CN112059167B - Automatic steel ball pouring production line - Google Patents
Automatic steel ball pouring production line Download PDFInfo
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- CN112059167B CN112059167B CN202010843383.4A CN202010843383A CN112059167B CN 112059167 B CN112059167 B CN 112059167B CN 202010843383 A CN202010843383 A CN 202010843383A CN 112059167 B CN112059167 B CN 112059167B
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- steel ball
- sand
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- die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D47/00—Casting plants
- B22D47/02—Casting plants for both moulding and casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
- B22C15/02—Compacting by pressing devices only
- B22C15/08—Compacting by pressing devices only involving pneumatic or hydraulic mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/06—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sieving or magnetic separating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
- B22D29/02—Vibratory apparatus specially designed for shaking out flasks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
- B22D29/04—Handling or stripping castings or ingots
- B22D29/06—Strippers actuated by fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D33/00—Equipment for handling moulds
- B22D33/02—Turning or transposing moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D33/00—Equipment for handling moulds
- B22D33/04—Bringing together or separating moulds
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic steel ball pouring production line which comprises a conveying line, a steel ball pouring device, a steel ball demolding device and a sand mold forming device, wherein the conveying line conveys a steel ball mold, the steel ball pouring device pours molten steel into the steel ball mold for forming, the steel ball demolding device separates an upper mold from a lower mold, so that a steel ball in the upper mold falls onto a vibrating screen, the steel ball in the lower mold falls onto the vibrating screen after the lower mold is turned over, the vibrating screen screens the steel ball and sand materials under the vibration effect, the steel ball demolding device conveys the mold to the sand mold forming device, the sand mold forming device regenerates a sand mold in the mold, and finally the steel ball mold is closed on the conveying line again to start the next pouring process. The invention has high automation degree, effectively improves the production efficiency and quality of steel ball pouring and reduces the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal pouring processing, in particular to an automatic steel ball pouring production line.
Background
Casting is a method in which liquid metal is poured into a casting cavity corresponding to the shape of a part, and after cooling and solidification, a part or a blank is obtained. In the process of pouring the steel ball, a production mode of closing the die up and down is usually adopted, liquid molten steel is poured into a sand mould cavity from a material injection port, and the formed steel ball is taken out after the molten steel is cooled by uncovering the mould.
In the prior art, the steel ball pouring process is relatively mature, but the whole process of pouring the steel ball by adopting the upper and lower die assembly comprises the steps of sand mold forming, steel ball pouring, steel ball demoulding and the like, and the steps are usually finished by manual operation. Because the steel material density is large, the steel ball is heavier, and the temperature of the formed steel ball is higher, the labor intensity and the working danger degree depending on manual operation are higher, and the production efficiency is lower. For example, in the process of separating the poured steel ball from the sand mold, the upper mold and the lower mold need to be separated, and then the steel ball is taken out of the mold and separated from the sand mold, which is quite time-consuming and labor-consuming if the operation is finished manually.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a steel ball pouring production line which can complete the processes of sand mold forming, steel ball pouring, steel ball demoulding and the like and has high automation degree, so that the production efficiency and quality of steel ball pouring are improved, and the production cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an automatic steel ball pouring production line which comprises a conveying line, a steel ball pouring device, a steel ball demolding device and a sand mold forming device, wherein the steel ball pouring device, the steel ball demolding device and the sand mold forming device are arranged on the conveying line, the steel ball pouring device is used for pouring molten steel into the steel ball mold for forming, the steel ball demolding device is used for separating the upper mold from the lower mold, so that steel balls in the upper mold fall onto a vibrating screen, the steel balls in the lower mold fall onto the vibrating screen after the lower mold is turned over, the vibrating screen is used for screening the steel balls and sand materials through the vibration effect, then the steel ball demolding device is used for conveying the upper mold and the lower mold to the sand mold forming device, and the sand mold forming device regenerates a sand mold in the upper mold and the lower mold, and finally, the steel ball demolding device enables the upper mold and the lower mold to be assembled on the conveying line again, and the next pouring process is started.
Furthermore, two groups of steel ball demoulding devices are arranged, one group is an upper mould demoulding device, and the other group is a lower mould demoulding device; the upper die demoulding device comprises a first frame and an upper die manipulator which is arranged on the first frame in a sliding mode, and the first frame is erected among the conveying line, the vibrating screen and the sand die forming device; the lower die demoulding device comprises a second rack and a lower die manipulator arranged on the second rack in a sliding mode, and the second rack is erected between the conveying line, the other vibrating screen and the other sand die forming device.
Further, the upper die manipulator comprises a first mounting frame, the first mounting frame is connected with the first mounting frame in a sliding mode, a vertical first lifting guide rail is arranged on the first mounting frame, a first supporting table is arranged on the first lifting guide rail in a sliding mode and driven by a first electric cylinder arranged on the first mounting frame, an upper die clamp for clamping the upper die is arranged on the lower surface of the first supporting table, a vertical first stamping cylinder is arranged on the upper surface of the first supporting table, and the bottom end of a piston rod of the first stamping cylinder penetrates through the first supporting table downwards;
lower mould manipulator includes the second mounting bracket, the second mounting bracket with second frame sliding connection, be provided with vertical second elevating guide on the second mounting bracket, it sets up a second brace table to slide on the second elevating guide, a second brace table is through setting up second electric cylinder drive on the second mounting bracket, a second brace table's lower surface is provided with the centre gripping the lower mould anchor clamps that the bed die can overturn, the upper surface is provided with vertical second punching press cylinder, the piston rod bottom of second punching press cylinder passes downwards a second brace table, first punching press cylinder with the piston rod tip of second punching press cylinder all is provided with a punching press piece.
