CN112067461A - Composite material bending test device - Google Patents
Composite material bending test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112067461A CN112067461A CN202010853789.0A CN202010853789A CN112067461A CN 112067461 A CN112067461 A CN 112067461A CN 202010853789 A CN202010853789 A CN 202010853789A CN 112067461 A CN112067461 A CN 112067461A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0023—Bending
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0405—Features allowing alignment between specimen and chucks
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of material mechanical property tests and relates to a composite material bending test device. The device comprises a pressure head assembly, a pressure head and a pressure head, wherein the pressure head assembly is provided with a pressure head; the support assembly comprises a base arranged on a lower beam of the pressure head assembly, a rail extending along the axis perpendicular to the pressure head is arranged on the base, the two supports are arranged on the rail in a sliding manner, and strip-shaped convex blocks are arranged on the supports; span adjusting part sets up two regulating blocks on the slide rail including slide rail and slip, wherein, has on the slide rail and holds the first notch of pressure head, the regulating block have with the second notch of the bar lug block of support. The distance between the two adjusting blocks of the span adjusting assembly and the first notch is adjusted according to the size of the test piece, and then the positions of the two supports are adjusted through the span adjusting assembly. The device can promote regulation efficiency and precision by a wide margin, can ensure simultaneously that the pressure head of bending test anchor clamps is located the centre of two supports and parallel to each other, and the span accuracy satisfies the standard requirement, has promoted the accuracy of test result.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of material mechanical property tests, and particularly relates to a composite material bending test device.
Background
The bending property of the composite material is one of the more key mechanical property parameters of the material. The bending test is mainly suitable for measuring the bending strength, the bending modulus and the bending failure strain of a test piece under the bending load. The measured test data can be used for production quality control and material specification preparation, and can also be used for structure design.
In order to improve the precision and efficiency of the bending test and obtain real and reliable test data, one of the key requirements is that when the test fixture and the test piece are installed, it must be ensured that: 1) the axes of the upper pressure head and the axes of the two supports are parallel to each other, and the upper pressure head is positioned at the center of the two supports; 2) the test piece is placed on the support in the middle, and the longitudinal axis (length direction) of the test piece is perpendicular to the axis of the loading head and the axis of the support; 3) the distance (span) between the two supports meets the standard requirement.
Figure 1 shows the three-point bend test fixture most commonly used today. In fig. 1, the axis of the upper ram 100 and the axis of the lower support 200 are perpendicular to the paper, the test piece 300 is a rectangular strip and spans across the two lower supports 200 along the length direction, and for this kind of fixture, when the test fixture is installed, the centering of the test fixture is mainly adjusted by two ways, namely vernier caliper measurement or a steel plate with parallel grooves. Both of these approaches have some drawbacks: 1. the test fixture is installed in a vernier caliper measuring mode, the installation process is not only complicated, but also the loading centering requirement is ensured by continuously measuring and adjusting the positions of the fixture and a test piece. This kind of mounting means, efficiency is not high and the precision is relatively poor. 2. The steel plate with the parallel grooves is adopted to install the test fixture, the number of the parallel grooves on the steel plate is limited, the mode is only suitable for several fixed spans (the span needs to be determined through the thickness of a test piece), such as 50mm, 75mm, 100mm and the like, and the thickness of the test piece is different due to the change of the layer spreading and the single-layer thickness of the composite material, so that the utilization rate of the mode with the parallel grooves is lower corresponding to different spans.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a composite material bending test device for quick location installation to the composite material test piece, ensure the loaded centering nature of test piece. This combined material bending test device mainly includes:
the pressure head assembly comprises a lower cross beam and an upper cross beam capable of moving up and down relative to the lower cross beam, the upper cross beam is connected with the force application mechanism through the adapter assembly, the bottom end of the upper cross beam is provided with a pressure head, and the pressure head is of a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical structure with a pressure head axis;
the support assembly comprises a base arranged on the lower cross beam, a rail extending along the axis perpendicular to the pressure head is arranged on the base, the two supports are arranged on the rail in a sliding mode, and strip-shaped convex blocks are arranged on the supports;
the span adjusting assembly comprises a slide rail and two adjusting blocks arranged on the slide rail in a sliding manner, wherein a first notch for accommodating the pressure head is formed in the slide rail, and the adjusting blocks are provided with second notches clamped with the strip-shaped convex blocks of the support;
before experimental, adjust according to the test piece size two regulating blocks of span adjusting part are for the distance of first notch, later pass through the position of two supports is adjusted to span adjusting part, and will the support is fixed, during the experiment, dismantles span adjusting part supports through two supports the both ends of test piece, the pressure head crimping through the pressure head subassembly the intermediate position of test piece.
