CN112083582A - Thin film structure for displaying stereoscopic light field - Google Patents
Thin film structure for displaying stereoscopic light field Download PDFInfo
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- CN112083582A CN112083582A CN201910505529.1A CN201910505529A CN112083582A CN 112083582 A CN112083582 A CN 112083582A CN 201910505529 A CN201910505529 A CN 201910505529A CN 112083582 A CN112083582 A CN 112083582A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a film structure for displaying a stereoscopic light field. The film structure comprises a body, a light field image layer and a point light source array layer, wherein the light field image layer and the point light source array layer are arranged on the body at intervals, the light field image layer is positioned between the point light source array layer and the visual range of a three-dimensional light field, and the light field image layer is used for displaying a light field image corresponding to the three-dimensional light field. The point light source array layer comprises a plurality of light emitting areas, and the distance between every two adjacent light emitting areas increases monotonically in at least one horizontal or vertical direction along with the distance from the visual range, so that the visual range is not overlapped through the projection areas of any two adjacent light emitting areas on the light field image layer. The invention provides a film structure which can display a two-dimensional image in a three-dimensional manner and enable people to watch the three-dimensional image from various angles by naked eyes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of naked eye stereoscopic vision, in particular to a film structure for displaying a stereoscopic light field.
Background
People have strong expectations for being able to actually view stereoscopic images. The current technologies of stereoscopic movies, stereoscopic televisions, vr (virtual reality), ar (augmented reality), etc. are gradually emerging under the demand, and meet the requirements of people to a certain extent. However, these techniques are not enough to wear stereo glasses to watch, and human eyes are sensitive to some unnatural factors of the stereo glasses, which causes discomfort after long-time watching. The stereo imaging purely from the human eye view angle has many limitations, the realization method is not natural, and in addition, in order to complete the stereo video processing with high computation amount, VR and AR require a high-performance computation terminal with a considerable volume, and related watching glasses are large, heavy and inconvenient. The existing naked eye 3D display equipment can seriously image to view the film experience due to factors such as visual angles, distances and the like, and the existing naked eye 3D display equipment can hardly meet the visual perception of audiences at different positions when a plurality of people watch the film together due to the limitation of the technology, so that the requirement of normal watching of people is far not met in effect.
People are eager to be able to shuttle freely as in science fiction movies into a virtual reality or restored natural stereoscopic world, but suffer from no better solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a film structure for displaying a three-dimensional light field, so that people can watch the three-dimensional image from various angles by naked eyes.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a film structure for displaying a stereoscopic light field, which comprises a body, a light field image layer and a point light source array layer, wherein the light field image layer and the point light source array layer are arranged on the body at intervals, the light field image layer is positioned between the point light source array layer and a visible range of the stereoscopic light field, and the light field image layer is used for displaying a light field image corresponding to the stereoscopic light field;
the point light source array layer comprises a plurality of light emitting areas, and the distance between every two adjacent light emitting areas increases monotonically in at least one horizontal or vertical direction with the distance from the visual range, so that the visual range is not overlapped through the projection areas of any two adjacent light emitting areas on the light field image layer.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the body is formed of a single transparent sheet, and the light field image layer and the point light source array layer are formed on both front and back surfaces of the transparent sheet, respectively.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the body at least comprises the point light source array layer, a second transparent sheet and a third transparent sheet which are stacked together, wherein the point light source array layer is composed of an aperture array formed by a first transparent sheet and a uniform light-emitting plate behind the aperture array, a light field image layer is formed on one side of the second transparent sheet, and the third transparent sheet is arranged between the first transparent sheet and the second transparent sheet.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the light emitting region is a pinhole structure or a light transmissive material, and a light source is disposed in a direction away from the light field image layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a point light source is disposed on the light emitting region, and the point light source is a light emitting diode or an organic light emitting diode.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pitch of adjacent light emitting areas is determined by: selecting a base point P1 on the point light source array layer, recording boundary points of corresponding areas of the visual range on the light field image layer through the base point P1, determining a point which is farthest from the base point P1 in intersection points of the boundary points and the connecting line of the visual range and the point light source array layer as a second light emitting area P2, and sequentially and iteratively calculating until the distance between the light emitting areas reaches a preset value.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pitch of adjacent light emitting areas is determined by: defining a view opening angle theta Pi which is used for bisecting the corresponding light emitting zone through a normal line of each light emitting zone Pi, selecting a base point P1 on the point light source array layer, wherein the view opening angle of the base point P1 at least covers the visual range, and a corresponding area A1 is arranged on the light field image layer, determining that the view opening angle at least covers the visual range, and a point, which is formed on the light field image layer and is in contact with the corresponding area A1, is a second light emitting zone P2, and sequentially and iteratively calculating until the distance between the light emitting zones reaches a preset value.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the preset value is calculated by the following formula:
D1<＝2*L*tan(α/2)
wherein D1 represents a preset value, L represents the minimum distance between the point light source array layer and the visible range, and α represents the human eye visual resolution angle.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the base point is an intersection point of a center line of the visible range and the point light source array layer.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the two-dimensional light field image of the light field image layer is in color.
