CN112067614A - Indoor model for identifying road surface state in highway tunnel and simulation method - Google Patents
Indoor model for identifying road surface state in highway tunnel and simulation method Download PDFInfo
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
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Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor model for identifying road surface states in a highway tunnel, which relates to the technical field of traffic state simulation detection, is a test device used for simulating real environments in the tunnel during operation, and provides a more reliable and accurate test environment for identifying the road surface states in the tunnel by adopting an infrared technology, and has the specific scheme that: the device comprises a simulated ground and an arc-shaped cover, wherein the arc-shaped cover and the simulated ground are arranged in a sealing manner, and door bodies are arranged at openings on two sides of the arc-shaped cover; an opaque light screen is laid outside the arc-shaped cover, the light screen and the arc-shaped cover form a simulation wall surface, and the simulation wall surface is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes; the structure in the model is as follows: the top is provided with an anemoscope, a dust meter and a plurality of light sources, a to-be-tested piece is arranged on the simulated ground, and the to-be-tested piece comprises a replaceable cement concrete test piece and/or an asphalt concrete test piece. The indoor model for identifying the road surface state in the highway tunnel simulates the environment condition of a real operation tunnel and makes up for the blank of not specially aiming at the aspect of identifying the road surface state in the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traffic state simulation detection, in particular to an indoor model and a simulation method for identifying road surface states in a road tunnel.
Background
The highway tunnel plays an increasingly important role in the traffic field due to the advantages of shortening mileage, improving traffic efficiency, saving land and the like. However, with the increasing automobile holding capacity and the gradual deterioration of the road environmental conditions in the tunnel, the traffic safety problem increases year by year and attracts people's attention. Once a traffic accident in the tunnel has high risk, the road surface state of the traffic accident has a vital influence on the driving safety. A large amount of dust and Egypt waste gas accumulated in the highway tunnel can reduce the visibility in the tunnel, and the dust and the Egypt waste gas are attached to the road surface of the highway to reduce the friction coefficient of the road surface, so that the highway tunnel becomes a section with multiple traffic accidents. Due to the special driving environment in the tunnel, any environmental factor in the tunnel may influence the accuracy of road state recognition, thereby influencing driving safety, such as the illumination environment in the tunnel, the concentration of pollution gases such as automobile exhaust in the tunnel, and the like, and the dust condition in the tunnel.
The existing technical means for recognizing the road surface state mainly adopts an optical principle, generally aims at outdoor open-air environment conditions, and the actual environment in a tunnel is obviously different from the outdoor environment, so that the common road surface state recognition test and analysis method cannot be applied. Factors such as illumination intensity in the tunnel, pollutant gas concentration such as automobile exhaust in the tunnel, dust condition in the tunnel can all produce certain influence to the light of infrared laser emitter transmission and the light that infrared camera received, influence phenomenons such as refraction, reflection, scattering of light to influence the accuracy of road surface state discernment. At the tunnel interlude, because the exhaust waste gas of car gathers, forms smog, and the light that infrared laser emitter sent can be absorbed and scattered by these smog, and these lights also can be reflected to the dust simultaneously, and the car headlight can form the light curtain with smog and reduce the propagation effect of light, influences the visibility, brings adverse effect for optical function.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an indoor model for identifying the road surface state in a road tunnel, which is a test device for simulating the real environment in the tunnel during operation, so as to provide a more reliable and accurate test environment for identifying the road surface state in the tunnel by adopting an infrared technology.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an indoor model for identifying the state of a road surface in a highway tunnel comprises a simulated ground surface and an arc-shaped cover, wherein the arc-shaped cover and the simulated ground surface are arranged in a sealing mode, and door bodies are arranged at openings on two sides of the arc-shaped cover; an opaque light screen is laid outside the arc-shaped cover, the light screen and the arc-shaped cover form a simulation wall surface, and the simulation wall surface is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes; the structure in the model is as follows: the top is provided with an anemoscope, a dust meter and a plurality of light sources, a to-be-tested piece is arranged on the simulated ground, and the to-be-tested piece comprises a replaceable cement concrete test piece and/or an asphalt concrete test piece.
