CN112083611A - 显示装置 - Google Patents

显示装置 Download PDF

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CN112083611A
CN112083611A CN202010523879.3A CN202010523879A CN112083611A CN 112083611 A CN112083611 A CN 112083611A CN 202010523879 A CN202010523879 A CN 202010523879A CN 112083611 A CN112083611 A CN 112083611A
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display device
electrode
tft
layer
region
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CN112083611B (zh
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冈田训明
吉田圭介
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Sharp Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/78Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
    • H01L29/786Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
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    • H01L27/12Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
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    • H01L27/1225Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer with semiconductor materials not belonging to the group IV of the periodic table, e.g. InGaZnO
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    • H01L27/124Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or layout of the wiring layers specially adapted to the circuit arrangement, e.g. scanning lines in LCD pixel circuits
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    • H01L29/41733Source or drain electrodes for field effect devices for thin film transistors with insulated gate
    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/136222Colour filters incorporated in the active matrix substrate
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Abstract

根据本发明实施方式的显示装置的有源矩阵基板在各像素中具有:TFT、实质上覆盖TFT的绝缘层、由透明导电材料形成并电连接于TFT的像素电极、位于TFT与像素电极之间的彩色滤光片以及中间层电极,该中间层电极由透明导电材料形成,且至少一部分位于绝缘层与彩色滤光片之间,并将TFT的漏极电极与像素电极电连接。在彩色滤光片中所形成的接触孔中,像素电极与中间层电极连接。从显示面法线方向观察时,接触孔与TFT的栅极电极至少部分重叠。

Description

显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种显示装置,尤其是涉及具备有源矩阵基板的显示装置,该有源矩阵基板具有彩色滤光片。
背景技术
在一般的液晶显示装置中,彩色滤光片设置在与有源矩阵基板对置的对置基板上。因此,对置基板有时也称为彩色滤光片基板。
近年来,液晶显示装置的高清晰度正在推进。尤其,在用于头戴式显示器(HeadMounted Display:HMD)的液晶显示装置中,用透镜放大显示画面并进行观看,因此需要非常高的清晰度。在这样的超高清的液晶显示装置中,由于像素间距小,所以如果在对置基板侧设置彩色滤光片,则在产生贴合错位时容易发生色偏等问题。因此,需要尽量减小贴合错位,这导致了成品率降低。
作为能够防止由于贴合错位引起的色偏的结构,已经提出了在有源极矩阵基板上设置彩色滤光片的结构(称为“阵列彩色滤光片(Color filter on Array:COA)结构”)。COA结构例如在专利文献1和2中有所公开。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利特开平11-24061号公报专利文献2:日本专利特开2002-350886号公报
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题
然而,经本申请发明人对COA结构在超高清的液晶显示装置上的应用进行了详细研究发现:由于COA结构的应用,产生了开口率降低的新问题。产生这个问题的原因在于,如后续详细描述那样,在各像素中,需要在彩色滤光片中形成用于电连接TFT(薄膜晶体管)和像素电极的接触孔。
此外,在底部发射型的有机EL显示装置中,期望进一步提高开口率。
本发明是鉴于上述问题而完成的,其目的在于提高具备具有彩色滤光片的有源矩阵基板的显示装置的开口率。
解决问题的方案
本说明书公开了以下项目中记载的显示装置。
[项目1]
一种显示装置,其具备有源矩阵基板,所述有源矩阵基板具有排列成包含多行以及多列的矩阵状的多个像素;以及沿着行方向延伸的多条扫描配线以及沿着列方向延伸的多条信号配线,在所述显示装置中,所述有源矩阵基板在所述多个像素的每一个中具有:
TFT,其具有半导体层、栅极绝缘层、栅极电极、源极电极以及漏极电极;
绝缘层,其实质上覆盖所述TFT;
像素电极,其由透明导电材料形成,并电连接于所述TFT;
彩色滤光片,其位于所述TFT与所述像素电极之间;以及
中间层电极,其由透明导电材料形成,且至少一部分位于所述绝缘层与所述彩色滤光片之间,并将所述TFT的所述漏极电极与所述像素电极电连接,
在所述彩色滤光片中所形成的接触孔中,所述像素电极与所述中间层电极连接,
从显示面法线方向观察时,所述接触孔与所述TFT的所述栅极电极至少部分重叠。
[项目2]
在项目1所述的显示装置中,当将由所述多条扫描配线中的彼此相邻的两条扫描配线和所述多条信号配线中的彼此相邻的两条信号配线包围的区域称为像素开口区域时,所述像素开口区域包括形成有所述绝缘层的第一区域和未形成有所述绝缘层的第二区域。
[项目3]
在项目2所述的显示装置中,除了所述多条扫描配线、所述多条信号配线以及所述TFT的上方和它们的附近以外,未形成有所述绝缘层。
[项目4]
在项目2或3所述的显示装置中,从显示面法线方向观察时,在所述像素开口区域内,所述第二区域所占比例为30%以上。
[项目5]
在项目2至4中任一项所述的显示装置中,所述TFT的所述漏极电极由金属材料形成,在所述像素开口区域中的所述第二区域中,所述TFT的所述漏极电极与所述中间层电极连接。
[项目6]
在项目2至4所述的显示装置中,所述TFT的所述漏极电极是与所述中间层电极一体形成的透明漏极电极,在所述像素开口区域中的所述第二区域中,所述透明漏极电极与所述半导体层连接。
