CN112081906A - Gear backlash adjusting structure and adjusting method thereof - Google Patents
Gear backlash adjusting structure and adjusting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112081906A CN112081906A CN202010851713.4A CN202010851713A CN112081906A CN 112081906 A CN112081906 A CN 112081906A CN 202010851713 A CN202010851713 A CN 202010851713A CN 112081906 A CN112081906 A CN 112081906A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/12—Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gear backlash adjusting structure and an adjusting method thereof, belonging to the technical field of gear backlash adjusting structures and adjusting methods thereof; the technical problem to be solved is as follows: the improvement of a gear backlash adjusting structure is provided; the technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the adjustable flange type rotary table comprises a platform, wherein a rotary support mounting hole and an adjusting flange mounting hole are formed in the platform, a rotary support is fixedly connected to the rotary support mounting hole, an adjusting flange is fixedly connected to the adjusting flange mounting hole, a transition flange is arranged between the rotary support and the platform, a motor and a speed reducer are fixedly connected to the lower portion of the adjusting flange, a pinion is arranged on the adjusting flange, the center of the pinion is not overlapped with the center of the adjusting flange, the pinion is meshed with the rotary support, a spline of the pinion is fixed to the shaft end of the speed reducer, and a notch is formed in the adjusting flange; the invention is applied to the adjustment of the gear backlash of the engineering vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a gear backlash rapid adjusting structure and an adjusting method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of gear backlash rapid adjusting structures and adjusting methods thereof.
Background
At present, a hydraulic motor pinion is meshed with a slewing bearing to drive the slewing bearing to rotate, and the hydraulic motor pinion is a common structural form of a special device for a plurality of engineering vehicles. Too large or too small of a gear backlash has drawbacks for use: the large backlash causes large return stroke error, impact and noise, and the small backlash causes no oil storage space, poor lubrication and gear seizure.
The reason why the gear backlash cannot meet the requirement is as follows: 1) machining errors of the gear; 2) machining error of center hole distance of the platform; 3) And the installation and matching errors of the components.
Theoretically, there are two main methods for adjusting the backlash of the gear: 1) the base tooth thickness is manufactured, namely the limit deviation of the tooth thickness is fixed, and the center distance is adjusted to obtain an ideal side gap; 2) the limit deviation of the center distance is fixed, the gear tooth thickness machining precision is improved, and the ideal side clearance is obtained. However, in the prior art, the backlash adjustment is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and is not generally performed on the engineering vehicle. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a structure that can simply and quickly adjust the backlash of the gears.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that: an improvement of a gear backlash adjustment structure is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a gear backlash adjustment structure, includes the platform, be provided with slewing bearing mounting hole and adjustment flange mounting hole on the platform, fixedly connected with slewing bearing on the slewing bearing mounting hole, fixedly connected with adjustment flange on the adjustment flange mounting hole, be provided with transition flange between slewing bearing and the platform, the below fixedly connected with motor and the speed reducer of adjustment flange, be provided with the pinion on the adjustment flange, the center of pinion does not coincide with the center of adjustment flange, pinion and slewing bearing meshing, the axle head at the speed reducer is fixed to the spline of pinion, be provided with the breach on the adjustment flange, evenly be provided with a plurality of mounting holes on the adjustment flange. The slewing bearing is arranged in a centering mode through a transition flange and a spigot of the platform.
At least 60 mounting holes are arranged.
A plurality of adjusting holes are uniformly formed in the slewing bearing, and the number of the adjusting holes corresponds to that of the mounting holes.
And the control end of the motor is connected with the controller through a lead.