In the scheme, firstly, a cement concrete test piece or an asphalt concrete test piece is selected to be paved as a simulated ground, and then the arc cover is placed on the simulated ground to keep the sealing performance of a contact area; the openings at the two ends of the arc-shaped cover are respectively provided with a door body for entering and exiting and an inlet and outlet of the simulated tunnel, then the outer side of the arc-shaped cover is paved with a layer of opaque light screen, and the arc-shaped cover and the light screen form a simulated wall surface of the tunnel; the simulation ground and the simulation wall jointly form a simulation tunnel, ventilation holes are formed in the simulation wall, tail gas and dust can be conveniently input from the outside, an anemoscope is arranged at the top of the simulation tunnel, the ventilation condition in the tunnel can be conveniently simulated, a dust meter is arranged at the bottom of the tunnel, the environmental condition in the tunnel can be conveniently simulated, a plurality of light sources are further arranged at the top of the tunnel, and the light sources are reasonably arranged according to the lighting requirements of different sections in the tunnel; the ventilation holes cooperate with a ventilation system to simulate the natural environment.
According to the scheme, the state condition in the highway tunnel can be truly simulated, so that an operator can predict the upcoming accident of the corresponding highway tunnel in advance, advance prevention is made for the possible risk, the safety of the road surface state of the highway tunnel is guaranteed, and the driving safety is improved.
As a preferred scheme, the ratio of the model to the actual tunnel is 1:10, the arc cover and the door body are made of acrylic plates.
In the preferred scheme, the ratio of the model to the actual tunnel is 1:10, the tunnel condition can be well restored, the pertinence is good, meanwhile, the simulation operation of people is facilitated, and the occupied area is small. Taking a common two-lane tunnel as an example, the tunnel length is about 3m at a ratio of 1: 10. The acrylic material has the following advantages: 1. the crystal-like transparency is achieved, the light transmittance is over 92%, the light is soft, the vision is clear, and the acrylic dyed by the dye has a good color spreading effect. 2. The acrylic plate has excellent weather resistance, higher surface hardness and surface gloss and better high-temperature performance. 3. The acrylic plate has good processing performance, and can be subjected to hot forming or mechanical processing. 4. The transparent acrylic sheet has a light transmittance comparable to that of glass, but has a density of only half that of glass. Furthermore, it is not as brittle as glass and, if broken, does not form sharp fragments as glass does. 5. The wear resistance of the acrylic plate is close to that of an aluminum material, the stability is good, and the acrylic plate is resistant to corrosion of various chemicals. 6. The acrylic plate has good printability and spraying property, and can endow acrylic products with ideal surface decoration effect by adopting proper printing and spraying processes. 7. Flame resistance: it is not self-igniting, but inflammable and has no self-extinguishing property.
As a preferred scheme, the size of the ventilation hole is 1-3cm2。
In the preferred embodiment, the ventilation holes facilitate the input of exhaust gas and dust.
As a preferred scheme, the bottom in the model is provided with a pit with adjustable depth for replacing a cement concrete test piece and an asphalt concrete test piece.
In the above preferred embodiment, the pit may use a floor which can be lifted and lowered, and then a simulated floor is placed on the floor.
Preferably, the asphalt concrete test piece comprises AC, OGFC and SMA asphalt surface layers.
Preferably, the light source comprises an LED tunnel lamp, an electrodeless tunnel lamp and/or a sodium tunnel lamp.
As a preferred scheme, a gasoline engine is movably arranged outside the model, and the gasoline engine inputs the exhausted tail gas into the model through a pipeline; the model internalization is provided with infrared laser subassembly and dust sprayer, and the dust sprayer includes the dust cover, and the dust cover passes through the pipeline to be connected with powder supply mechanism, and powder supply mechanism sets up outside the model.
In above-mentioned preferred scheme, infrared laser subassembly includes infrared laser emitter and infrared camera, and infrared laser emitter and infrared camera can be arranged relatively ground normal symmetry, and the contained angle with ground normal can set up to 30 °, 45 ° and 60 respectively, and equipment is apart from ground height 20cm, is convenient for measure. The dust ejector can be connected with a sliding rail, and the dust ejector can move up and down relative to the sliding rail.
As a preferred scheme, artificial dust is arranged in the dust mechanism, and comprises life dust, mineral dust, free silica dust and cement; the other end of the dust mechanism is connected with an air compressor.