Further, the upper die clamp comprises an upper die first clamping arm and an upper die second clamping arm which are oppositely arranged, an upper die positioning block is fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the bottom ends of the upper die first clamping arm and the upper die second clamping arm, a V-shaped groove is formed in the positioning surface of the upper die positioning block, a positioning pin is arranged in the middle of the V-shaped groove, sliding tables are arranged at the top ends of the upper die first clamping arm and the upper die second clamping arm, the sliding tables are arranged on the lower surface of the first supporting table in a sliding mode, a first clamping cylinder is arranged between the sliding tables, the end portion of a cylinder body of the first clamping cylinder is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the upper die first clamping arm, and the end portion of a piston rod is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the upper die second clamping arm;
the lower die clamp comprises a lower die first clamping arm and a lower die second clamping arm which are oppositely arranged, the inner sides of the bottoms of the lower die first clamping arm and the lower die second clamping arm are respectively rotatably provided with a lower die positioning block, the positioning surface of the lower die positioning block is provided with a V-shaped groove, meanwhile, the middle part of the V-shaped groove is provided with a positioning pin, the tops of the lower die first clamping arm and the lower die second clamping arm are respectively provided with a sliding table, the sliding table is slidably arranged on the lower surface of the second supporting table, a second clamping cylinder is arranged between the sliding tables, the end part of a cylinder body of the second clamping cylinder is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the lower die first clamping arm, the end part of a piston rod is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the lower die second clamping arm, the lower die positioning blocks are respectively fixedly connected with a rotating connecting plate, the two rotating connecting plates are fixed through connecting rods, the bottom of the lower die first clamping arm is also provided with a turnover motor, the turnover motor drives the lower die positioning block of the lower die first clamping arm to rotate.
Furthermore, the vibrating screen is obliquely arranged, a plurality of screen holes are formed in the vibrating screen, the aperture of each screen hole is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball, and a material receiving box is arranged at the bottom end of the vibrating screen.
Furthermore, the sand mold forming device comprises a sand tank mechanism, a compaction mechanism and a mold displacement mechanism, wherein the sand tank mechanism injects a certain amount of sand into the upper mold/lower mold, the compaction mechanism compacts and forms the sand in the upper mold/lower mold and forms a pouring gate and a pouring channel, and the mold displacement mechanism drives the upper mold/lower mold to move among the sand tank mechanism, the compaction mechanism and the lower part of the first frame/second frame.
Further, mould displacement mechanism includes a displacement platform, the last slip of displacement platform is provided with a frock board, displacement platform's tip is provided with a displacement and drives actuating cylinder, the displacement drives actuating cylinder drive the frock board is followed displacement platform slides, be provided with on the frock board with the round convex piece that the die cavity of last mould/bed die corresponds, it places to go up mould/bed die when on the frock board, the die cavity of going up mould/bed die with the round convex piece corresponds and makes up the fashioned cavity of formation sand mould.
Furthermore, the sand-containing mechanism comprises a sand hopper, a conveying pipeline is arranged at the bottom end of the sand hopper, a baffle valve mechanism is further arranged on the conveying pipeline, the baffle valve mechanism comprises a quantifying pipe, a first baffle, a second baffle and a baffle driving part, the quantifying pipe is a section of the conveying pipeline, a first opening located on the upper layer and a second opening located on the lower layer are arranged on the quantifying pipe, the first baffle can be inserted into the first opening, the second baffle can be inserted into the second opening, and the baffle driving part comprises a first baffle driving cylinder and a second baffle driving cylinder which respectively drive the first baffle and the second baffle.
Furthermore, the compacting mechanism comprises a support frame, a mounting plate movably arranged on the support frame, a forming block fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the mounting plate and a sand inserting cylinder movably arranged at the bottom end of the forming block, wherein a compacting driving cylinder is arranged on the support frame and drives the mounting plate to vertically displace, the forming block is in an inverted cone shape, the bottom end of the forming block corresponds to the through hole of the upper mold/the lower mold, and the outer diameter of the sand inserting cylinder is smaller than the aperture of the through hole; the mounting panel with the support frame passes through linear bearing swing joint, become the piece with the mounting panel passes through screw rod fixed connection, it is hollow structure to become the piece, it sets up to insert husky a section of thick bamboo activity in the shaping piece, the top of inserting a husky section of thick bamboo is provided with vertical connecting rod, the connecting rod with mounting panel swing joint, the cover is equipped with the spring on the connecting rod, the one end of spring with the mounting panel contact, the other end with insert husky contact.
Furthermore, the conveying line is a roller-type conveying line, the steel ball mould is driven to move through the rotation of a roller, a bull eye platform is arranged at the turning position of the conveying line, a plurality of ball mounting seats are arranged on the bull eye platform in an arrayed mode, balls capable of rolling freely are arranged in the ball mounting seats, a turning cylinder is arranged on one side of the bull eye platform, and the turning cylinder drives the steel ball mould on the bull eye platform to turn;
and a cooling cover is arranged on the path of the conveying line from the steel ball pouring device to the steel ball demoulding device, a plurality of ventilation openings are formed in the two sides of the cooling cover, the steel ball mould after pouring is cooled by ventilation, a smoke spraying device is arranged on the path of the conveying line from the sand mould forming device to the steel ball pouring device, and smoke is sprayed inwards from a pouring gate of the steel ball mould by the smoke spraying device through a spray gun.
