CN112088255A

CN112088255A - Friction plate

Info

Publication number: CN112088255A
Application number: CN201980025502.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: V·弗格; F·尼克尔; D·皮林格尔; G·沙钦格
Original assignee: Miba Frictec GmbH
Current assignee: Miba Frictec GmbH
Priority date: 2018-04-25
Filing date: 2019-04-18
Publication date: 2020-12-15
Also published as: DE112019002109A5; DE202018002101U1; WO2019204844A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a friction disk having a flat support ring (5) having a first surface (6) and a second surface (7), wherein an annular friction lining (8) is arranged on the first surface (6), and at least one passage (13) is formed in the first friction lining (8) in the axial direction (4), which passage also extends through the support ring (5) in the axial direction (4), wherein the passage (13) is formed at a distance from an inner circumference (15) of the support ring and at a distance from an outer circumference (14) of the support ring (5).

Description

Friction plate

Technical Field

The invention relates to a friction lining having a flat carrier ring with a first surface and a second surface, wherein an annular friction lining is arranged on the first surface.

Background

Friction plates for plate friction systems are known per se from the prior art. The friction linings can be implemented with or without friction linings. The friction plate can further be configured as an outer plate or an inner plate. The friction linings are located on the friction lining carrier and are brought into frictional engagement with one another as required by the actuating device.

As friction linings, annular diffusion-sintered friction linings or composite friction linings are frequently used. The composite friction lining can also be implemented in sections.

It is also known that: the friction lining is given a surface structure in the form of a groove in order to improve the cooling of the friction lining by means of oil.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a friction lining which has a lower weight than known friction linings.

This object is achieved in the first-mentioned friction lining by the fact that at least one through-opening is formed in the first friction lining in the axial direction, which through-opening also extends through the bearing ring in the axial direction, wherein the through-opening is formed at a distance from the inner circumference of the bearing ring and at a distance from the outer circumference of the bearing ring.

Material is saved by the arrangement of the entire friction lining in the axial direction by the at least one through-opening, as a result of which the friction lining has a lower weight. It was surprisingly determined here that: the friction linings according to the invention have no or only an insignificant deterioration with respect to performance compared with friction linings of completely annular design known. However, the reduction in the amount of material used not only reduces the weight of the friction lining, but can also be accompanied by a reduction in the costs for producing the friction lining.

According to one embodiment of the friction lining, it can be provided that: instead of a friction lining being provided on only one side of the carrier ring, a second friction lining is provided on the second surface of the carrier ring, and at least one passage is formed in the second friction lining in the axial direction, which passage also extends through the carrier ring and the first friction lining in the axial direction, wherein the passage is formed at a distance from the inner circumference of the carrier ring and at a distance from the outer circumference of the carrier ring. The aforementioned effect can thus also be achieved for friction plates acting in both directions.

Preferably, according to a further embodiment variant, the first friction lining is a diffusion-sintered friction lining and/or the second friction lining is a diffusion-sintered friction lining, since they have a low compressibility. The at least one penetration can therefore be implemented largely without loss of performance, which is associated with a low material consumption.

According to a further embodiment of the friction lining, the passage section can have a circular or drop-shaped or oval or polygonal or slot-shaped cross section, viewed in the axial direction. Due to the variability of the shape of the breakthrough portions, the friction properties of the friction lining can be adapted better to friction linings in the form of a full ring, i.e. without the at least one breakthrough portion.

In order to further improve the above-mentioned effect, according to a further embodiment variant of the friction lining, it can be provided that: a plurality of through portions extending through the friction plates in the axial direction are configured. It has proven advantageous here to: according to one embodiment of the friction lining, the number of passages is selected from the range of 2 to 50, in particular from 2 to 22.

In order to better avoid damage to the friction lining in the region of the breakthrough, according to one embodiment: the edge of the first and/or second friction lining is connected to the at least one passage and is formed obliquely. Furthermore, the flow characteristics of the cooling fluid can be improved by the penetration.

The better adaptability of the tribology property of the friction plate and the tribology property of the whole ring is realized: the friction lining is constructed according to at least one of the following embodiments:

-a plurality of penetrations having different face extensions and/or different shapes is provided,

the plurality of penetrations are configured at different radial heights;

-a plurality of penetrations are configured in the same radial direction.

Drawings

The invention is explained in detail with the aid of the following figures in order to better understand the invention.

In the respectively simplified schematic diagram:

FIG. 1 shows a side view of a portion of a friction plate pack;

FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment variant of a friction plate;

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment variant of a friction plate;

FIG. 4 shows different embodiments of friction plates;

fig. 5 shows a detail of an embodiment variant of the friction lining in a sectional side view.

Detailed Description

First of all, it is pointed out that: in the different described embodiments, identical components are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosure contained in the entire description can be transferred to identical components having the same reference numerals or the same component names in a meaningful manner. The positional references selected in the description, for example upper, lower, lateral, etc., also refer to the directly described and illustrated figures and are to be understood as meaning the new position when the position is changed.