Preferably, the ram assembly further comprises an upright post, the upright post is arranged between the lower cross beam and the upper cross beam, the upright post is fixed on the lower cross beam, and the upper cross beam is slidably arranged on the upright post.
Preferably, the upper cross beam is connected with the upright post through a linear motion bearing.
Preferably, the adapter assembly is connected with the force application mechanism through a pin, and is connected with the upper cross beam through a flange.
Preferably, the base of the seat assembly has a notch in which at least part of the lower beam of the ram assembly fits.
Preferably, the support is provided with a longitudinal limiting device and a transverse limiting device.
Preferably, the transverse limiting device is arranged on the strip-shaped convex block of the support in a sliding mode.
Preferably, a projection is arranged on the slide rail at the back of the first notch, and the center line of the first notch coincides with the center line of the projection.
Another purpose of this application is through drawing the measuring unit out of the test device from under the test piece, thus realize the measurement that the test piece is out of shape to the large deflection, specifically, this application combined material bending test device still includes the deflection caliber subassembly, the deflection caliber subassembly includes the bottom plate, be provided with first cylindricality guide rail on the bottom plate, the sliding is provided with the roof on the first cylindricality guide rail, and on the first cylindricality guide rail at the top plate and the bottom plate between the cup joint spring, still be provided with first stand and contact on the roof, the bottom plate sets up the second stand in the position under the first stand;
when the test is carried out, the deflection measurer component is fixed on a lower cross beam of the pressure head component through a bottom plate, the contact extends to the position right below the test piece, and the first stand column and the second stand column extend to the outside of the composite material bending test device and are respectively connected with two measuring ends of an extensometer.
Preferably, the deflectometer assembly further comprises a second cylindrical guide rail, the second cylindrical guide rail and the first cylindrical guide rail are arranged side by side, one end of the second cylindrical guide rail is fixed on the bottom plate, and the other end of the second cylindrical guide rail penetrates through the top plate.
This application can realize the centering installation of test fixture and test piece, can keep the load to pass through test piece geometric centre all the time, is applicable to the large deflection deformation of measurement test piece simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional composite material bending test fixture.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the composite bending test apparatus of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the adapter assembly of the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 2.
Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the ram assembly of the embodiment of figure 2 of the present application.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the seat assembly of the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a span adjustment assembly of the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the deflectometer assembly of the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 8 is a side view of the deflectometer assembly of the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 7.
