CN112098112A - Test method for optimizing road load test - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test method for optimizing road load test, which comprises the following steps: the running-in mileage of the vehicle reaches more than 30000km, the vehicle is prepared, and the test site, the environmental temperature and the wind speed are ensured to meet the requirements; fully preheating the vehicle for more than 40 minutes; dividing a reference speed point to obtain a subsection speed interval corresponding to subsection sliding; according to the sectional speed intervals, according to the sequence of the speed sections from high to low, firstly continuously completing the sliding test of one sectional speed interval, heating the vehicle for more than 20 minutes, and then continuously completing the sliding test of the next sectional speed interval, wherein each sliding test obtains more than 6 groups of effective test data; collating test data and calculating statistical accuracy; calculating a road load measurement result and correcting the road load measurement result to a reference state; the invention optimizes the testing method given in the existing testing standard, realizes effectively reducing the sliding resistance of the automobile, and simultaneously enables the testing data to more easily meet the requirement of statistical accuracy, thereby reducing the testing times and improving the efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile road load testing, and particularly relates to a test method for optimizing road load testing.
Background
The size of the road load of the automobile has great influence on the dynamic property, the fuel economy and the pollutant emission of the whole automobile, so that the reduction of the sliding resistance of the automobile is one of important means for reducing the oil consumption of the automobile, and the sliding resistance of the automobile comprises air resistance, rolling resistance and automobile internal resistance (comprising transmission system resistance, braking system resistance and the like); the road load obtained by the road load measurement test is mainly used for development and verification of the vehicle on the chassis dynamometer, so that the road load value can be efficiently and accurately obtained, and the vehicle model development and verification period can be shortened to a certain extent.
In the prior art, a test method and test steps for testing automobile road load are mainly carried out with reference to CC.4.3.1 in GB 18352.6-2016 (limit for light automobile pollutant emission) and a measurement method (sixth stage in China). In this standard, the requirement for statistical accuracy is not greater than 3%.
The test method in this standard is as follows:
1) vehicle preparation, including vehicle weighing, vehicle condition verification, tire pressure adjustment, and the like.
2) The vehicle is warmed up, requiring at least 20 minutes of warm-up until steady state is reached.
3) The reference speed starts at 20km/h and increases in steps of 10km/h up to 130 km/h.
4) After the vehicle is preheated, before each test, the vehicle should run to a speed 10-15km/h higher than the highest reference speed, and start to slide after being stably maintained for 1 minute.
5) During the sliding process, the gearbox is in a neutral gear, the steering wheel is not rotated as much as possible, and the brake cannot be performed.
6) The test should be performed multiple times until the test data meets the statistical accuracy requirements.
7) Each sliding should be continued. The glide can also be done in segments if the data for all reference speed points cannot be recorded continuously. During the sectional coasting, it should be noted that the vehicle conditions remain unchanged.
8) The road load is determined by the coasting time. Corresponding reference vjThe vehicle speed should be measured from (v)j+ Δ v) glide to (v)j- Δ v). Delta v is less than or equal to 5 km/h.
9) The sliding test should be carried out in two directions, at least three pairs of continuous measurement results should be obtained, and the results should satisfy the statistical accuracy Pj。
10) In actual measurement, if any external factor in a certain direction or the behavior of a driver influences the road load test, the test result and the corresponding reverse test result are both considered to be invalid.
11) Used to calculate the arithmetic mean of the road load, using the harmonic mean of the two-way coasting time.
12) And correcting to a reference state according to the air resistance correction factor, the rolling resistance correction factor, the wind speed correction and the test quality correction factor.
