CN112095541A - Hydraulic model test teaching platform - Google Patents

Hydraulic model test teaching platform Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112095541A
CN112095541A CN202010922755.2A CN202010922755A CN112095541A CN 112095541 A CN112095541 A CN 112095541A CN 202010922755 A CN202010922755 A CN 202010922755A CN 112095541 A CN112095541 A CN 112095541A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
motor
teaching platform
hydraulic model
screw rod
sliding
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CN202010922755.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112095541B (en
Inventor
张守平
沈小玲
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Chongqing Water Resources and Electric Engineering College
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Chongqing Water Resources and Electric Engineering College
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B1/00Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
    • E02B1/02Hydraulic models
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B25/00Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a hydraulic model test teaching platform, which comprises: the simulation runner is provided with a multi-stage step structure with the height reduced equidistantly, and two sides of the simulation runner are provided with symmetrical walking grooves; the movable trolley is arranged in the walking groove; water line measuring mechanism, it includes: two bearing seats; the driving screw rod is rotatably arranged on the two bearing seats; the guide assembly is fixedly arranged on the movable trolley; the three-dimensional movement measuring assembly is slidably arranged on the guide assembly and is in threaded connection with the driving screw rod; the adjusting motor is fixedly arranged on the movable trolley and is connected with the driving screw rod; the acquisition and calculation box is used for controlling the adjusting motor and the moving trolley to act and acquiring and calculating the measurement data of the three-dimensional moving measurement assembly; the power supply is electrically connected with the acquisition and calculation box; and determining the correlation degree between the water surface line height change of the research water flow and the flow capacity parameter in the simulation flow channel with the fixed flow speed.

Description

Hydraulic model test teaching platform
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering teaching demonstration articles, in particular to a hydraulic model test teaching platform.
Background
In the design of hydraulic buildings, in order to judge and analyze the flow capacity of the related overflow weir, gate and spillway discharge, a model with a reduced corresponding scale is adopted for testing, and then the test result is processed and analyzed according to a hydraulic related formula and law to obtain the flow capacity parameter of the actual design working condition.
In teaching, in order to simulate the measurement of the flow capacity parameter, water flows through the simulation flow channel at a preset flow rate, and in order to study the correlation coefficient between the flow capacity parameter and the height difference of the water flowing through the simulation flow channel, the water surface line of the water flow needs to be measured in the simulation flow channel at a fixed flow rate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a hydraulic model test teaching platform, which solves the problem of researching the correlation degree between the water surface line height change and the flow capacity parameter of water flow in a simulation runner with fixed flow speed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hydraulic model test teaching platform, comprising:
the simulation runner is provided with a multi-stage step structure with the height reduced equidistantly, and two sides of the simulation runner are provided with symmetrical walking grooves;
the movable trolley is arranged in the walking groove;
water line measuring mechanism, it includes:
the number of the bearing blocks is two, the two bearing blocks are fixedly arranged on the movable trolley, and the two bearing blocks are arranged along the width direction of the simulation runner;
the driving screw rod is rotatably arranged on the two bearing seats;
the guide assembly is fixedly arranged on one side, far away from the driving screw rod, of the movable trolley;
the three-dimensional movement measuring assembly is slidably mounted on the guide assembly and is in threaded connection with the driving screw rod;
the adjusting motor is fixedly arranged on the movable trolley and is connected with the driving screw rod;
the acquisition and calculation box is internally provided with a single chip microcomputer and a display screen connected with the single chip microcomputer; the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the adjusting motor and the moving trolley to act and collecting and calculating the measurement data of the three-dimensional movement measurement assembly; the acquisition and calculation box is also provided with a plurality of function buttons connected with the single chip microcomputer; and
and the power supply is electrically connected with the singlechip.
In one embodiment, the three-dimensional movement measurement assembly comprises:
the sliding assembly is slidably arranged on the guide assembly and is in threaded connection with the driving screw rod;
the brushless holder motor is arranged on the sliding component;
the lifting linear motor is fixedly arranged on the outer rotor of the brushless holder motor, and the axis of the lifting linear motor is parallel to the axis of the brushless holder motor; and
the laser range finder is fixedly arranged on a telescopic shaft of the lifting linear motor;
the brushless holder motor, the lifting linear motor and the laser range finder are electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer.