Wherein, 100-upper pressure head, 200-lower support and 300-test piece;
1-adapter assembly, 11-flanged cylinder, 12-round nut, 2-pressure head assembly, 21-lower beam, 22-upper beam, 23-upright column, 24-linear motion bearing, 25-pressure head, 3-support assembly, 31-base, 32-track, 33-support, 331-longitudinal limiting device, 332-transverse limiting device, 4-span adjusting assembly, 41-slide rail, 411-first notch, 412-lug, 42-adjusting block, 421-second notch, 5-deflection measurer assembly, 51-bottom plate, 52-first cylindrical guide rail, 53-top plate, 54-spring, 55-first upright column, 56-second upright column, 57-second cylindrical guide rail, 58-contact, 59-linear motion bearing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application. Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
The application provides a can install fast and accurate composite material bending test device who fixes a position, as shown in fig. 2, mainly include adapter subassembly 1, pressure head subassembly 2, support subassembly 3 and span adjusting part 4 four major parts, wherein:
the pressure head assembly 2 comprises a lower cross beam 21 and an upper cross beam 22 capable of moving up and down relative to the lower cross beam 21, the upper cross beam 22 is connected with a force application mechanism through an adapter assembly 1, a pressure head 25 is arranged at the bottom end of the upper cross beam 22, and the pressure head 25 is of a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical structure with a pressure head axis; the support assembly 3 comprises a base 31 installed on the lower cross beam 21, a rail 32 extending along the axis perpendicular to the pressure head is arranged on the base 31, two supports 33 are slidably arranged on the rail 32, and strip-shaped convex blocks are arranged on the supports 33; the span adjusting assembly 4 comprises a slide rail 41 and two adjusting blocks 42 slidably disposed on the slide rail 41, wherein the slide rail 41 has a first notch 411 for accommodating the pressing head 25, and the adjusting blocks 42 have second notches 421 engaged with the bar-shaped protrusions of the support 33.
The adapter assembly 1 is used for being connected with a standard electronic universal material test, before the test, the distance between two adjusting blocks of a span adjusting assembly 4 and a first notch 411 is adjusted according to the size of a test piece, then the positions of two supports 33 are adjusted through the span adjusting assembly 4, the supports 33 are fixed, specifically, the distance between two adjusting blocks 42 of the span adjusting assembly 4 and the first notch 411 is adjusted, so that the distances between the two adjusting blocks 42 and the first notch 411 are the same, then a pressure head 25 is clamped in the first notch 411 of a slide rail 41 of the span adjusting assembly 4, and the positions of the supports 33 on a base 31 are adjusted, so that the cylindrical surfaces of the two supports 33 are exactly propped against second notches 421 of the two adjusting blocks 42 on the span adjusting assembly 4; finally, the positions of the two supports 33 are fixed, so far, the distance between the cylindrical surfaces of the two supports 33 is the required bending test span, and the pressure head 25 is positioned in the middle of the two supports 33 and is parallel to the two supports 33. During the experiment, dismantle span adjusting part 4 supports through two supports 33 the both ends of testpieces, through the pressure head 25 crimping of pressure head subassembly 2 the intermediate position of testpieces.
In some alternative embodiments, the adapter assembly is similar in construction to the adapter of a conventional testing machine, as shown in FIG. 3, the adapter assembly 1 includes a flanged cylinder 11 and a round nut 12. The adapter subassembly is mainly through the pin joint on the testing machine crossbeam, for example with the pin pass the pin hole of testing machine and the hole above the adapter in order to realize connecting, then fix through turning tightly round nut 12. Mounting holes are provided in the flange of the cylindrical portion 11 of the flange to allow screws to be used to secure the adapter flange to the ram assembly shown in figure 2.
It can be understood that, this application separates test piece and combined material bending test anchor clamps each other to through adapter subassembly interconnect, through one set of straight line motion mechanism independent each other with the testing machine guarantee bending test middle and upper pressure head move along bending clamp's centre orientation all the time promptly, this kind of centring nature is ensured by the centring nature of anchor clamps self, and is irrelevant with the centring nature of testing machine, even the centring nature of testing machine is not good, also can obtain fine test result through this test anchor clamps.
In the present application, the upper cross beam 22 of the ram assembly 2 can move up and down relative to the lower cross beam 23, for example, the upper cross beam 22 can be guided in the moving direction by a slide rail or other connection means. In some alternative embodiments, the motion guiding and limiting can also be performed by a rod-shaped structure and a linear motion bearing, as shown in fig. 4, the ram assembly 2 further includes an upright 23, the upright 23 is disposed between the lower cross beam 21 and the upper cross beam 22, the upright 23 is fixed on the lower cross beam 21, and the upper cross beam 22 is slidably disposed on the upright 23.