Compared with the prior art, the invention forms the spaced light field image layer and the point light source array layer in the film structure, so that the two-dimensional image on the light field image layer presents a three-dimensional light field in a three-dimensional space in a visible area, and the three-dimensional light field contains sufficient information of the three-dimensional image, so that people can watch vivid three-dimensional images from different angles by naked eyes. The visual range does not overlap through the projection region of arbitrary two adjacent light emitting areas on the light field image layer, can increase the quantity of light emitting area under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the viewing effect, improves the resolution ratio of image, promotes user's visual experience.
Drawings
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, wherein:
FIGS. 1A-1C are schematic structural diagrams of a thin film structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thin film structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a distribution principle of light emitting areas on a point light source array layer of a thin film structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 4A-4C are schematic diagrams of a method for determining a pitch of light emitting regions in a thin film structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 5A-5C are schematic diagrams of a method for determining a pitch of light emitting regions in a thin film structure according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a point light source array layer in a thin film structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary thin film structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As used in this application and the appended claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not intended to be inclusive in the singular, but rather are intended to be inclusive in the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that steps and elements are included which are explicitly identified, that the steps and elements do not form an exclusive list, and that a method or apparatus may include other steps or elements.
In describing the embodiments of the present application in detail, the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not enlarged partially in a general scale for convenience of illustration, and the schematic drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present application. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
For convenience in description, spatial relational terms such as "below," "beneath," "below," "under," "over," "upper," and the like may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that these terms of spatial relationship are intended to encompass other orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary words "below" and "beneath" can encompass both an orientation of up and down. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatial relationship descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly. Further, it will also be understood that when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or one or more intervening layers may also be present.
In the context of this application, a structure described as having a first feature "on" a second feature may include embodiments in which the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which additional features are formed in between the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact.
Fig. 1A-1C are schematic structural diagrams of a thin film structure according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 1A, the thin film structure 100 is rectangular and includes a body 101, and a light field image layer 110 and a point light source array layer 120 are formed on both sides of the body 101. The light field image layer 110 is located between the point light source array layer 120 and the viewing area 140 (not shown). The light field image layer 110 and the point light source array layer 120 are parallel to each other, and the body 101 has a certain thickness S, i.e. a distance S exists between the light field image layer 110 and the point light source array layer 120.
FIGS. 1A-1C are not intended to limit the thickness or shape of the thin-film structure 100. In other embodiments, the membrane structure 100 may have other shapes, such as circular, oval, square, etc.
The light field image layer 110 is used to display a light field image of a stereoscopic light field. The light field image is a two-dimensional image. The two-dimensional image is a two-dimensional image through a special tissue, and contains image information of different view angles of a three-dimensional object model. The two-dimensional image may be a planar image or a curved image. The two-dimensional image includes, but is not limited to, a still image and a moving image. In some embodiments, the two-dimensional light field image of the light field image layer 110 is color. Preferably, the light field image layer 110 is printed onto one of the two faces of the body 101.
Referring to fig. 1B, the point light source array layer 120 is a thin layer. The point light source array layer 120 includes a plurality of light emitting areas, as shown by white dots on the point light source array layer 120 in fig. 1B, the light emitting areas are distributed on the point light source array layer 120 in an array manner according to a certain rule. The light emitting region may be composed of a light transmissive material. The light emitting area of the light transmissive material is provided with a light source in a direction away from the light field image layer 110. The part outside the light emitting area is black to represent light-proof, and may be made of light-proof material added on the light-transmitting material. The light passing through each light emitting area can spread to a certain solid angle range.
