CN112080214A - 一种建筑复合膜 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种建筑复合膜,包括依次层叠的:ASA层、特种胶粘剂层和隔离膜层。本发明将ASA树脂以及ASA层的其他组分通过挤出机生产后可以作为一种耐候膜使用,兼具保色性佳、抗静电功能、自清洁功能,能够很好的应用在屋面维修领域或屋面装饰材料。本发明重点依靠特殊胶粘剂,使用耐候膜作为基材,重点解决材料粘结力不足、耐候性不佳、无阻燃和保色性问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种建筑复合膜。
背景技术
目前建筑屋面结构主要采用聚苯板、保温棉等作为隔热保温措施,这些材料导热系数低,可有效阻隔传导热,材料容易受潮,使热工性能受损,而且所采用的保温材料多为易燃材料,普遍存在一个难以解决的防火问题,国内外因保温材料导致的建筑工地火灾已累见不鲜。
金属铝箔放射率低,反射率高达95%以上,可有效阻隔辐射热,同时为不燃材料;国标GB50176-93《民用建筑热工设计规范》指出带铝箔的空气间层是提高围护结构热阻值与围护结构隔热措施之一,但是金属铝箔很脆,无法满足建筑工地安装要求,同时目前建筑围护结构功能单一,无法满足其他要求。
钢结构建筑的翻新、维修是对出现质量问题以及生锈非常严重的钢构件进行处理,钢结构建筑的缺点就是在于防腐性能低和耐火性能差,所以导致很多的钢结构建筑在使用到一定的年限的时候就需要进行翻新,维修的处理。钢结构建筑不同的部位对于维修处理也不一样,钢结构厂房屋面如果出现漏水的情况,就需要进行补漏的处理,而如果是生锈造成屋面钢构件出现损坏的情况,就应更换钢构件,做好钢结构厂房的屋面防腐。
随着城市建设加快,用户需求越来越高,客户希望使用不同彩色的建筑材料作为装饰使用。但是一般彩色装饰材料要么使用彩色油漆不环保且容易褪色,要么为PE、PP、PET等高分子膜材添加彩色色母生产,缺点就是保色性差。
市面上常见的屋面维修项目材料:
其一为金属铝箔或防晒膜涂布沥青基胶料或丁基胶进行施工,但基材膜耐候性差,隔热效果不佳。
其二为近几年新兴的材料TPO防水卷材,使用外露型TPO防水卷材复合无纺布,使用氯丁胶进行与钢板的粘结,TPO可以保证耐候性,但是成本较高,而且保色性不佳。
其三是使用氟碳涂料或氟膜,涂布丁基胶进行施工,氟膜不仅耐候性好,还有自清洁的功能,但市场基本未见过彩色的氟膜。
现有技术目前存在问题如下:
1、粘结力:有些材料使用沥青基材料进行粘结,耐候性和粘结力较差;
2、耐候性:依靠基材提供耐候性,但是需要的厚度胶厚或者基材如TPO配方成本过高;
3、阻燃:目前均不阻燃;
4、保色性:当客户需求彩色的材料时,外露使用褪色较为明显,通常1-2年颜色完全退化。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的缺陷,本发明提供一种建筑复合膜,包括依次层叠的:ASA层、特种胶粘剂层和隔离膜层;
按重量份计,ASA层由以下组分组成:
80~100份ASA树脂,
0.5~5份稳定剂,
0.1~1份无机颜料,
1~20份热塑性弹性体,
0.1~1份抗氧剂。
优选的,所述特种胶粘剂层选用的胶粘剂选自热熔压敏胶、丁基胶、氯丁胶、PU胶、丙烯酸类胶粘剂或环氧类胶粘剂。
优选的,,所述隔离层选用的隔离膜材料为聚乙烯、聚丙烯或PET。
优选的,所述ASA层的厚度为20~500um。
优选的,所述特种胶粘剂层的厚度为0.1~1mm。
本发明还提供上述建筑复合膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:称取ASA层的组分并混料,混合均匀,再用真空上料机吸入单螺杆塑料挤出机,将单螺杆塑料挤出机料筒温度调至190~200℃,模头温度调至200~220℃,挤出三辊进行热压定型,得到ASA层;
步骤2:将生产好的ASA层在涂布机上开卷,将胶粘剂熔融后经过模头涂布胶粘剂,根据客户所需厚度进行生产;
步骤3:涂布丁基胶后,隔离膜与其复合即可完成生产。
本发明将ASA树脂以及ASA层的其他组分通过挤出机生产后可以作为一种耐候膜使用,兼具保色性佳、抗静电功能、自清洁功能,能够很好的应用在屋面维修领域或屋面装饰材料。
本发明重点依靠特殊胶粘剂,使用耐候膜作为基材,重点解决材料粘结力不足、耐候性不佳、无阻燃和保色性问题。
热塑性弹性体作用主要是增韧、提高断裂伸长率、撕裂性能。
抗氧剂作用主要是提高ASA和复合树脂体系的耐候性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
