CN112087270A - Antenna array and communication equipment for reciprocity calibration of MIMO (multiple input multiple output) system - Google Patents

Antenna array and communication equipment for reciprocity calibration of MIMO (multiple input multiple output) system Download PDF

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CN112087270A
CN112087270A CN202010814893.9A CN202010814893A CN112087270A CN 112087270 A CN112087270 A CN 112087270A CN 202010814893 A CN202010814893 A CN 202010814893A CN 112087270 A CN112087270 A CN 112087270A
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bearing surface
communication
antenna
center point
antennas
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屈代明
黄家豪
汪志冰
何辉
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Shanghai Road Bio Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Road Bio Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
    • H04B17/12—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems

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Abstract

The invention provides an antenna array and communication equipment for reciprocity calibration of a MIMO system. Wherein, the antenna array includes: a calibration antenna and a plurality of communication antennas; the plurality of communication antennas are divided into two groups, one group of communication antennas form a top bearing surface and are vertically installed around the top bearing surface upwards, the other group of communication antennas form a bottom bearing surface and are vertically installed around the bottom bearing surface downwards, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are parallel to each other and have the same shape, and the projections of the same group of communication antennas on the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface are uniformly distributed; the calibration antenna is vertically arranged at the center of the bearing surface at the top upwards or at the center of the bearing surface at the bottom downwards; the distance between the center points of every two communication antennas is larger than or equal to half wavelength of the antenna array when in work. The invention can successfully finish the reciprocity calibration of the calibration antenna in the antenna array and obtain an accurate calibration factor.

Description

Antenna array and communication equipment for reciprocity calibration of MIMO (multiple input multiple output) system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna array and a communication device for reciprocity calibration of a MIMO system.
Background
In a large-scale Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system, a Time Division Duplex (TDD) communication mode is mostly used, so that uplink and downlink are transmitted in different Time slots of the same frequency resource. Therefore, the channel fading experienced by the uplink and downlink transmission signals can be considered to be the same during the coherence time. In an actual MIMO system using the TDD communication scheme, a signal transmission channel includes not only an uplink and a downlink in the air but also a transmission/reception link of hardware inside a base station. However, due to differences in the process of the transceiving links, the overall uplink channel and the overall downlink channel of the MIMO system are not reciprocal, and if the base station directly regards the state of the overall uplink channel as the state of the overall downlink channel, the performance of the MIMO system is reduced. The core idea of the present effective channel reciprocity calibration method is that a path of reference and an auxiliary calibration module with fixed position on the base station are utilized to realize the calibration of the relative channel reciprocity of the base station through the wireless transmission of training symbols.
In a large-scale MIMO system, a base station is configured with an antenna array including a large number of antennas, the antenna array includes a plurality of antennas, the plurality of antennas includes a calibration antenna and a plurality of communication antennas, and since an arrangement manner between the calibration antenna and the plurality of communication antennas may affect wireless transmission quality of training symbols of the calibration antenna and the plurality of communication antennas, and the wireless transmission quality of the training symbols of the calibration antenna and the plurality of communication antennas may affect accuracy of reciprocity calibration. Therefore, it is an urgent need to provide an antenna array capable of improving the accuracy of reciprocity calibration.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna array and a communication device for reciprocity calibration of a MIMO system.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna array for reciprocity calibration of a MIMO system, including:
a calibration antenna and a plurality of communication antennas; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the communication antennas are divided into two groups, one group of the communication antennas form a top bearing surface and are vertically installed upwards around the top bearing surface, the other group of the communication antennas form a bottom bearing surface and are vertically installed downwards around the bottom bearing surface, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are parallel to each other and have the same shape, and the projections of the same group of the communication antennas on the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface are uniformly distributed;
the calibration antenna is vertically arranged at the center of the top bearing surface upwards or at the center of the bottom bearing surface downwards;
the distance between the center points of every two communication antennas is larger than or equal to half wavelength of the antenna array during working.
Further, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both circular surfaces or regular N-sided surfaces, where N is an integer greater than 2.