In one embodiment, the slide assembly comprises:
the sliding seat is slidably arranged on the movable trolley and is in threaded connection with the driving screw rod;
the guide seat is slidably arranged on the guide assembly and fixedly connected with the sliding seat;
the connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the guide seat and vertically extends downwards;
the mounting part is arranged on the connecting rod and is used for mounting the brushless holder motor; and
and the adjusting support plate is in threaded connection with the mounting part.
In one embodiment, the guide assembly comprises two fixed seats fixed on the moving trolley at intervals, and guide rods in sliding fit with the guide seats are fixedly installed on the two fixed seats.
In one embodiment, the moving trolley comprises a bearing plate and two connecting plates fixedly connected to two sides of the bearing plate;
two rollers positioned at the front and the rear parts of the connecting plates are rotatably arranged on the two connecting plates;
and the bearing plate is provided with a power mechanism for driving two rollers positioned on the same connecting plate to synchronously rotate.
In one embodiment, the power mechanism comprises a bracket fixedly mounted on the bearing plate and a power motor fixedly mounted on the bracket;
a driving synchronous belt pulley is fixed on an output shaft of the power motor;
the two idler wheels on the same connecting plate are both fixedly provided with a passive synchronous belt wheel;
the driving synchronous belt wheel is connected with the driven synchronous belt wheel through a synchronous toothed belt;
the power motor is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer.
In one embodiment, the support is of an inverted L-shaped structure and is of an integrally formed structure, and a raised reinforcing rib is arranged between the vertical plate and the transverse plate of the support.
In an embodiment, the bearing plate is provided with a sliding groove which is located between the two bearing seats and is in sliding fit with the sliding seat.
In one embodiment, the widths of the step structures in the multiple stages are sequentially reduced and in an arithmetic progression.
In one embodiment, an overflow baffle is arranged at the edge of each step structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method comprises the steps of arranging a multi-stage step structure with the height being reduced equidistantly in a simulation flow channel with the fixed flow rate, enabling water flow with the same flow rate to flow on each stage step structure, measuring water surface lines with different heights at a plurality of coordinate points through a water surface line measuring mechanism, and simulating parameters obtained through measurement to form a parameter curve so as to determine influence factors of the water flow with the fixed flow rate on overflowing parameters on the water surface lines with different heights;
2. the position of the horizontal line measuring mechanism is moved by the movable trolley, so that the average value calculation of parameters obtained by collecting a plurality of position points is facilitated, and meanwhile, the transverse moving position of the three-position movable measuring component is adjusted under the action of the adjusting motor, the driving screw rod and the guiding component, so that data obtained by obtaining a plurality of transverse coordinate points at the same position are obtained; and the three-dimensional mobile measurement assembly can obtain a plurality of measurement values in the adjustment of coordinate points of three dimensions, so that more accurate reference values can be obtained in the simulation process, and the accuracy of overcurrent parameter calculation is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water line measuring mechanism mounted on the travelling car;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the mobile cart;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the sliding assembly;
in the figure, the simulation runner 1, the step structure 101, the traveling groove 2, the moving trolley 3, the bearing plate 31, the sliding groove 310, the connecting plate 32, the roller 33, the power mechanism 34, the bracket 341, the power motor 342, the driving synchronous pulley 343, the driven synchronous pulley 344, the synchronous toothed belt 345, the water surface line measuring mechanism 4, the bearing seat 41, the driving screw 42, the guide component 43, the fixed seat 431, the guide rod 432, the three-dimensional movement measuring component 44, the adjusting motor 45, the sliding component 46, the sliding seat 461, the guide seat 462, the connecting rod 463, the mounting part 464, the adjusting support plate 465, the brushless holder motor 47, the lifting linear motor 48, the laser distance meter 49, the acquisition and calculation box 5, the power supply 6 and the overflow baffle 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a hydraulic model test teaching platform, which comprises a simulation flow channel 1, wherein a multi-stage step structure 101 with the height being reduced equidistantly is arranged in the simulation flow channel 1, and two sides of the simulation flow channel 1 are provided with symmetrical walking grooves 2; the travelling trolleys 3 are placed on the travelling grooves 2 at the two sides, so that the travelling trolleys 3 can move under the guiding and limiting action of the travelling grooves 2 