In some embodiments, the point light source array layer 120 may be made of an opaque material, and the light emitting areas thereon may be through holes substantially penetrating the thickness direction of the point light source array layer 120, so that light can pass through the light emitting areas.
A point light source is disposed on each light emitting area of the point light source array layer 120. The point light source may emit light actively or passively. The point light sources may be integrated in the point light source array layer 120, or may be connected to the light emitting areas on the point light source array layer 120 by a technical means such as optical fibers, so as to provide point light sources for the light emitting areas. For example, the point Light source may be a Light-Emitting Diode (LED) or an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED).
When the point light source array layer 120 passively emits light, the point light source array layer 120 is a passive light emitting layer, and a backlight light source is disposed in the passive light emitting layer in a direction away from the light field image layer 110, and light emitted from the backlight light source is guided to each light emitting region, so that each light emitting region can passively emit light. The backlight light source is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a light source that can be conceived by those skilled in the art can be used.
In some embodiments, the point light source array layer 120 as a passive light emitting layer can passively emit light by transmitting light, reflecting light, scattering light, or the like.
In some embodiments, the thickness S of the body 101 is adjusted for optimizing the three-dimensional virtual image displayed by the thin-film structure 100 of the present invention.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the spacing between adjacent light emitting areas on the point light source array layer 120 monotonically increases in at least one of the horizontal or vertical directions with distance from the viewing range 140, such that the viewing range 140 does not overlap in corresponding areas on the light field image layer 110 through any two adjacent light emitting areas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the body 101 is composed of a single transparent sheet. The light field image layer 110 and the point light source array layer 120 are formed on both front and back sides of the single-layer transparent sheet. The single layer transparent sheet has a thickness S corresponding to the distance between the light field image layer 110 to the point light source array layer 120. By way of example and not limitation, the body 101 of the film structure 100 may also be formed by stacking a plurality of transparent sheets, and the film structure 100 having a plurality of transparent sheets will be described in detail later.
In some embodiments, the light field image layer 110 and/or the point light source array layer 120 may be a transparent material. For example, the body 101, the light field image layer 110, and/or the point light source array layer 120 may be glass or an organic transparent material. In some embodiments, the organic transparent material may be acrylic, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or Polystyrene (PS).
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thin film structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. The body 101 of the film structure 100 includes at least a first transparent sheet 161, a second transparent sheet 162, and a third transparent sheet 163 stacked together. A point light source array layer 120 is formed on one side of a first transparent sheet 161, a light field image layer 110 is formed on one side of a second transparent sheet 162, and a third transparent sheet 163 is disposed between the first and second transparent sheets 161, 162 to form an integrated thin film structure 100. Preferably, light field image layer 110 and point source array layer 120 are disposed on opposite sides of the overall film structure 100, i.e., light field image layer 110 and point source array layer 120 are disposed on a side away from third transparent sheet 163. The first, second and third transparent sheets 161, 162 and 163 are stacked together to have a thickness S, which corresponds to the distance from the light field image layer 110 to the point light source array layer 120.
It should be noted that the thin-film structure 100 in fig. 2 can also be understood as being formed by laminating the point light source array layer 120, the second transparent sheet 162 and the third transparent sheet 163. The point light source array layer 120 is composed of an array of small holes formed by the first transparent sheet 161 and a uniform light-emitting plate on the side far away from the second transparent sheet 162. A light field image layer 110 is formed on one side of the second transparent sheet 162. The third transparent sheet cloth 163 is disposed between the first and second transparent sheets 161 and 162.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the film structure 100 comprises three transparent sheets. It will be readily appreciated that the third transparent sheet 163 may be replaced with more transparent sheets stacked together, or the intermediate third transparent sheet 163 may be eliminated directly. Thin-film structure 100 can be obtained by forming light-field image layer 110 and point-light-source array layer 120 on opposite outer sides of first transparent sheet 161 and second transparent sheet 162, and then laminating first transparent sheet 161 and second transparent sheet 162 such that light-field image layer 110 and point-light-source array layer 120 are maintained at thickness S. In other words, the body 101 included in the thin-film structure 100 may be formed of one or more transparent sheets.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a distribution principle of light emitting areas on the point light source array layer of the thin film structure according to an embodiment of the invention. The viewing angle shown in fig. 3 is a side view of thin-film structure 100. From this perspective, it can be shown that light-field image layer 110 and point-source array layer 120 are disposed on both sides of thin-film structure 100. In the example shown in FIG. 3, thin-film structure 100 has a thickness, corresponding to a distance S between light-field image layer 110 and point light source array layer 120.
