CN112097228A - Steam generation system for solar photo-thermal power station and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Steam generation system for solar photo-thermal power station and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112097228A CN112097228A CN202010982903.XA CN202010982903A CN112097228A CN 112097228 A CN112097228 A CN 112097228A CN 202010982903 A CN202010982903 A CN 202010982903A CN 112097228 A CN112097228 A CN 112097228A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/06—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/34—Adaptations of boilers for promoting water circulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
The invention relates to a steam generating system for a solar photo-thermal power station and an operation method thereof, wherein the steam generating system provides a water working medium through a water supply unit, and comprises a preheater, a Venturi nozzle, an evaporator, a steam pocket and a starting unit. On the other hand, when the temperature of the feed water is lower than the freezing point of the fused salt, the feed water can be mixed with the steam and water in the steam pocket downcomer through the Venturi nozzle, and finally the temperature of the feed water entering the evaporator is improved. The invention saves the investment of the forced circulation pump, improves the reliability of the system operation and saves the service power at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar thermal power generation, in particular to a steam generation system for a solar thermal power station and an operation method thereof.
Background
Solar energy is utilized in various ways, including wind energy, tidal energy, photovoltaic power generation, photo-thermal power generation and other technical categories. The solar photo-thermal power generation is divided into a groove type, a tower type, a butterfly type and a linear Fresnel from the difference of the structural forms of a condenser lens surface and a heat collector.
The solar photo-thermal technology is expected to be separate from a plurality of power generation technologies, and finally, the cost can be greatly broken through, at least two problems need to be solved, one is the reliability problem of equipment, and the other is the optimization of the system structure through the improvement of the process and the reduction of the equipment investment.
No matter the photo-thermal power station based on the groove type, tower type, butterfly type or linear Fresnel technology, the power generation scheme adopted at present utilizes water vapor to drive a steam turbine generator to generate electric energy, and the generation of steam needs a steam generation system. At present, for steam generation systems of subcritical and supercritical units, because the high-efficient generation of steam is difficult to realize in traditional natural circulation schemes, forced circulation schemes are adopted in traditional designs, and the schemes need to adopt forced circulation pumps as steam-water circulation power sources between steam drums and evaporators, but because the use of forced circulation pumps, two problems are caused: one of the problems is that the forced circulation pump has high operating temperature and high operating pressure compared with a common water pump, so that the cost expenditure is high, and the current urgent need of reducing the cost in the photo-thermal power generation industry is influenced; problem two, because the forced circulation pump belongs to the moving part, compared with the natural circulation scheme, the failure rate and the operation risk of the system operation are greatly increased, and the severity of the problem is also proved from the operation condition of the steam generation system of the current first photo-thermal power generation demonstration project.
In addition, due to the particularity of the fused salt heat exchanger, when the temperature of the water working medium in the fused salt heat exchanger is lower than the freezing point of the fused salt working medium, the fused salt is solidified to cause a production stop accident, so that the improvement of the temperature of the water working medium at the inlet of the fused salt heat exchanger is particularly important, and the existing solution is that a group of heat exchangers are added in front of the fused salt heat exchanger to improve the temperature of feed water generally, but the problem that the temperature of the feed water is lower than the freezing point of the fused salt working medium possibly still occurs in the starting and low-load operation.