The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the automatic steel ball pouring production line is provided with the steel ball pouring device, the steel ball demolding device, the sand mold forming device and the like, when the steel ball pouring device pours into a steel ball mold and is cooled, the steel ball demolding device can automatically separate an upper mold from a lower mold, then separate a steel ball from the sand mold, carry the steel ball to the sand mold forming device to regenerate the sand mold, finally return to a conveying line for mold closing, start the next pouring process, and have the advantages of reasonable design, compact connection and matching, high automation degree, reduction of labor intensity, improvement of production efficiency and quality of steel ball pouring and reduction of production cost;
the steel ball demoulding device provided by the invention has the advantages that the upper mould manipulator and the lower mould manipulator are used for clamping the upper mould and the lower mould respectively, so that the mould opening, overturning and mould closing processes of the moulds and the process of ejecting the steel ball and the sand mould can be effectively completed, the action is flexible, and the automatic, high-quality, high-efficiency and safe operation is realized;
according to the sand mold forming device, sand is poured into the mold through the sand filling mechanism, the sand is driven into the cavity by the compacting mechanism and is compacted and formed, the pouring channel and the pouring gate are synchronously formed, the mold is transferred by the mold displacement mechanism, the smooth sand filling and compacting processes are ensured, the compacting processes of the upper mold and the lower mold are distinguished, and the forming reliability of the sand mold in the steel ball mold is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a steel ball mold of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a steel ball demolding device and a sand mold molding device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an upper die stripper apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a lower mold stripping apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sand mold forming apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the tooling plate structure of the present invention (four-chamber type);
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a flapper valve mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a compaction mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a sand stop mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the bulls-eye platform of the present invention.
[ description of reference ]
1-steel ball mould; 11-upper mould; 12-lower mould; 13-a through hole; 14-positioning the bump; 15-positioning holes; 2-conveying line; 21-a roller; 22-a material plate; 23-bulls eye plateau; 24-ball mount; 25-a ball bearing; 26-a steering cylinder; 3-steel ball pouring device; 4-steel ball demoulding device; 41-vibrating screen; 42-a first rack; 43-a first mounting frame; 44-horizontal guide rails; 45-servo motor; 46-a first lifting rail; 47-a first support table; 48-a first electric cylinder; 49-a first ram cylinder; 410-punching the block; 411-upper die first clamp arm; 412-upper die second clamp arm; 413-an upper die positioning block; 414-first gripper cylinder; 415-a second rack; 416-a second mounting frame; 417-a second lifting rail; 418-a second support table; 419-a second electric cylinder; 420-a second ram cylinder; 421-lower die first clamping arm; 422-lower die second clamping arm; 423-lower die positioning block; 424-second gripper cylinder; 425-rotating the connecting plate; 426-a connecting rod; 427-a turnover motor; 428-material receiving box; 5-sand mould forming device; 51-sand-canning mechanism; 52-a compacting mechanism; 53-a mold displacement mechanism; 54-a displacement platform; 55-a tooling plate; 56-displacement driving cylinder; 57-round bumps; 58-sand hopper; 59-a delivery conduit; 510-dosing tube; 511-a first baffle; 512-a second baffle; 513 — a first baffle driving cylinder; 514-the second baffle drives the cylinder; 515-a support frame; 516-a mounting plate; 517-forming a block; 518-sand insertion cylinder; 519-linear bearings; 520-a compaction cylinder; 521-a screw; 522-connecting rod; 523-spring; 524-open slot; 525-square bumps; 526-sandboard; 527-connecting plate; 528-slide block; 529-a guide; 530-sand unloading control cylinder; 6-cooling cover; 7-a smoke-spraying device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the steel ball mold 1 includes an upper mold 11 and a lower mold 12, both of which have the same shape and are disk-shaped. The lower surface of the upper die 11 and the upper surface of the lower die 12 are both provided with a plurality of semicircular cavities, and the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 are closed to form a complete cavity. The middle portions of the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 22 are each provided with a through hole 13 which communicates the top and bottom surfaces of the upper mold 11/the lower mold 12 and also communicates with the cavity. In addition, the side walls of the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 are both provided with positioning projections 14, and the positioning projections 14 are provided with positioning holes 15. The overall structure of the steel ball mold 1 is shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic steel ball pouring production line, which includes a conveying line 2, and a steel ball pouring device 3, a steel ball demolding device 4, and a sand mold forming device 5 that are arranged on the conveying line 2. The steel ball mould 1 is conveyed by the conveying line 2, when the steel ball mould 1 moves to the position of the steel ball pouring device 3, the steel ball pouring device 3 pours molten steel into the steel ball mould 1, and at the moment, a sand mould in the steel ball mould 1 is well compacted and formed and is provided with a pouring gate and a pouring channel. After the molten steel is poured and cooled to form a steel ball, the steel ball mold 1 is moved to a steel ball demolding device 4 by the conveying line 2, the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12 are separated by the steel ball demolding device 4, the steel ball in the upper mold 11 falls onto the vibrating screen 41, the steel ball in the cavity of the lower mold 12 falls onto the vibrating screen 41 after the lower mold 12 is turned over, the steel ball and sand adhered to the surface layer are screened under the vibration action of the vibrating screen 41, and therefore the finished steel ball and the sand are collected respectively. The steel ball demolding device 4 then conveys the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12 to a sand mold forming device 5, and the sand mold forming device 5 regenerates a sand mold in the upper mold 11 or the lower mold 12. And finally, the steel ball demoulding device 4 closes the upper mould 11 and the lower mould 12 on the conveying line 2 again, at the moment, the through holes 13 of the upper mould 11 and the lower mould 12 are aligned, and sand moulds in the moulds are combined to form a complete pouring cavity for the next steel ball pouring.
