CN112063012A - Preparation method of super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge - Google Patents
Preparation method of super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge Download PDFInfo
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- C08J2383/07—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge, which comprises the following steps of firstly preparing an organosilicon sponge SS; then preparing an organic silicon sponge SS-C; and finally, uniformly mixing ethanol, the fluorine-containing silane coupling agent and water to obtain a mixed solution C, adding the organic silicon sponge SS-C into the mixed solution C, and reacting at room temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge SS-F. The contact angle of the prepared organic silicon sponge water is more than 150 degrees, the rolling angle is less than 10 degrees, and the contact angles of oils (n-decane, gasoline, toluene, diesel oil, diiodomethane, sunflower seed oil and the like) are all more than 118 degrees; and the sponge has better thermal stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge, belonging to the technical field of organic silicon sponge synthesis.
Background
The organic silicon sponge is a novel organic silicon material with a framework based on silicon-oxygen-silicon, is one of 3D porous materials, and has a plurality of unique properties, such as high porosity, high flexibility, low density, no toxicity, flame retardancy, aging resistance, chemical stability, physiological inertia and the like. The composite material is used as a thermal insulation and sealing filling material, and has wide application value in the industries of aerospace, electronics and electricity, medical health, building industry and the like. The organic silicon sponge has hydrophobic and oleophilic surface properties, has natural advantages in the aspect of oil-water separation, but the properties of the organic silicon sponge not only directly influence the properties of the organic silicon sponge, but also limit the wider application field of the organic silicon sponge. At present, silicone sponges that are both hydrophobic and oleophobic (amphiphobic) are rarely reported.
In some applications, when the non-amphiphobic sponge is contacted with a liquid medium, the absorption of the liquid can reduce the sound insulation and heat insulation performance of the non-amphiphobic sponge. In recent years, due to the application potential of the amphiphobic material in the aspects of antifouling, self-cleaning and the like, people pay attention to the amphiphobic material, however, the construction of the amphiphobic material has certain difficulty, the chemical components and the structure of the surface are key factors for obtaining low surface energy, although a plurality of preparation methods exist, most of the preparation methods are multiple in manufacturing steps, time-consuming and require relatively high-temperature processes, the selection of a target substrate is limited, and the preparation method is also in need of improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, in particular to the problems of single surface property of the organic silicon sponge and complicated preparation method of the amphiphobic material, the invention provides a preparation method of the super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge.
The preparation method is simple, convenient, quick and easy to operate. The contact angle of the prepared organic silicon sponge water is more than 150 degrees, the rolling angle is less than 10 degrees, and the contact angles of oils (n-decane, gasoline, toluene, diesel oil, diiodomethane, sunflower seed oil and the like) are all more than 118 degrees; and the sponge has better thermal stability.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge comprises the following steps:
(1) adding polymethylvinylsiloxane, 3-mercaptopropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and benzoin dimethyl ether into a solvent, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution a, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation reaction on the mixed solution a at a low temperature, washing reactants with toluene and methanol, and drying at a room temperature to obtain an organic silicon sponge SS;
(2) uniformly mixing vinyl trimethoxy silane, benzoin dimethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran to obtain a mixed solution b, adding organic silicon sponge SS into the mixed solution b, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation reaction, cleaning reactants with dichloromethane, and drying at room temperature to obtain organic silicon sponge SS-C;
(3) and uniformly mixing ethanol, a fluorine-containing silane coupling agent and water to obtain a mixed solution C, adding the organic silicon sponge SS-C into the mixed solution C, reacting at room temperature, washing with ethanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge SS-F.
Preferably according to the invention, in step (1), the ratio of polymethylvinylsiloxane: 3-mercaptopropyl cage polysilsesquioxane: benzoin dimethyl ether: the weight ratio of the solvent is as follows: (10-50): (1-100): (1-20): (100-2000).
Further preferably, in step (1), the ratio of polymethylvinylsiloxane: 3-mercaptopropyl cage polysilsesquioxane: benzoin dimethyl ether: the weight ratio of the solvent is as follows: (10-50): (3-20): (1-10): (100-800).
According to the invention, in the step (1), the polymethylvinylsiloxane preferably has a vinyl unit content of 10-60 mol% and a number average molecular weight of 1 × 105～4×105g/mol。
According to the invention, in the step (1), the molar ratio of the vinyl in the polymethylvinylsiloxane to the mercapto in the 3-mercaptopropyl cage polysilsesquioxane is (1-5): 1.
according to the present invention, in the step (1), the solvent is one or more selected from cyclohexane, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene and ethanol.