Among the above existing standards, since the definition of the test conditions in each step is wide and the standard requirement is low, for example: in the standard, the mileage of a test vehicle is required to be at least 10000km but not more than 80000km, and if the requirement of a vehicle production enterprise is met, a vehicle with the mileage of more than 3000km can be selected; the vehicle needs to be preheated for at least 20 minutes when the vehicle is required to be preheated in the standard; the requirement in the standard is that a minimum of three pairs of consecutive measurements should be obtained; the standard requires that each sliding should be continuously carried out, if the data of all reference speed points can not be continuously recorded, the sliding can also be carried out in a segmented manner, because the limitation of the length of roads in each large test field is limited at present, each test needs to be carried out in a segmented manner, and the segmented sliding can cause several problems, namely, the test time is obviously increased, and because the test needs to slide a plurality of groups of numbers, the test is carried out by sliding a complete group and then carrying out the next group, or the test is carried out by sliding a plurality of groups of speed sections and then carrying out the next speed section; the test requirements have no specific and targeted scheme in the prior art, and the test result is difficult to meet the final statistical accuracy requirement due to the lack of targeted test condition standards when a tester refers to the existing standards for testing, so that the test frequency is obviously increased and the test efficiency is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a test method for optimizing a road load test, which optimizes the test method given in the prior test standard, realizes effective reduction of the sliding resistance of an automobile, and simultaneously enables test data to meet the requirement of statistical accuracy more easily, thereby reducing the test times and improving the efficiency. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows by combining the attached drawings of the specification:
a test method for optimizing a road load test comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the running-in mileage of the vehicle reaches the requirement, preparing the vehicle and ensuring that the test site, the environmental temperature and the wind speed all meet the standard requirement;
step two: fully preheating the vehicle;
step three: dividing a reference speed point to obtain a subsection speed interval corresponding to subsection sliding;
step four: according to the sectional speed intervals, according to the sequence of the speed sections from high to low, firstly continuously completing the sliding test of one sectional speed interval, and then continuously completing the sliding test of the next sectional speed interval, wherein the sliding test of each sectional speed interval obtains a plurality of groups of effective test data;
step five: the test data are sorted and the statistical precision is calculated to ensure that the statistical precision meets the precision requirement;
step six: and processing effective sectional sliding test data, calculating a road load measurement result, and correcting the road load measurement result to a reference state.
In the first step, the running-in mileage of the vehicle is required to reach more than 30000 km.
And in the second step, the vehicle is fully preheated for more than 40 minutes.
In the third step, the reference speed points of the back-and-forth sliding are segmented according to the length of the test site, the back-and-forth bidirectional segmentation is ensured to be consistent, and the segmentation speed intervals corresponding to the segmentation sliding are as follows:
the speed interval corresponding to the 1 st sliding is as follows: (130+ Δ v) to (v)1- Δ v), in units of: km/h;
the speed interval corresponding to the 2 nd sliding is as follows: (v)1+Δv)～(v2- Δ v), in units of: km/h;
······
the speed interval corresponding to the nth sliding stage is as follows: (v)n-1+ Δ v to 20- Δ v), unit: km/h;
wherein Δ v is 5 km/h.
In the fourth step, except for the section 1 sliding test, the vehicle heating time is increased before the rest of the sectional sliding tests, so that the vehicle is ensured to be in a stable running state.
In the fourth step, the vehicle heating time is increased by more than 20 minutes before the rest segmental sliding tests.
In the fourth step, 6-8 groups of effective test data are obtained in the sliding test of each segmented speed interval.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the test method for optimizing the road load test, the requirement is that the number of the internal strokes of the test vehicle is higher as much as possible within a standard allowable running-in range and at least reaches more than 30000km, so that the vehicle transmission system is fully run in, and the sliding resistance is reasonably reduced.
2. In the test method for optimizing the road load test, the test vehicle is required to prolong the hot vehicle time before the test, and in the process of the sectional sliding test, the hot vehicle time is added before each section of sliding test to fully preheat a transmission system and tires and keep a stable state in the test process, so that the sliding resistance is reasonably reduced.