The steel ball demoulding device 4 is provided with two groups, one group is an upper mould demoulding device, and the other group is a lower mould demoulding device. As shown in fig. 4, the upper mold stripping device includes a first frame 42 and an upper mold manipulator slidably disposed on the first frame 42, wherein the first frame 42 is erected between the conveyor line 2, the vibrating screen 41 and the sand mold forming device 5, and transfers the upper mold 11 among the three. The upper mold robot includes a first mounting frame 43 slidably disposed on a horizontal rail 44 on the upper surface of the first frame 42, and driven by a servo motor 45 and a timing belt structure on the first frame 42. A vertical first lifting guide rail 46 is arranged on the first mounting frame 43, and a first supporting platform 47 is slidably arranged on the first lifting guide rail 46 and is vertically driven by a first electric cylinder 48 arranged on the first mounting frame 43. The lower surface of the first supporting table 47 is provided with an upper die clamp for clamping the upper die 11, the upper surface is provided with a vertical first stamping cylinder 49, the bottom end of the piston rod of the first stamping cylinder 49 downwardly penetrates through the first supporting table 47, and a stamping block 410 is arranged.
The upper die clamp comprises an upper die first clamping arm 411 and an upper die second clamping arm 412 which are arranged oppositely, an upper die positioning block 413 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the bottom end of each of the upper die first clamping arm 411 and the upper die second clamping arm 412, a V-shaped groove is formed in the positioning surface of the upper die positioning block 413 and corresponds to a positioning lug 14 of a die, and a positioning pin is arranged in the middle of the V-shaped groove and corresponds to a positioning hole 15 in the positioning lug 14. The top ends of the upper die first clamping arm 411 and the upper die second clamping arm 412 are respectively provided with a sliding table, the sliding tables are slidably arranged on the lower surface of the first supporting table 47, a first clamping cylinder 414 is arranged between the sliding tables, the cylinder body end part of the first clamping cylinder 414 is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the upper die first clamping arm 411, and the piston rod end part is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the upper die second clamping arm 412, so that the piston rod of the first clamping cylinder 414 stretches out and draws back to change the distance between the piston rod end part and the cylinder body end part, thereby controlling the opposite movement of the upper die first clamping arm 411 and the upper die second clamping arm 412, enabling the upper die positioning block 413 to clamp the upper die 11, aligning the V-shaped groove with the positioning lug, inserting the positioning pin into the positioning hole, completing the clamping process of the upper die 11, and reversely loosening process.
When the poured steel ball mold 1 moves to the first frame 42, the upper mold clamp descends along the first lifting guide rail 46 along with the first support table 47, and moves to the upper mold 11 position to clamp the upper mold. And then the upper die clamp is lifted, so that the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 are gradually separated, the steel ball die 1 is stripped, and the steel ball after pouring and cooling is remained in the upper die 11 or the lower die 12. After the upper die clamp rises to the preset position, the upper die manipulator integrally translates along the horizontal guide rail 44, so that the upper die clamp moves right above the vibrating screen 41, the piston rod of the first stamping cylinder 49 extends downwards, the stamping block 410 is driven to be inserted into the through hole 13 of the upper die 11, the steel ball and the adhered sand die are poked down together and fall onto the vibrating screen 41, and the vibrating screen 41 enables sand on the surface layer of the steel ball to shake off through the vibration effect, so that the steel ball and the sand are screened and collected in a classified manner. And then the upper mould manipulator moves the empty upper mould 11 and places the empty upper mould at the sand mould forming device 5 to form a sand mould in the upper mould 11 again, and finally the upper mould manipulator moves the upper mould 11 which finishes sand mould forming to the conveying line 2 and closes the upper mould 11 with the lower mould 12 to continue steel ball casting.