[项目7]
在项目1至6的任一项所述的显示装置中,所述有源矩阵基板在所述多个像素的每一个中还具有设置在所述栅极电极的下方的遮光层。
[项目8]
在项目7所述的显示装置中,从显示面法线方向观察时,所述遮光层包含与所述栅极电极重叠的部分和与所述栅极电极不重叠的部分。
[项目9]
在项目1至8的任一项所述的显示装置中,所述TFT的所述半导体层为氧化物半导体层。
[项目10]
在项目9所述的显示装置中,所述氧化物半导体层包含In-Ga-Zn-O系半导体。
[项目11]
在项目10所述的显示装置中,所述In-Ga-Zn-O系半导体包含结晶部分。
[项目12]
在项目1至11的任一项所述的显示装置中,所述显示装置为液晶显示装置,所述液晶显示装置还包括:对置基板,与所述有源矩阵基板对置;以及液晶层,其设置在所述有源矩阵基板与所述对置基板之间。
发明效果
根据本发明的实施方式,可以提高具备具有彩色滤光片的有源矩阵基板的显示装置的开口率。
附图说明
图1是示意性示出本发明的第一实施方式的液晶显示装置100的俯视图,并示出了一个像素所对应的区域。
图2是示意性示出液晶显示装置100的剖视图,并示出了沿着图1中的2A-2A’线的剖面结构。
图3是液晶显示装置100的有源矩阵基板10的剖视图,并示出了沿着图1中的3A-3A’线的剖面结构。
图4A是示出有源矩阵基板10的制作工序的剖视图,并示出了与图3所示的区域相同的区域(TFT11附近的区域)。
图4B是示出有源矩阵基板10的制作工序的剖视图,并示出了与图3所示的区域相同的区域(TFT11附近的区域)。
图4C是示出有源矩阵基板10的制作工序的剖视图,并示出了与图3所示的区域相同的区域(TFT11附近的区域)。
图4D是示出有源矩阵基板10的制作工序的剖视图,并示出了与图3所示的区域相同的区域(TFT11附近的区域)。
图4E是示出有源矩阵基板10的制作工序的剖视图,并示出了与图3所示的区域相同的区域(TFT11附近的区域)。
图4F是示出有源矩阵基板10的制作工序的剖视图,并示出了与图3所示的区域相同的区域(TFT11附近的区域)。
图4G是示出有源矩阵基板10的制作工序的剖视图,并示出了与图3所示的区域相同的区域(TFT11附近的区域)。
图4H是示出有源矩阵基板10的制作工序的剖视图,并示出了与图3所示的区域相同的区域(TFT11附近的区域)。
图4I是示出有源矩阵基板10的制作工序的剖视图,并示出了与图3所示的区域相同的区域(TFT11附近的区域)。
图5是示意性示出本发明的实施方式的其他液晶显示装置200的俯视图,并示出了一个像素所对应的区域。
图6是示意性示出液晶显示装置200的剖视图,并示出了沿着图5中的6A-6A’线的剖面结构。
图7是本发明的实施方式的另一液晶显示装置300的有源矩阵基板10的剖视图。
图8是示意性示出比较例的液晶显示装置900的剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下参照附图说明本发明的实施方式。另外,在下面虽示出了FFS(FringeFieldSwitching,边缘场切换)模式的液晶显示装置,但是本发明的实施方式不限于此。
(第一实施方式)
参照图1、图2以及图3,说明本实施方式的液晶显示装置100。图1以及图2分别是示意性示出液晶显示装置100的俯视图和剖视图。图1示出了液晶显示装置100的一个像素所对应的区域,图2示出了沿着图1中的2A-2A’线的剖面结构。图3是液晶显示装置100的有源矩阵基板10的剖视图,并示出了沿着图1中的3A-3A’线的剖面结构。
如图1、图2以及图3所示,液晶显示面板100具有:有源矩阵基板(以下称为“TFT基板”)10、与TFT基板10对置的对置基板20以及设置于TFT基板10与对置基板20之间的液晶层30。并且,显示面板100具有多个像素。多个像素排列成包含多行以及多列的矩阵状。