3. In the test method for optimizing the road load test, 6-8 groups of continuous measurement results are required to be obtained in each test process, so that the condition that one or more measurement precision cannot be met due to less measurement results is avoided, the test time is greatly increased due to excessive test groups is avoided, the test precision can be met more easily, and the test efficiency is improved.
4. In the test method for optimizing the road load test, firstly, the sliding test of a higher speed section is required to be continuously carried out, then, the sliding test of the next lower speed section is carried out after the vehicle is heated, so that the test precision is easier to meet, and the test efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a test method for optimizing road load testing according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For clearly and completely describing the technical scheme and the specific working process thereof, the specific implementation mode of the invention is as follows by combining the attached drawings of the specification:
the invention discloses a test method for optimizing a road load test, which comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: after the running-in mileage of the vehicle reaches more than 30000km, preparing the vehicle according to the standard, and ensuring that the test site, the environmental temperature and the wind speed all meet the standard requirements;
in the first step, referring to the GB 18352.6-2016 standard, preparing a vehicle, including vehicle weighing, wheel positioning, tire replacement meeting requirements, tire pressure adjustment and the like, is started, so that the condition of the test vehicle meets the standard requirements;
in the first step, the mileage of the test vehicle in the standard allowable running-in range should be as high as possible, and at least reach over 30000km, for example:
when the odometer reading of the vehicle is 2200km, the road load measurement test data obtained according to the test methods in the standards are shown in the following table one:
watch 1
When the odometer reading of the vehicle is 34000km, the road load measurement test results obtained according to the test method in the standard are shown in the following table two:
watch two
According to the comparison between the first table and the second table, when the running-in mileage of the vehicle is increased and reaches more than 30000km, the road load of the vehicle is obviously reduced, and the reasonable reduction of the sliding resistance of the vehicle is realized.
Step two: fully preheating the vehicle for more than 40 minutes;
in the second step, the vehicle is fully preheated for more than 40 minutes, so that the temperature of the oil liquid of the gearbox and the transmission system can reach a stable state of 80-100 ℃, and the sliding resistance of the vehicle is reasonably reduced.
Step three: dividing a reference speed point to obtain a subsection speed interval corresponding to subsection sliding;
in the third step, the reference speed points sliding back and forth are segmented according to the length of the test site, so that the two-way segmentation back and forth is consistent, in the specific embodiment, the data of all the reference speed points can be recorded by four segments, and the segmented speed intervals corresponding to the segmented sliding are as follows:
the speed interval corresponding to the 1 st sliding is as follows: (130+ Δ v) to (v)1- Δ v), in units of: km/h;
the speed interval corresponding to the 2 nd sliding is as follows: (v)1+Δv)～(v2- Δ v), in units of: km/h;
the speed interval corresponding to the 3 rd sliding is as follows: (v)2+Δv)～(v3-Δv), unit: km/h;
the 4 th sliding corresponding speed interval is as follows: (v)3+ Δ v to 20- Δ v), unit: km/h;
for convenience of data processing at the later stage of the experiment, Δ v is generally taken to be 5 km/h.
