CN112098911A - Device and method for testing intrinsic energy consumption of high-temperature superconducting flux pump - Google Patents
Device and method for testing intrinsic energy consumption of high-temperature superconducting flux pump Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing intrinsic energy consumption of a high-temperature superconducting flux pump, and the device comprises a cooling box, a superconducting assembly and a permanent magnet assembly, wherein the superconducting assembly is positioned inside the cooling box; the invention utilizes the cooperation of a permanent magnet assembly and a superconducting assembly, utilizes the rotation of a permanent magnet flywheel to generate a travelling magnetic field wave to act on a stator short band, generates direct current in a closed loop circuit, and carries out brushless excitation on a superconducting coil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting tapes, in particular to a device and a method for testing intrinsic energy consumption of a high-temperature superconducting flux pump.
Background
The high-temperature superconducting (HTS) synchronous motor has a wide application prospect, but the HTS material has a low n value, a superconducting joint technology is yet to be developed, a superconducting rotor magnet in a low-temperature environment still needs to be excited from the outside through a current lead, so that Joule heat and heat leakage are generated, and the refrigeration load is increased, the HTS flux pump can excite the magnet under the condition that no mechanical contact exists between a closed-loop superconducting magnet and a normal-temperature environment, the current lead is replaced, and the HTS synchronous motor becomes a research hotspot in recent years; a great deal of experimental data and HTS motor design based on flux pumps have been reported, but based on its operating principle, the HTS short tape (stator) in flux pumps presents dynamic resistance and flux movement, inevitably generating energy consumption, so-called intrinsic energy consumption;
in recent years, through research on HTS flux pumps at home and abroad, the excitation effect of a closed loop magnetic field of an HTS magnet has been demonstrated experimentally, beneficial exploration is conducted on the phenomenon theory, and based on the research, the HTS synchronous motor and the rotor based on brushless excitation of the HTS flux pump are designed, but the problem of "intrinsic energy consumption" of the HTS flux pump in the excitation process is not paid attention, only the joule heat generated by dynamic resistance based on a HTS short band (stator) and the influence thereof on the load of the whole cooling system are mainly considered in limited reports, and based on the operating principle of the HTS flux pump, the dynamic resistance and the flux movement in the HTS short band caused by an alternating magnetic field generate joule heat and hysteresis loss which can be components with non-negligible intrinsic energy consumption of the HTS flux pump, and the energy consumption directly causes the temperature rise of the HTS short band (stator) and the non-stability of the operating state, therefore, the invention provides a device and a method for testing intrinsic energy consumption of a high-temperature superconducting flux pump to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a device and a method for testing intrinsic energy consumption of a high-temperature superconducting flux pump, which analyze and determine the intrinsic physical mechanism of the intrinsic energy consumption, determine that the effect of a traveling magnetic field wave is the root cause of the intrinsic energy consumption generated in a short stator band, and have very high practical value for research on HTS flux pump technology.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a testing arrangement of intrinsic energy consumption of high temperature superconducting flux pump, includes cooler bin, superconductive subassembly and permanent magnetism subassembly, superconductive subassembly is located the inside of cooler bin, permanent magnetism subassembly includes pivot and permanent magnetism flywheel, be equipped with the permanent magnetism flywheel in the pivot, superconductive subassembly includes superconducting coil, HTS connects and the short area of stator, superconducting coil establishes the inside at the cooler bin, and superconducting coil is formed by the HTS strip coiling, superconducting coil's both ends are HTS and connect, both ends HTS connects the department and is connected with the short area of stator, the permanent magnetism flywheel closes on the short area of stator.
The further improvement lies in that: and a liquid nitrogen refrigerant is filled in the cooling box.
The further improvement lies in that: the superconducting coil is provided with a support, and the support is fixed at the bottom inside the cooling box.
The further improvement lies in that: gaps exist between the superconducting assemblies and the permanent magnet assemblies and are not in contact with each other.
The further improvement lies in that: the superconducting coil, the HTS joint and the stator short belt form a closed loop electrified loop.
