the initial value has no influence on the result, and the failure of convergence caused by the default iteration initial value is avoided, so that the failure of the whole calculation is avoided.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tension calculation method for an iron tower of a power transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring tower parameters, first lead parameters and first environment temperature of the power transmission line under an installation working condition; the tower parameters comprise the tower gear number; the number of the tower gears is m, and m is more than or equal to 1;
acquiring a second wire parameter and a second environment temperature of the power transmission line under an accident condition;
starting to calculate from n to 1, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor; wherein n is more than or equal to 1 and less than m;
making the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th-grade conductor equal to the tension of the sub-conductor of the nth grade;
calculating the vertical load of the nth linear tower according to a preset tower vertical load calculation formula;
calculating the length variation of the nth-gear lead according to a preset calculation formula for the length variation of each-gear lead;
calculating the offset of the nth insulator string according to a preset offset calculation formula of the tower insulator string;
judging whether the offset of the nth insulator string is smaller than the effective string length of the insulator string, if not, calculating from n to 1 again, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-grade conductor;
if yes, calculating the tension difference of the nth linear tower according to a preset calculation formula of the tension difference of the two sides of the tower;
calculating the sub-conductor calculation tension of the n +1 th conductor according to a preset sub-conductor tension calculation formula of the next conductor;
judging whether the difference value between the sub-conductor calculated tension of the n +1 th conductor and the sub-conductor preset tension of the n +1 th conductor is smaller than a preset first threshold value or not, when the difference value is not smaller than the preset first threshold value, enabling the sub-conductor preset tension of the n +1 th conductor to be equal to the sub-conductor calculated tension of the n +1 th conductor, and calculating the vertical load of the nth linear tower again according to a preset tower vertical load calculation formula;
when the difference value is smaller than a preset first threshold value, storing the correlation calculation results of the nth linear tower, the nth lead and the nth insulator string;
judging whether n is smaller than m, if n is smaller than m, making n equal to n +1, and repeatedly making the preset tension of the sub-conductor of the n +1 th conductor equal to the tension of the sub-conductor of the nth conductor;
and if n is larger than or equal to m, judging whether the storage result meets a preset end condition, if so, ending, outputting a related calculation result corresponding to the preset end condition, otherwise, starting calculation from n-1 again, and initializing the sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor.
2. The method for calculating the tension of the iron tower of the power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein when the tension imbalance deviation occurs in the power transmission line or when the accident condition is that a part of sub-conductors of a certain conductor are broken, the preset ending condition is that the difference between the length variation of the mth conductor and the offset of the (m-1) th insulator string is smaller than a preset second threshold value and the directions of the length variation and the offset are opposite.
3. The tension calculation method for the iron tower of the power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein when the accident condition is that all sub-conductors of the mth conductor are broken, the preset ending condition is that the difference value between the tension difference of the (m-1) th linear tower and the tension of the phase conductor of the (m-1) th conductor is smaller than a preset third threshold value; wherein the phase conductor tension is equal to the product of the sub-conductor tension and the number of sub-conductors.
4. The method for calculating the tension of the iron tower of the power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the tower parameters further comprise each gear span and the height difference between the front tower and the rear tower of each gear; the first lead parameters comprise a lead linear expansion coefficient, a lead elastic modulus, a lead sectional area, a lead maximum use tension, a first lead stress, a lead vertical load, an insulator string actual string length and a string weight; the second lead parameters comprise the stress of the second lead, the number of sub-leads in each lead, the unit vertical load and the unit horizontal load of each lead.
5. The tension calculation method for the iron tower of the power transmission line according to claim 4, wherein the preset calculation formula for the vertical load of the iron tower is shown as
Figure FDA0002658805360000021
Figure FDA0002658805360000022
Wherein G isvnIs the vertical load of the nth linear tower Sn、Sn+1The number of sub-conductors of the nth grade conductor and the number of sub-conductors of the (n + 1) th grade conductor, Pvn、Pv(n+1)Unit vertical load of the nth grade wire and unit vertical load, beta, of the (n + 1) th grade wire respectivelyn、β(n+1)Respectively the height difference angle of the nth gear wire and the height difference angle of the n +1 th gear wire, ln、ln+1The pitch of the nth-gear wire and the pitch of the n +1 th-gear wire, Tdn、Td(n+1)The sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor and the sub-conductor tension of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor are respectively.
6. The method for calculating the tension of the iron tower of the power transmission line according to claim 4, wherein the preset calculation formula for the length variation of each wire is as follows
Figure FDA0002658805360000031
Figure FDA0002658805360000032
Wherein lnIs the span of the nth wire, and deltah is the height difference of the linear towers at both sides of the span, beta0The elevation difference angle of the wire is E is the elastic modulus of the wire, alpha is the linear expansion coefficient of the wire, and gamma is1The vertical specific load of the lead under the installation condition is equal to the vertical load of the lead divided by the volume of the lead, sigmao1Is the first wire stress in the installation condition, t1Is the first ambient temperature, γ2The vertical specific load of the lead under the accident condition is equal to the product of unit vertical load and the sectional area of the lead, sigmao2Stress of the second conductor in case of accident, t2Is the second ambient temperature,. DELTA.lnThe length variation of the nth-gear lead under the installation working condition and the accident working condition is adopted.
7. The tension calculation method for the power transmission line tower of claim 4, wherein the preset tower insulator string offset calculation formula isn＝Δln+Δln-1+…Δl1(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,nis the offset of the nth insulator string, Δ lnThe length variation of the nth-gear lead under the installation working condition and the accident working condition is adopted.
8. The tension calculation method for the power transmission line tower of claim 4, wherein the preset calculation formula for the tension difference between two sides of the tower is shown as
Figure FDA0002658805360000033
Wherein λ isn＝λ*cosΘn，
Figure FDA0002658805360000034
nOffset of the nth insulator string, GvnVertical loading of the n-th conductor, FhnFor horizontal loading of the nth conductor, GsIs the string weight of the insulator string, and lambda is the actual string length of the insulator stringnIs the effective string length of the insulator string thetanThe wind deflection angle of the insulator string is under the stress of the horizontal load.
9. The tension calculation method for the iron tower of the power transmission line according to claim 4, wherein when the delta T is greater than the threshold T, the tension calculation method is usednWhen the tension is more than 0, the preset sub-conductor tension calculation formula of the next-gear conductor is as follows
Figure FDA0002658805360000041
When Δ TnWhen the tension is less than 0, the preset sub-conductor tension calculation formula of the next-gear conductor is
Figure FDA0002658805360000042
Wherein, Tdn、Td(n+1)The sub-conductor tension of the nth-gear conductor and the sub-conductor tension of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor, Sn、Sn+1The number of the sub-conductors of the nth-gear conductor and the number of the sub-conductors of the (n + 1) th-gear conductor are respectively.
10. The method for calculating tension of the power transmission line iron tower according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the storing of the correlation calculation results of the nth linear tower, the nth lead and the nth insulator string specifically comprises:
storing the vertical load and the tension difference of the nth linear tower;
storing the sub-conductor tension, the phase conductor tension and the length variation of the nth-grade conductor;
and storing the offset of the nth insulator string.
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