In this embodiment, the column 23 generally comprises two or more, with the ram 25 mounted on the upper beam 22. The two uprights 23 are parallel to each other, are mounted vertically at their lower ends on the lower cross-member 21 and at their upper ends on two linear-motion bearings 24 fixed to the upper cross-member 22. This arrangement ensures that the upper cross member 22 and the ram 25 thereon can move freely up and down along the column and remain in parallel relation to the lower cross member 21. The upper beam 22 is connected to the tester by means of an adapter as shown in figure 2. When the tester beam moves up or down, the ram 25 is free to move up and down and is always maintained in a parallel relationship with the lower beam 21.
In some alternative embodiments, the base 31 of the seat assembly 3 has a notch in which at least part of the lower beam 21 of the ram assembly 2 fits. Fig. 5 shows a specific structure of the seat assembly 3, the seat assembly 3 being used in cooperation with the ram assembly 2 to achieve the centring of the ram 25 with respect to the two seats 33 of the seat assembly 3.
Referring to fig. 5 and 2, the support assembly 3 includes a base 31, two supports 33, and associated screws and nuts. The middle of the lower bottom surface of the base 31 is provided with a groove formed by a notch, the groove is a strip-shaped groove, the width of the groove is consistent with that of the lower cross beam of the pressure head assembly, the groove can be just installed on the lower cross beam of the pressure head assembly (as shown in figure 2), the base 31 and the lower cross beam 21 of the pressure head assembly are in a vertical crossing mode, and the base 31 and the lower cross beam 21 of the pressure head assembly are fixed together through a plurality of screws. The perpendicularity requirement between the base 31 and the lower cross beam 21 of the pressure head assembly is high, so that the pressure head on the pressure head assembly is perpendicular to the long axis direction of the base 31. Install two supports 33 on the base 31, through a recessed groove type track 32, two supports 33 can move on the base 31, be provided with the bar lug on the support 33, the top of bar lug is arc structure generally, be used for supporting the test piece, the axial direction of this bar lug is defined as the axial direction of support 33, when carrying out track 32 and support 33 design, the axial direction of two supports 33 should be parallel with the width direction of base 31 all the time, and the perpendicular cross relation of breach on the base 31 of support subassembly 3 and the bottom end rail 21 of pressure head subassembly 2, the width direction of having guaranteed pressure head 25 and base 31 again is parallel. Thereby realizing the axial parallelism of the pressure head and the axial direction of the strip-shaped convex block (or the axial direction of the support). After the required span (distance between two supports 33) is adjusted during use, the nuts on the supports 33 are locked, so that the two supports 33 can be fixed on the base 31.
This application ensures through above-mentioned structural style that pressure head and two supports are parallel to this structural style can ensure the pressure head can be even press on the surface of test piece, rather than guarantee by artificial measurement and adjustment, has advantages such as adjust convenient and fast and precision height.
In some alternative embodiments, the support 33 is provided with a longitudinal stop 331 and a transverse stop 332.
As further described with reference to fig. 2, on each support 33, 1 longitudinal limiting device 331 and one transverse limiting device 332 are further mounted by screws, wherein the transverse limiting device 332 is slidably disposed on the strip-shaped projection of the support 33, and the transverse limiting device 332 is moved left and right by locking or loosening the screws, and the longitudinal limiting device 331 includes a mounting plate fixed on the support 33, and a screw bolt connected to the mounting plate, and the screw bolt is screwed in and out to axially push the test piece.