A method for testing intrinsic energy consumption of a high-temperature superconducting flux pump comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the superconducting assembly and the permanent magnet assembly in a low-temperature environment of liquid nitrogen refrigerant, rotating the rotating shaft to drive the permanent magnet flywheel to rotate to generate a travelling magnetic field wave, and performing brushless excitation on the superconducting coil by the travelling magnetic field wave to generate critical current;
step two: b due to HTS tapesC2High, the normal state area can not be generated in the short stator band, but the normal state area is subjected to an amplitude value between B along with the rotation of the permanent magnet flywheelC1And BC2Through which the magnetic flux undergoes an increase by the action of a travelling magnetic field waveApplied to a descending cycle to produce a net DC voltage VdcAnd a dynamic resistance RdSo as to generate a DC induced current increment in each cycle until the current I in the closed loop formed by the superconducting componentsLTo reach a near critical current ICSaturation value of (I)L0；
Step three: setting L as the inductance of the superconducting coil and R as the resistance of the closed loop of superconducting components, including the resistance R of the HTS joint in the loopJAnd the dynamic resistance R of the HTS tape wound with superconducting coilsd', then, the current I in the loopLAnd magnetic induction B in the superconducting coil, following the following exponential decay law:
IL(t)＝IL(0)·exp[(-R/L)·t]，B(t)＝B(0)·exp[(-R/L)··t] (1)
when the above formula is applied to the superconducting component and the permanent magnet component, the closed loop of the superconducting component with different powers has different attenuation characteristics, the permanent magnet component pumps a current and magnetic flux increment in the loop in real time to compensate the attenuation, the intensity of the magnetic induction intensity B in the superconducting coil is kept unchanged, and the energy consumption required by the magnetic flux increment, namely the excitation energy, is marked as delta EB", obtaining:
ΔEB＝1/2·[(IL0)2-(IL0-ΔIL)2]·L＝(IL0*ΔIL-ΔIL 2/2)·L (2)
Δ I when the HTS joint resistance is small and the decay of the magnetic induction is slowL＜＜IL0Then:
ΔEB＝2·(ΔIL/IL0)·EB0 (3)
when the excitation energy is expressed in units of W, it is expressed as:
ΔEB＝2·(ΔIL/IL0)·EB0·f (4)
HTS joint resistance RJAnd HTS tape dynamic resistance R of wound superconducting coild' respectively caused Joule Heat (Q)JAnd Qd') are the other two energy consumptions in the closed loop, namely:
QJ＝IL0 2·RJ (5)
Qd’＝IL0 2·Rd’ (6)
Rd' calculation using the law of exponentials:
Rd’＝V0·[IL0/IC(Br)]n/IL0 (7)
wherein V01. mu.V/cm, and IC(Br) Is the critical power of HTS tapes under the action of a magnetic field
Flow, receiving BrPerpendicular component B ofr ⊥The comparison of (a) is straightforward and is expressed by the following equation:
IC(Br)＝Ic(0)/(1+|Br ⊥|/B0) (8)
the sum of the above three energy consumptions is equal to the energy output from the permanent magnet assembly in the closed loop, and is marked as PFP", is expressed as follows:
PFP＝ΔEB+QJ+Qd’ (9)；
step four: when the permanent magnet component works, the stator short belt is acted by the travelling magnetic field wave, and magnetic flux movement and dynamic resistance R are generated in the stator short beltdThis is to generate a net DC voltage V in a closed loopdcBased on the dynamic resistance R caused by the presence of an alternating magnetic fielddAnd flux movement generates energy losses in the stator short strip, including dynamic losses QdAnd hysteresis loss QBThe two portions of energy consumption are intrinsic energy consumption, and the total value is marked as QFP", i.e.:
QFP＝Qd+QB (10)
therefore, the superconducting component obtains total electric energy E through the rotating mechanical energy of the permanent magnet flywheelMIn the closed loop formed by the superconducting components, the two parts are distributed: intrinsic energy consumption QFP"and net output energy" PFP", i.e.:
EM＝PFP+QFP＝ΔEB+QJ+Qd’+QFP (11)；
step five: according to the actually measured waveform of the traveling magnetic field wave and the net value V of the direct current voltage on the short belt of the statordcSaturated excitation current IL0Resistance R of HTS jointJAnd total electrical energy E obtained from the rotating mechanical energy of the permanent magnet flywheelMExcitation energy delta E required for maintaining the magnetic induction of the superconducting component unchangedBAnd further obtaining the numerical value of the intrinsic energy consumption according to the following formula:
QFP＝EM-ΔEB-QJ-Qd’ (12)。
the further improvement lies in that: in the second step, the traveling magnetic field wave is a direct-current biased alternating magnetic field.