and reciprocate along the water flow direction in the simulation runner 1; the measuring device also comprises a water surface line measuring mechanism 4 which is used for measuring the water surface height at the corresponding position, and the plane of the movable trolley 3 is used as a reference surface during measurement to form uniform reference measurement data so as to facilitate data statistics and calculation. The waterline measuring mechanism 4 comprises two bearing seats 41 fixedly arranged on the moving trolley 3, the two bearing seats 41 are arranged along the width direction of the simulation runner 1, and a driving screw rod 42 is rotatably arranged on the two bearing seats 41; a guide component 43 is fixedly arranged on one side of the movable trolley 3 far away from the driving screw rod 42; a three-dimensional movement measuring assembly 44 is slidably mounted on the guide assembly 43, and the three-dimensional movement measuring assembly 44 is in threaded connection with the driving screw rod 42; the movable trolley 3 is also provided with an adjusting motor 45 connected with the driving screw rod 42, and after the adjusting motor 45 drives the driving screw rod 42 to rotate, the whole three-dimensional movement measuring assembly 44 slides on the guide assembly 43, so that the transverse position is adjusted, and the distance measurement is carried out on the water flow surface on the multistage step structure 101; the method has the advantages that the synchronous measurement is carried out on a plurality of coordinate points which move transversely and are arranged on the periphery of the same measuring point, the obtained data can simulate the correlation coefficient between different water surface line heights and overcurrent parameters, and students can test the obtained data and make charts for display in teaching.
The mobile trolley 3 is also provided with an acquisition and calculation box 5 and a power supply 6, wherein the acquisition and calculation box 5 is internally provided with a single chip microcomputer and a display screen connected with the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the movement of the adjusting motor 45 and the mobile trolley 3, and simultaneously acquiring and calculating the measurement data of the three-dimensional movement measurement component 44, and the measurement data is displayed on the display screen after conversion calculation, so that the recording is convenient; the acquisition and calculation box 5 is also provided with a plurality of function buttons connected with the singlechip, so that the adjustment or the starting is convenient; and after the power supply 6 is electrically connected with the singlechip, the power-on state of other electric equipment is controlled by the singlechip.
When the water surface height is measured, data measurement is mainly performed through a three-dimensional movement measurement assembly 44, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 or fig. 3, the three-dimensional movement measurement assembly 44 includes a sliding assembly 46 slidably mounted on the guide assembly 43 and in threaded connection with the driving screw rod 42, a brushless pan-tilt motor 47 is fixedly mounted on the sliding assembly 46, a lifting linear motor 48 is fixedly mounted on an outer rotor of the brushless pan-tilt motor 47, and the lifting linear motor 48 is parallel to the axis of the brushless pan-tilt motor 47; meanwhile, a laser distance meter 49 is fixedly arranged on a telescopic shaft of the lifting linear motor 48, and the height of the water surface is measured through the laser distance meter 49; the rotating angle of the lifting linear motor 48 is adjusted through the brushless holder motor 47, and the height of the laser range finder 49 is adjusted through the lifting linear motor 48, so that three-dimensional coordinate adjustment of the laser range finder 49 is realized, and the requirement of adjusting and positioning a measuring point during measurement is met; the brushless holder motor 47, the lifting linear motor 48 and the laser range finder 49 are electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer, comprehensive regulation and control can be carried out during specific measurement, and specific coordinate points of the laser range finder 49 are mainly regulated.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the sliding assembly 46 includes a sliding seat 461 slidably mounted on the moving trolley 3 and in threaded connection with the driving screw 42, and a guiding seat 462 slidably mounted on the guiding assembly 43 and fixedly connected to the sliding seat 461; fixed mounting has downwardly extending's connecting rod 463 on guide holder 462 to be equipped with the installation department 464 that is used for installing brushless cloud platform motor 47 on connecting rod 463, be equipped with threaded connection's regulation backup pad 465 on installation department 464, support and lock brushless cloud platform motor 47 through adjusting backup pad 465.
As shown in fig. 1, the guide assembly 43 includes two fixing bases 431 fixed on the moving trolley 3 at intervals, and a guide rod 432 in sliding fit with the guide base 462 is fixedly mounted on the two fixing bases 431, and the guide assembly 43 is fixedly mounted on the moving trolley 3 to support and guide the guide base 462, thereby facilitating the limit guidance of the lateral position of the three-dimensional movement measuring assembly 44 on the moving trolley 3.