Furthermore, the projections of the two groups of communication antennas on the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface are mutually staggered or mutually overlapped.
Further, the number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both square surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are arranged at four vertices of the top bearing surface, and the other four communication antennas are arranged at the center points of four sides of the bottom bearing surface;
Figure BDA0002632321970000021
wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1Height of the communication antenna, d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000031
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
Further, d12＝d23＝d13，
Figure BDA0002632321970000032
Further, the number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both circular surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edge of the top bearing surface, the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edge of the bottom bearing surface, and the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface are staggered with each other;
Figure BDA0002632321970000033
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002632321970000034
Figure BDA0002632321970000035
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002632321970000036
wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), r is the radius of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, h1Height of the communication antenna, d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000037
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
Further, d12＝d23＝d13，
Figure BDA0002632321970000038
Further, the number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are all regular octagonal surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are uniformly arranged at the midpoints of eight sides of the top bearing surface, the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged at the midpoints of eight sides of the bottom bearing surface, and the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface are staggered with each other;
Figure BDA0002632321970000039
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002632321970000041
Figure BDA0002632321970000042
wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1For the height of the communication antenna, x represents the distance between the corresponding position of the root of the communication antenna (2) on the bottom bearing surface and the root of the communication antenna (1), y represents the distance between the corresponding position of the root of the communication antenna (2) on the bottom bearing surface and the root of the communication antenna (3), and d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000043
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
Further, d12＝d23＝d13，
Figure BDA0002632321970000044
Further, the number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both square surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are arranged at four vertices of the top bearing surface, and the other four communication antennas are arranged at four vertices of the bottom bearing surface;
Figure BDA0002632321970000045
d23＝b+h1，d13a, wherein d12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1Height of the communication antenna, d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000046
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
Further, the number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both circular surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edge of the top bearing surface, the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edge of the bottom bearing surface, and the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface are overlapped with each other;
Figure BDA0002632321970000051
d23＝b+h1，
Figure BDA0002632321970000052
wherein the content of the first and second substances,d12represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), r is the radius of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, h1Height of the communication antenna, d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000053
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
Further, the number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are all regular octagonal surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are uniformly arranged at the midpoints of eight sides of the top bearing surface, the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged at the midpoints of eight sides of the bottom bearing surface, and the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface are mutually overlapped; d12＝b+h1，
Figure BDA0002632321970000054
Figure BDA0002632321970000055
Wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1For the height of the communication antenna, x represents the distance between the corresponding position of the root of the communication antenna (2) on the bottom bearing surface and the root of the communication antenna (1), and y represents the corresponding position of the root of the communication antenna (2) on the bottom bearing surfaceDistance between the root of the communication antenna (3), d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000056
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device for reciprocity calibration of a MIMO system, where the communication device includes a chassis and the antenna array.
The antenna array and the communication equipment for the reciprocity calibration of the MIMO system provided by the embodiment of the invention can ensure that the transmission performance of training symbols of two groups of communication antennas is very close to that of calibration antennas, the transmission signal strength with some antennas is not strong, and the transmission signal strength with other antennas is not weak, so that the calibration antennas can successfully finish the reciprocity calibration in the antenna array, and accurate calibration factors are obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a modified structure of the antenna array shown in fig. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a modified structure of the antenna array shown in fig. 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a modified structure of the antenna array shown in fig. 3.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 6.
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna array for calibrating the reciprocity of an MIMO system, which comprises: a calibration antenna and a plurality of communication antennas; the communication antennas are divided into two groups, one group of the communication antennas form a top bearing surface and are vertically installed on the periphery of the top bearing surface upwards, the other group of the communication antennas form a bottom bearing surface and are vertically installed on the periphery of the bottom bearing surface downwards, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are parallel to each other and have the same shape, and the projections of the communication antennas of the same group on the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface are uniformly distributed; the calibration antenna is vertically arranged at the center of the top bearing surface upwards or at the center of the bottom bearing surface downwards; the distance between the center points of every two communication antennas is larger than or equal to half wavelength of the antenna array during working.