Referring to fig. 3, a rectangle enclosed by a dotted line represents the visible range 140, and the visible range 140 represents all spatial ranges in which people can observe a three-dimensional virtual image in the application scenario of the present invention. Fig. 3 illustrates an example for theoretical calculations, and is not intended to limit the shape and size range of the viewable area 140. The light field image layer 110 is located between the point light source array layer 120 and the visible range 140. In other embodiments, the field of view 140 may be any other shape and size, such as circular, oval, square, etc. As shown in fig. 3, the closest distance between the visible range 140 and the outer surface of the light field image layer 110 facing the visible range 140 is L.
Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of short bars on the point light source array layer 120 are used to characterize the positions of a plurality of light emitting areas 130 on the point light source array layer 120. The spacing between adjacent light emitting areas is d.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, assuming that the light emitting region 131 is taken as a base point P1, the pitch between the light emitting regions on the point light source array layer 120 monotonically increases in the vertically upward direction as it goes away from the viewing range 140. In the embodiment of the present invention, the monotone increasing means that the pitch of the pinhole region is not decreased as it is distant from the base point, starting from the base point. In another embodiment of the invention, the pitch of all the pinhole regions is not exactly the same. Suppose that the light emitting region 132 is spaced from the light emitting region 131 by a distance d1The distance between the light emitting regions 133 and 132 is d2And so on, the light emitting region 13n is spaced from the adjacent pinhole below it by a distance dn-1These pitches should satisfy the following equation:
d1<＝d2<＝…<＝dn-1 (1)
similarly, with the light-emitting region 131 as the base point P1, the pitch between the light-emitting regions on the point light source array layer 120 monotonically increases in the extending direction along one end thereof in the horizontal direction with distance from the visible range 140.
In other embodiments, the spacing between the light emitting areas on the point light source array layer 120 increases monotonically in the vertical and/or horizontal direction along the extension direction of both ends thereof with distance from the viewing range 140. As shown in fig. 3, the light emitting areas 132, 133, … 13n are respectively distributed upward and downward with the light emitting area 131 as a base point P1.
Fig. 4A-4C are schematic diagrams illustrating a method for determining a light emitting region pitch in a thin film structure according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 4A, it is assumed that the visible range 140 is included in a spatial range surrounded by four boundary points of V1, V2, V3, and V4. The light emitting region 131 serves as a base point P1. Light is emitted from the light emitting region 131, which is the base point P1, on the point light source array layer 120, spreading out in a certain solid angle range. In this embodiment, for a certain visible range 140, the boundary at which light emitted from the base point P1 can reach the visible range 140 is defined by V1 and V2, and the light emitted from the base point P1 forms a corresponding area a1 on the light field image layer 110 located between the point light source array layer 120 and the visible range 140. That is, light emitted from the base point P1 of the point light source array layer 120, after passing through the corresponding region a1 on the light field image layer 110, can be captured by the human eye located within the visible range 140.
Conversely, light rays from viewing range 140 may converge at base point P1 of point-source array layer 120 through corresponding region A1 on light-field image layer 110.
It is understood that the light emitted from the point light source array layer 120 is from an actively emitting point light source, or other light sources that passively emit light.
As shown in fig. 4A, the corresponding region a1 has two boundary points TP1 and BP1 in the vertical direction of the light-field image layer 110. The two boundary points are only used to illustrate the extent of the corresponding region a1 in the vertical direction of the light-field image layer 110, and do not represent points in a practical sense. In the present embodiment, the corresponding region a1 may be rectangular, and accordingly, TP1 and BP1 may represent two straight lines in the horizontal direction of the light field image layer 110 shown in fig. 1. In other embodiments, the corresponding region a1 may be any irregular shape, such as a circle, an ellipse, a square, etc., and accordingly, TP1 and BP1 may represent points on an irregular region on the light-field image layer 110, such as two points on the circumference of a circular region.
As shown in fig. 4B, taking the boundary point BP1 as an example, connecting lines may be drawn between the boundary point BP1 and the visible range 140, and the extending lines of the connecting lines in the direction of the point light source array layer 120 intersect with the point light source array layer 120 to form a plurality of intersections on the point light source array layer 120. Wherein a point farthest from the base point P1 is P2, and the intersection point P2 is determined as the second light emitting region P2.