The position of the screw on the longitudinal stop 321 and the position of the stop strip on the transverse stop 332 can be adjusted during the test so that the test piece is placed centrally on the support with the longitudinal axis (length direction) of the test piece perpendicular to the indenter and the support.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the span adjusting assembly 4, and the span adjusting assembly 4 is mainly used for adjusting the positions of the pressure head and the two supports before the test so as to ensure that the distance between the pressure head and the two supports is the same and parallel to each other and ensure that the span between the two supports accurately meets the test requirements. The span adjustment assembly 4 mainly comprises one slide rail 41 and two adjustment blocks 42 and attachment screws. The two adjusting blocks 42 are precisely matched with the slide rail 41, the adjusting blocks 42 can move along the slide rail, but the two adjusting blocks 42 are always in a state of being parallel to the slide rail 41 in height. There is a columniform first notch 411 above the slide rail 41 for hold the pressure head 25 of pressure head subassembly, has a rectangle recess below the regulating block 42, second notch 421 promptly, and the width of second notch 421 just equals with the bar lug (the face of cylinder) width on the support of support subassembly, can ensure to press from both sides the face of cylinder of the bar lug on the support of support subassembly wherein just.
In some alternative embodiments, a protrusion 412 is disposed on the slide rail 41 at the back of the first slot 411, and a center line of the first slot 411 coincides with a center line of the protrusion 412. With continued reference to fig. 6, directly below the first slot 411 there is a tab 412. The center of the projection 412 is aligned with the center of the first cylindrical notch 411, and the distance between the center of the first notch 411 (i.e., the center of the upper ram) and the center of the adjustment block 42 (i.e., the center of each lower seat) is the distance between the center of the projection 412 and the adjustment block 42. The projection 412 is generally provided in a rectangular shape, and it is more convenient and accurate to measure the center of the rectangular boss than to directly measure the center of the circular first notch 411. The size of the first cylindrical notch 411 on the slide rail 41 can ensure that it is just tightly fit with the ram 25 of the ram assembly.
When the adjusting device is used, the positions of the two adjusting blocks 42 on the slide rail 41 are respectively adjusted, so that the distance between the center of each adjusting block 42 and the center of the projection 412 of the slide rail 41 is just half of the span required by the test (determined by measuring with a vernier caliper), and then the screws on the adjusting blocks 42 are screwed tightly, so that the adjusting blocks 42 are fixed on the slide rail 41. The adjusted span adjustment assembly 4 is placed in the test fixture such that the indenter 25 of the indenter assembly falls within the first notch 411 of the span adjustment assembly 4, and the positions of the two supports 33 of the support assembly are adjusted such that the cylindrical surface of the bar-shaped projection of each support 33 is positioned just within the second notch 421 of the adjustment block 42 of the span adjustment assembly 4. The span between the two supports is now equal to the span adjusted by the span adjustment assembly 4, while the ram 25 is located just in the middle of the two supports 33 and parallel to the two supports 33.
The application method of the composite material bending test device comprises the following steps:
the installation of test fixture is carried out before experimental: the entire bend test fixture is first assembled as shown in fig. 2. Then the adapter assembly of the bending test fixture is connected with the testing machine through a pin, a round nut on the adapter is tightly screwed so as to fix the upper end of the whole bending test fixture on the testing machine, and the lower part of the bending test fixture is directly placed on a lower platform of the testing machine without fixation. The span adjustment assembly is removed and the supports are adjusted in the manner described above so that the ram is centered and parallel to both supports.
After the span is adjusted, the longitudinal limiting device and the transverse limiting device on the two supports are adjusted according to the length and the span of the test piece, so that the test piece is just right positioned in the center of the supports after the test piece is placed on the two supports. The entire bending test fixture is now completely installed in the test machine.
When the test is started, the position of the upper beam of the testing machine is firstly adjusted, so that the pressure head of the bending test fixture is attached to the upper surface of the test piece, but no bending load exists. And then installing an extensometer or other displacement measuring instrument on the deflection measuring meter. And (4) formally testing after the deflection measurement is finished by installing an extensometer or other displacement measuring instruments. A continuous bending load is applied to the test piece at a rate specified by a standard, and a extensometer or other displacement measuring instrument continuously measures the bending deflection of the test piece. Loading was continued until the test piece broke. Test piece destruction extensometers (or other displacement measuring instruments) and test pieces were removed from the test fixture. A new test piece is then installed and the steps described in this paragraph are repeated to perform a new test.