The further improvement lies in that: in the second step, the faster the permanent magnet flywheel rotates, i.e. the higher the frequency of the travelling magnetic field wave, ILThe faster the rise, IL0The closer to Ic。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes the matching of the permanent magnetic component and the superconducting component, utilizes the rotation of the permanent magnet flywheel to generate the advancing magnetic field wave to act on the stator short band, generates direct current in a closed loop circuit, and carries out brushless excitation on the superconducting coil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the variation of the energy consumption value with frequency according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the quantitative relationship between physical quantities according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a cooling tank; 2. a rotating shaft; 3. a permanent magnet flywheel; 4. a superconducting coil; 5. an HTS joint; 6. a stator short belt; 7. and (4) a bracket.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the following examples, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
According to fig. 1, 2, 3, this embodiment provides a high temperature superconducting flux pump intrinsic energy consumption's testing arrangement, including cooler bin 1, superconductive subassembly and permanent magnet subassembly, superconductive subassembly is located cooler bin 1's inside, permanent magnet subassembly includes pivot 2 and permanent magnet flywheel 3, be equipped with permanent magnet flywheel 3 on the pivot 2, superconductive subassembly includes superconducting coil 4, HTS joint 5 and stator stub belt 6, superconducting coil 4 establishes in cooler bin 1's inside, and superconducting coil 4 is formed by the coiling of HTS strip, superconducting coil 4's both ends are HTS joint 5, both ends 5 departments of HTS joint are connected with stator stub belt 6, permanent magnet flywheel 3 closes on stator stub belt 6.
And a liquid nitrogen refrigerant is filled in the cooling box 1.
And a support 7 is arranged on the superconducting coil 4, and the support 7 is fixed at the bottom inside the cooling box 1.
Gaps exist between the superconducting assemblies and the permanent magnet assemblies and are not in contact with each other.
The superconducting coil 4, the HTS connector 5 and the stator short belt 6 form a closed loop power-on circuit.
According to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the embodiment provides a method for testing intrinsic energy consumption of a high-temperature superconducting flux pump, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the superconducting assembly and the permanent magnet assembly in a low-temperature environment of a liquid nitrogen refrigerant, rotating the rotating shaft 2 to drive the permanent magnet flywheel 3 to rotate to generate a travelling magnetic field wave, and performing brushless excitation on the superconducting coil 4 by the travelling magnetic field wave to generate critical current;
step two: b due to HTS tapesC2The high and short stator bands 6 do not generate normal state regions, but are subjected to a magnetic field with an amplitude between B and B with the rotation of the permanent magnet flywheel 3C1And BC2The magnetic flux passing through the stator short belt 6 goes through the process of increasing to decrease and repeating to generate a net DC voltage value VdcAnd a dynamic resistance RdSo as to generate a DC induced current increment in each cycle until the current I in the closed loop formed by the superconducting componentsLTo reach a near critical current ICSaturation value of (I)L0The faster the permanent magnet flywheel 3 rotates, i.e. the higher the frequency of the travelling magnetic field wave, ILThe faster the rise, IL0The closer to Ic；
Step three: let L be the inductance of the superconducting coil 4 and R be the resistance of the closed loop of superconducting components, including the resistance R of the HTS joint 5 in the loopJAnd the dynamic resistance R of the HTS tape wound with the superconducting coil 4d', then, the current I in the loopLAnd the magnetic induction B in the superconducting coil 4, following the following exponential decay law:
IL(t)＝IL(0)·exp[(-R/L)·t]，B(t)＝B(0)·exp[(-R/L)··t] (1)