TFT基板10具有沿着行方向延伸的多条扫描配线(栅极总线,gate bus line)GL以及沿着列方向延伸的多条信号配线(源极总线,source bus line)SL。在本申请说明书中,将由多条扫描配线GL中的彼此相邻的两条扫描配线GL和多条信号配线SL中的彼此相邻的两条信号配线SL包围的区域称为“像素开口区域”。另外,TFT基板10在多个像素的每一个中,具有TFT(薄膜晶体管)11、绝缘层12、像素电极13、彩色滤光片14、电介质层15、共用电极16和中间层电极17。另外,图3中省略了电介质层15和共用电极16。TFT基板10的构成要素(上述的TFT11等)由具有绝缘性的透明基板10a(例如玻璃基板)支承。
TFT11具有半导体层11a、栅极绝缘层18、栅极电极11g、源极电极11s和漏极电极11d。此处,示例了底栅型结构的TFT11。
TFT11的栅极电极11g和扫描配线GL被设置于基板10a上。栅极电极11g和扫描配线GL由金属材料形成。栅极电极11g电连接于对应的扫描配线GL,并从扫描配线GL供给扫描信号电压(栅极信号)。在图示的例子中,扫描配线GL和栅极电极11g一体形成。
栅极绝缘层(第一绝缘层)18以覆盖栅极电极11g和扫描配线GL的方式形成。
半导体层11a被设置在栅极绝缘层18上。半导体层11a的沟道区域以隔着栅极绝缘层18的方式与栅极电极11g对置。在本实施方式中,半导体层11a为氧化物半导体层。
源极电极11s和漏极电极11d分别电连接于半导体层11a。源极电极11s和漏极电极11d以各自的至少一部分位于半导体层11a上的方式形成,并通过它们各自的下表面与半导体层11a的上表面接触来电连接于半导体层11a。源极电极11s电连接于对应的信号配线SL,并从信号配线SL供给显示信号(源极信号)。在图示的例子中,源极电极11s从信号配线SL开始延伸设置。即,信号配线SL和源极电极11s一体形成。漏极电极11d电连接于像素电极13。源极电极11s、漏极电极11d和信号配线SL由金属材料形成。
绝缘层(第二绝缘层)12实质上覆盖TFT11。但是,漏极电极11d的一部分没有被绝缘层12覆盖。像素开口区域包括形成有绝缘层12的区域(称为“第一区域”)R1和未形成有绝缘层12的区域(称为“第二区域”)R2。在本实施方式中,除了扫描配线GL、信号配线SL以及TFT11的上方和它们的附近以外,未形成有绝缘层12。从显示面法线方向观察时,在像素开口区域内,第二区域R2所占比例通常为30%以上。
像素电极13由透明的导电材料(例如IZO)形成。像素电极13电连接于TFT11,更具体地,像素电极13电连接于TFT11的漏极电极11d。
彩色滤光片14位于TFT11与像素电极12之间。各像素的彩色滤光片14通常如示例所示为红色滤光片14R、绿色滤光片14G以及蓝色滤光片14B中的任一个。彩色滤光片14例如由被着色的感光性树脂形成。各像素的彩色滤光片14是单层(即,不具有层叠结构)。
中间层电极17由透明的导电材料(例如IZO)形成。中间层电极17的至少一部分位于绝缘层12与彩色滤光片14之间。中间层电极17电连接于TFT11的漏极电极11d与像素电极13。中间层电极17在像素开口区域中的第二区域R2(未形成有绝缘层12的区域)中与TFT11的漏极电极11d连接,并且在彩色滤光片14中所形成的接触孔CH中,像素电极13与中间层电极17连接。从显示面法线方向观察时,接触孔CH与TFT11的栅极电极11g至少部分重叠。在示例出的构成中,大致整个接触孔CH与栅极电极11g重叠。
电介质层15以覆盖像素电极13的方式设置。共用电极16被设置在电介质层15上。共用电极16由透明的导电材料(例如IZO)形成。对应每个像素,在共用电极16中形成有至少一个狭缝16a。
对置基板20包含具有绝缘性的透明基板20a(例如玻璃基板)。此处虽未图示,但也可以在基板20a上设置透明树脂层和/或透明导电层。对置基板20也可以不包括遮光层(黑矩阵)。
另外,虽未图示,但分别在TFT基板10的液晶层30侧的最表面上以及在对置基板20的液晶层30侧的最表面上设有取向膜。在本实施方式中,TFT基板10的取向膜和对置基板20的取向膜均为水平取向膜。
在具有上述构成的液晶显示装置100中,与具有COA结构的以往的液晶显示装置相比可以提高开口率。以下将说明其原因,但在此之前,先参照图8说明由于应用COA结构导致开口率降低的原因。图8是示出比较例的液晶显示装置900的TFT11附近的剖视图,且为与示出液晶显示装置100的图3对应的图。在图8中,省略了液晶层、对置基板。另外,还省略了TFT基板10的共用电极、电介质层。