Preferably, the bottom of the model is also provided with a cooling plate, and the cooling plate is positioned below the piece to be tested.
In the preferred scheme, a cooling plate is arranged below the to-be-tested piece and used for controlling the road surface states of dryness, humidity, water accumulation, icing and the like and better reducing the real situation.
An indoor simulation method for recognizing the state of the road surface in a highway tunnel is based on the indoor model for recognizing the state of the road surface in the highway tunnel.
In the scheme, the real scene of the tunnel is restored through the indoor model, or the simulation is carried out aiming at the extreme environment so as to measure and obtain different data, and the road tunnel is evaluated to obtain omnibearing data.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the indoor model for identifying the road surface state in the highway tunnel provided by the invention simulates the environment condition of a real operation tunnel and makes up for the blank of specially aiming at the road surface state identification in the tunnel. Factors such as illumination intensity in the tunnel, pollution gas conditions such as tail gas in the tunnel, dust in the tunnel and the like are considered, the infrared light source is optimally selected, influences of the factors on paths such as refraction, reflection and scattering of light are considered, a more real test environment is provided for identification of the road state in the tunnel, the operation is simple and feasible, and therefore accuracy of the road state in the tunnel is provided, and driving safety is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an indoor model for road surface state recognition in a road tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an indoor model for road condition identification within a highway tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein:
1. simulating the ground; 2. an arc-shaped cover; 3. a visor; 4. an anemometer; 5. a dust meter; 6. a light source; 7. a test piece to be tested; 8. a gasoline engine; 9. an infrared laser component; 10. and (6) cooling the plate.
Detailed Description
This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. "substantially" means within an acceptable error range, within which a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem to substantially achieve the technical result.
The terms in upper, lower, left, right and the like in the description and the claims are combined with the drawings to facilitate further explanation, so that the application is more convenient to understand and is not limited to the application.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An indoor model for identifying the road surface state in a road tunnel comprises a simulated ground 1 and an arc cover 2, wherein the arc cover 2 and the simulated ground 1 are arranged in a sealing manner, and door bodies are arranged at openings on two sides of the arc cover 2; an opaque light screen 3 is laid outside the arc-shaped cover 2, the light screen 3 and the arc-shaped cover 2 form a simulated wall surface, and the simulated wall surface is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes; the structure in the model is as follows: the top is provided with an anemoscope 4, a dust meter 5 and a plurality of light sources 6, a to-be-tested test piece 7 is arranged on the simulated ground 1, and the to-be-tested test piece 7 comprises a replaceable cement concrete test piece and/or an asphalt concrete test piece.
In the embodiment, firstly, a cement concrete test piece or an asphalt concrete test piece is selected to be paved as a simulated ground 1, and then the arc cover 2 is placed on the simulated ground 1 to keep the sealing performance of the contact area; the openings at the two ends of the arc cover 2 are respectively provided with a door body for entering and exiting and an entrance and exit of a simulated tunnel, then the outer side of the arc cover 2 is paved with a layer of opaque light screen 3, and the arc cover 2 and the light screen 3 form a simulated wall surface of the tunnel; the simulation ground 1 and the simulation wall surface jointly form a simulation tunnel, ventilation holes are formed in the simulation wall surface, tail gas and dust can be conveniently input from the outside, an anemoscope 4 is arranged at the top of the simulation tunnel, the ventilation condition in the tunnel can be conveniently simulated, a dust meter 5 is arranged at the bottom of the tunnel, so that the environmental condition in the tunnel can be conveniently simulated, a plurality of light sources 6 are further arranged at the top of the tunnel, and the simulation tunnel and the simulation wall surface are reasonably arranged according to the illumination requirements of different sections in the tunnel; the ventilation holes cooperate with a ventilation system to simulate the natural environment.
The embodiment can truly simulate the state condition in the highway tunnel, so that an operator can predict the upcoming accident of the corresponding highway tunnel in advance, advance prevention is made for the possible risk, the safety of the road surface state of the highway tunnel is ensured, and the driving safety is improved.
As a preferred embodiment, the ratio of model to actual tunnel is 1:10, the arc cover 2 and the door body are made of acrylic plates.