The lower mold stripping device is similar to the upper mold stripping device, and as shown in fig. 5, includes a second frame 415 and a lower mold manipulator slidably disposed on the second frame 415, and the second frame 415 is erected between the conveyor line 2, another vibrating screen 41 and another set of sand mold forming device 5. The lower die mechanical arm comprises a second mounting frame 416, the second mounting frame 416 is connected with a second rack 415 in a sliding mode, a vertical second lifting guide rail 417 is arranged on the second mounting frame 416, a second supporting table 418 is arranged on the second lifting guide rail 417 in a sliding mode, the second supporting table 418 is driven by a second electric cylinder 419 arranged on the second mounting frame 416, a lower die clamp which clamps the lower die 12 and can turn over is arranged on the lower surface of the second supporting table 418, a vertical second stamping air cylinder 420 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower die clamp, the bottom end of a piston rod of the second stamping air cylinder 420 downwards penetrates through the second supporting table 418, and a stamping block 410 is also arranged. Lower mould anchor clamps are specifically including the relative first arm lock 421 of lower mould and lower mould second arm lock 422 that sets up, the bottom inboard of first arm lock 421 of lower mould and lower mould second arm lock 422 all rotates and sets up lower mould locating piece 423, the locating surface of lower mould locating piece 423 is provided with V type groove, set up the locating pin simultaneously at the middle part in V type groove, the top of first arm lock 421 of lower mould and lower mould second arm lock 422 all sets up the slip table, the slip table slides and sets up the lower surface at a second brace table 418, set up second centre gripping cylinder 424 between the slip table, the cylinder body tip of second centre gripping cylinder 424 and the slip table fixed connection of first arm lock 421 of lower mould, the piston rod tip and the slip table fixed connection of lower mould second arm lock 422. Wherein, the lower die positioning block 423 is respectively fixedly connected with a rotating connecting plate 425, the two rotating connecting plates 425 are fixed by a connecting rod 426, the bottom end of the lower die first clamping arm 421 is further provided with a turnover motor 427, the lower die positioning block 423 of the lower die first clamping arm 421 is driven to rotate by the turnover motor 427 and drives another lower die positioning block 423 to synchronously rotate, so that the lower die 12 is turned over by 180 degrees after the lower die clamp clamps the lower die 12, the subsequent process is similar to the upper die 11, and details are omitted here. And finally, the lower die manipulator turns the lower die 12 which completes sand die forming back, and the upper die manipulator moves the upper die 11 to close the dies after moving to the conveying line 2.
In this embodiment, the vibrating screen 41 is disposed obliquely, a plurality of screen holes are disposed on the vibrating screen 41, the aperture of each screen hole is smaller than the diameter of each steel ball, sand on the surface of each steel ball is shaken off by the vibrating action of the vibrating screen 41, and then falls through the screen holes, and the steel balls roll downwards along the inclined planes and are finally collected by a material collecting box 428 disposed at the bottom end of the vibrating screen, so that the effect of screening the steel balls and the sand is achieved.
As shown in fig. 6, the sand mold molding device 5 includes a sand-canning mechanism 51, a compacting mechanism 52, and a mold displacement mechanism 53, the sand-canning mechanism 51 pours a certain amount of sand into the upper mold 11/the lower mold 12, the compacting mechanism 52 compacts and molds the sand in the mold and forms a pouring gate and a pouring passage, and the mold displacement mechanism 53 drives the mold to move between the sand-canning mechanism 51, the compacting mechanism 52, and under the first frame 42/the second frame 415.
Specifically, the mold displacement mechanism 53 includes a displacement platform 54, a tooling plate 55 is slidably disposed on the displacement platform 54, a displacement driving cylinder 56 is disposed at an end of the displacement platform 54, and the displacement driving cylinder 56 drives the tooling plate 55 to slide along the displacement platform 54. The tooling plate 55 is provided with a round convex block 57 corresponding to the mold cavity, the diameter of the round convex block is smaller than the inner diameter of the mold cavity, when the mold is placed on the tooling plate 55, the mold cavity is combined with the round convex block 57, a cavity for molding a sand mold is formed between the mold cavity and the round convex block 57, sand is filled into the cavity by the sand filling mechanism 51 and the sand compacting mechanism 53, and the bowl-shaped sand mold is molded.
The sand filling mechanism 51 comprises a sand hopper 58, wherein sufficient sand is stored in the sand hopper, a conveying pipeline 59 is arranged at the bottom end of the sand hopper, when the tooling plate 55 moves to the position below the sand filling mechanism 51 along the displacement platform 54, the bottom end opening of the conveying pipeline 59 is opposite to the through hole 13 of the mold, and the through hole 13 is a sand filling opening.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 8, since the volume of the mold is determined, in order to ensure that the sand containing amount of the sand containing mechanism 51 is proper each time and avoid sand scattering caused by excessive sand containing and insufficient sand containing from affecting the molding effect, a baffle valve mechanism is further arranged on the conveying pipeline 59 of the sand containing mechanism 51 and mainly comprises a dosing pipe 510, a first baffle 511, a second baffle 512 and a baffle driving part. The quantitative tube 510 is a section of the conveying pipeline 59, a first opening on an upper layer and a second opening on a lower layer are arranged on the quantitative tube 510, the first baffle 511 and the second baffle 512 are respectively fixedly connected with the end portions of piston rods of the first baffle driving cylinder 513 and the second baffle driving cylinder 514, and the first opening and the second opening can be respectively inserted under the driving of the cylinders. The second baffle 512 is inserted into the second opening to seal the bottom end of the quantitative tube 510, then the sand hopper 58 feeds the sand into the quantitative tube 510, the first baffle 511 is inserted into the first opening to block the sand flow at the top end of the quantitative tube 510, and finally the second baffle 512 is removed to make the sand in the quantitative tube 510 flow into the mold along the conveying pipeline 59.