The whole device moves mainly along the water flow direction in the simulation flow channel 1 by the movement of the movable trolley 3, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 4, the movable trolley 3 comprises a bearing plate 31 and two connecting plates 32 fixedly connected to both sides of the bearing plate 31, two rollers 33 positioned at the front and rear parts of the connecting plates 32 are rotatably mounted on the two connecting plates 32, and a power mechanism 34 for driving the two rollers 33 positioned on the same connecting plate 32 to synchronously rotate is arranged on the bearing plate 31; the roller 33 is driven by the power mechanism 34 to move the entire cart in the travel groove 2.
The power mechanism 34 comprises a bracket 341 fixedly mounted on the bearing plate 31 and a power motor 342 fixedly mounted on the bracket 341, and an output shaft of the power motor 342 is fixed with a driving synchronous pulley 343, and two rollers 33 on the same connecting plate 32 are both fixedly mounted with a driven synchronous pulley 344; the driving synchronous belt wheel 343 is connected with the driven synchronous belt wheel 344 through the synchronous belt 345, the power motor 342 is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer, and when the power motor 342 runs, the power is transmitted through the synchronous belt 345 to enable the roller 33 to rotate, so that the whole movable trolley 3 moves.
In order to facilitate the installation of the power motor 342 and provide good bearing capacity, the output shaft of the power motor 342 extends out of the movable trolley 3, the support 341 is of an inverted L-shaped structure and is of an integrally formed structure, a raised reinforcing rib is arranged between the vertical plate and the transverse plate of the support 341, and the power motor 342 is installed through the transverse plate and the condition that the interference does not occur in the operation process is ensured.
Meanwhile, the bearing plate 31 is provided with a sliding chute 310 which is located between the two bearing seats 41 and is in sliding fit with the sliding seat 461, so that the sliding of the sliding seat 461 is guided and limited.
In order to facilitate the influence of the water surface height change brought by the equidistant change of the formation in the analog measurement on the measurement parameters, the width of the multi-stage step structure 101 is sequentially reduced and becomes an arithmetic progression, thereby being convenient for control the water flow surface height on the step structure 101, and the edge of each stage of step structure 101 is provided with an overflow baffle 7, the water flow surface height on the step structure 101 is adjusted to a certain extent through the overflow baffle 7, so as to ensure that the water flow surface height on each stage of step structure 101 meets the analog requirement.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic model test teaching platform which characterized in that includes:
the simulation flow channel (1) is provided with a multi-stage step structure (101) with the height being reduced equidistantly, and two sides of the simulation flow channel (1) are provided with symmetrical walking grooves (2);
the moving trolley (3), the moving trolley (3) is arranged in the walking groove (2);
waterline measuring mechanism (4), it includes:
the number of the bearing blocks (41) is two, the two bearing blocks are fixedly arranged on the mobile trolley (3), and the two bearing blocks (41) are arranged in the width direction of the simulation runner (1);
the driving screw rod (42) is rotatably arranged on the two bearing blocks (41);
the guide assembly (43) is fixedly arranged on one side, far away from the driving screw rod (42), of the mobile trolley (3);
a three-dimensional movement measuring assembly (44) slidably mounted on the guide assembly (43) and threadedly connected to the drive screw (42);
the adjusting motor (45) is fixedly arranged on the mobile trolley (3) and is connected with the driving screw rod (42);
the acquisition and calculation box (5) is internally provided with a singlechip and a display screen connected with the singlechip; the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the adjusting motor (45) and the moving trolley (3) to act, and collecting and calculating the measurement data of the three-dimensional movement measurement component (44); the acquisition and calculation box (5) is also provided with a plurality of function buttons connected with the single chip microcomputer; and
and the power supply (6) is electrically connected with the singlechip.
2. The hydraulic model experiment teaching platform according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional movement measuring assembly (44) comprises:
a sliding component (46) which is arranged on the guide component (43) in a sliding way and is connected with the driving screw rod (42) in a threaded way;
a brushless pan-tilt motor (47) mounted on the sliding assembly (46);
the lifting linear motor (48) is fixedly arranged on the outer rotor of the brushless tripod head motor (47), and the axis of the lifting linear motor is parallel to the axis of the brushless tripod head motor (47); and
the laser range finder (49) is fixedly arranged on a telescopic shaft of the lifting linear motor (48);
the brushless holder motor (47), the lifting linear motor (48) and the laser range finder (49) are electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer.