比较例的液晶显示装置900与图1等示出的液晶显示装置100的不同之处在于,液晶显示装置900的TFT基板10不具有中间层电极。在液晶显示装置900中,在绝缘层12和彩色滤光片14中以露出TFT11的漏极电极11d的一部分的方式形成有接触孔CH,在该接触孔CH中,像素电极13与漏极电极11d连接。从显示面法线方向观察时,接触孔CH与栅极电极11g不重叠。
尽管在图8中未图示出位于像素电极13上的电介质层、共用电极,但是TFT基板10的液晶层侧的表面具有反映接触孔CH的形状的凹部,并由于因凹部的存在而产生的大台阶,液晶分子的取向可能会紊乱。因取向紊乱而引起的漏光导致了对比度降低。如果在接触孔CH的下方设置遮光层以防止对比度降低,则开口率将会降低。
此外,由于液晶显示装置900具有COA结构,并且彩色滤光片14位于像素电极13的下方,所以仅增加接触孔CH的深度对应于彩色滤光片14的厚度(通常需要2μm左右)的量,且接触孔CH的尺寸增加。因此,漏光的程度增加,并且对比度进一步降低。当设置遮光层时,需要增加遮光层的面积,因此进一步降低开口率。
如上所述,如果在比较例的液晶显示装置900中设置遮光层以防止因接触孔CH引起的对比度降低,则开口率将会降低。这是对高清晰度不利的主要因素。
对此,在本发明的实施方式的液晶显示装置100中,TFT11的漏极11d和像素电极13通过中间层电极17电连接,并且连接像素电极13和中间层电极17的接触孔CH与TFT11的栅极电极11g至少部分重叠。因此,由于栅极电极11g作为遮光层发挥作用,因此不必单独设置用于防止因漏光引起的对比度降低的遮光层,或者可以减小单独设置的遮光层的面积。因此,可提高开口率。
此外,由于接触孔CH仅在彩色滤光片14中形成即可(即,不必在绝缘层12中形成),因此接触孔CH与图8所示的比较例的液晶显示装置900相比,能够使接触孔CH的深度减少对应于绝缘层12的厚度的量。因此,可以减小接触孔CH的尺寸,并且可以减小漏光本身的程度,从而可以提高对比度。
从减小接触孔CH的尺寸的观点来看,优选如本实施方式那样,除了扫描配线GL、信号配线SL以及TFT11的上方和它们的附近以外不形成绝缘层12(即,在像素开口部区域的大部分区域内不形成绝缘层12)。通过采用这种构成,可以减小彩色滤光片14的上表面的高度,从而可以进一步减小接触孔CH的深度,从而可以进一步减小接触孔CH的尺寸。例如,在比较例的液晶显示装置900中,当彩色滤光片14的厚度为大约2μm并且绝缘层12的厚度为大约Aμm时,接触孔CH的深度为大约(2+A)μm。对此,在本实施方式的液晶显示装置100中,当彩色滤光片14的厚度为大约2μm并且栅极电极11g和绝缘层12的总厚度为大约1μm时,接触孔CH为深度约为1μm。
参照图4A至图4F说明本实施方式的液晶显示装置100的制造方法的例子。图4A至图4F是示出液晶显示装置100的TFT基板10的制作工序的剖视图,并示出了与图3所示的区域相同的区域(TFT11附近的区域)。
首先,说明TFT基板10的制作工序。
首先,如图4A所示,通过在基板(例如玻璃基板)10a上沉积导电膜(栅极金属膜),并使用光刻工艺将该导电膜图案化来形成扫描配线GL以及栅极电极11g。栅极金属膜是例如包括作为上层的W层和作为下层的TaN层的层叠膜(W/TaN膜),但不限于此。
接着,如图4B的所示,以覆盖扫描配线GL和栅极电极11g的方式形成栅极绝缘层18。栅极绝缘层18是例如包括作为上层的氧化硅(SiO2)层和作为下层的氮化硅(SiNx)层的层叠膜,但不限于此。
接着,如图4C所示,通过在栅极绝缘层18上沉积氧化物半导体膜,并使用光刻工艺将该氧化物半导体膜图案化来形成氧化物半导体层11a。氧化物半导体层11a例如是In-Ga-Zn-O系半导体层。
之后,如图4D所示,通过在氧化物半导体层11a和栅极绝缘层18上沉积导电膜(源极金属膜),并使用光刻工艺将该导电膜图案化来形成信号配线SL、源极电极11s以及漏极电极11d。源极金属膜是例如包括作为上层的Ti层、作为中间层的Al层以及作为下层的Ti层的层叠膜(Ti/Al/Ti膜),但不限于此。