Preferably, according to the invention, in step (1), the cryogenic temperature is between-50 ℃ and 0 ℃.
Preferably, in step (1), the wavelength of the ultraviolet radiation is 365nm, and the irradiation reaction time is 30 minutes.
According to the invention, in step (1), the polymethylvinylsiloxane concentration in the mixture a is preferably 3 to 10 wt.%.
Preferably, in step (2), the weight ratio of vinyltrimethoxysilane, benzoin bismethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran is as follows: (0.5-20): (0.2-10): (10-1000).
Further preferably, in the step (2), the weight ratio of vinyltrimethoxysilane, benzoin dimethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran is as follows: (1-10): (0.2-5): (10-500).
According to the invention, in step (2), the volume ratio of the mixed liquor b to the silicone sponge SS is (5-50): 1.
Preferably, in step (2), the wavelength of the ultraviolet radiation is 365nm, and the irradiation reaction time is 30 minutes.
According to the invention, in the step (3), the weight ratio of the ethanol to the fluorine-containing silane coupling agent to the water is as follows: (10-100): (1-20): (1-50).
More preferably, in the step (3), the weight ratio of the ethanol to the fluorine-containing silane coupling agent to the water is: (10-50): (1-15): (1-20).
Preferably, in step (3), the volume ratio of the mixed liquid C to the silicone sponge SS-C (5-33): 1.
preferably, according to the invention, in step (3), the reaction time is from 1 to 5 hours.
Preferably, in step (3), the fluorine-containing silane coupling agent is 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluoroheptadecyltrimethoxysilane or 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane.
A super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge is prepared by the method.
The super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge can be used as a hydrophobic and oleophobic material or a self-cleaning material and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the organic silicon sponge prepared by the invention has the characteristics of super hydrophobicity and lipophobicity, has a repulsive effect on water and various oils including toluene, diiodomethane, gasoline, diesel oil, sunflower seed oil and the like, has a water contact angle of more than 150 degrees and a rolling angle of less than 10 degrees, has an oil (n-decane, gasoline, toluene, diesel oil, diiodomethane, sunflower seed oil and the like) contact angle of more than 118 degrees, and has super hydrophobicity and lipophobicity on the inner side of the exposed sponge after being cut, and good uniformity.
2. The organic silicon sponge prepared by the invention has better high-temperature thermal stability, and the 5% thermal weight loss temperature is more than 303 degrees.
3. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate, the yield is high and can reach 76-85%, and the obtained organic silicon sponge has super-hydrophobic and oleophobic properties and can be used in the fields of buildings, traffic, industry and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a SEM photograph of the micro-topography of a superhydrophobic and oleophobic silicone sponge made in example 1 of the invention, with scales of 300 μm and 10 μm, respectively.
Fig. 2 is a photograph of contact angles of liquid drops on the outer surface and the inner surface of the super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge prepared in example 1 of the invention, wherein the liquid drops comprise water, gasoline, diesel oil, diiodomethane, toluene, sunflower seed oil and n-decane.
Fig. 3 is a thermal weight loss curve of the super-hydrophobic and oleophobic silicone sponge prepared in example 1 of the present invention under nitrogen and air atmosphere, and the 5% thermal weight loss temperatures are 342 ℃ and 303.5 ℃ respectively.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples and figures, without however restricting the scope of the invention thereto.
The starting materials used in the examples are all conventional commercial products or are prepared according to literature methods.
Example 1
A preparation method of a super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge comprises the following steps:
(1) 1g of polymethylvinylsiloxane (the mol percentage content of the vinyl is 40 percent), 0.5g of 3-mercaptopropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, 0.1g of benzoin dimethyl ether and 20g of cyclohexane are added into a weighing bottle, mixed and stirred uniformly. Placing in a low-temperature environment of-10 ℃, illuminating for 30 minutes by an ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 365nm, cleaning by toluene and methanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain the organic silicon sponge SS.