when the above formula is applied to the superconducting component and the permanent magnet component, the closed loop of the superconducting component with different powers has different attenuation characteristics, the permanent magnet component pumps a current and magnetic flux increment in the loop in real time to compensate the attenuation, the intensity of the magnetic induction intensity B in the superconducting coil 4 is kept unchanged, and the energy consumption required by the magnetic flux increment, namely the excitation energy, is marked as delta EB", obtaining:
ΔEB＝1/2·[(IL0)2-(IL0-ΔIL)2]·L＝(IL0*ΔIL-ΔIL 2/2)·L (2)
Δ I when the HTS joint 5 has a small resistance and the magnetic induction decays very slowlyL＜＜IL0Then:
ΔEB＝2·(ΔIL/IL0)·EB0 (3)
when the excitation energy is expressed in units of W, it is expressed as:
ΔEB＝2·(ΔIL/IL0)·EB0·f (4)
HTS joint 5 resistance RJAnd HTS tape dynamic resistance R of wound superconducting coil 4d' respectively caused Joule Heat (Q)JAnd Qd') are the other two energy consumptions in the closed loop, namely:
QJ＝IL0 2·RJ (5)
Qd’＝IL0 2·Rd’ (6)
Rd' calculation using the law of exponentials:
Rd’＝V0·[IL0/IC(Br)]n/IL0 (7)
wherein V01. mu.V/cm, and IC(Br) Is the critical power of HTS tapes under the action of a magnetic field
Flow, receiving BrPerpendicular component B ofr ⊥The comparison of (a) is straightforward and is expressed by the following equation:
IC(Br)＝Ic(0)/(1+|Br ⊥|/B0) (8)
the sum of the above three energy consumptions is equal to the energy output from the permanent magnet assembly in the closed loop, and is marked as PFP", is expressed as follows:
PFP＝ΔEB+QJ+Qd’ (9)；
step four: when the permanent magnet assembly works, the stator short belts 6 are acted by the travelling magnetic field wave, and magnetic flux movement and dynamic resistance R are generated in the stator short beltsdThis is to generate a net DC voltage V in a closed loopdcDue to alternating magnetismDynamic resistance R caused by the presence of a fielddAnd the flux movement generates energy losses in the stator short strip 6, including dynamic losses QdAnd hysteresis loss QBThe two portions of energy consumption are intrinsic energy consumption, and the total value is marked as QFP", i.e.:
QFP＝Qd+QB (10)
therefore, the superconducting component obtains the total electric energy E through the rotating mechanical energy of the permanent magnet flywheel 3MIn the closed loop formed by the superconducting components, the two parts are distributed: intrinsic energy consumption QFP"and net output energy" PFP", i.e.:
EM＝PFP+QFP＝ΔEB+QJ+Qd’+QFP (11)；
step five: according to the actually measured waveform of the traveling magnetic field wave and the net value V of the direct current voltage on the stator short belt 6dcSaturated excitation current IL0Resistance R of HTS joint 5JAnd the total electrical energy E obtained from the mechanical energy of rotation of the permanent-magnet flywheel 3MExcitation energy delta E required for maintaining the magnetic induction of the superconducting component unchangedBAnd further obtaining the numerical value of the intrinsic energy consumption according to the following formula:
QFP＝EM-ΔEB-QJ-Qd’ (12)。
verification example:
superconducting and Permanent magnet assemblies constitute a Flux Pump, described in literature [ Ma J, et al, rolling Permanent Magnets Based Flux Pump for HTS No-Insulation Coil, EEE trans. appl. supercond.2019, 29 (5): 5202106]For example, researchers have obtained and maintained different saturation excitation currents I at a traveling field wave frequency of 10-160HzL0I.e. at a certain frequency, the net output energy "P" of the flux pumpFP", and excitation energy Δ E at that timeBHTS joint resistance energy consumption Q of superconducting tapeJSuperconducting tape dynamic resistance energy consumption QdThe sum of the' three terms maintains a dynamic equilibrium state. Data on insulated coils (INSCoil) according to "TableI" in the literature (including R elsewhere in the text)JCalculated 205.5n ΩThe length of the obtained superconducting tape is 14 meters), and equations (2), (5), (6), (7) and (8) herein, assuming that the n value of the I-V curve of the superconducting coil having an inductance of 123 μ H used in the experiment is set to 18, the relevant parameters at different frequencies can be calculated, as listed in table 1:
table 1 literature results of calculation of relevant parameters