Fig. 1 shows a detail of a friction plate pack 1. The disk pack 1 has a plurality of inner disks 2 and a plurality of outer disks 3, which may also be referred to as friction disks. The inner sheets 2 are arranged alternately with the outer sheets 3 in the axial direction 4. Via a corresponding actuating mechanism, the inner plate 2 can be adjusted relative to the outer plate 3 in the axial direction 4, so that a friction lock is formed between the inner plate 2 and the outer plate 3. The inner sheet 2 has an at least substantially flat support ring 5 with a first surface 6 and a second surface 7 opposite the first surface in the axial direction 4. Friction linings 8 are arranged on the first and/or

second surface

6, 7. The inner plate 2 is a so-called lining plate.

The outer plate 3 likewise has at least approximately annular friction plate bodies 9, which in the embodiment variant shown do not have friction linings 8. The outer plate 3 is a so-called counter plate, which can be brought into frictional engagement with the friction lining 8 of the inner plate 2. However, the following possibilities also exist: the friction lining 8 is arranged on the outer plate 3, in particular when no friction lining 8 is arranged on the inner plate 2.

Preferably, the bearing ring 5 of the inner plate 2 and/or the friction plate body 9 of the outer plate 3 are made of or comprise steel. However, they can also be made of other suitable materials, in particular metals, for example sintered materials.

This principle configuration of the friction plate pack 1 is known from the prior art. For further details, reference is therefore made to the relevant prior art.

The disk pack 1 is part of a disk friction system, such as a (wet-running) disk clutch, a brake, a holding device, a differential locking device or the like.

Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment variant of a friction lining, as is used or can be used in the friction lining pack 1 according to fig. 1. In particular the inner sheet 2 is shown. However, the friction plate may also be the outer plate 3 (fig. 1).

The friction linings are provided in particular for what is known as wet operation.

The friction lining can have at least one driving element 11, for example in the form of an internal toothing, on the radially inner end face 10.

Mention will be made here of: the outer plate 3 may also have at least one driving element on a radially outer end face. Thus, if the friction lining according to fig. 2 is to be designed as the outer lining 3, the at least one driving element is arranged on the radially outer end face of the friction lining.

Via the driver element 11, a rotationally fixed connection to other components of the plate friction system (for example the shaft in the case of the inner plate 2 or the housing of the plate friction system in the case of the outer plate 3) can be established, as is known per se.

It is also possible that: the inner plate 2 or the outer plate 3 is designed as a so-called freely movable friction plate, without such a driving element 11. The bearing ring 5 (fig. 1) of the friction lining is designed to be closed in the circumferential direction 12.

It is to be noted here that: in the case of the friction lining being the outer plate 3 (fig. 1), the following embodiment for the bearing ring 5 can also be applied to the friction lining bodies 9 of the outer plate 3, provided they are constructed according to the invention.

The support ring 5 is preferably constructed in one piece. But it is also possible: the support ring 5 is assembled from a plurality of interconnected segments.

As already mentioned, a first friction lining 8 (fig. 1) is arranged on the first surface 6 of the support ring 5 and is connected thereto. As can be seen from fig. 2, the first friction lining 8 is preferably arranged over the entire first surface 6 of the support ring 5. Furthermore, the first friction lining 8 preferably extends continuously in the circumferential direction 12, but is preferably likewise of annular design. Preferably, only the first friction lining 8 is arranged on the first surface 6 of the support ring 5.

In the preferred embodiment variant, the first friction lining 8 is a diffusion-sintered friction lining. The diffusion sintering technique is known per se from the prior art, so that reference is made here to the prior art for further details of this technique. Mention is made here only of: the sintering powder suitable for the friction lining is spread onto the supporting ring 5 to be prepared and sintered onto the supporting ring 5. After this, the lining is compacted and pressed into the grooves of the friction lining for cooling. The liner may then be subjected to a second sintering. If necessary, post-processing, for example, calibration of the friction linings, deburring, etc., takes place.

As sintering powder, the materials known from the prior art for diffusion sintering of the lining can be used.

According to one embodiment of the friction lining, a second friction lining 8 (fig. 1) can be provided on the second surface 7 of the carrier ring 5 (fig. 1) alternatively or in addition to the first friction lining 8. According to a further embodiment of the friction lining, the second friction lining 8 is preferably also a diffusion-sintered lining. The previously described embodiment of the first friction lining 5 can therefore also be transferred to the second friction lining 8.

As can be seen from fig. 2, at least one through-opening 13 is provided or formed in the friction linings 8 and the support ring 5 of the friction lining (fig. 1), said through-opening extending in the axial direction 4 (fig. 1) through the friction linings 8 and the support ring 5 in succession. The through-openings 13 of the friction linings 8 are formed in alignment with the through-openings 13 of the bearing ring 5. Furthermore, the breakthrough 13 is formed not only by the outer circumference 14 of the bearing ring but also by the inner circumference 15 of the bearing ring 5. The passage section 13 is therefore closed over the entire circumference (as viewed in the axial direction 4), as can be seen from fig. 2.

As long as the second friction lining 8 described above is also arranged on the bearing ring 5, at least one passage 13 is preferably also arranged or formed in the bearing ring. The embodiment of the breakthrough portions 13 used in the first friction lining 8 applies analogously also to this breakthrough portion 13 in the second friction lining 8. This passage 13 is formed in alignment with the first friction lining and the passage 13 in the bearing ring 5.