(2) Adding 0.1g of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 0.1g of benzoin dimethyl ether and 10g of tetrahydrofuran into a weighing bottle, uniformly stirring, adding the organic silicon sponge SS obtained in the step (1), and irradiating for 30 minutes under an ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 365 nm. Washing with dichloromethane, and drying at room temperature to obtain organic silicon sponge SS-C;
(3) and (3) adding 10g of ethanol, 3g of fluorine-containing silane coupling agent and 5g of water into a weighing bottle, uniformly mixing, adding the sponge SS-C obtained in the step (2), reacting for 1-5 hours at room temperature, washing with ethanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge SS-F.
Fig. 1 is an SEM spectrum of the product obtained in this example, fig. 2 is a photograph of a droplet contact angle test of the outer surface and the inner surface of the product obtained in this example, and fig. 3 is a thermogravimetric curve of the silicone sponge obtained in this example under nitrogen and air atmosphere.
The outer and inner surface contact angles of the superhydrophobic, oleophobic silicone sponge prepared in example 1 were tested and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Example 2
A preparation method of a super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge comprises the following steps:
(1) 2g of polymethylvinylsiloxane (the mol percentage of the vinyl is 20 percent), 0.6g of 3-mercaptopropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, 0.2g of benzoin dimethyl ether and 30g of benzene are added into a weighing bottle, and the mixture is mixed and stirred uniformly. Placing in a low temperature environment of-20 deg.C, and irradiating for 30 min with 365nm ultraviolet lamp. And (4) washing with toluene and methanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain the organic silicon sponge SS.
(2) Adding 0.2g of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 0.2g of benzoin dimethyl ether and 15g of tetrahydrofuran into a weighing bottle, uniformly stirring, adding the organic silicon sponge SS obtained in the step (1), and irradiating for 30 minutes under an ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 365 nm. Washing with dichloromethane, and drying at room temperature to obtain the organic silicon sponge SS-C.
(3) And (3) adding 15g of ethanol, 2g of fluorine-containing silane coupling agent and 5g of water into a weighing bottle, uniformly mixing, adding the sponge SS-C obtained in the step (2), reacting for 1-5 hours at room temperature, washing with ethanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge SS-F.
Example 3
A preparation method of a super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge comprises the following steps:
(1) 3g of polymethylvinylsiloxane (the mol percentage of the vinyl is 50 percent), 0.8g of 3-mercaptopropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, 0.2g of benzoin dimethyl ether and 30g of dimethyl sulfoxide are added into a weighing bottle, and the mixture is mixed and stirred uniformly. Placing in a low temperature environment of-30 deg.C, and irradiating for 30 min with 365nm ultraviolet lamp. And (4) washing with toluene and methanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain the organic silicon sponge SS.
(2) Adding 0.3g of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 0.25g of benzoin dimethyl ether and 19g of tetrahydrofuran into a weighing bottle, uniformly stirring, adding the organic silicon sponge SS obtained in the step (1), and irradiating for 30 minutes under an ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 365 nm. Washing with dichloromethane, and drying at room temperature to obtain the organic silicon sponge SS-C.
(3) And (3) adding 20g of ethanol, 4g of fluorine-containing silane coupling agent and 6g of water into a weighing bottle, uniformly mixing, adding the sponge SS-C obtained in the step (2), reacting for 1-5 hours at room temperature, washing with ethanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge SS-F.
Example 4
A preparation method of a super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge comprises the following steps:
(1) 1.5g of polymethylvinylsiloxane (30 mol% of vinyl), 0.4g of 3-mercaptopropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, 0.1g of benzoin dimethyl ether and 13g of cyclohexane are added into a weighing bottle, mixed and stirred uniformly. Placing in a low temperature environment of-40 deg.C, and irradiating for 30 min with 365nm ultraviolet lamp. And (4) washing with toluene and methanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain the organic silicon sponge SS.
(2) Adding 0.16g of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 0.12g of benzoin dimethyl ether and 13g of tetrahydrofuran into a weighing bottle, uniformly stirring, adding the organic silicon sponge SS obtained in the step (1), and irradiating for 30 minutes under an ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 365 nm. Washing with dichloromethane, and drying at room temperature to obtain the organic silicon sponge SS-C.