3. A hydraulic model experiment teaching platform according to claim 2, characterized in that the sliding assembly (46) comprises:
the sliding seat (461) is slidably arranged on the movable trolley (3) and is in threaded connection with the driving screw rod (42);
a guide seat (462) which is slidably mounted on the guide assembly (43) and is fixedly connected with the sliding seat (461);
a connecting rod (463) fixedly installed on the guide holder (462) and vertically extending downward;
a mounting part (464) provided on the connecting rod (463) and used for mounting the brushless pan/tilt motor (47); and
an adjustment support plate (465) threadedly connected with the mounting portion (464).
4. A hydraulic model experiment teaching platform according to claim 3, characterized in that the guiding component (43) comprises two fixed seats (431) fixed on the mobile trolley (3) at intervals, and a guiding rod (432) matched with the guiding seat (462) in a sliding way is fixedly arranged on the two fixed seats (431).
5. The hydraulic model test teaching platform as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the moving trolley (3) comprises a bearing plate (31) and two connecting plates (32) fixedly connected to two sides of the bearing plate (31);
two rollers (33) positioned at the front part and the rear part of the connecting plate (32) are rotatably arranged on the two connecting plates (32);
and a power mechanism (34) for driving two rollers (33) positioned on the same connecting plate (32) to synchronously rotate is arranged on the bearing plate (31).
6. The hydraulic model test teaching platform as claimed in claim 5, wherein the power mechanism (34) comprises a bracket (341) fixedly mounted on the bearing plate (31) and a power motor (342) fixedly mounted on the bracket (341);
a driving synchronous pulley (343) is fixed on an output shaft of the power motor (342);
the two idler wheels (33) on the same connecting plate (32) are both fixedly provided with a driven synchronous belt wheel (344);
the driving synchronous pulley (343) is connected with the driven synchronous pulley (344) through a synchronous toothed belt (345);
the power motor (342) is electrically connected with the singlechip.
7. The hydraulic model test teaching platform as claimed in claim 6, wherein the bracket (341) is of an inverted "L" shaped structure and is of an integrally formed structure, and a raised reinforcing rib is arranged between a vertical plate and a horizontal plate of the bracket (341).
8. The hydraulic model test teaching platform as claimed in claim 5, wherein the bearing plate (31) is provided with a sliding groove (310) which is located between the two bearing seats (41) and is in sliding fit with the sliding seat (461).
9. The hydraulic model test teaching platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the widths of the multistage step structures (101) are sequentially reduced and in an arithmetic progression.
10. The hydraulic model test teaching platform as claimed in claim 9, wherein an overflow baffle (7) is arranged at the edge of each step structure (101).
CN202010922755.2A 2020-09-04 2020-09-04 Hydraulic model test teaching platform Active CN112095541B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113273535A (en) * 2021-05-06 2021-08-20 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 River coastal zone habitat simulation system convenient for adjusting gradient of flow channel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104452651A (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-03-25 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 River flow bed hydraulic model
JP2016099140A (en) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-30 朝日航洋株式会社 Water bottom observation system
CN106544983A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-03-29 山东大学 A kind of hydraulic model test water surface curve and flow rate measuring device and method
CN106840315A (en) * 2017-03-15 2017-06-13 山东大学 A kind of hydraulic model test water surface curve self-operated measuring unit and method
CN207457491U (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-06-05 山西省水利水电科学研究院 A kind of hydraulic model test flow field survey device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104452651A (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-03-25 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 River flow bed hydraulic model
JP2016099140A (en) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-30 朝日航洋株式会社 Water bottom observation system
CN106544983A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-03-29 山东大学 A kind of hydraulic model test water surface curve and flow rate measuring device and method
CN106840315A (en) * 2017-03-15 2017-06-13 山东大学 A kind of hydraulic model test water surface curve self-operated measuring unit and method
CN207457491U (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-06-05 山西省水利水电科学研究院 A kind of hydraulic model test flow field survey device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113273535A (en) * 2021-05-06 2021-08-20 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 River coastal zone habitat simulation system convenient for adjusting gradient of flow channel

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