Therefore, a stable solution is found, the problem that natural circulation cannot meet steam production requirements can be properly solved, cost improvement and failure rate improvement caused by the adoption of a forced circulation pump can be avoided, and meanwhile, the temperature of the inlet water working medium of the fused salt heat exchanger can be guaranteed to be higher than the freezing point of the fused salt working medium.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a steam generation system for a solar photo-thermal power station and an operation method thereof, which utilize the kinetic energy of a water working medium in a Venturi nozzle to increase the circulation rate of a pipeline between a steam pocket and an evaporator through the change of the inner pipe diameter of the Venturi nozzle, and further utilize the Venturi nozzle to mix the water working medium from the steam pocket to the evaporator pipeline and a water supply pipeline, so that the temperature of the water working medium entering the evaporator is higher than the freezing point of a heat storage medium, a forced circulation pump used in the traditional design is eliminated, the equipment cost is saved, and the operation reliability of the steam generation system is ensured.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a steam generation system for a solar photo-thermal power station, which supplies water working medium through a water supply unit, wherein the water supply unit comprises a water supply source and a water supply pipeline; the steam generation system comprises a preheater, an evaporator, a steam drum and a starting unit, wherein the preheater and the evaporator are both heat exchangers used for heat exchange between a heat storage medium and a water medium; the start-up unit includes start-up circulating pump entry ooff valve, start-up circulating pump and start-up heater, steam generation system still includes the venturi nozzle, the venturi nozzle includes nozzle entry, nozzle mix entry and nozzle outlet:
the water supply source is respectively connected with the water inlet of the water inlet pipe of the preheater and the water inlet of the water supply bypass pipeline through the water supply pipeline, and the water inlet pipe of the preheater is provided with a water supply regulating valve; the water outlet of the water supply bypass pipeline is connected with the nozzle inlet, and a water supply bypass regulating valve is arranged on the water supply bypass pipeline;
the preheater is connected with the nozzle inlet or a water supply pipe of the steam pocket through a water outlet pipe of the preheater;
the outlet of the nozzle is connected with the ascending pipe of the steam drum through the evaporator; the down pipes of the steam drum are respectively connected with the nozzle mixing inlet and the starting unit, and the starting unit is connected with the preheater through the water inlet pipe of the preheater.
Preferably, the starting unit is respectively connected with the downcomer of the steam drum and the water inlet of the water inlet pipe of the preheater through starting circulating pipes;
the starting circulating pump inlet switch valve, the starting circulating pump and the starting heater are connected in series and are sequentially arranged on the starting circulating pipe according to the flow direction of the water working medium.
Preferably, the venturi nozzle is a device that uses the bernoulli effect to achieve accelerated mixing of fluids.
The invention also provides an operation method of the steam generation system for the solar photo-thermal power station, which comprises the following steps:
when the steam generation system is started in a cold state, the water supply bypass regulating valve is closed, the water supply regulating valve and a starting circulating pump inlet switch valve are opened, and the water supply unit supplies water to the preheater, the evaporator and the steam drum; when the water working medium liquid level in the steam pocket reaches the start liquid level, the water supply unit stops supplying water, starts the starting circulating pump and the starting heater, the water working medium in the steam generation system starts circulating and heating until the water working medium temperature in the steam generation system is higher than the freezing point of the heat storage medium, and the start of the steam generation system is finished.
Preferably, after the steam generation system is started, the inlet switch valve of the starting circulating pump, the starting circulating pump and the starting heater are closed, the steam generation system operates normally, and the water supply unit continues to supply water.
Preferably, when the steam generation system is normally operated, the operation method includes:
if when water working medium temperature in the water supply pipeline is less than the heat-retaining medium freezing point, close the water supply regulating valve, open the water supply bypass regulating valve, this moment, the warp the water supply bypass pipeline is followed the nozzle entry gets into in the venturi nozzle water working medium in the water supply pipeline, with the warp the downcomer is followed nozzle mixing entry gets into in the venturi nozzle water working medium in the steam pocket mix in the venturi nozzle, then follow the nozzle export gets into the evaporimeter.
Preferably, the temperature of the water working medium mixed by the Venturi nozzle and flowing out of the nozzle outlet is higher than the freezing point of the heat storage medium.
Preferably, the outlet pipe of the preheater is connected to the nozzle inlet, and when the steam generation system is in normal operation, the operation method comprises:
if when water working medium temperature in the water supply pipeline is higher than the freezing point of the heat storage medium, open the water supply regulating valve, close the water supply bypass regulating valve, at this moment, the warp follow after the preheater heating the nozzle entry gets into in the venturi nozzle water working medium in the water supply pipeline, and the warp the downcomer is followed the nozzle mixes the entry and gets into in the venturi nozzle water working medium in the steam pocket the venturi nozzle mixes, promotes simultaneously the soda medium and is in the evaporimeter with the circulation volume between the steam pocket.