Step four: according to the sectional speed intervals, according to the sequence of the speed sections from high to low, firstly continuously completing the sliding test of one sectional speed interval, heating the vehicle for more than 20 minutes, and then continuously completing the sliding test of the next sectional speed interval, wherein the sliding test of each sectional speed interval obtains more than 6 groups of effective test data;
in the fourth step, according to the speed intervals divided in the third step, the specific sliding test process of each speed interval is as follows:
(1) starting to slide the first section according to the speed interval corresponding to the sliding of the 1 st section, and ensuring that 6-8 groups of effective test data are obtained without rotating a steering wheel as much as possible and braking is not performed in the sliding process;
(2) the vehicle is heated for more than 20 minutes in the section, the second section of sliding is started according to the speed interval corresponding to the 2 nd section of sliding, the steering wheel is not rotated as much as possible in the sliding process, braking cannot be performed, and more than 6-8 groups of effective test data are obtained;
(3) the vehicle is heated for more than 20 minutes in the section, the third section starts to slide according to the speed interval corresponding to the 3 rd section, a steering wheel is not rotated as much as possible in the sliding process, braking cannot be performed, and more than 6-8 groups of effective test data are guaranteed to be obtained;
(4) the vehicle is heated for more than 20 minutes in the section, the fourth section starts to slide according to the speed interval corresponding to the 4 th section, the steering wheel is not rotated as much as possible in the sliding process, braking cannot be performed, and more than 6-8 groups of effective test data are guaranteed to be obtained;
in the fourth step, in the process of carrying out the segmental slide test, the segmental inter-segment hot car is added before each segmental test, the hot car time is more than 20 minutes, and in the second step, the car is fully preheated for more than 40 minutes before the test, so that the reasonable reduction of the sliding resistance of the car can be realized, and in order to show the beneficial effects brought by the hot car scheme corresponding to the second step and the fourth step more clearly, the step is compared with the prior art scheme as follows:
the road load measurement test data obtained when the vehicle was warmed up for 20 minutes prior to testing according to the current standards and without the condition of sectionally warm-up is shown in table three below:
watch III
The following table four shows road load measurement test data obtained when the vehicle was fully warmed up for 40 minutes prior to testing and the vehicle was warmed up for 20 minutes prior to each split test:
watch four
According to the comparison between the third table and the fourth table, when the full hot car time is prolonged to more than 40 minutes before the test, and after the segmented hot car time is increased by 20 minutes before each segment of the segmented test, the load of the vehicle road is obviously reduced, and the sliding resistance of the vehicle is reasonably reduced;
in this step four, adopt and carry out the gliding test of a segmentation in succession earlier, carry out the gliding test of next segmentation in succession, can make the statistical accuracy of the road load measurement test data that obtains littleer, accord with the requirement about statistical accuracy of test standard more, shorten test time, promoted experimental effective rate, for the beneficial effect that this technical characterstic brought of more clear show, compare as follows with other schemes:
when the test vehicle continuously performs a sectional sliding test according to the fourth step, the statistical accuracy of the road load measurement test data obtained by the method of continuously performing the next sectional sliding test is as shown in the following table five:
watch five
When the test vehicle firstly completes a group of whole-section sliding tests from 130km/h to 20km/h and then performs another group of whole-section sliding tests according to another mode, the statistical accuracy of the road load measurement test data is obtained as shown in the following six steps:
watch six
According to the comparison between the fifth table and the sixth table, when the road load measurement test is carried out, firstly, a sectional sliding test is continuously carried out, and then, the method for continuously carrying out the next sectional sliding test is compared with the method for firstly completing a group of whole-section sliding tests and then carrying out another group of whole-section sliding tests, so that the statistical accuracy of the obtained road load measurement test data is smaller, the requirements of the standard on the statistical accuracy are better met, the test time can be effectively saved, and the test efficiency is improved.
In this step four, in every section segmentation sliding test process, all obtain at least 6 effective test data of group, the statistical accuracy that can make the road load measurement test data that obtain is littleer, accords with the requirement about statistical accuracy of test standard more, shortens test time, has promoted experimental effective rate, for the beneficial effect that this technical characterstic of show more clearly brought, as follows with other scheme contrasts:
when the test vehicle meets the requirements of the fourth step, the statistical accuracy of the 8 groups of effective test data obtained in each segmented speed interval is as shown in the following table seven:
watch seven
When 4 groups of effective test data are obtained in each sectional speed interval of the test vehicle, namely 4 groups of calculation statistical accuracies are randomly selected from 8 groups of test data in the seventh table as shown in the eighth table:
table eight
According to the comparison between the seventh table and the eighth table, when the statistical accuracy of 4 groups of effective test data obtained in each sectional speed interval of the test vehicle still has a plurality of requirements which cannot meet the statistical accuracy, and when the statistical accuracy of 8 groups of effective test data obtained in each sectional speed interval of the test vehicle meets the standard requirements, the test time can be effectively saved, and the test efficiency is improved.