R in Table 1d' is the dynamic resistance of the superconducting tape when the flux pump is in a non-operating state, and is calculated by equation (7) (where IC(Br) 62A); loop resistance value R ═ R causing loop current to decayd’+RJ. It is noted that R is calculated here according to the basic exponential law of the I-V curved' values several times higher than R reported in this documentdValue, since both reflect the characteristics at saturation exciting current and "charging", respectively. VdWhen the saturated exciting current under a certain frequency is maintained, the voltage drop at two ends of the superconducting coil (comprising two joints connected with the superconducting short-belt stator of the flux pump) is reduced; the numerical values of the physical quantities listed in the unit of μ V/cm can be directly shown when ILBelow IcWhen, VdStill less than Vc (1. mu.V/cm). The variation of the energy consumption values with frequency is shown in fig. 4 and described by the following documents [ Ma J, et al, rolling personnel Magnets Based Flux Pump for HTS No-Insulation Coil, EEE trains, application, supercond.2019, 29 (5): 5202106]The excitation energy delta E obtained by the calculation of the experimental data in (1)BSuperconducting tape joint resistance energy consumption QJSuperconducting tape dynamic resistance energy consumption Qd' and flux Pump Net output energy PFP. It can be seen from fig. 4 that the higher the frequency, the higher the loop current ILThe closer to the critical current I of the superconducting coilcTime, excitation energy Δ EBThe higher the occupancy ratio. At 10Hz and 20Hz, Δ EBOnly 2.3mW and 7.8mW respectively, and Qd' values are similar; but when the frequency rises to 120Hz and 160Hz, the frequency respectively reaches 142mW and 209mW, which far exceed the same frequencyQ ofd'; meanwhile, the net output of the magnetic flux pump can be increased from 4.5mW and 15mW to 164mW and 233 mW. This means that the dynamic resistance R is due to the superconducting taped' increase, and the inductance of the superconducting coil is small, so the rate of loop current decay is significantly faster, resulting in maintenance of ILConstant required excitation energy Δ EBDominates the static output energy P of the magnetic flux pump deviceFPThe requirements of (a). Energy consumption Q of superconducting tape joint resistance along with frequency rising from 10Hz to 160HzJOnly increasing from 0.5mW to 0.7mW accounts for little in the total energy consumption, especially at higher frequencies.
Static output energy P of flux pumpFPAnd its intrinsic energy consumption QFPThe sum is the mechanical-electromagnetic conversion energy E of the magnetic flux pumpM. This EMIt can be determined experimentally that, in view of the experimental data not yet available for reference, it is assumed herein that the energy obtained by the "mechanical-electromagnetic" conversion of the flux pump during each cycle is a constant, which is an important parameter of the flux pump, denoted by "em". Administration of emAn appropriate assignment can be made to try and "EM＝PFP+QFP"this dynamic equilibrium relationship is analyzed preliminarily. Based on this assumption, E in equation (11)MIs proportional to frequency and satisfies "E" at any frequencyM>PFP"this basic condition, therefore emNot less than about 1.5 mJ; then, we take em1.9 mJ. In this case, the quantitative relationship among the three physical quantities is shown in FIG. 5, and the literature [ Ma J, et al, relating to rotation Permanent Magnets Based Flux Pump for HTS No-Insulation Coil, EEE Trans. appl. Supercond.2019, 29 (5): 5202106]Mechanical-electromagnetic conversion energy E of middle, magnetic flux pumpMNet output energy PFPAnd intrinsic energy consumption QFPThe relationship of (1); assume respectively EMCompare 1.9mJ · f and 3.7mJ · f; when the frequency is lower, the intrinsic energy consumption of the flux pump is larger, and even can exceed the net output energy of the flux pump; intrinsic internal loss Q as frequency increasesFPIs increased ratio PFPSlowly, and thus the ratio becomes small, significantly lower than PFPThe ratio of (a) to (b). Of course, emCan make it possible toHas a higher value when emWhen the thickness is 3.7mJ, QFPWith the rate of frequency increase of PFPComparable, but still exhibiting a linearly increasing trend; that is, operating the flux pump at high frequencies does not result in a dramatic increase in the intrinsic energy consumption of the flux pump.