Preferably, the outlet pipe of the preheater is connected with the water supply pipe of the steam drum, and when the steam generation system operates normally, the operation method comprises the following steps:
and if the temperature of the water working medium in the water supply pipeline is higher than the freezing point of the heat storage medium, the water supply regulating valve is opened, the water supply bypass regulating valve is closed, and at the moment, the water working medium in the water supply pipeline enters the steam drum after being heated by the preheater.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the steam generation system for the solar photo-thermal power station utilizes the kinetic energy of water supply and combines the principle of a Venturi nozzle, on one hand, the circulating quantity of a steam-water medium between an evaporator and a steam drum is pushed by the accelerating mixing function of the Venturi nozzle, and the steam generation system is a structure between natural circulation and forced circulation. On the other hand, when the temperature of the feed water is lower than the freezing point of the heat storage medium, the feed water can be mixed with the vapor and water in the steam pocket downcomer through the Venturi nozzle, and finally the temperature of the feed water entering the evaporator is improved. The invention saves the investment of the forced circulation pump, improves the reliability of the system operation and saves the service power at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam generation system for a solar photo-thermal power station according to preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam generation system for a solar photo-thermal power plant according to preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The steam generating system for a solar thermal power plant according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 and 2, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed embodiment and a specific operation process are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and those skilled in the art can modify and decorate the steam generating system without changing the spirit and content of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention mainly optimizes the structure and function of a water side system, and the structure of a salt side system is not described again. In the invention, the steam generation system provides water working medium through a water supply unit 1, and the water supply unit 1 comprises a water supply source 101 and a water supply pipeline 102; the steam generation system comprises a preheater 6, an evaporator 9, a steam drum 10 and a startup unit 11, wherein the startup unit 11 comprises a startup circulation pump inlet switch valve 1101, a startup circulation pump 1102 and a startup heater 1103. The steam generating system further comprises a venturi nozzle 8, the venturi nozzle 8 comprising a nozzle inlet 801, a nozzle mixing inlet 802 and a nozzle outlet 803:
the water supply source 101 is respectively connected with the water inlet of the water inlet pipe 5 of the preheater 6 and the water inlet of the water supply bypass pipeline 4 through the water supply pipeline 102, and the water inlet pipe 5 of the preheater 6 is provided with a water supply regulating valve 2; the water outlet of the water supply bypass pipeline 4 is connected with the nozzle inlet 801, and the water supply bypass pipeline 4 is provided with a water supply bypass regulating valve 3;
the preheater 6 is connected with the nozzle inlet 801 or a water supply pipe of the steam drum 10 through a water outlet pipe 7;
the nozzle outlet 803 is connected with the rising pipe of the steam drum 10 through the evaporator 9; the down pipes of the steam drum 10 are respectively connected with the nozzle mixing inlet 802 and the starting unit 11, and the starting unit 11 is connected with the preheater 6 through the water inlet pipe 5 of the preheater 6.
The preheater 6 and the evaporator 9 are both heat exchangers for exchanging heat between a heat storage medium and a water medium, the heat storage medium is not particularly limited in the present invention, such as molten salt, heat transfer oil, molten metal, etc., the following embodiments all use the molten salt medium as an example for detailed description, but are not limited to the molten salt medium, and can be set according to actual requirements.
The system actually further comprises connecting pipelines among the devices and accessories such as related valves on the pipelines, and the water supply unit 1, the preheater 6, the evaporator 9, the steam drum 10 and the starting unit 11 can all adopt related devices in the prior art, and the invention is not particularly limited to this.
The venturi nozzle 8 is a device for realizing accelerated mixing of fluid by using the bernoulli effect, and all the devices for realizing accelerated mixing of fluid by using the bernoulli effect belong to the venturi nozzle 8 in the invention. The venturi nozzle 8 comprises at least three ports, which are connected with other devices or valves through pipes, specifically, the ports comprise a nozzle inlet 801, a nozzle mixing inlet 802 and a nozzle outlet 803, the nozzle inlet 801 and the nozzle mixing inlet 802 are inlets, the nozzle inlet 801 and the nozzle mixing inlet 802 are communicated in the venturi nozzle 8 and form a mixing inlet, and the mixing inlet is communicated with the nozzle outlet 803 at the outlet end of the venturi nozzle 8.
In the system, power can be provided by the starting circulating pump 1102 in the cold-state starting preheating stage, namely the starting circulating pump 1102 is used as a power source for starting the starting circulation, so that the water working medium forms closed circulation among the preheater 6, the evaporator 9 and the steam pocket 10 through connecting pipelines; the starting heater 1103 provides energy for preheating the system, that is, the starting heater 1103 serves as a heater for heating the circulating water working medium, and the invention is not limited to the specific type of the heater 1103 as long as the water working medium can be heated, such as an electric heater. In the stage of starting preheating, the inside of the preheater 6 and the evaporator 9 is blocked with molten salt working medium, when the system normally operates, the molten salt working medium is introduced into the evaporator 9 and the preheater 6 in sequence, namely the evaporator 9 is used for first-stage heat exchange, and the preheater 6 is used for second-stage heat exchange. The preheating of the system ensures that the molten salt working medium entering the system can not be solidified during normal operation, and can also reduce the thermal stress and thermal shock of equipment.