Further, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both circular surfaces or regular N-sided surfaces, where N is an integer greater than 2.
Furthermore, the projections of the two groups of communication antennas on the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface are mutually staggered or mutually overlapped.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both square surfaces, and four communication antennas are arranged on the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface of the first antenna arrayFour other communication antennas are arranged at the central points of the four edges of the bottom bearing surface;
Figure BDA0002632321970000071
Figure BDA0002632321970000072
wherein d is12Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 1 and the center point of the communication antenna 2, d23Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 2 and the center point of the communication antenna 3, d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 1 and the center point of the communication antenna 3, d19Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 1 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d29Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 2 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1Height of the communication antenna, h2To calibrate the height of the antenna, d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000081
d19＝d39＝d59＝d79，d29＝d49＝d69＝d89(ii) a Wherein d is39Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 3 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d59Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 5 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d79Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 7 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d49Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 4 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d69Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 6 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d89Representing the distance between the centre point of the communication antenna 8 and the centre point of the calibration antenna 9, and λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
Further, d12＝d23＝d13Then, the process of the present invention,
Figure BDA0002632321970000082
therefore, for the four vertexes of the bottom bearing surface, the three antennas closest to each vertex are equal in distance to each other; d19＝d39＝d59＝d79，d29＝d49＝d69＝d89Therefore, the calibration antenna is located at the center of the top bearing surface, and is equidistant from the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and equidistant from the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both circular surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edges of the top bearing surface, the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edges of the bottom bearing surface, and the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface are staggered with each other;
Figure BDA0002632321970000083
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002632321970000084
Figure BDA0002632321970000085
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002632321970000086
Figure BDA0002632321970000087
wherein d is12Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 1 and the center point of the communication antenna 2, d23Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 2 and the center point of the communication antenna 3, d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 1 and the center point of the communication antenna 3, d19Representing the centre of the communication antenna 1Distance between point and center point of calibration antenna 9, d29Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 2 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, r is the radius of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, h1Height of the communication antenna, h2To calibrate the height of the antenna, d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000091
d19＝d39＝d59＝d79，d29＝d49＝d69＝d89(ii) a Wherein d is39Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 3 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d59Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 5 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d79Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 7 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d49Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 4 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d69Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 6 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d89Representing the distance between the centre point of the communication antenna 8 and the centre point of the calibration antenna 9, and λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
Further, d12＝d23＝d13I.e. by
Figure BDA0002632321970000092
And d is12＝d23＝d13Cgtoreq.S, usually S is taken
Figure BDA0002632321970000093
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both regular octagonal surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are uniformly arranged at midpoints of eight sides of the top bearing surface, and in addition, four communication antennas are arranged at midpoints of eight sides of the top bearing surfaceThe four communication antennas are uniformly arranged at the middle points of the eight edges of the bottom bearing surface, and the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface are mutually staggered;
Figure BDA0002632321970000094
Figure BDA0002632321970000095
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002632321970000096
Figure BDA0002632321970000097
wherein d is12Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 1 and the center point of the communication antenna 2, d23Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 2 and the center point of the communication antenna 3, d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 1 and the center point of the communication antenna 3, d19Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 1 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d29Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 2 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1Height of the communication antenna, h2In order to calibrate the height of the antenna, x represents the distance between the root of the communication antenna 2 and the root of the communication antenna 1 at the corresponding position of the bottom bearing surface, y represents the distance between the root of the communication antenna 2 and the root of the communication antenna 3 at the corresponding position of the bottom bearing surface, and d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000101