This application relies on one set of span adjusting device to adjust the span and the position of pressure head between two supports, and adaptability is stronger, more convenient, swift and accurate, and when especially high low temperature class is experimental need to adjust the span, the device can promote regulation efficiency and precision by a wide margin. The adjusting device can ensure that the pressure heads of the bending test fixture are positioned in the middle of the two supports and are parallel to each other, and meanwhile, the span accurately meets the standard requirement, so that the accuracy of the test result is improved.
In order to be suitable for measuring large deflection deformation of a bending test piece, the invention also provides a composite material bending test device with a deflection measurer assembly, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the deflection measurer assembly 5 comprises a bottom plate 51, a first cylindrical guide rail 52 is arranged on the bottom plate 51, a top plate 53 is slidably arranged on the first cylindrical guide rail 52, a spring 54 is sleeved between the top plate 53 and the bottom plate 51 on the first cylindrical guide rail 52, a first upright column 55 and a contact 58 are further arranged on the top plate 53, and a second upright column 56 is arranged on the bottom plate 51 at a position right below the first upright column 55.
In the test, the deflectometer assembly 5 is fixed on the lower beam 21 of the pressure head assembly 2 through a bottom plate 51, the contact 58 extends to the position right below the test piece, and the first upright column 55 and the second upright column 56 extend to the outside of the composite material bending test device and are respectively connected with two measuring ends of an extensometer.
It will be appreciated that the first upright 55 and the base plate 51 are configured to ride in an L-shape, and the second upright 56 and the top plate 53 are configured to ride in an L-shape. This application will be located the outside that two supports were converted to the bending deflection under the testpieces through installing the L type structure on the linear motion guide rail structure to the problem of the big deformation of unable direct measurement that leads to under the testpieces space is little has been solved.
With continued reference to fig. 7 and 8, the deflectometer assembly 5 further includes a guide track round nut, a high temperature resistant linear motion bearing 59, two screws for attachment to the bend test fixture. The base plate 51 may be secured to the lower cross member of the ram assembly of the bending fixture by screws. The first cylindrical guide rail 52 is sleeved with a cylindrical spiral compression spring 54, and when the deflection measuring assembly is installed on a bending test fixture, a contact 58 on the top plate can be tightly pressed against the surface right below the test piece under the action of the compression spring. When the test piece is bent and deformed, the contact and the top plate are driven to move along the first cylindrical guide rail 52, the relative displacement between the two cylinders on the bottom plate 51 and the top plate 53 is the deflection of the test piece, and the bending deflection deformation of the test piece can be measured by measuring the relative displacement between the two cylinders in a mode of an extensometer and the like. The measuring method is suitable for measuring large deformation because the deflection deformation is not directly transferred to the outside of the bending fixture according to a deflectometer below the test piece.
In some alternative embodiments, the deflectometer assembly 5 further comprises a second cylindrical rail 57, the second cylindrical rail 57 being positioned alongside the first cylindrical rail 52, one end of which is fixed to the bottom plate 51 and the other end of which passes through the top plate 53.
In this embodiment, the first cylindrical rail 52 and the second cylindrical rail 57 are vertically mounted on the base plate. There are two smooth holes on the roof, one smooth hole passes through second cylindrical guide rail 57, another smooth hole cover is above linear motion bearing 59 and fixed with the linear motion bearing through the screw, the linear motion bearing cover is on first cylindrical guide rail 52, it can be understood that, such structure can ensure that the roof can be along two guide rail up-and-down free motion can not take place again around the rotation of first cylindrical guide rail 52.
This application will be located the bending deflection of test piece below and convert the bending test anchor clamps outside to measure through a set of deflection measuring device, has solved some traditional measuring methods and has not been applicable to the big deformation measurement's of bending problem.