The invention utilizes the matching of the permanent magnetic component and the superconducting component, utilizes the rotation of the permanent magnet flywheel 3 to generate the advancing magnetic field wave to act on the stator short belt 6, generates direct current in a closed loop circuit, and carries out brushless excitation on the superconducting coil 4.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a testing arrangement of intrinsic energy consumption of high temperature superconducting flux pump, includes cooler bin (1), superconductive subassembly and permanent magnetism subassembly, its characterized in that: superconducting components is located the inside of cooler bin (1), permanent magnet assembly includes pivot (2) and permanent magnet flywheel (3), be equipped with permanent magnet flywheel (3) on pivot (2), superconducting components includes superconducting coil (4), HTS joint (5) and stator stub band (6), superconducting coil (4) are established in the inside of cooler bin (1), and superconducting coil (4) are formed by the HTS tape coiling, the both ends of superconducting coil (4) are HTS joint (5), both ends HTS joint (5) department is connected with stator stub band (6), permanent magnet flywheel (3) close on stator stub band (6).
2. The device for testing the intrinsic energy consumption of the high-temperature superconducting flux pump according to claim 1, wherein: and a liquid nitrogen refrigerant is filled in the cooling box (1).
3. The device for testing the intrinsic energy consumption of the high-temperature superconducting flux pump according to claim 1, wherein: and a support (7) is arranged on the superconducting coil (4), and the support (7) is fixed at the bottom inside the cooling box (1).
4. The device for testing the intrinsic energy consumption of the high-temperature superconducting flux pump according to claim 1, wherein: gaps exist between the superconducting assemblies and the permanent magnet assemblies and are not in contact with each other.
5. The device for testing the intrinsic energy consumption of the high-temperature superconducting flux pump according to claim 1, wherein: the superconducting coil (4), the HTS joint (5) and the stator short belt (6) form a closed loop power-on circuit.
6. A method for testing intrinsic energy consumption of a high-temperature superconducting flux pump is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the superconducting assembly and the permanent magnet assembly in a low-temperature environment of a liquid nitrogen refrigerant, rotating the rotating shaft (2) to drive the permanent magnet flywheel (3) to rotate to generate a travelling magnetic field wave, and performing brushless excitation on the superconducting coil (4) by the travelling magnetic field wave to generate critical current;
step two: b due to HTS tapesC2The high and low stator bands (6) can not generate normal state areas, but are subjected to an amplitude value between B and B along with the rotation of the permanent magnet flywheel (3)C1And BC2Through which the magnetic flux undergoes a cyclic process of increasing and decreasing to produce a net DC voltage VdcAnd a dynamic resistance RdSo as to generate a DC induced current increment in each cycle until the current I in the closed loop formed by the superconducting componentsLTo reach a near critical current ICSaturation value of (I)L0；
Step three: setting L as the inductance of the superconducting coil (4) and R as the resistance of a closed loop of superconducting components, including the resistance R of the HTS joint (5) in the loopJAnd the dynamic resistance R of the HTS strip wound with the superconducting coil (4)d', then, the current I in the loopLAnd the magnetic induction B in the superconducting coil (4), following the following exponential decay law:
IL(t)＝IL(0)·exp[(-R/L)·t]，B(t)＝B(0)·exp[(-R/L)·t] (1)
wherein t represents time/s, when the above formula is applied to the superconducting component and the permanent magnet component, the closed loop of the superconducting component with different powers has different attenuation characteristics, the permanent magnet component pumps a current and magnetic flux increment in the loop in real time to compensate the attenuation, the intensity of the magnetic induction B in the superconducting coil (4) is kept unchanged, and the energy consumption required by the magnetic flux increment, namely the excitation energy, is marked as delta EB", obtaining:
ΔEB＝1/2·[(IL0)2-(IL0-ΔIL)2]·L＝(IL0*ΔIL-ΔIL 2/2)·L(2)