In the preferred embodiment, the ratio of the model to the actual tunnel is 1:10, so that the tunnel condition can be well restored, the pertinence is good, the simulation operation of people is facilitated, and the occupied area is small. Taking a common two-lane tunnel as an example, the tunnel length is about 3m at a ratio of 1: 10. The acrylic material has the following advantages: 1. the crystal-like transparency is achieved, the light transmittance is over 92%, the light is soft, the vision is clear, and the acrylic dyed by the dye has a good color spreading effect. 2. The acrylic plate has excellent weather resistance, higher surface hardness and surface gloss and better high-temperature performance. 3. The acrylic plate has good processing performance, and can be subjected to hot forming or mechanical processing. 4. The transparent acrylic sheet has a light transmittance comparable to that of glass, but has a density of only half that of glass. Furthermore, it is not as brittle as glass and, if broken, does not form sharp fragments as glass does. 5. The wear resistance of the acrylic plate is close to that of an aluminum material, the stability is good, and the acrylic plate is resistant to corrosion of various chemicals. 6. The acrylic plate has good printability and spraying property, and can endow acrylic products with ideal surface decoration effect by adopting proper printing and spraying processes. 7. Flame resistance: it is not self-igniting, but inflammable and has no self-extinguishing property.
As a preferred embodiment, the size of the ventilation holes is 1-3cm2。
In the preferred embodiment described above, the ventilation holes facilitate the exhaust and dust input.
As a preferred embodiment, the bottom in the model is provided with a pit slot with adjustable depth for replacing a cement concrete test piece and an asphalt concrete test piece.
In the above preferred embodiment, the pit may use a liftable floor, and then the simulated floor 1 is placed on the floor.
As a preferred embodiment, the asphalt concrete test pieces include AC, OGFC, and SMA asphalt topcoats.
As a preferred embodiment, the light source 6 includes an LED tunnel lamp, an electrodeless tunnel lamp, and/or a sodium tunnel lamp.
As a preferred embodiment, a gasoline engine 8 is movably arranged outside the model, and the gasoline engine 8 inputs the exhausted tail gas into the model through a pipeline; the model internalization is provided with infrared laser subassembly 9 and dust sprayer, and the dust sprayer includes the dust cover, and the dust cover passes through the pipeline to be connected with powder supply mechanism, and powder supply mechanism sets up outside the model.
In the above preferred embodiment, the infrared laser assembly 9 includes an infrared laser emitter and an infrared camera, which may be symmetrically arranged with respect to the ground normal, and the included angles with the ground normal may be set to 30 °, 45 ° and 60 °, respectively, and the height of the device from the ground is 20cm, which facilitates measurement. The dust ejector can be connected with a sliding rail, and the dust ejector can move up and down relative to the sliding rail.
As a preferred embodiment, artificial dust is arranged in the dust mechanism, and the artificial dust comprises life dust, mineral dust, free silica dust and cement; the other end of the dust mechanism is connected with an air compressor.
In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the mold is further provided with a cooling plate 10, which is located below the test piece 7.
In the above preferred embodiment, a cooling plate 10 is provided under the simulated ground 1 to control the road surface conditions such as dry, wet, seeper and ice, so as to better reduce the real conditions.
An indoor simulation method for recognizing the state of the road surface in a highway tunnel is based on the indoor model for recognizing the state of the road surface in the highway tunnel.
In the embodiment, the real scene of the tunnel is restored through the indoor model, or the simulation is performed for the extreme environment, so that different data are obtained through measurement, and the road tunnel is evaluated to obtain omnibearing data.
Taking the dimensions set in actual operation as an example:
size selection: in a ratio of 1:10, selecting a semi-circular acrylic plate with the diameter of 1.08 meters and the thickness of 1 centimeter as an outer layer cover, setting the length to be 3 meters, setting acrylic plate doors which can be strictly sealed and opened at two sides, and setting a controllable rubber glove at one side to conveniently control detection equipment in the model; a small ventilation hole with the diameter of 1 square centimeter is reserved in the model, so that the pressure difference between tail gas and dust during input is facilitated; the outermost layer is provided with a detachable black light screen 3 for simulating a real lining environment in the tunnel, the top of the model is provided with an anemoscope 4 for simulating a ventilation system in the tunnel, and the bottom of the model is provided with a dust meter 5 for simulating an environmental condition in the tunnel. And reserving a pit groove with adjustable depth at the bottom of the model, and placing cement concrete and asphalt concrete test specimens.