The preheater 6 is a water working medium-molten salt working medium heat exchanger, and is used for heating the water working medium in the water supply pipeline 102. In the present invention, the preheater 6 does not heat the water medium in the water supply pipe 102 during the start-up phase of the steam generation system, and the preheater 6 heats the water medium in the water supply pipe 102 only when the steam generation system is operating normally.
The evaporator 9 is also a water working medium-molten salt working medium heat exchanger, the evaporator 9 is arranged corresponding to the steam drum 10, and the evaporator is used for evaporating the water working medium in the steam drum 10. In the present invention, during the starting stage of the steam generation system, the evaporator 9 will not evaporate the water medium in the steam drum 10, and only when the steam generation system is operating normally, the evaporator 9 will evaporate the water medium in the steam drum 10. According to the invention, the Venturi nozzle 8 is arranged in the circulation between the evaporator 9 and the steam drum 10, and when the steam generation system operates normally, the evaporator 9 can more effectively complete the evaporation process of the water working medium in the steam drum 10 through the kinetic energy of the water working medium fed in the Venturi nozzle 8.
Feed water source 101 passes through feed water pipe 102 does steam generation system provides required water working medium, feed water pipe 102 respectively with feed water governing valve 2 and feed water bypass governing valve 3 are connected, and when feed water working medium temperature was less than the fused salt freezing point in feed water pipe 102, through close feed water governing valve 2, open feed water bypass governing valve 3, warp feed water bypass pipe 4 is followed nozzle entry 801 gets into in venturi nozzle 8 water working medium in the feed water pipe 102, with the warp the downcomer is followed nozzle mixing entry 802 gets into in the venturi nozzle 8 water working medium in the steam pocket 10 carries out the hybrid heating in the venturi nozzle 8, makes evaporimeter 9 generating system operation is stable.
Two specific examples are described in detail below.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a steam generation system for a solar photo-thermal power plant, the steam generation system provides a water working medium through a water supply unit 1; the steam generating system comprises a preheater 6, a venturi nozzle 8, an evaporator 9, a steam drum 10 and a start-up unit 11.
In the present embodiment, the water supply unit 1 comprises a water supply source 101 and a water supply pipe 102, the water supply source 101 providing water working fluid to the steam generating system through the water supply pipe 102. The water supply source 101 may be connected to the water supply pipe 102 by a control valve, a water supply pump, or the like, so that the on/off of the water supply pipe 102 can be controlled. In order to facilitate the water supply of the water supply source 101 to the steam generating system, in the present embodiment, the water supply source 101 pressurizes the water medium and supplies water to the steam generating system through the water supply pipe 102.
The priming unit 11 includes a priming circulation pump inlet on-off valve 1101, a priming circulation pump 1102 and a priming heater 1103 connected in series by piping, and in this embodiment, the priming circulation pump inlet on-off valve 1101, the priming circulation pump 1102 and the priming heater 1103 are sequentially disposed on a priming circulation pipe 1104 in a water-medium flow direction.
The venturi nozzle 8 comprises a nozzle inlet 801, a nozzle mixing inlet 802 and a nozzle outlet 803:
the water working medium of the water supply source 101 is divided into two water paths after passing through the water supply pipe 102, in this embodiment, the water supply pipe 102 is connected to the nozzle inlet 801 through the two parallel water paths, and the two water paths are respectively:
the first water path comprises a preheater 6 and a feed water regulating valve 2, the preheater 6 is connected with a feed water pipeline 102 through a water inlet pipe 5 of the preheater, and the feed water regulating valve 2 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 5; the preheater 6 communicates with the nozzle inlet 801 of the venturi nozzle 8 via its outlet pipe 7. Specifically, the water inlet of the water inlet pipe 5 of the preheater 6 is connected with the outlet of the water supply pipeline 102, and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 5 of the preheater 6 is connected with the water inlet of the preheater 6. The water inlet of the water outlet pipe 7 of the preheater 6 is connected with the water outlet of the preheater 6, and the water outlet of the water outlet pipe 7 of the preheater 6 is connected with the nozzle inlet 801.