接着,如图4E所示,在基板10a的整个表面上以覆盖TFT11的方式沉积绝缘膜12’。绝缘膜12’例如为氧化硅(SiO2)膜。
接着,如图4F所示,通过使用光刻工艺将绝缘膜12’图案化来去除绝缘膜12’中的除了扫描配线GL、信号配线SL以及TFT11的上方和它们的附近以外的部分,并形成绝缘层12。
之后,如图4G所示,通过沉积透明导电膜(例如IZO膜),并使用光刻工艺将该透明导电膜图案化来形成中间层电极17。
接下来,如图4H所示,通过重复进行施加着色的光敏树脂材料和利用光刻工艺进行的图案化,依次形成红色滤光片14R、绿色滤光片14G和蓝色滤光片14B。然后,使用光刻工艺来进行图案化,并且在各像素中形成接触孔CH以露出中间电极层17的一部分。此外,可以同时进行每种颜色的彩色滤光片的图案化和接触孔CH的形成。
接着,如图4I所示,通过沉积透明导电膜(例如IZO膜),并使用光刻工艺将该透明导电膜图案化来形成像素电极13。
接下来,在像素电极13上依次形成电介质层15和共用电极16,然后,由感光性树脂材料在规定位置处形成柱状的间隔物。然后,形成取向膜。这样,得到TFT基板10。
对置基板20与TFT基板10分开制作。具体地,在基板(例如,玻璃基板)20a上形成取向膜。根据需要,也可以在基板20a上(基板20a与取向膜之间)进一步形成透明树脂层和/或透明导电层。
使如上所述制造的TFT基板10与对置基板20隔着规定间隙相互贴合,接着,在两者间隙中注入·密封液晶材料来形成液晶层30。如此,液晶显示装置100完成。
而且,在上述的说明中,虽示例出了共用电极16位于像素电极13的上方的构成,但与此相反地,也可以采用像素电极13位于共用电极16上方的构成。
(第二实施方式)
参照图5和图6说明本实施方式的液晶显示装置200。图5是示意性示出液晶显示装置200的俯视图,并示出了液晶显示装置200的一个像素所对应的区域。图6是液晶显示装置200的有源矩阵基板10的剖视图,并示出了沿着图5中的6A-6A’线的剖面结构。以下,以液晶显示装置200与第一实施方式的液晶显示装置100的不同点为中心而进行说明。
如图5和图6所示,在本实施方式的液晶显示装置200中,TFT11的漏极电极11d与中间层电极17一体形成。即,漏极电极11d是由透明导电材料形成的透明漏极电极,TFT11不具有由金属材料形成的漏极电极。在像素开口区域中的第二区域R2中,透明漏极电极11d连接至半导体层11a。
在本实施方式的液晶显示装置200中,TFT11的漏极电极11d与像素电极13通过中间层电极17电连接,并且连接像素电极13和中间层电极17的接触孔CH与TFT11的栅极电极11g至少部分重叠。因此,与第一实施方式的液晶显示装置100同样地可以提高开口率、对比度。
此外,在本实施方式中,TFT11的漏极电极11d是透明漏极电极,并且氧化物半导体层11a通常可为透明。因此,可以使形成有漏极电极11d的区域有助于开口率。因此,本实施方式的液晶显示装置200与第一实施方式的液晶显示装置100相比,可以进一步提高开口率。
(第三实施方式)
参照图7说明本实施方式的液晶显示装置300。图7是液晶显示装置300的有源矩阵基板10的剖视图。以下,以液晶显示装置300与第二实施方式的液晶显示装置200的不同点为中心而进行说明。
本实施方式的液晶显示装置300与液晶显示装置200的不同之处在于,液晶显示装置300的TFT基板10在多个像素的每一个中还包括设置在栅极电极11g下方的遮光层LS。
遮光层LS设置在基板10a上,并且下部绝缘层19形成为覆盖遮光层LS。TFT11的栅极电极11g被设置于下部绝缘层19上。从显示面法线方向观察时,遮光层LS包含与栅极电极11g重叠的部分LSa和与栅极电极不重叠的部分LSb。遮光层LS例如由金属材料形成。
在本实施方式中,由于设置了遮光层LS,因此可以抑制在接触孔CH附近产生的漏光,并且可以进一步提高对比度。从抑制漏光的观点出发,优选如本实施方式所示例那样,从显示面的法线方向观察时,遮光层LS包含与栅极电极11g不重叠的部分LSb。