Referring to fig. 4C, light is emitted from the second light emitting region P2 on the point light source array layer 120 and reaches the visible range 140, and a corresponding region a2 is formed on the light field image layer 110. That is, light emitted from the second light-emitting region P2 may be captured by human eyes located in the visible range 140 through the corresponding region a 2. There is no overlap between the corresponding region a2 and the corresponding region a 1.
After the light emitted from the light emitting region at the base point P1 and the second light emitting region P2 passes through the light field image layer 110, an overlapping region C is covered in the region of the visible range 140, as shown by the dotted line portion in fig. 4C.
According to the method for determining the second light-emitting areas P2, the positions of all the light-emitting areas may be calculated iteratively in sequence on the point light source array layer 120 along at least one direction of the vertical or horizontal direction until the pitch of the light-emitting areas reaches the preset value. The light emitting areas are positioned such that light is emitted from any one of the light emitting areas on the point light source array layer 120, and no overlap is found in the corresponding areas projected on the light field image layer 110 within the visible range 140. On the other hand, as the positions of the light-emitting regions are more and more distant from the base point P1, the pitch between the adjacent light-emitting regions monotonically increases, making the distribution of the light-emitting regions more and more dispersed.
However, for a human eye in the visible range 140, the minimum angular distance at which the human eye can distinguish between two luminous points is called the human eye visual resolution angle α, and the reciprocal is the eye resolution. Typically, the range of viewing angles acceptable to the human eye is between 0.5 minutes and 10 degrees. The spacing between the light emitting regions on the point light source array layer 120 in the embodiment of the present invention is limited by the human eye visual resolution angle α. The preset value D1 of the light emitting region pitch can be calculated by the following formula:
D1≤2*L*tan(α/2) (2)
wherein L is the closest distance between the visible range 140 and the point light source array layer 120.
Fig. 5A-5C are schematic diagrams illustrating a method for determining a light emitting region pitch in a thin film structure according to another embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 5A, the light emitting region Pi is any one of the light emitting regions on the point light source array layer 120. In this embodiment, a normal N passing through each light emitting region Pi is defined to bisect the viewing opening angle θ Pi of the corresponding light emitting region. The viewing angle θ Pi is oriented toward the viewing range 140. Obviously, this normal N not only bisects the viewing angle θ Pi from the middle, but also bisects the visible range 140 from the middle through the corresponding area a of the light emitting region Pi on the light field image layer 110. Light rays emitted from light emitting region Pi after passing through light field image layer 110 cover visible range 140.
It is to be understood that the normal N passing through each light emitting region Pi may also be a normal plane bisecting the viewing opening angle θ Pi of the corresponding light emitting region.
Referring to fig. 5B, in this embodiment, a base point P1 is first selected on the dot light source array layer 120, and the viewing angle θ P1 of the base point P1 at least covers the viewing range 140. As shown in fig. 4B, the field opening angle θ P1 of the base point P1 allows the light emitted from the light emitting region at the base point P1 to cover the visible range 140 after passing through the light field image layer 110. In other embodiments, the field of view opening angle θ P1 of base point P1 may cover a range that is greater than the field of view 140 shown in FIG. 4B. The light emitted from the light emitting region at the base point P1 forms a corresponding region a1 on the light-field image layer 110.
Next, a second light emitting region P2 is defined on the dot light source array layer 120. The open angle θ P2 of the second light-emitting region P2 at least covers the visible range 140. The corresponding region a2, where light emitted from the second light emitting region P2 is formed on the light field image layer 110, is in contact with the corresponding region a 1. That is, the corresponding region a2 is adjacent to and does not overlap with the corresponding region a1, and there is no gap between the two regions that is not projected.
The light emitted from the second light-emitting region P2 and other light-emitting regions far from the base point P1 can cover a range larger than the original visible range 140.
According to the method for determining the second light-emitting areas P2, the positions of all light-emitting areas, for example, the third light-emitting areas P3, etc., can be iteratively calculated sequentially on the point light source array layer 120 along at least one direction, i.e., vertically or horizontally, until the pitch of the light-emitting areas reaches a preset value. The light emitting regions are positioned such that corresponding areas of any two adjacent light emitting regions on the point light source array layer 120 on the light field image layer 110 do not overlap. On the other hand, as the positions of the light-emitting regions are more and more distant from the base point P1, the pitch between the adjacent light-emitting regions monotonically increases, making the distribution of the light-emitting regions more and more dispersed.
Similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 4A-4C, in this embodiment, the distance between any light emitting region P on the point light source array layer 120 and the other adjacent light emitting regions should also be smaller than the predetermined value D1.
And, in order for all light emitting areas on the point light source array layer 120 to have no intersection between corresponding areas on the light field image layer 110, the maximum distance Smax between the light field image layer 110 and the point light source array layer 120 is:
Smax＝min(D1/2/tanθPi) (3)
in the embodiment shown in fig. 4A-4C, thickness S of thin-film structure 100, i.e., the distance S between light-field image layer 110 and point-source array layer 120, should also be less than this maximum distance Smax.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5B, the second light emitting region P2 is located above the base point P1. Fig. 5B is not intended to limit the actual positions of the respective light emitting areas. In other embodiments, the second light emitting region P2 and the other light emitting regions may be located below the base point P1 in the vertical direction or around the base point P1 in the horizontal direction.
Fig. 5C illustrates an embodiment when the visible range 150 is circular. Referring to fig. 5C, the field opening angle θ P1 of the base point P1 is such that the light emitted from the light emitting region at the base point P1 can just cover the visible range 150. In other embodiments, the field of view opening angle θ P1 of light passing through base point P1 may cover a range greater than the visible range 150 shown in fig. 4C. Light is emitted from the light emitting region at the base point P1, forming a corresponding region a1' on the light-field image layer 110. In this embodiment, the method of determining the location of the remaining light emitting regions is the same as the embodiment shown in fig. 4B. A second light emitting region P2 is defined, corresponding to a field opening angle θ P2, and corresponding region a2' is formed on the light field image layer 110; a third light emitting region P3 with a corresponding view opening angle θ P3, wherein a corresponding region A3' is formed on the light field image layer 110; and so on.
The difference from the embodiment shown in fig. 5B is that, for the rectangular viewing range 140 shown in fig. 5B, the range covered by the viewing angle of each light-emitting region can be determined by the vertex of the rectangular viewing range 140 regardless of the position of the light-emitting region. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 5B, the visual field range of the light emitting region located above the base point P1 is mainly determined by the vertex V2. For the circular viewing area 150 shown in fig. 5C, the range covered by the viewing angle of each light emitting region cannot be determined by the fixed point on the circular viewing area 150 as the position of the light emitting region changes. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4C, the visual range covered by the open angle θ P1 of the field of view of the base point P1 is determined by W1 and W2 on the circular visual range 150; the visual range covered by the viewing angle θ P2 of the second light emitting region P2 is determined by W3 on the circular visual range 150; the visual range covered by the viewing angle θ P3 of the third light emitting region P3 is determined by W4 on the circular visual range 150; and so on. It is apparent that the light emitted from the second light-emitting region P2 and other light-emitting regions far from the base point P1 may cover a range larger than the original circular viewing range 150.
In some embodiments, the base point P1 shown in fig. 4A-4C, 5B, and 5C may be the intersection of the centerline of the viewing area 140, 150 and the point source array layer 120. In some embodiments, the intersection of the center line of the viewing area 140, 150 and the point light source array layer 120 can be located at any position on the point light source array layer 120. In some embodiments, the intersection point of the center line of the viewing area 140, 150 and the point light source array layer 120 is exactly the center point of the point light source array layer 120.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a point light source array layer in a thin film structure according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments, among the plurality of light emitting regions on the dot light source array layer 120, the apertures D2 of the respective light emitting regions are the same. As shown in fig. 6, the light emitting region in this embodiment is circular, and the aperture D2 represents the diameter of the circular portion of the light emitting region that actually allows light to pass through. For any light emitting region P, the maximum value D2max of the aperture is:
D2max＝2*Smax*tan(α/2) (4)
tan(α/2)＝E/2/F(P) (5)
where D2max denotes the maximum aperture of the light emitting region P, Smax denotes the distance between the light field image layer 110 and the point light source array layer 120 corresponding to the light emitting region P, α denotes the human eye visual resolution angle, E denotes the human eye pupil distance, and f (P) denotes the farthest viewing distance corresponding to the light emitting region P. This farthest viewed position should be within the field of view 140 of an embodiment of the present invention.