一种建筑复合膜,包括依次层叠的:ASA层、特种胶粘剂层和隔离层;
第一层ASA层具有耐候、抗静电、保色性、自清洁功能的功能膜;
第二层为特种胶粘剂层且厚度≥第一层功能层;
第三层是隔离膜用于防护胶粘剂的污染;
按重量份计,ASA层由以下组分组成:
80~100份ASA树脂,
0.5~5份稳定剂,
0.1~1份无机颜料,
1~20份热塑性弹性体,
0.1~1份抗氧剂。
所述ASA层提供建筑复合膜的强度、耐候性、自清洁性、抗静电性和保色性。所述ASA层的厚度为20~500um,优选20~200um。ASA层通过挤出流延或者吹膜的工艺进行生产,如果需要特殊彩色,则添加彩色色粉进行调色。
ASA树脂是由苯乙烯、丙烯腈和压克力橡胶等三元聚合物共聚合而成的一种抗冲改性树脂,具有良好的机械物理性能,ASA和ABS的结构相似,都是由丙烯腈和丁二烯橡胶组成,其保留了ABS作为工程塑料所具有的极佳的机械物理性能。ASA具有很强的耐候性和比较好的耐高温性能,另外ASA是一种防静电功能和自清洁功能,能使表面少积灰尘。
所述特种胶粘剂选自热熔压敏胶、丁基胶、氯丁胶、PU胶、丙烯酸类胶粘剂、环氧类胶粘剂等,优选丁基胶。
所述特种胶粘剂层的厚度为0.1~1mm,优选0.25~0.6mm。
所述特种胶粘剂层,提供优异的耐候性和粘结力。
所述隔离层的材料为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、PET等。
所述隔离层主要是防护作用。
本发明还提供上述建筑复合膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:称取ASA层的组分并混料,混合均匀,再用真空上料机吸入单螺杆塑料挤出机,将单螺杆塑料挤出机料筒温度调至190~200℃,模头温度调至200~220℃,挤出三辊进行热压定型,得到ASA层;如果需要彩色ASA,再添加颜料即可;
步骤2:将生产好的ASA层在涂布机上开卷,等待丁基胶熔融后经过模头涂布丁基胶,根据客户所需厚度进行生产;
步骤3:涂布丁基胶后,隔离膜与其复合即可完成生产。
本发明将ASA树脂以及ASA层的其他组分通过挤出机生产后可以作为一种耐候膜使用,兼具保色性佳、抗静电功能、自清洁功能,能够很好的应用在屋面维修领域或屋面装饰材料。
本发明重点改进现有技术存在的耐候性不足、保色性差、抗静电和自清洁性功能不足的问题。
专利CN108505629A公开了一种建筑围护多功能复合膜,本发明建筑复合膜与其的性能对比如下:
表1 本发明建筑复合膜与建筑围护多功能复合膜的性能对比
建筑围护多功能复合膜 | 本发明建筑复合膜 | 备注: | |
耐候功能 | 优,≥15年 | 优,≥15年 | |
自清洁 | 有 | 有 | |
抗静电 | 无 | 有 | |
保色性 | 好 | 优 | 未见彩色氟膜 |
阻燃性 | 未知 | A级 |
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种建筑复合膜,其特征在于,包括依次层叠的:ASA层、特种胶粘剂层和隔离膜层;
按重量份计,ASA层由以下组分组成:
80~100份ASA树脂,
0.5~5份稳定剂,
0.1~1份无机颜料,
1~20份热塑性弹性体,
0.1~1份抗氧剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的建筑复合膜,其特征在于,所述特种胶粘剂层选用的胶粘剂选自热熔压敏胶、丁基胶、氯丁胶、PU胶、丙烯酸类胶粘剂或环氧类胶粘剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的建筑复合膜,其特征在于,所述隔离层选用的隔离膜材料为聚乙烯、聚丙烯或PET。
4.根据权利要求3所述的建筑复合膜,其特征在于,所述ASA层的厚度为20~500um。
5.根据权利要求4所述的建筑复合膜,其特征在于,所述特种胶粘剂层的厚度为0.1~1mm。
6.权利要求1至5中任一项所述建筑复合膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:称取ASA层的组分并混料,混合均匀,再用真空上料机吸入单螺杆塑料挤出机,将单螺杆塑料挤出机料筒温度调至190~200℃,模头温度调至200~220℃,挤出三辊进行热压定型,得到ASA层;
步骤2:将生产好的ASA层在涂布机上开卷,将胶粘剂熔融后经过模头涂布胶粘剂,根据客户所需厚度进行生产;
步骤3:涂布丁基胶后,隔离膜与其复合即可完成生产。
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