此外,即使如本实施方式那样设置遮光层LS,与在比较例的液晶显示装置900中设置遮光层的情况相比,因遮光层LS引起的开口率的降低也较小。这是因为接触孔CH与TFT11的栅极电极11g至少部分重叠,并且栅极电极11g还可以作为遮光层发挥作用。
至此的说明中,作为本发明的实施方式的显示装置示例出了液晶显示装置,但本发明的实施方式的显示装置并不限定于液晶显示装置。本发明的实施方式也可适用于例如用于底部发射型(从TFT基板的背面侧提取光的方式)的有机EL显示装置。
(关于氧化物半导体)
氧化物半导体层11a所包含的氧化物半导体既可以是非晶质氧化物半导体,也可以是具有晶质部分的晶质氧化物半导体。作为晶质氧化物半导体,能够列举多晶氧化物半导体、微晶氧化物半导体、c轴以与层面大致垂直的方式取向的晶质氧化物半导体等。
氧化物半导体层11a可以具有两层以上的层叠结构。在氧化物半导体层11a具有层叠结构的情况下,氧化物半导体层11a可以包含非晶质氧化物半导体层与晶质氧化物半导体层。或者,也可以包含结晶结构不同的多个晶质氧化物半导体层。并且,还可以包含多个非晶质氧化物半导体层。在氧化物半导体层11a具有包含上层与下层的双层结构的情况下,优选接近栅极电极的层(底栅型结构时为下层)中所包含的氧化物半导体的能隙小于远离栅极电极的层(底栅型结构时为上层)中所包含的氧化物半导体的能隙。但是,在这些层的能隙之差比较小的情况下,离栅极电极较远的层的氧化物半导体的能隙也可以小于与栅极电极较近的层的氧化物半导体的能隙。
非晶质氧化物半导体和上述各晶质氧化物半导体的材料、结构、成膜方法、具有层叠结构的氧化物半导体层的结构等例如在日本特开2014-007399号公报有所记载。为了参考,在本说明书中引用日本特开2014-007399号公报的全部公开内容。
氧化物半导体层11a例如可以包含In、Ga以及Zn中的至少一种金属元素。在本发明的实施方式中,氧化物半导体层11a例如包含In-Ga-Zn-O系的半导体(例如氧化铟镓锌)。此处,In-Ga-Zn-O系的半导体为In(铟)、Ga(镓)、Zn(锌)的三元氧化物,In、Ga和Zn的比例(组成比)并无特别限定,例如包含In:Ga:Zn=2:2:1、In:Ga:Zn=1:1:1、In:Ga:Zn=1:1:2等。这种氧化物半导体层11a能够由包含In-Ga-Zn-O系半导体的氧化物半导体膜形成。
In-Ga-Zn-O系的半导体可以是非晶体,也可以是晶体。优选c轴以与层面大致垂直的方式取向的晶质In-Ga-Zn-O系的半导体作为晶质In-Ga-Zn-O系的半导体。
此外,晶质In-Ga-Zn-O系的半导体的结晶结构例如在上述的日本特开2014-007399号公报、日本特开2012-134475号公报及日本特开2014-209727号公报等中公开。为了进行参照,在本说明书中引用日本特开2012-134475号公报和日本特开2014-209727号公报的全部公开内容。具有In-Ga-Zn-O系的半导体层的TFT具有高移动度(与a-SiTFT相比超20倍)和低漏电流(与a-SiTFT相比不足百分之一),因此优选用作驱动TFT(例如,存在于驱动电路中的TFT,该驱动电路设置在包括多个像素的显示区域的***中,并且在与显示区域相同的基板上)和像素TFT(像素中提供的TFT)。
代替In-Ga-Zn-O系半导体,氧化物半导体层11a也可以包含其他氧化物半导体。例如也可以包含In-Sn-Zn-O系半导体(例如In2O3-SnO2-ZnO;InSnZnO)。In-Sn-Zn-O系半导体为In(铟)、Sn(锡)以及Zn(锌)的三元氧化物。或者,氧化物半导体层11a也可以包含In-Al-Zn-O系半导体、In-Al-Sn-Zn-O系半导体、Zn-O系半导体、In-Zn-O系半导体、Zn-Ti-O系半导体、Cd-Ge-O系半导体、Cd-Pb-O系半导体、CdO(氧化镉)、Mg-Zn-O系半导体、In-Ga-Sn-O系半导体、In-Ga-O系半导体、Zr-In-Zn-O系半导体、Hf-In-Zn-O系半导体、Al-Ga-Zn-O系半导体、Ga-Zn-O系半导体、In-Ga-Zn-Sn-O系半导体等。