(3) And (3) adding 15g of ethanol, 2g of fluorine-containing silane coupling agent and 2g of water into a weighing bottle, uniformly mixing, adding the sponge SS-C obtained in the step (2), reacting for 1-5 hours at room temperature, washing with ethanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge SS-F.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge comprises the following steps:
(1) adding polymethylvinylsiloxane, 3-mercaptopropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and benzoin dimethyl ether into a solvent, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution a, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation reaction on the mixed solution a at a low temperature, washing reactants with toluene and methanol, and drying at a room temperature to obtain an organic silicon sponge SS;
(2) uniformly mixing vinyl trimethoxy silane, benzoin dimethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran to obtain a mixed solution b, adding organic silicon sponge SS into the mixed solution b, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation reaction, cleaning reactants with dichloromethane, and drying at room temperature to obtain organic silicon sponge SS-C;
(3) and uniformly mixing ethanol, a fluorine-containing silane coupling agent and water to obtain a mixed solution C, adding the organic silicon sponge SS-C into the mixed solution C, reacting at room temperature, washing with ethanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge SS-F.
2. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic and oleophobic silicone sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), the ratio of polymethylvinylsiloxane: 3-mercaptopropyl cage polysilsesquioxane: benzoin dimethyl ether: the weight ratio of the solvent is as follows: (10-50): (1-100): (1-20): (100- & lt2000-); preferably, in step (1), the ratio of polymethylvinylsiloxane: 3-mercaptopropyl cage polysilsesquioxane: benzoin dimethyl ether: the weight ratio of the solvent is as follows: (10-50): (3-20): (1-10): (100-800).
3. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), the polymethylvinylsiloxane has a vinyl chain unit content of 10-60% by mole and a number average molecular weight of 1 x 105～4×105g/mol。
4. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic and oleophobic silicone sponge according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the molar ratio of vinyl groups in the polymethylvinylsiloxane to mercapto groups in the 3-mercaptopropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane is (1-5): 1.
5. the method for preparing the superhydrophobic and oleophobic silicone sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), the solvent is one or a mixture of two or more selected from cyclohexane, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene and ethanol.
6. The preparation method of the superhydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that the low temperature is-50 ℃ to 0 ℃, the ultraviolet radiation wavelength is 365nm, the radiation reaction time is 30 minutes, and the concentration of polymethylvinylsiloxane in the mixed solution a is 3 to 10 wt%.
7. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the weight ratio of vinyltrimethoxysilane, benzoin dimethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran is as follows: (0.5-20): (0.2-10): (10-1000), preferably, in the step (2), the weight ratio of the vinyltrimethoxysilane to the benzoin dimethyl ether to the tetrahydrofuran is as follows: (1-10): (0.2-5): (10-500).
8. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic and oleophobic silicone sponge according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the volume ratio of the mixed solution b to the silicone sponge SS is (5-50):1, the ultraviolet irradiation wavelength is 365nm, and the irradiation reaction time is 30 minutes.
9. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic and oleophobic organosilicon sponge according to claim 1, wherein in step (2) and in step (3), the weight ratio of ethanol to fluorine-containing silane coupling agent to water is as follows: (10-100): (1-20): (1-50); preferably, in the step (3), the weight ratio of the ethanol to the fluorine-containing silane coupling agent to the water is: (10-50): (1-15): (1-20), the volume ratio of the mixed liquid C to the organic silicon sponge SS-C is (5-33): 1, the reaction time is 1-5 hours, and the fluorine-containing silane coupling agent is 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluoroheptadecyltrimethyloxysilane or 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane.
10. A superhydrophobic, oleophobic silicone sponge made by the method of claim 1.
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| PCT/CN2021/116111 WO2022057629A1 (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2021-09-02 | Method for preparing super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge |
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| CN106519289A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-03-22 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for preparation of hydrophobic lipophilic sponge by click reaction |
| CN109401373A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-03-01 | 福建师范大学 | A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic oleophobic silica solution |
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| JP2019011440A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-24 | 大阪ガスケミカル株式会社 | Silica aerogel and method for producing the same |
| CN112063012B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-11-26 | 山东大学 | Preparation method of super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge |
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| CN106519289A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-03-22 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for preparation of hydrophobic lipophilic sponge by click reaction |
| CN109401373A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-03-01 | 福建师范大学 | A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic oleophobic silica solution |
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| YANG DENG ET AL.: ""Facile one-step preparation of robust hydrophobic cotton fabrics by covalent bonding polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane for ultrafast oil/water separation"", 《CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL》 * |
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| WO2022057629A1 (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-03-24 | 山东大学 | Method for preparing super-hydrophobic and oleophobic organic silicon sponge |
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