After the sand in the mold is filled, the sand is forced into the bowl-shaped cavity by the compacting mechanism 52 and compacted, and the sand in the through hole 13 forms a pouring channel and a pouring opening is formed at the top end. As shown in fig. 9, the compacting mechanism mainly comprises a supporting frame 515, a mounting plate 516 movably arranged on the supporting frame 515, a forming block 517 fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the mounting plate 516, and a sand inserting cylinder 518 movably arranged at the bottom end of the forming block 517. The mounting plate 516 is movably connected with the support frame 515 through a linear bearing 519 to enable the mounting plate 516 to keep vertical displacement, and a vertical compaction cylinder 520 is further arranged on the support frame 515, and the end part of a piston rod of the vertical compaction cylinder is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 516. The forming block 517 is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 516 through a screw 521, and the fixing position relative to the mounting plate 516 is adjusted by the screw 521. The shaping piece 517 is the back taper, and the bottom is corresponding with the through-hole 13 of mould, and the hollow structure of shaping piece 517 for intercommunication about simultaneously inserts the activity of a husky section of thick bamboo 518 and sets up in shaping piece 517, but the vertical displacement of shaping piece relatively. The top of sand inserting cylinder 518 outwards protrudes for the step for the restriction sand inserting cylinder 518 drops from the shaping piece 517, sand inserting cylinder 518 top still is provided with vertical connecting rod 522, and connecting rod 522 slides and sets up downtheholely at mounting panel 516, and the cover is equipped with spring 523 on connecting rod 522 simultaneously, and its one end and mounting panel 516 contact, the other end and sand inserting cylinder 518 contact. In order to insert the sand inserting cylinder 518 into the through hole 13 of the mold smoothly, the outer diameter of the sand inserting cylinder 518 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole.
When the sand filled mold moves to the position right below the compacting mechanism 52 along with the tooling plate 55, the compacting cylinder 520 drives the mounting plate 516 to move downwards integrally, the bottom end of the sand inserting cylinder 518 enters from the through hole 13 and compresses sand downwards, the sand is gradually driven into the bowl-shaped cavity by the sand inserting cylinder 518, and finally the sand is compacted and molded. With the depth of the sand inserting cylinder 518, the bottom end of the forming block 517 gradually enters the through hole 13, the conical surface of the bottom end of the forming block contacts with the sand at the through hole 13 to further compress the sand, and a funnel-shaped sand form is formed at the top end of the forming block to serve as a pouring gate. During this process, the sand-inserting tube 518 moves upwards against the sand layer against the forming block 517, and compresses the spring 523, thereby providing a further pressing force of the sand-inserting tube 518 against the sand mold by the elastic force of the spring 523.
In the process, the sand inserting cylinder 518 forms a pouring channel, and the steel ball mold 1 is formed by closing the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12, so that the pouring channel does not need to be formed in the lower mold 12. Therefore, as shown in fig. 7, an opening groove 524 is formed on the tooling plate 55, and a square protrusion 525 is formed around the opening groove 524, which is adjacent to the round protrusion 57. When the mold is in place, the through-hole 13 is positioned over the open slot 524. As shown in fig. 10, a sand blocking mechanism is further disposed below the tooling plate 55, and includes a sand blocking plate 526 disposed in the open slot 524, the sand blocking plate 526 is fixedly connected to a slide block 528 through a connection plate 527, the slide block 528 is slidably disposed on a guide rail 529 on the lower surface of the tooling plate 55, and is driven by a sand discharge control cylinder 530, and the sand blocking plate 526 is controlled by the sand discharge control cylinder 530 to seal or open the open slot 524.
When the upper die 11 is pressed, the sand blocking plate 526 is firstly tightly attached to the lower part of the open slot 524 to seal the open slot 524, and is gradually opened in the process of pressing the sand inserting cylinder 518 and the forming block 517, so that the sand is driven into the cavity, the through hole 13 is communicated with the bottom surface of the die, and the redundant sand is discharged from the open slot 524. When the lower mold 12 is pressed, the sand blocking plate 526 continuously seals the open slot 524, and the sand inserting cylinder 518 and the molding block 517 are pressed down for a certain distance to compact the sand without opening the through hole 13. Subsequently, after the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 are closed, the upper layer of the whole steel ball die 1 is provided with a pouring gate and a pouring channel, the lower layer is sealed, the bowl-shaped sand die in the upper die 11 and the bowl-shaped sand die in the lower die 12 are communicated and are communicated with the sand tank channel, and the square bump 525 on the tooling plate 55 forms a communication channel.
After the sand mold is formed, the tooling plate 55 drives the mold to return to the lower part of the rack, and the mold is carried by the upper mold manipulator or the lower mold manipulator and is closed again on the conveying line 2.
As shown in fig. 11, in the present embodiment, the conveying line 2 is a drum-type conveying line, the flitch 22 is displaced by the rotation of the drum 21, and the steel ball mold 1 is placed on the flitch 22. The conveying line 2 is a multi-section linear conveying, a bull eye platform 23 is arranged at a turning position, a plurality of ball mounting seats 24 are arranged on the bull eye platform 23, and balls 25 capable of rolling freely are arranged in the ball mounting seats. After the flitch 22 moves to the bull's eye platform 23 along with the transfer chain 2 on, can shift a distance again under the bull's eye platform 23 roll supporting effect to reduce contact friction, reach the position after rethread bull's eye platform 23 one side turn to cylinder 26 propelling movement to another section transfer chain 2 and carry.