The second water path comprises a water supply bypass pipeline 4 and a water supply bypass adjusting valve 3, the water supply bypass adjusting valve 3 is arranged on the water supply bypass pipeline 4, a water inlet of the water supply bypass pipeline 4 is connected with a water outlet of the water supply pipeline 102, and a water outlet of the water supply bypass pipeline 4 is communicated with a nozzle inlet 801 of the venturi nozzle 8.
The nozzle outlet 803 of the venturi nozzle 8 is connected with the rising pipe of the steam drum 10 through the evaporator 9; the down pipe of the steam pocket 10 is respectively connected with the nozzle mixing inlet 802 of the venturi nozzle 8 and the water inlet of the start circulating pipe 1104, the water outlet of the start circulating pipe 1104 is respectively connected with the water inlet of the water inlet pipe 5 of the preheater 6 or/and the water inlet of the water supply bypass pipe 4 or/and the water supply pipe 102, the embodiment does not specifically limit where the water outlet of the start circulating pipe 1104 is connected, and when the steam generation system is started in a cold state, as long as the water quality can be ensured to sequentially form closed circulation in the water supply regulating valve 2, the preheater 6, the venturi nozzle 8, the evaporator 9, the steam pocket 10, the start circulating pump inlet switch valve 1101, the start circulating pump 1102 and the start heater 1103.
When the steam generation system cold starts, if the steam generation system starts for the first time or starts after long-time shutdown, at this moment, because the steam generation system does not contain any working medium, water working medium is required to be filled into the steam generation system and can be further circulated by molten salt after being heated to a molten salt working medium solidifying point (for the current tower type photo-thermal power station, the molten salt working medium solidifying point is generally regarded as 240 ℃) above, otherwise, the molten salt has a solidifying risk, and the starting operation flow at this moment is as follows:
firstly, a water supply unit 1 is started, a water supply bypass regulating valve 3 is closed, a water supply regulating valve 2 and a starting circulating pump inlet switch valve 1101 are opened, pressurized water working medium flows in a water supply pipeline 102, the water working medium sequentially flows into a preheater 6, a Venturi nozzle 8, an evaporator 9, a steam drum 10, the starting circulating pump inlet switch valve 1101, a starting circulating pump 1102 and a starting heater 1103, when the water working medium liquid level in the steam drum 10 reaches a starting liquid level (when the starting liquid level is reached, the preheater 6 and the evaporator 9 are filled with the water working medium), the starting liquid level in the steam drum 10 is not particularly limited, as long as the water level exists in the steam drum 10, no additional water working medium is provided for the water supply pipeline 102, the water working medium in the steam generating system starts to circulate and heat through the starting circulating pump 1102 and the starting heater 1103 until the water working medium temperature in the steam generating system is higher than the freezing point of molten salt, and finishing the starting of the steam generating system.
After the steam generation system is started, the starting circulation pump inlet switch valve 1101 is closed, the starting circulation pump 1102 and the starting heater 1103 do not work any more, at this time, the steam generation system operates normally, and the water supply pipeline 102 continues to supply water.
When the steam generation system operates normally, the following two conditions are divided into:
1. if the temperature of the water medium in the water supply pipe 102 is lower than the freezing point of the molten salt working medium, the water supply regulating valve 2 is closed, the water supply bypass regulating valve 3 is opened, at this time, the water medium in the water supply pipe 102 enters the venturi nozzle 8 from the nozzle inlet 801 through the water supply bypass pipe 4, the water medium in the steam drum 10 enters the venturi nozzle 8 from the nozzle mixing inlet 802 through the downcomer, and because the temperature of the water medium in the steam drum 10 is higher than that of the water medium in the water supply pipe 102 and the flow rate of the part of the water medium is larger, the water medium in the water supply pipe 102 entering the venturi nozzle 8 from the nozzle inlet 801 through the water supply bypass pipe 4 (the water medium with lower temperature and smaller flow rate) and the water medium in the steam drum 10 entering the venturi nozzle 8 from the nozzle mixing inlet 802 through the downcomer (the water medium with higher temperature and lower flow rate), Great water working medium of flow) mix in the venturi nozzle 8, follow in the mixed water working medium that the nozzle outlet 803 came out gets into evaporimeter 9, because follow the mixed water working medium temperature that the nozzle outlet 803 came out is higher than the fused salt working medium freezing point, consequently, can not cause evaporimeter 9 to suffer from the thermal shock of water working medium, simultaneously, because again in venturi nozzle 8, the water working medium circulation rate of steam pocket 10 to evaporimeter 9 has been accelerated to the kinetic energy of the mixed water working medium of venturi nozzle 8 of flowing through, and then the realization is compared in the bigger circulation rate of natural circulation.