In other embodiments, the light emitting area may have other shapes, such as oval, square, etc. In these embodiments, the maximum value of the aperture, D2(P), may be the distance of the widest point of the light emitting region, such as the length of the major axis of an elliptical light emitting region, or the like.
It should be noted that, for any light emitting region P on the point light source array layer 120, the parameters related in the above embodiments, including the preset value D1(P) of the spacing between any light emitting region P and other adjacent light emitting regions, the maximum distance Smax between the light field image layer 110 and the point light source array layer 120, the maximum value D2(P) of the aperture, the view opening angle θ Pi of the light emitting region Pi, and the like, may be different from each other, or may be the same.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary thin film structure. Referring to fig. 7, the left and right images show three-dimensional images viewed from two different angles, respectively. With the film structure 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the two-dimensional image originally located on the light field image layer 110 is stereoscopically displayed in front of the film structure 100. People can directly observe different angles of the three-dimensional image from different visual angles through naked eyes. The thin film structure 100 of the present invention enables people to view natural stereoscopic effects with the naked eye without wearing special glasses or other additional equipment; when the visual angle of the person is converted, the three-dimensional image corresponding to the visual angle can be correspondingly seen, and the effect is vivid.
This application uses specific words to describe embodiments of the application. Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with at least one embodiment of the present application is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, some features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of the present application may be combined as appropriate.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the present specific embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and various equivalent changes and substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore, it is intended that all changes and modifications to the above embodiments within the spirit and scope of the present invention be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A film structure for displaying a stereoscopic light field, the film structure comprising a body, a light field image layer and a point light source array layer, the light field image layer and the point light source array layer being disposed on the body at intervals, the light field image layer being located between the point light source array layer and a visible range of the stereoscopic light field, the light field image layer being for displaying a two-dimensional light field image corresponding to the stereoscopic light field;
the point light source array layer comprises a plurality of light emitting areas, and the distance between every two adjacent light emitting areas increases monotonically in at least one horizontal or vertical direction with the distance from the visual range, so that the visual range is not overlapped through the projection areas of any two adjacent light emitting areas on the light field image layer.
2. The film structure of claim 1 wherein said body is formed from a single layer of transparent sheet having said light field image layer and point light source array layer formed on opposite sides of said transparent sheet.
3. A film structure according to claim 1, wherein said body comprises at least said spot light array layer, a second transparent sheet and a third transparent sheet stacked together, said spot light array layer comprising an array of apertures formed in said first transparent sheet and a uniform light-emitting panel behind said array of apertures, said second transparent sheet having a light field image layer formed on one side thereof, said third transparent sheet being disposed between said first and second transparent sheets.
4. A film structure according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting areas are pinhole structures or light transmissive materials, and wherein the pinhole structures or light transmissive materials are provided with a light source in a direction away from the light field image layer.
5. The film structure of claim 1, wherein a point light source is disposed on the light emitting region, and the point light source is a light emitting diode or an organic light emitting diode.
6. The film structure of claim 1, wherein a pitch of adjacent light emitting regions is determined by: selecting a base point P1 on the point light source array layer, recording boundary points of corresponding areas of the visual range on the light field image layer through the base point P1, determining a point which is farthest from the base point P1 in intersection points of the boundary points and the connecting line of the visual range and the point light source array layer as a second light emitting area P2, and sequentially and iteratively calculating until the distance between the light emitting areas reaches a preset value.
7. The film structure of claim 1, wherein a pitch of adjacent light emitting regions is determined by: defining a view opening angle theta Pi which is used for bisecting the corresponding light emitting zone through a normal line of each light emitting zone Pi, selecting a base point P1 on the point light source array layer, wherein the view opening angle of the base point P1 at least covers the visual range, and a corresponding area A1 is arranged on the light field image layer, determining that the view opening angle at least covers the visual range, and a point, which is formed on the light field image layer and is in contact with the corresponding area A1, is a second light emitting zone P2, and sequentially and iteratively calculating until the distance between the light emitting zones reaches a preset value.
8. The film structure of claim 6 or 7, wherein said predetermined value is calculated by the formula:
D1<＝2*L*tan(α/2)
wherein D1 represents a preset value, L represents the minimum distance between the point light source array layer and the visible range, and α represents the human eye visual resolution angle.
9. The film structure of claim 6 or 7, wherein the base point is an intersection point of a center line of the visible range and the point light source array layer.
10. The film structure of claim 1 wherein the two-dimensional light field image of the light field image layer is color.
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