Light environment: the installation positions of the electric wires and the light sources 6 are reserved right above and at two sides of the acrylic plate cover, the types of the light sources 6 (LED tunnel lamps, electrodeless tunnel lamp lamps and sodium lamp tunnel lamps) are changed according to the illumination requirements of different sections in the tunnel, and the light sources 6 are reasonably arranged.
Tail gas: the gasoline engine 8 is used for simulating and generating tail gas generated by the automobile, the gas is led into the model through the closed pipeline, and the tail gas concentration change is tested by adopting an automobile tail gas analyzer.
Dust: the height of the dust ejector on the loading platform is adjustable, the dust ejector comprises a dust cover, one end of the dust cover is connected with the powder supply mechanism through a pipeline, and the powder supply mechanism is connected with the compressed air machine. The artificial dust includes living dust, mineral dust, free silica dust, cement, and the like.
The test method comprises the following steps: an infrared laser emitter and an infrared camera are used as test equipment, the infrared laser emitter and the infrared camera are symmetrically arranged relative to a ground normal, included angles of the infrared laser emitter and the infrared camera are respectively set to be 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees, and the equipment is 20 centimeters away from the ground. Three asphalt surface layers of AC, OGFC and SMA, namely a square asphalt concrete slab with the size of 30 x 30mm and a cement slab concrete slab with the size of 30 x 30mm are prepared to serve as test samples, and different pavement types in the tunnel are simulated. The bottom of the test piece adopts a cooling plate 10 to control the road surface states of dryness, humidity, water accumulation, icing and the like. And further processing and analyzing the images acquired by the infrared camera to acquire and identify the road surface state.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An indoor model for identifying the road surface state in a road tunnel is characterized by comprising a simulation ground (1) and an arc cover (2), wherein the arc cover (2) and the simulation ground (1) are arranged in a sealing manner, and door bodies are arranged at openings on two sides of the arc cover (2); an opaque light screen (3) is laid outside the arc-shaped cover (2), the light screen (3) and the arc-shaped cover (2) form a simulated wall surface, and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the simulated wall surface; the structure in the model is as follows: the top is equipped with anemoscope (4), dust meter (5) and a plurality of light source (6), is equipped with on simulation ground (1) and awaits measuring test piece (7), waits that test piece (7) include removable cement concrete test piece and/or asphalt concrete test piece.
2. The indoor model for road surface state recognition in a road tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the model to the actual tunnel is 1:10, the arc cover (2) and the door body are made of acrylic plates.
3. The indoor model for road surface condition recognition in a road tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the size of the ventilation hole is 1-3cm2。
4. The indoor model for road surface condition recognition in a road tunnel according to claim 3, wherein the bottom part in the model is provided with a pit groove with adjustable depth for replacing a cement concrete test piece and an asphalt concrete test piece.
5. The indoor model for road surface state recognition in a road tunnel according to claim 4, wherein the asphalt concrete test piece comprises AC, OGFC and SMA asphalt surface layers.
6. Indoor model for road state recognition within a road tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that the light source (6) comprises LED tunnel lamps, electrodeless lamp tunnel lamps and/or sodium lamp tunnel lamps.
7. An indoor model for road surface state recognition in a road tunnel according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that a gasoline engine (8) is movably arranged outside the model, and the gasoline engine (8) inputs exhausted tail gas into the model through a pipeline; the model is internally and movably provided with an infrared laser assembly (9) and a dust ejector, the dust ejector comprises a dust cover, the dust cover is connected with a powder supply mechanism through a pipeline, and the powder supply mechanism is arranged outside the model.
8. The indoor model for road surface condition recognition in a road tunnel according to claim 7, wherein artificial dust is provided in the dust mechanism, the artificial dust including living dust, mineral dust, free silica dust and cement; the other end of the dust mechanism is connected with an air compressor.
9. An indoor model for road surface condition recognition in a road tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that a cooling plate (10) is further provided at the bottom in the model, and the cooling plate (10) is located below the piece to be tested (7).
10. An indoor simulation method for road surface state recognition in a road tunnel, characterized in that the indoor simulation method is based on the indoor model for road surface state recognition in a road tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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