2. If the temperature of the water medium in the water supply pipe 102 is higher than the freezing point of the molten salt medium, the water supply regulating valve 2 is opened, the water supply bypass regulating valve 3 is closed, at this time, the water medium in the water supply pipe 102 enters the preheater 6, is heated by the preheater 6, and then flows into the venturi nozzle 8 through the nozzle inlet 801 of the venturi nozzle 8, and because the water medium in the steam pocket 10 enters the venturi nozzle 8 through the downcomer from the nozzle mixing inlet 802, namely, the water medium in the water supply pipe 102 entering the venturi nozzle 8 through the nozzle mixing inlet 802 after being heated by the preheater 6 and the water medium in the steam pocket 10 entering the venturi nozzle 8 through the nozzle mixing inlet 802 through the downcomer are mixed at the venturi nozzle 8, therefore, the kinetic energy of the water medium flowing through the venturi nozzle 8 accelerates the water medium circulation rate of the steam pocket 10 to the evaporator 9, thereby realizing a larger circulation magnification compared with the natural circulation.
Example 2
The steam generating system provided in this embodiment is different from the steam generating system provided in embodiment 1 in that the preheater 6 in embodiment 1 is connected to the nozzle inlet 801 of the venturi nozzle 8 through the water outlet pipe 7, and the preheater 6 in this embodiment is connected to the water supply pipe of the steam drum 10 through the water outlet pipe 7, please refer to fig. 2.
In this embodiment, when the steam generation system is started in a cold state, the starting operation process is as follows:
firstly, a water supply unit 1 is started, a water supply bypass regulating valve 3 is closed, a water supply regulating valve 2 and a starting circulating pump inlet switch valve 1101 are opened, pressurized water working medium flows in a water supply pipeline 102, the water working medium sequentially flows into a preheater 6, a steam drum 10, a Venturi nozzle 8, an evaporator 9, the steam drum 10, the starting circulating pump inlet switch valve 1101, a starting circulating pump 1102 and a starting heater 1103, when the water working medium liquid level in the steam drum 10 reaches a starting liquid level (when the starting liquid level is reached, the preheater 6 and the evaporator 9 are filled with the water working medium), the starting liquid level in the steam drum 10 is not particularly limited by the invention, as long as the water level in the steam drum 10 is reached), the water supply pipeline 102 does not provide additional water working medium any more, the water working medium in a steam generating system starts to circulate and heat through the starting circulating pump 1102 and the starting heater 1103 which are started until the temperature of the water working medium in the steam generating system is higher than the freezing point of the working medium, and finishing the starting of the steam generating system.
After the steam generation system is started, the starting circulation pump inlet switch valve 1101 is closed, the starting circulation pump 1102 and the starting heater 1103 do not work any more, at this time, the steam generation system operates normally, and the water supply pipeline 102 continues to supply water.
When the steam generation system operates normally, the following two conditions are divided into:
1. if the temperature of the water working medium in the water supply pipeline 102 is lower than the freezing point of the molten salt working medium, the operation process is consistent with that of the embodiment 1, so that the venturi nozzle 8 can be used as steam-water mixed heating equipment when the temperature of the water supply is lower than the freezing point of the molten salt working medium.
2. If when the water working medium temperature in the water supply pipeline 102 is higher than the freezing point of the molten salt working medium, the water supply regulating valve 2 is opened, the water supply bypass regulating valve 3 is closed, at the moment, the water working medium in the water supply pipeline 102 enters the steam pocket 10 after being heated by the preheater 6, and the water working medium in the preheater 6 at the moment does not directly enter the venturi nozzle 8, so the venturi nozzle 8 cannot accelerate the steam-water circulation rate between the steam pocket 10 and the evaporator 9.