A method of gear backlash adjustment comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: installing a slewing bearing and a transition flange on a slewing bearing installation hole, wherein the slewing bearing is installed after being aligned with a platform seam allowance through the transition flange, and fastening the slewing bearing;
step two: firstly, a motor and a speed reducer are installed below an adjusting flange and fixed, the adjusting flange is placed in an adjusting flange mounting hole of a platform in a centering mode through a spigot without fastening, a gap of the adjusting flange is placed away from a slewing bearing, the center distance between the slewing bearing and a pinion is enabled to be in the range of 655.759 mm-656.2105 mm, finally, a spline of the pinion is installed at the shaft end of the speed reducer in a matching mode, and the pinion is meshed with the slewing bearing;
step three: the slewing bearing is manually pushed to rotate or is connected with a controller through a lead to control the motor to rotate at a low speed, then the gear clearance can be measured and quantified through a third-party tool, the current gear clearance is measured through a micrometer, and the measured data is recorded; step four: according to the third step, the observed size of the current gear clearance is gradually adjusted, the copper bar is used for knocking the notch of the adjusting flange to enable the adjusting flange to rotate, and the current gear clearance is measured and recorded through a micrometer every time the adjusting flange rotates once, so that the center distance between the slewing bearing and the pinion is gradually reduced, and the ideal gear clearance is achieved;
step five: in order to improve the gear backlash adjustment precision and prevent the gear backlash adjustment error, the adjustment measured value is compared with the gear backlash variation caused by the gear center distance deviation, so that the final gear backlash adjustment amount is obtained;
step six: and after the adjustment amount of the gear backlash reaches the optimal data through the steps from the first step to the fifth step, fastening the adjustment flange. In the fourth step, the notch of the flange is adjusted by knocking the copper bar so that the flange rotates in a specific rotating step:
at least 60 mounting holes are uniformly formed in a fluted disc of the adjusting flange, when the adjusting flange rotates one mounting hole, the rotating angle of the adjusting flange is at most 6 degrees, and the pinion is driven to rotate once through one rotation of the adjusting flange, so that the gear gap is adjusted once.
In the step five, the calculation steps of the gear backlash variation caused by the gear center distance deviation are as follows:
firstly, calculating the actual center distance between the slewing bearing and the pinion, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula: l iso1o2For centre distance of slewing bearing and pinion, Lo'o1For adjusting the distance between the flange and the pinion, Lo'o2For the slewing bearing and the adjustment of the center distance of the flange, theta is Lo'o1And Lo'o2An included angle;
and then calculating the center distance deviation of the gear, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Aa＝Lo1o2-L′o1o2in the above formula: a. theaIn a gearOffset of heart distance, L'o1o2Is the theoretical center distance;
and finally, calculating the gear backlash variation caused by the center distance deviation, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula: Δ jaIn the formula, a represents the amount of backlash variationnBeta is the gear helix angle, normal pressure angle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention increases the transition flange between the rotary support and the platform for centering and positioning to improve the installation precision, adjusts the eccentric arrangement of the flange and the pinion, and changes the center distance between the rotary support and the pinion by knocking and adjusting the gap of the flange, thereby changing the gear clearance.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the gear mounting platform of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the adjustment flange according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the adjustment principle of the gear center distance of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a platform, 2 is a slewing bearing mounting hole, 3 is an adjusting flange mounting hole, 4 is a slewing bearing, 5 is an adjusting flange, 6 is a transition flange, 7 is a pinion, 401 is an adjusting hole, and 501 is a mounting hole.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the gear backlash adjusting structure of the present invention comprises a platform 1, wherein the platform 1 is provided with a pivoting support mounting hole 2 and an adjusting flange mounting hole 3, a slewing bearing 4 is fixedly connected on the slewing bearing mounting hole 2, an adjusting flange 5 is fixedly connected on the adjusting flange mounting hole 3, a transition flange 6 is arranged between the slewing bearing 4 and the platform 1, a motor and a speed reducer are fixedly connected below the adjusting flange 5, a pinion 7 is arranged on the adjusting flange 5, the center of the pinion 7 is not coincident with the center of the adjusting flange 5, the pinion 7 is meshed with the slewing bearing 4, the spline of the pinion 7 is fixed at the shaft end of the speed reducer, the adjusting flange 5 is provided with a gap, and the adjusting flange 5 is uniformly provided with a plurality of mounting holes 501.
The slewing bearing 4 is arranged in a centering way with a spigot of the platform 1 through a transition flange 6.
At least 60 mounting holes 501 are provided.
A plurality of adjusting holes 401 are uniformly formed in the slewing bearing 4, and the number of the adjusting holes 401 corresponds to the number of the mounting holes 501.
And the control end of the motor is connected with the controller through a lead.