Although in the above-described embodiment variants of the friction linings only one passage 13 is formed in the first friction lining 8 and the carrier ring 5 and/or only one passage 13 is formed in the second friction lining 8 and the carrier ring 5, according to a further embodiment variant of the friction lining it is preferred that: a plurality of passages 13 are formed in the first friction lining 8 and the carrier ring 5 and/or a plurality of passages 13 are formed in the second friction lining 8 and the carrier ring 5. In this case, a plurality of passages 13 are formed which extend through the friction linings in the axial direction 4. In particular, the number of breakthrough portions 13 may be selected from the range of 2 to 50, preferably from the range of 2 to 22. In general, the number of penetrations may be selected from the range of 1x to 10 x, where x is defined as the ratio of the diameter of the support ring 5 on the outer circumference 14/the maximum width of the support ring 4 in the radial direction 16 (fig. 4).

In the embodiment variant of the friction lining shown in fig. 2, the through-openings 13 have a circular cross-section (viewed in the axial direction 4). However, the breakthrough portion 13 or the breakthrough portions 13 can also have other cross-sectional shapes (viewed in the axial direction 4), as can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, which show other embodiments of the friction lining. For example, the one or the plurality of breakthrough portions 13 may have an oval or drop-shaped (fig. 3) or elliptical or polygonal, for example triangular, quadrangular, hexagonal or slit-shaped cross section, as viewed in the axial direction 4. The slot-like passage section 13 can be of wave-like or linear design, as can be seen from fig. 4.

The plurality of breakthrough portions 13 can all be embodied identically with regard to their size, i.e. their surface extent and their shape in cross section, viewed in the axial direction 4. However, the following possibilities also exist: a plurality of openings 13 having different surface extensions and/or different shapes are provided, as is shown by way of example in the lower right quadrant of the friction lining in fig. 4.

Furthermore, the following possibilities exist: the plurality of openings 13 are formed at different radial heights, as is shown by way of example in the lower left quadrant of the friction lining in fig. 4. In this case, the plurality of openings 13 can also be formed in the same radial direction, as is shown in the transition from the lower left quadrant of the friction lining to the upper left quadrant thereof in fig. 4. In the last-mentioned embodiment variant of the friction lining, it is possible to: all penetrations 13 of the same radial direction have the same size or different sizes. The breakthrough portions 13 may, for example, extend over a large area from the inside to the outside.

Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of a friction lining in some sections, wherein the edge 17 of the first and/or second friction lining 8 is designed obliquely to the at least one breakthrough 13.

The exemplary embodiments described show possible embodiments of the friction linings, wherein it is to be noted here that: combinations of the individual embodiment variants with one another are also possible.

Finally, according to the regulations: for a better understanding of the construction of the friction plates, they are not necessarily shown to scale.

List of reference numerals

1 friction plate group

2 inner sheet

3 outer sheet

4 axial direction

5 support ring

6 surface of

7 surface of

8 Friction lining

9 Friction sheet body

10 end face

11 driving element

12 circumferential direction

13 penetration part

14 outer circumference

15 inner circumference

16 radial direction

17 edge

Claims

1. Friction lining with a flat support ring (5) having a first surface (6) and a second surface (7), wherein an annular friction lining (8) is arranged on the first surface (6), characterized in that at least one through-opening (13) is formed in the first friction lining (8) in the axial direction (4), which through-opening also extends through the support ring (5) in the axial direction (4), wherein the through-opening (13) is formed at a distance from an inner circumference (15) of the support ring and at a distance from an outer circumference (14) of the support ring (5).

2. A friction lining as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a second friction lining (8) is provided on the second surface (7) of the carrier ring (5), and in that at least one through-opening (13) is formed in the second friction lining (8) in the axial direction (4), which through-opening also extends in the axial direction (4) through the carrier ring (5) and the first friction lining (8), wherein the through-opening (13) is formed at a distance from the inner periphery (15) of the carrier ring and at a distance from the outer periphery (14) of the carrier ring (5).

3. A friction plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first friction lining (8) is a diffusion sintered friction lining.

4. A friction plate according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the second friction lining (8) is a diffusion sintered friction lining.

5. A friction plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said through going portions (13) have a circular or drop-shaped or oval or polygonal or slit-shaped cross section as seen in the axial direction (4).

6. A friction plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a plurality of through-going portions (13) are configured which extend through the friction plate in the axial direction (4).

7. A friction plate according to claim 6, characterized in that the number of said breakthrough portions (13) is selected from the range of 2 to 50, in particular from 2 to 22.

8. A friction plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the edge (17) of the first and/or second friction lining (8) is obliquely formed in connection with the at least one breakthrough portion (13).

9. A friction plate according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein a plurality of through-penetrations (13) of different face extension and/or shape are provided.

10. A friction plate according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that said plurality of through-penetrations (13) are configured at different radial heights.

11. A friction plate according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that a plurality of through-penetrations (13) are configured in the same radial direction.