Claims (10)
1. A composite material bending test device, comprising:
the pressure head assembly (2) comprises a lower cross beam (21) and an upper cross beam (22) which can move up and down relative to the lower cross beam (21), the upper cross beam (22) is connected with a force application mechanism through an adapter assembly (1), a pressure head (25) is arranged at the bottom end of the upper cross beam (22), and the pressure head (25) is of a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical structure with a pressure head axis;
the support assembly (3) comprises a base (31) installed on the lower cross beam (21), a rail (32) extending perpendicular to the axis of the pressure head is arranged on the base (31), two supports (33) are arranged on the rail (32) in a sliding mode, and strip-shaped convex blocks are arranged on the supports (33);
the span adjusting assembly (4) comprises a sliding rail (41) and two adjusting blocks (42) arranged on the sliding rail (41) in a sliding mode, wherein a first notch (411) for accommodating the pressure head (25) is formed in the sliding rail (41), and a second notch (421) clamped with the strip-shaped protruding block of the support (33) is formed in each adjusting block (42);
before the test, the distance between two adjusting blocks of the span adjusting assembly (4) and a first notch (411) is adjusted according to the size of the test piece, then the positions of two supports (33) are adjusted through the span adjusting assembly (4), the supports (33) are fixed, during the test, the span adjusting assembly (4) is disassembled, the two ends of the test piece are supported through the two supports (33), and the middle position of the test piece is crimped through a pressure head (25) of a pressure head assembly (2).
2. The composite material bending test device according to claim 1, wherein the ram assembly (2) further comprises a column (23), wherein the column (23) is arranged between the lower cross beam (21) and the upper cross beam (22), and the column (23) is fixed on the lower cross beam (21), and the upper cross beam (22) is slidably arranged on the column (23).
3. The composite material bending test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the upper cross member (22) is connected to the upright (23) by a linear motion bearing (24).
4. The composite material bending test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said adapter assembly (1) is connected to said force applying mechanism by a pin and to said upper beam (22) by a flange.
5. The composite material bending test device according to claim 1, wherein the base (31) of the seat assembly (3) has a notch in which at least part of the lower beam (21) of the ram assembly (2) fits.
6. The composite material bending test device according to claim 1, wherein the support (33) is provided with a longitudinal stop (331) and a transverse stop (332).
7. The composite material bending test device according to claim 6, wherein the lateral limiting means (332) are slidingly arranged on a strip-shaped projection of the support (33).
8. The composite material bending test device according to claim 1, wherein a projection (412) is provided on the slide rail (41) at the back of the first notch (411), and the center line of the first notch (411) coincides with the center line of the projection (412).
9. The composite material bending test device according to claim 1, further comprising a deflection measurer assembly (5), wherein the deflection measurer assembly (5) comprises a bottom plate (51), a first cylindrical guide rail (52) is arranged on the bottom plate (51), a top plate (53) is slidably arranged on the first cylindrical guide rail (52), a spring (54) is sleeved on the first cylindrical guide rail (52) between the top plate (53) and the bottom plate (51), a first upright column (55) and a contact (58) are further arranged on the top plate (53), and a second upright column (56) is arranged on the bottom plate (51) at a position right below the first upright column (55);
in the test, the deflection measurer assembly (5) is fixed on a lower cross beam (21) of the pressure head assembly (2) through a bottom plate (51), the contact (58) extends to the position right below the test piece, and the first upright post (55) and the second upright post (56) extend out of the composite material bending test device and are respectively connected with two measuring ends of an extensometer.
10. The composite bend test apparatus of claim 9, wherein said deflectometer assembly (5) further comprises a second cylindrical rail (57), said second cylindrical rail (57) being juxtaposed to said first cylindrical rail (52), one end of said second cylindrical rail being secured to said bottom plate (51) and the other end of said second cylindrical rail passing through said top plate (53).
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| CN114383953A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-04-22 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Plate bending test device and method |
| CN114486555A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-13 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Centering device and composite material three-point bending test fixture assembly |
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