A method of gear backlash adjustment comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: installing a slewing bearing 4 and a transition flange 6 on a slewing bearing installation hole 2, wherein the slewing bearing 4 is installed after being aligned with a spigot of the platform 1 through the transition flange 6, and fastening the slewing bearing 4;
step two: firstly, a motor and a speed reducer are installed below an adjusting flange 5 and fixed, the adjusting flange 5 is placed in an adjusting flange mounting hole 3 of a platform 1 through a spigot in a centering manner and is not fastened, a gap of the adjusting flange 5 is placed away from a slewing bearing 4, the center distance between the slewing bearing 4 and a pinion 7 is enabled to be in the range of 655.759 mm-656.2105 mm, finally, a spline of the pinion 7 is installed at the shaft end of the speed reducer in a matching manner, and the pinion 7 is meshed with the slewing bearing 4;
step three: the slewing bearing 4 is manually pushed to rotate or is connected with a controller through a lead to control the motor to rotate at a low speed, then the gear clearance can be measured and quantified through a third-party tool, the current gear clearance is measured through a micrometer, and the measured data is recorded;
step four: according to the third step, the observed size of the current gear clearance is gradually adjusted, the copper bar is used for knocking the notch of the adjusting flange 5 to enable the notch to rotate, and the current gear clearance is measured and recorded by a micrometer every time the notch rotates once, so that the center distance between the slewing bearing 4 and the pinion 7 is gradually reduced, and the ideal gear clearance is achieved;
step five: in order to improve the gear backlash adjustment precision and prevent the gear backlash adjustment error, the adjustment measured value is compared with the gear backlash variation caused by the gear center distance deviation, so that the final gear backlash adjustment amount is obtained;
step six: after the adjustment amount of the gear backlash reaches the optimal data through the steps from the first step to the fifth step, the adjusting flange 5 is fastened.
In the fourth step, the notch of the adjusting flange 5 is knocked by the copper rod to rotate the adjusting flange, and the concrete rotating steps are as follows:
at least 60 mounting holes 501 are uniformly formed in a fluted disc of the adjusting flange 5, when the adjusting flange 5 rotates one mounting hole 501, the rotating angle of the adjusting flange 5 is at most 6 degrees, and the pinion 7 is driven to rotate once through one rotation of the adjusting flange 5, so that the gear clearance is adjusted once.
In the step five, the calculation steps of the gear backlash variation caused by the gear center distance deviation are as follows:
firstly, calculating the actual center distance between the slewing bearing and the pinion, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula: l iso1o2For centre distance of slewing bearing and pinion, Lo'o1For adjusting the distance between the flange and the pinion, Lo'o2For the slewing bearing and the adjustment of the center distance of the flange, theta is Lo'o1And Lo'o2An included angle;
and then calculating the center distance deviation of the gear, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Aa＝Lo1o2-L′o1o2in the above formula: a. theaIs gear center distance deviation, L'o1o2Is the theoretical center distance;
finally, calculating the gear backlash caused by the center distance deviationMomentum, the calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula: Δ jaIn the formula, a represents the amount of backlash variationnBeta is the gear helix angle, normal pressure angle.
The invention relates to a gear backlash adjusting structure, in particular to an adjusting structure of gear backlash of an engineering vehicle, in particular to an adjusting structure and an adjusting method of meshing backlash of a rotary support and a motor pinion.
The slewing bearing 4 is aligned with a spigot of the platform 1 through the transition flange 6 and then installed, the motor and the speed reducer are fixed with the adjusting flange 5 at first, the rear adjusting flange 5 is aligned with the spigot of the platform 1, finally the pinion 7 is arranged at the end of the speed reducer in a spline fit mode, the adjusting flange 5 is not overlapped with the center of the pinion 7, the adjusting flange 5 rotates by knocking the notch of the adjusting flange 5 during adjustment, the center distance between the slewing bearing 4 and the pinion 7 is changed, and therefore the size of a side gap is changed.