d19＝d39＝d59＝d79，d29＝d49＝d69＝d89(ii) a Wherein d is39Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 3 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d59Representing the center point of the communication antenna 5 andcalibrating the distance between the centre points of the antennas 9, d79Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 7 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d49Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 4 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d69Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna 6 and the center point of the calibration antenna 9, d89Representing the distance between the centre point of the communication antenna 8 and the centre point of the calibration antenna 9, and λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
Further, d12＝d23＝d13I.e. by
Figure BDA0002632321970000102
And d is12＝d23＝d13Cgtoreq.S, usually S is taken
Figure BDA0002632321970000103
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a modified structure of the antenna array shown in fig. 1, different from fig. 1, in which projections of the two sets of communication antennas on the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface overlap each other. The number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both square surfaces, four communication antennas are arranged at four vertexes of the top bearing surface, and the other four communication antennas are arranged at four vertexes of the bottom bearing surface;
Figure BDA0002632321970000104
d23＝b+h1，d13a, wherein d12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1Height of the communication antenna, d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000111
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a modified structure of the antenna array shown in fig. 2, different from fig. 2, in which projections of the two sets of communication antennas on the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface overlap each other. The number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both circular surfaces, four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edge of the top bearing surface, and the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edge of the bottom bearing surface;
Figure BDA0002632321970000112
d23＝b+h1，
Figure BDA0002632321970000113
wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), r is the radius of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, h1Height of the communication antenna, d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000114
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a modified structure of the antenna array shown in fig. 3, different from fig. 3, in which projections of the two sets of communication antennas on the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface overlap each other. Wherein the number of the communication antennas is 8, the number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are regular octagonal surfaces,the four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the midpoints of the eight sides of the top bearing surface, and the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the midpoints of the eight sides of the bottom bearing surface; d12＝b+h1，
Figure BDA0002632321970000115
Wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1For the height of the communication antenna, x represents the distance between the corresponding position of the root of the communication antenna (2) on the bottom bearing surface and the root of the communication antenna (1), y represents the distance between the corresponding position of the root of the communication antenna (2) on the bottom bearing surface and the root of the communication antenna (3), and d12≥S，d23≥S，d13≥S，
Figure BDA0002632321970000121
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are a square surface, a circular surface and a regular octagonal surface, which are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides communication equipment for calibrating the reciprocity of a MIMO (multiple input multiple output) system, which comprises a chassis and the antenna array.
It should be noted that, in the practical application process of the antenna array, there is a chassis, and the chassis is also installed with auxiliary components such as a power supply and a control circuit besides the antenna array itself. The chassis has two opposite surfaces, which may be the top supporting surface and the bottom supporting surface, respectively.
In summary, the antenna array and the communication device for calibrating the reciprocity of the MIMO system provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
the overall size of the device can be reduced as much as possible.
The training symbols can be effectively transmitted in the reciprocity calibration process of the MIMO system, so that the multi-antenna reciprocity calibration of the MIMO system is completed.
The integrated chassis and antenna design can change the distance between the upper and lower antennas by changing the thickness of the circuit board and the chassis in the chassis.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. An antenna array for reciprocity calibration of a MIMO system, comprising:
a calibration antenna and a plurality of communication antennas; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the communication antennas are divided into two groups, one group of the communication antennas form a top bearing surface and are vertically installed upwards around the top bearing surface, the other group of the communication antennas form a bottom bearing surface and are vertically installed downwards around the bottom bearing surface, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are parallel to each other and have the same shape, and the projections of the same group of the communication antennas on the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface are uniformly distributed;
the calibration antenna is vertically arranged at the center of the top bearing surface upwards or at the center of the bottom bearing surface downwards;
the distance between the center points of every two communication antennas is larger than or equal to half wavelength of the antenna array during working.
2. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both circular or regular N-sided, where N is an integer greater than 2.
3. The antenna array of claim 2, wherein the projections of the two sets of communication antennas on the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface are staggered or overlapped with each other.