根据本发明的实施方式,可以提高具备具有彩色滤光片的有源矩阵基板的显示装置的开口率。本发明的实施方式可以广泛用于具备具有彩色滤光片的有源矩阵基板的显示装置,尤其可以适用于高清晰度的液晶显示装置(例如用于HDM的液晶显示装置)、有机EL显示装置。

Claims (12)

1.一种显示装置,其具备有源矩阵基板,所述有源矩阵基板具有排列成包含多行以及多列的矩阵状的多个像素;以及沿着行方向延伸的多条扫描配线以及沿着列方向延伸的多条信号配线,所述显示装置的特征在于,
所述有源矩阵基板在所述多个像素的每一个中具有:
TFT,其具有半导体层、栅极绝缘层、栅极电极、源极电极以及漏极电极;
绝缘层,其实质上覆盖所述TFT;
像素电极,其由透明导电材料形成,并电连接于所述TFT;
彩色滤光片,其位于所述TFT与所述像素电极之间;以及
中间层电极,其由透明导电材料形成,且至少一部分位于所述绝缘层与所述彩色滤光片之间,并将所述TFT的所述漏极电极与所述像素电极电连接,
在所述彩色滤光片中所形成的接触孔中,所述像素电极与所述中间层电极连接,
从显示面法线方向观察时,所述接触孔与所述TFT的所述栅极电极至少部分重叠。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
当将由所述多条扫描配线中的彼此相邻的两条扫描配线和所述多条信号配线中的彼此相邻的两条信号配线包围的区域称为像素开口区域时,所述像素开口区域包括形成有所述绝缘层的第一区域和未形成有所述绝缘层的第二区域。
3.根据权利要求2所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
除了所述多条扫描配线、所述多条信号配线以及所述TFT的上方和它们的附近以外,未形成有所述绝缘层。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
从显示面法线方向观察时,在所述像素开口区域内,所述第二区域所占比例为30%以上。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述TFT的所述漏极电极由金属材料形成,在所述像素开口区域中的所述第二区域中,所述TFT的所述漏极电极与所述中间层电极连接。
6.根据权利要求2或3所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述TFT的所述漏极电极是与所述中间层电极一体形成的透明漏极电极,在所述像素开口区域中的所述第二区域中,所述透明漏极电极与所述半导体层连接。
7.根据权利要求1至3的任一项所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述有源矩阵基板在所述多个像素的每一个中还具有设置在所述栅极电极的下方的遮光层。
8.根据权利要求7所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
从显示面法线方向观察时,所述遮光层包含与所述栅极电极重叠的部分和与所述栅极电极不重叠的部分。
9.根据权利要求1至3的任一项所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述TFT的所述半导体层为氧化物半导体层。
10.根据权利要求9所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述氧化物半导体层包含In-Ga-Zn-O系半导体。
11.根据权利要求10所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述In-Ga-Zn-O系半导体包含结晶部分。
12.根据权利要求1至3的任一项所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述显示装置为液晶显示装置,所述液晶显示装置还包括:
对置基板,与所述有源矩阵基板对置;以及
液晶层,其设置在所述有源矩阵基板与所述对置基板之间。
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