The installation and adjustment steps of the invention are as follows:
1) installing a slewing bearing 4 and a transition flange 6, and fastening the slewing bearing 4;
2) the adjusting flange 5 is placed in the adjusting flange mounting hole 3 of the platform 1 and is not fastened, and the gap deviates from the rotary support 4, so that the center distance between the rotary support 4 and the pinion 7 is in a larger value;
3) a motor, a speed reducer and an adjusting flange 5 are arranged;
4) manually pushing the slewing bearing 4 to rotate or connecting a pipeline to enable the motor to rotate at a low speed, observing the size of a gap by using a tin wire or a tooth coated with red lead powder pigment, or observing whether the gear is meshed with abnormal noise, and measuring and recording an observed value of the gear backlash through a micrometer, wherein the tin wire has the characteristics of soft material, easy deformation, difficult damage to the surface of the gear and low cost, and the gap between the gear sides is quantized and convenient to measure by plugging the tin wire between two teeth to be meshed; the red lead powder has the characteristics of strong color identification and low cost, and is used for fully coating the tooth surfaces of the bull gear to be meshed for detecting whether the tooth surfaces of the bull gear and the pinion are completely meshed or not so as to be convenient for visual observation;
5) the copper bar is used for knocking and adjusting the gap of the flange to rotate, the center distance between the slewing bearing 4 and the pinion 7 is reduced, and the distance between the gears is adjusted by 6 degrees after the flange 5 rotates one mounting opening (60 holes in total), so that the gear gap is adjusted, and finally the gear gap is adjusted;
6) gradually adjusting the center distance between the slewing bearing 4 and the pinion 7 to obtain the final ideal tooth gap;
7) comparing by using a formula (3) to prevent the backlash adjustment error;
8) the adjustment flange 5 is tightened.
The gear backlash variation caused by the gear center distance deviation comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating the actual center distance by using a formula (1):
wherein L iso1o2For centre distance of slewing bearing and pinion, Lo'o1For adjusting the distance between the flange and the pinion, Lo'o2For pivoting support and adjusting the center distance of the flange, theta is Lo'o1And Lo'o2An included angle;
and then, calculating the center distance deviation:
Aa＝Lo1o2-L′o1o2(2) wherein A isaIs gear center distance deviation, L'o1o2In order to obtain the theoretical center distance,
the gear backlash variation caused by the center distance deviation is then calculated:
The gear backlash adjusting structure is simple in structure and convenient and rapid to adjust, adjusting accuracy can be higher by arranging the corresponding mounting holes 501 and the adjusting holes 401 on the adjusting flange 5 and the rotary support 4, when the number of the mounting holes 501 is at least 60, the adjusting accuracy of the gear backlash can reach 0.3mm-0.5mm, adjustment errors are prevented by comparing a simple formula with actual results, the gear backlash is in a proper position, gears run well, and good running of engineering vehicles is guaranteed.
It should be noted that, regarding the specific structure of the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules of each component adopted in the present invention is determined and can be realized, except for the specific description in the embodiment, the specific connection relationship can bring corresponding technical effects, and the technical problems proposed by the present invention are solved on the premise of not depending on the execution of the corresponding software program.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A gear backlash adjustment structure, includes platform (1), its characterized in that: a slewing bearing mounting hole (2) and an adjusting flange mounting hole (3) are arranged on the platform (1), a slewing bearing (4) is fixedly connected to the slewing bearing mounting hole (2), an adjusting flange (5) is fixedly connected to the adjusting flange mounting hole (3), a transition flange (6) is arranged between the slewing bearing (4) and the platform (1), a motor and a speed reducer are fixedly connected below the adjusting flange (5), a pinion (7) is arranged on the adjusting flange (5), the center of the pinion (7) is not coincident with the center of the adjusting flange (5), the pinion (7) is meshed with the slewing bearing (4), a spline of the pinion (7) is fixed at the shaft end of the speed reducer, the adjustable flange is characterized in that a gap is formed in the adjusting flange (5), and a plurality of mounting holes (501) are uniformly formed in the adjusting flange (5).
2. A gear backlash adjustment structure according to claim 1, wherein: the slewing bearing (4) is arranged in a centering mode through a transition flange (6) and a spigot of the platform (1).
3. A gear backlash adjustment structure according to claim 1, wherein: at least 60 mounting holes (501) are arranged.
4. A gear backlash adjustment structure according to claim 3, wherein: a plurality of adjusting holes (401) are uniformly formed in the slewing bearing (4), and the number of the adjusting holes (401) corresponds to the number of the mounting holes (501).