Δ I when the HTS joint (5) has a low resistance and the decay of the magnetic induction is slowL＜＜IL0Then:
ΔEB＝2·(ΔIL/IL0)·EB0 (3)
when the excitation energy is expressed in units of W, it is expressed as:
ΔEB＝2·(ΔIL/IL0)·EB0·f (4)
HTS joint (5) resistance RJAnd HTS tape dynamic resistance R of the wound superconducting coil (4)d' respectively caused Joule Heat (Q)JAnd Qd') are the other two energy consumptions in the closed loop, namely:
QJ＝IL0 2·RJ (5)
Qd’＝IL0 2·Rd’ (6)
Rd' calculation using the law of exponentials:
Rd’＝V0·[IL0/IC(Br)]n/IL0 (7)
wherein V01. mu.V/cm, and IC(Br) Is the critical current of the HTS strip under the action of a magnetic field, subject to BrPerpendicular component B ofr ⊥The comparison of (a) is straightforward and is expressed by the following equation:
IC(Br)＝Ic(0)/(1+|Br ⊥|/B0) (8)
the sum of the above three energy consumptions is equal to the energy output from the permanent magnet assembly in the closed loop, and is marked as PFP", is expressed as follows:
PFP＝ΔEB+QJ+Qd’(9)；
step four: when the permanent magnet assembly works, the stator short belt (6) is acted by the travelling magnetic field wave, and magnetic flux movement and dynamic resistance R are generated in the stator short beltdThis is to generate a net DC voltage V in a closed loopdcBased on the dynamic resistance R caused by the presence of an alternating magnetic fielddAnd the flux movement generates energy losses in the stator short strip (6), including dynamic losses QdAnd hysteresis loss QBThe two portions of energy consumption are intrinsic energy consumption, and the total value is marked as QFP", i.e.:
QFP＝Qd+QB(10)
therefore, the superconducting component obtains the total electric energy E through the rotating mechanical energy of the permanent magnet flywheel (3)MIn the closed loop formed by the superconducting components, the two parts are distributed: intrinsic energy consumption QFP"and net output energy" PFP", i.e.:
EM＝PFP+QFP＝ΔEB+QJ+Qd’+QFP(11)；
step five: according to the actually measured waveform of the traveling magnetic field wave and the net value V of the direct current voltage on the stator short belt (6)dcSaturated excitation current IL0Resistance R of HTS joint (5)JAnd total electrical energy E obtained from the rotating mechanical energy of the permanent magnet flywheel (3)MExcitation energy delta E required for maintaining the magnetic induction of the superconducting component unchangedBWherein E isMThe measured total energy consumption of the driving motor when the permanent magnet assembly works is subtracted from the energy consumption of the motor when the permanent magnet assembly does not work to obtain data, and then the numerical value of the energy consumption of the certificate is obtained according to the following formula:
QFP＝EM-ΔEB-QJ-Qd’ (12)。
7. the method for testing the intrinsic energy consumption of the high-temperature superconducting flux pump according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the traveling magnetic field wave is a direct-current biased alternating magnetic field.
8. The method for testing the intrinsic energy consumption of the high-temperature superconducting flux pump according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the faster the permanent magnet flywheel (3) rotates, namely the higher the frequency of the travelling magnetic field wave, ILThe faster the rise, IL0The closer to Ic。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114743750A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-12 | 四川大学 | Magnetic flux pump system control method and controllable magnetic flux pump system |
| WO2023284572A1 (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-01-19 | 四川大学 | High-temperature superconducting flux pump system |
| US20230231461A1 (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-07-20 | Hunan University | Conduction-cooled magnetic flux pump |
-
2020
- 2020-10-10 CN CN202011076233.1A patent/CN112098911A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023284572A1 (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-01-19 | 四川大学 | High-temperature superconducting flux pump system |
| US20230231461A1 (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-07-20 | Hunan University | Conduction-cooled magnetic flux pump |
| CN114743750A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-12 | 四川大学 | Magnetic flux pump system control method and controllable magnetic flux pump system |
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