In this embodiment, a cooling cover 6 is disposed on the path from the steel ball pouring device 3 to the steel ball demolding device 4 of the conveying line 2, a plurality of ventilation openings are disposed on two sides of the cooling cover 6, and the poured steel ball mold 1 is cooled by guiding air from the air inlet through a blower or other devices, so that molten steel is rapidly cooled and molded. The conveying line 2 is provided with a smoke spraying device 7 on the path from the sand mold forming device 5 to the steel ball pouring device 3, smoke is sprayed inwards from a pouring gate of the steel ball mold 1 through a spray gun, acetylene is incompletely combusted to generate a large amount of black smoke to be adhered to the inner surface of the sand mold, and molten steel is prevented from being adhered to a sand mold when the steel ball is poured.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An automatic steel ball pouring production line is characterized by comprising a conveying line, a steel ball pouring device, a steel ball demolding device and a sand mold forming device, wherein the steel ball pouring device, the steel ball demolding device and the sand mold forming device are arranged on the conveying line, the conveying line conveys a steel ball mold consisting of an upper mold and a lower mold, the steel ball pouring device pours molten steel into the steel ball mold for forming, the steel ball demolding device separates the upper mold from the lower mold, so that a steel ball in the upper mold falls off a vibrating screen, the steel ball in the lower mold falls off the vibrating screen after the lower mold is turned over, the vibrating screen sieves the steel ball and sand through vibration, the steel ball demolding device conveys the upper mold and the lower mold to the sand mold forming device, the sand mold forming device regenerates sand molds in the upper mold and the lower mold, and finally the steel ball demolding device reassembles the upper mold and the lower mold on the conveying line, starting the next pouring process; the vibrating screen is obliquely arranged, a plurality of screen holes are formed in the vibrating screen, the aperture of each screen hole is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball, and a material collecting box is arranged at the bottom end of the vibrating screen;
the steel ball demoulding device is provided with two groups, one group is an upper mould demoulding device, and the other group is a lower mould demoulding device; the upper die demoulding device comprises a first frame and an upper die manipulator which is arranged on the first frame in a sliding mode, and the first frame is erected among the conveying line, the vibrating screen and the sand die forming device; the lower die demoulding device comprises a second rack and a lower die manipulator arranged on the second rack in a sliding manner, and the second rack is erected among the conveying line, the other vibrating screen and the other sand die forming device;
the sand mold forming device comprises a sand filling mechanism, a compacting mechanism and a mold displacement mechanism, wherein the sand filling mechanism fills quantitative sand into the upper mold/the lower mold, the compacting mechanism compacts and forms the sand in the upper mold/the lower mold and forms a pouring gate and a pouring channel, and the mold displacement mechanism drives the upper mold/the lower mold to move among the sand filling mechanism, the compacting mechanism and the lower part of the first frame/the second frame;
the mould displacement mechanism comprises a displacement platform, a tooling plate is arranged on the displacement platform in a sliding mode, a displacement driving cylinder is arranged at the end of the displacement platform and drives the tooling plate to slide along the displacement platform, a round convex block corresponding to a cavity of the upper mould/the lower mould is arranged on the tooling plate, and when the upper mould/the lower mould is placed on the tooling plate, the cavity of the upper mould/the lower mould corresponds to the round convex block and is combined to form a cavity for sand mould forming;
the compacting mechanism comprises a support frame, an installation plate movably arranged on the support frame, a forming block fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the installation plate and a sand inserting cylinder movably arranged at the bottom end of the forming block, wherein a compacting driving cylinder is arranged on the support frame and drives the installation plate to vertically displace, the forming block is in an inverted cone shape, the bottom end of the forming block corresponds to a through hole of the upper die/the lower die, and the outer diameter of the sand inserting cylinder is smaller than the aperture of the through hole; the sand inserting device comprises a support frame, a forming block, a sand inserting cylinder, a connecting rod, a spring, a connecting rod and a spring, wherein the mounting plate is movably connected with the support frame through a linear bearing, the forming block is fixedly connected with the mounting plate through a screw rod, the forming block is of a hollow structure, the sand inserting cylinder is movably arranged in the forming block, the top end of the sand inserting cylinder is provided with a vertical connecting rod, the connecting rod is movably connected with the mounting plate, the connecting rod is sleeved with the spring, one end of the spring is in contact with the mounting plate, and the other end of the spring is in contact with the sand inserting cylinder;
the sand blocking mechanism comprises a sand blocking plate arranged in the open slot, the sand blocking plate is fixedly connected with a sliding block through a connecting plate, the sliding block is arranged on a guide rail on the lower surface of the tooling plate in a sliding mode and driven by a sand unloading control cylinder, and the sand blocking plate is controlled to seal or open the open slot through the sand unloading control cylinder.
2. The automatic steel ball pouring production line according to claim 1, wherein the upper die manipulator comprises a first mounting frame, the first mounting frame is connected with the first mounting frame in a sliding manner, a vertical first lifting guide rail is arranged on the first mounting frame, a first supporting table is arranged on the first lifting guide rail in a sliding manner and driven by a first electric cylinder arranged on the first mounting frame, an upper die clamp for clamping the upper die is arranged on the lower surface of the first supporting table, a vertical first stamping cylinder is arranged on the upper surface of the first supporting table, and the bottom end of a piston rod of the first stamping cylinder penetrates through the first supporting table downwards;
lower mould manipulator includes the second mounting bracket, the second mounting bracket with second frame sliding connection, be provided with vertical second elevating guide on the second mounting bracket, it sets up a second brace table to slide on the second elevating guide, a second brace table is through setting up second electric cylinder drive on the second mounting bracket, a second brace table's lower surface is provided with the centre gripping the lower mould anchor clamps that the bed die can overturn, the upper surface is provided with vertical second punching press cylinder, the piston rod bottom of second punching press cylinder passes downwards a second brace table, first punching press cylinder with the piston rod tip of second punching press cylinder all is provided with a punching press piece.