4. The antenna array of claim 3, wherein the number of communication antennas is 8, the number of calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both square-shaped, wherein four communication antennas are arranged at four vertices of the top bearing surface, and the other four communication antennas are arranged at center points of four sides of the bottom bearing surface;
Figure FDA0002632321960000011
Figure FDA0002632321960000012
wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1Height of the communication antenna, d12≥S,d23≥S,d13≥S，
Figure FDA0002632321960000021
λ isA wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
5. An antenna array according to claim 4 wherein d12＝d23＝d13，
Figure FDA0002632321960000022
6. The antenna array of claim 3, wherein the number of communication antennas is 8, the number of calibration antennas is 1, and the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both circular surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edges of the top bearing surface, and the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edges of the bottom bearing surface, and the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface are staggered with each other;
Figure FDA0002632321960000023
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002632321960000024
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002632321960000025
wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), r is the radius of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, h1Height of the communication antenna, d12≥S,d23≥S,d13≥S，
Figure FDA0002632321960000026
λ is the wavelength of the antenna array during operation。
7. An antenna array according to claim 6 wherein d12＝d23＝d13，
Figure FDA0002632321960000027
8. The antenna array of claim 3, wherein the number of communication antennas is 8, the number of calibration antennas is 1, and both the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are regular octagonal surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are uniformly arranged at the midpoints of eight sides of the top bearing surface, the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged at the midpoints of eight sides of the bottom bearing surface, and the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface are staggered with each other;
Figure FDA0002632321960000031
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002632321960000032
Figure FDA0002632321960000033
wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1For the height of the communication antenna, x represents the distance between the corresponding position of the root of the communication antenna (2) on the bottom bearing surface and the root of the communication antenna (1), y represents the distance between the corresponding position of the root of the communication antenna (2) on the bottom bearing surface and the root of the communication antenna (3), and d12≥S,d23≥S,d13≥S，
Figure FDA0002632321960000034
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
9. An antenna array according to claim 8 wherein d12＝d23＝d13，
Figure FDA0002632321960000035
10. The antenna array of claim 3, wherein the number of communication antennas is 8, the number of calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both square-shaped, wherein four communication antennas are arranged at four vertices of the top bearing surface, and the other four communication antennas are arranged at four vertices of the bottom bearing surface;
Figure FDA0002632321960000036
d23＝b+h1，d13a, wherein d12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1Height of the communication antenna, d12≥S,d23≥S,d13≥S，
Figure FDA0002632321960000037
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
11. An antenna array according to claim 3 wherein the number of communication antennas is 8, soThe number of the calibration antennas is 1, the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are both circular surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edge of the top bearing surface, the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged on the edge of the bottom bearing surface, and the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface are mutually overlapped;
Figure FDA0002632321960000041
d23＝b+h1，
Figure FDA0002632321960000042
wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), r is the radius of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, h1Height of the communication antenna, d12≥S,d23≥S,d13≥S，
Figure FDA0002632321960000043
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
12. The antenna array of claim 3, wherein the number of communication antennas is 8, the number of calibration antennas is 1, and both the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface are regular octagonal surfaces, wherein four communication antennas are uniformly arranged at the midpoints of the eight sides of the top bearing surface, the other four communication antennas are uniformly arranged at the midpoints of the eight sides of the bottom bearing surface, and the four communication antennas on the top bearing surface and the four communication antennas on the bottom bearing surface overlap each other; d12＝b+h1，
Figure FDA0002632321960000044
Wherein d is12Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (2), d23Represents the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (2) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), d13Representing the distance between the center point of the communication antenna (1) and the center point of the communication antenna (3), a is the side length of the top bearing surface or the bottom bearing surface, b is the distance between the top bearing surface and the bottom bearing surface, and h1For the height of the communication antenna, x represents the distance between the corresponding position of the root of the communication antenna (2) on the bottom bearing surface and the root of the communication antenna (1), y represents the distance between the corresponding position of the root of the communication antenna (2) on the bottom bearing surface and the root of the communication antenna (3), and d12≥S,d23≥S,d13≥S，
Figure FDA0002632321960000051
λ is the wavelength at which the antenna array operates.
13. A communication device for reciprocity calibration of a MIMO system, the communication device comprising a chassis and an antenna array according to any of claims 1 to 12.
CN202010814893.9A 2020-08-13 2020-08-13 Antenna array and communication equipment for reciprocity calibration of MIMO (multiple input multiple output) system Pending CN112087270A (en)

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US20080129613A1 (en) * 2006-12-05 2008-06-05 Nokia Corporation Calibration for re-configurable active antennas
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