Step five: the test data are sorted and the statistical precision is calculated to ensure that the statistical precision meets the precision requirement;
in the fifth step, the test data of the segmental sliding test in the fourth step are sorted, the corresponding statistical precision is calculated, and when the statistical precision P is reachedjIf the statistical accuracy is less than or equal to 3 percent, judging that the corresponding test data is valid, entering the next step, and if the statistical accuracy P is less than or equal to 3 percentjAnd if the test data is more than 3%, judging that the corresponding test data is invalid, returning to the step two to test again to obtain the test data until the test data is valid.
Step six: processing effective sectional sliding test data, calculating a road load measurement result, and correcting the road load measurement result to a reference state;
in the sixth step, effective sectional sliding test data are processed according to the standard, and the reference speed v is calculatedjHarmonic mean of round trip time and arithmetic mean of road load, then using minimum of twoMultiplication calculation of road load constant term f in road load formula0First road load factor f1And a second road load factor f2And finally, correcting to a reference state according to the air resistance correction factor, the rolling resistance correction factor, the wind speed correction and the test quality correction factor.
In the above embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the criteria are: GB 18352.6-2016 limit for light-duty vehicle pollutant emissions and measurement methods (sixth stage of China) in Accessories CC, relevant standards for "road load measurement and dynamometer settings".
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A test method for optimizing road load test is characterized in that:
the test method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the running-in mileage of the vehicle reaches the requirement, preparing the vehicle and ensuring that the test site, the environmental temperature and the wind speed all meet the standard requirement;
step two: fully preheating the vehicle;
step three: dividing a reference speed point to obtain a subsection speed interval corresponding to subsection sliding;
step four: according to the sectional speed intervals, according to the sequence of the speed sections from high to low, firstly continuously completing the sliding test of one sectional speed interval, and then continuously completing the sliding test of the next sectional speed interval, wherein the sliding test of each sectional speed interval obtains a plurality of groups of effective test data;
step five: the test data are sorted and the statistical precision is calculated to ensure that the statistical precision meets the precision requirement;
step six: and processing effective sectional sliding test data, calculating a road load measurement result, and correcting the road load measurement result to a reference state.
2. A test method for optimizing road load testing according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the first step, the running-in mileage of the vehicle is required to reach more than 30000 km.
3. A test method for optimizing road load testing according to claim 1, characterized in that:
and in the second step, the vehicle is fully preheated for more than 40 minutes.
4. A test method for optimizing road load testing according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the third step, the reference speed points of the back-and-forth sliding are segmented according to the length of the test site, the back-and-forth bidirectional segmentation is ensured to be consistent, and the segmentation speed intervals corresponding to the segmentation sliding are as follows:
the speed interval corresponding to the 1 st sliding is as follows: (130+ Δ v) to (v)1- Δ v), in units of: km/h;
the speed interval corresponding to the 2 nd sliding is as follows: (v)1+Δv)～(v2- Δ v), in units of: km/h;
······
the speed interval corresponding to the nth sliding stage is as follows: (v)n-1+ Δ v to 20- Δ v), unit: km/h;
wherein Δ v is 5 km/h.
5. A test method for optimizing road load testing according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that:
in the fourth step, except for the section 1 sliding test, the vehicle heating time is increased before the rest of the sectional sliding tests, so that the vehicle is ensured to be in a stable running state.
6. A test method for optimizing road load testing according to claim 5, characterized in that:
in the fourth step, the vehicle heating time is increased by more than 20 minutes before the rest segmental sliding tests.
7. A test method for optimizing road load testing according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the fourth step, 6-8 groups of effective test data are obtained in the sliding test of each segmented speed interval.
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