3. The automatic steel ball pouring production line according to claim 2, wherein the upper die fixture comprises an upper die first clamping arm and an upper die second clamping arm which are oppositely arranged, an upper die positioning block is fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the bottom ends of the upper die first clamping arm and the upper die second clamping arm, a V-shaped groove is formed in the positioning surface of the upper die positioning block, a positioning pin is arranged in the middle of the V-shaped groove, sliding tables are arranged at the top ends of the upper die first clamping arm and the upper die second clamping arm, the sliding tables are arranged on the lower surface of the first supporting table in a sliding manner, a first clamping cylinder is arranged between the sliding tables, the end portion of the cylinder body of the first clamping cylinder is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the upper die first clamping arm, and the end portion of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the upper die second clamping arm;
the lower die clamp comprises a lower die first clamping arm and a lower die second clamping arm which are oppositely arranged, the inner sides of the bottoms of the lower die first clamping arm and the lower die second clamping arm are respectively rotatably provided with a lower die positioning block, the positioning surface of the lower die positioning block is provided with a V-shaped groove, meanwhile, the middle part of the V-shaped groove is provided with a positioning pin, the tops of the lower die first clamping arm and the lower die second clamping arm are respectively provided with a sliding table, the sliding table is slidably arranged on the lower surface of the second supporting table, a second clamping cylinder is arranged between the sliding tables, the end part of a cylinder body of the second clamping cylinder is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the lower die first clamping arm, the end part of a piston rod is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the lower die second clamping arm, the lower die positioning blocks are respectively fixedly connected with a rotating connecting plate, the two rotating connecting plates are fixed through connecting rods, the bottom of the lower die first clamping arm is also provided with a turnover motor, the turnover motor drives the lower die positioning block of the lower die first clamping arm to rotate.
4. The automatic steel ball pouring production line according to claim 1, wherein the sand-containing mechanism comprises a sand hopper, a conveying pipeline is arranged at the bottom end of the sand hopper, a baffle valve mechanism is further arranged on the conveying pipeline, the baffle valve mechanism comprises a quantitative pipe, a first baffle, a second baffle and a baffle driving portion, the quantitative pipe is a section of the conveying pipeline, a first opening located on the upper layer and a second opening located on the lower layer are arranged on the quantitative pipe, the first baffle can be inserted into the first opening, the second baffle can be inserted into the second opening, and the baffle driving portion comprises a first baffle driving cylinder and a second baffle driving cylinder which respectively drive the first baffle and the second baffle.
5. The automatic steel ball pouring production line according to claim 1, wherein the conveying line is a roller type conveying line, the steel ball mould is driven to move by the rotation of a roller, a bull eye platform is arranged at the turning position of the conveying line, a plurality of ball mounting seats are arranged on the bull eye platform, balls capable of freely rolling are arranged in the ball mounting seats, a turning cylinder is arranged on one side of the bull eye platform, and the turning cylinder drives the steel ball mould on the bull eye platform to turn;
the steel ball mold casting device is characterized in that a cooling cover is arranged on the path from the steel ball casting device to the steel ball demolding device of the conveying line, a plurality of ventilation openings are formed in the two sides of the cooling cover, the steel ball mold after casting is cooled through ventilation, a smoke spraying device is arranged on the path from the sand mold forming device to the steel ball casting device of the conveying line, and smoke is sprayed inwards from a pouring gate of the steel ball mold through a spray gun by the smoke spraying device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010843383.4A CN112059167B (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Automatic steel ball pouring production line |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010843383.4A CN112059167B (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Automatic steel ball pouring production line |
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| CN112059167B true CN112059167B (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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| CN115608930A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-01-17 | 长兴鼎峰铸材科技股份有限公司 | Combined type casting head knock-off core die-casting forming equipment and method |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR77588E (en) * | 1960-04-25 | 1962-03-24 | Automatic plant for the continuous production of sand molds and castings | |
| GB953338A (en) * | 1959-05-19 | 1964-03-25 | Russell William Taccone | Apparatus for the continuous fabrication of sand moulds and castings |
| SU1202694A1 (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1986-01-07 | Центральное Проектно-Конструкторское И Технологическое Бюро Главсантехпрома | Automatic moulding unit |
| US20100012287A1 (en) * | 2006-09-25 | 2010-01-21 | Aisin Takaoka Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for cast-product production line |
| CN101829761A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2010-09-15 | 南京化工职业技术学院 | Steel ball casting mould and mould template for production line |
| CN102259185A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2011-11-30 | 操应胜 | Ball casting production line |
| CN103934448B (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-12-16 | 宁国市志诚机械制造有限公司 | A kind of foundry production line |
| CN104801701B (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2017-08-04 | 安徽新宁装备股份有限公司 | A kind of foundry production line |
| CN209206447U (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-08-06 | 武穴市腾翔汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of automobile clutch pressure plate cast molding assembly line |
| CN210254231U (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-04-07 | 湖北信诺达机械制造有限公司 | Automatic production system for clutch casting |
| CN111531152B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-09-24 | 邵东智能制造技术研究院有限公司 | Blanking device suitable for mold taking and closing of multi-size mold |
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