Claims (9)
1. A steam generation system for a solar photo-thermal power station is provided with a water working medium through a water supply unit, wherein the water supply unit comprises a water supply source and a water supply pipeline; the steam generation system comprises a preheater, an evaporator, a steam drum and a starting unit, wherein the preheater and the evaporator are both heat exchangers used for heat exchange between a heat storage medium and a water medium; the starting unit comprises a starting circulating pump inlet switch valve, a starting circulating pump and a starting heater, and is characterized in that the steam generating system further comprises a venturi nozzle, and the venturi nozzle comprises a nozzle inlet, a nozzle mixing inlet and a nozzle outlet:
the water supply source is respectively connected with the water inlet of the water inlet pipe of the preheater and the water inlet of the water supply bypass pipeline through the water supply pipeline, and the water inlet pipe of the preheater is provided with a water supply regulating valve; the water outlet of the water supply bypass pipeline is connected with the nozzle inlet, and a water supply bypass regulating valve is arranged on the water supply bypass pipeline;
the preheater is connected with the nozzle inlet or a water supply pipe of the steam pocket through a water outlet pipe of the preheater;
the outlet of the nozzle is connected with the ascending pipe of the steam drum through the evaporator; the down pipes of the steam drum are respectively connected with the nozzle mixing inlet and the starting unit, and the starting unit is connected with the preheater through the water inlet pipe of the preheater.
2. The steam generation system for the solar photothermal power station according to claim 1, wherein said starting unit is connected to the downcomer of said drum and the inlet of the inlet pipe of said preheater through starting circulation pipes, respectively;
the starting circulating pump inlet switch valve, the starting circulating pump and the starting heater are connected in series and are sequentially arranged on the starting circulating pipe according to the flow direction of the water working medium.
3. The steam generating system for a solar photothermal power plant according to claim 1 wherein said venturi nozzle is a device that utilizes the bernoulli effect to achieve accelerated mixing of fluids.
4. A method of operating a steam generation system for a solar photo-thermal power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
when the steam generation system is started in a cold state, the water supply bypass regulating valve is closed, the water supply regulating valve and a starting circulating pump inlet switch valve are opened, and the water supply unit supplies water to the preheater, the evaporator and the steam drum; when the water working medium liquid level in the steam pocket reaches the start liquid level, the water supply unit stops supplying water, starts the starting circulating pump and the starting heater, the water working medium in the steam generation system starts circulating and heating until the water working medium temperature in the steam generation system is higher than the freezing point of the heat storage medium, and the start of the steam generation system is finished.
5. The method for operating the steam generation system of the solar photo-thermal power station according to claim 4, wherein the steam generation system is normally operated and the water supply unit continues to supply water by closing the inlet switch valve of the start circulation pump, the start circulation pump and the start heater after the start of the steam generation system is completed.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein when the steam generation system is operating normally, the method comprises:
if when water working medium temperature in the water supply pipeline is less than the heat-retaining medium freezing point, close the water supply regulating valve, open the water supply bypass regulating valve, this moment, the warp the water supply bypass pipeline is followed the nozzle entry gets into in the venturi nozzle water working medium in the water supply pipeline, with the warp the downcomer is followed nozzle mixing entry gets into in the venturi nozzle water working medium in the steam pocket mix in the venturi nozzle, then follow the nozzle export gets into the evaporimeter.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the temperature of the aqueous medium mixed by the venturi nozzle and flowing out of the nozzle outlet is higher than the freezing point of the heat storage medium.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the outlet pipe of the preheater is connected to the nozzle inlet, and when the steam generation system is operating normally, the method comprises:
if when water working medium temperature in the water supply pipe is higher than the freezing point of heat-retaining medium, open water regulating valve closes water supply bypass governing valve, at this moment, the warp follow behind the preheater heating the nozzle entry gets into in the venturi nozzle water working medium in the water supply pipe, and the warp the downcomer is followed nozzle mixing entry gets into in the venturi nozzle water working medium in the steam pocket the venturi nozzle mixes.
9. The operation method of the steam generation system for the solar photothermal power station according to claim 5, wherein the outlet pipe of the preheater is connected to the water supply pipe of the drum, and when the steam generation system is normally operated, the operation method comprises:
and if the temperature of the water working medium in the water supply pipeline is higher than the freezing point of the heat storage medium, the water supply regulating valve is opened, the water supply bypass regulating valve is closed, and at the moment, the water working medium in the water supply pipeline enters the steam drum after being heated by the preheater.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113513652A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-10-19 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Industrial basket type pipeline heating device and heating method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113513652A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-10-19 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Industrial basket type pipeline heating device and heating method thereof |
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