5. A gear backlash adjustment structure according to claim 1, wherein: and the control end of the motor is connected with the controller through a lead.
6. A method for adjusting gear backlash is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: installing a slewing bearing (4) and a transition flange (6) on a slewing bearing installation hole (2), wherein the slewing bearing (4) is installed after being centered with a spigot of the platform (1) through the transition flange (6), and the slewing bearing (4) is fastened;
step two: firstly, a motor and a speed reducer are installed below an adjusting flange (5) and fixed, the adjusting flange (5) is placed in an adjusting flange mounting hole (3) of a platform (1) in a centering mode through a spigot without fastening, a gap of the adjusting flange (5) is placed away from a slewing bearing (4), the center distance between the slewing bearing (4) and a pinion (7) is enabled to be in the range of 655.759 mm-656.2105 mm, finally, a spline of the pinion (7) is installed at the shaft end of the speed reducer in a matching mode, and the pinion (7) is meshed with the slewing bearing (4);
step three: the slewing bearing (4) is pushed to rotate manually or is connected with a controller through a lead to control the motor to rotate at a low speed, then the gear clearance can be measured and quantified through a third tool or method, the current gear clearance is measured through a micrometer, and the measured data is recorded;
step four: according to the third step, the observed size of the current gear clearance is gradually adjusted, the copper bar is used for knocking the notch of the adjusting flange (5) to enable the notch to rotate, and the current gear clearance is measured and recorded through a micrometer every time the notch rotates once, so that the center distance between the slewing bearing (4) and the pinion (7) is gradually reduced, and the ideal gear clearance is achieved;
step five: in order to improve the gear backlash adjustment precision and prevent the gear backlash adjustment error, the adjustment measured value is compared with the gear backlash variation caused by the gear center distance deviation, so that the final gear backlash adjustment amount is obtained;
step six: and after the adjustment amount of the gear backlash reaches the optimal data through the steps from one to five, fastening the adjustment flange (5).
7. A gear backlash adjustment method as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in the fourth step, the notch of the adjusting flange (5) is knocked by the copper rod to rotate the adjusting flange, and the concrete rotating steps are as follows:
at least 60 mounting holes (501) are uniformly formed in a fluted disc of the adjusting flange (5), when the adjusting flange (5) rotates one mounting hole (501), the rotating angle of the adjusting flange (5) is at most 6 degrees, and the pinion (7) is driven to rotate once through one rotation of the adjusting flange (5), so that the gear clearance is adjusted once.
8. A gear backlash adjustment method according to claim 7, wherein: in the step five, the calculation steps of the gear backlash variation caused by the gear center distance deviation are as follows:
firstly, calculating the actual center distance between the slewing bearing and the pinion, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula:
for the center distance between the slewing bearing and the pinion,
in order to adjust the center distance between the flange and the pinion,
for the centre distance between the rotary support and the adjusting flange,
is composed of
And
an included angle;
and then calculating the center distance deviation of the gear, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
and finally, calculating the gear backlash variation caused by the center distance deviation, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula:
wherein the amount of the backlash variation is shown in the formula,
in the form of a normal pressure angle,
is the gear helix angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010851713.4A CN112081906A (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | Gear backlash adjusting structure and adjusting method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010851713.4A CN112081906A (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | Gear backlash adjusting structure and adjusting method thereof |
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| CN112081906A true CN112081906A (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117973085A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Cone crusher bevel gear meshing pair installation and adjustment process method |
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| CN206246605U (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-06-13 | 陕西航天时代导航设备有限公司 | A kind of gear drive of gapless electric steering engine |
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| CN212564344U (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2021-02-19 | 山西航天清华装备有限责任公司 | Gear backlash adjusting structure |
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2020
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10332222A1 (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2004-02-26 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Kg | Gear train for servomotor, includes spur gears with interaxial spacing adjusted by relative rotation of gearbox casing sections |
| CN102425654A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-04-25 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Adjusting device and adjusting method for gear meshing backlash of slewing mechanism |
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| CN117973085A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Cone crusher bevel gear meshing pair installation and adjustment process method |
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