CN112043349B

CN112043349B - Ultrasonic osteotome force detection early warning system applied to medical orthopedic surgery

Info

Publication number: CN112043349B
Application number: CN202010875765.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 左仪
Original assignee: Shuangdian Medical Technology Shenzhen Co ltd
Current assignee: Shuangdian Medical Technology Shenzhen Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-27
Filing date: 2020-08-27
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-27
Also published as: CN112043349A

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic osteotomy force detection early warning system applied to medical orthopedic surgery, which comprises a constant-voltage power control module, a frequency-locking control and admittance measurement module, a microcontroller MCU (microprogrammed control unit), a CPLD (complex programmable logic device) unit, a main power supply, a color LCD (liquid crystal display) screen with a touch screen, an acousto-optic prompt module and a corresponding drive module, wherein the constant-voltage power control module is connected with the MCU; the constant voltage power control module consists of a full bridge direct current inversion module driven by 100KHz PWM waves and a constant voltage power control module consisting of a voltage sampling, voltage amplifying, filtering and embedding module; the system adopts the integrated circuit to ensure the transmission precision of the electric signal and reduce the drift error of the device performance in long-time operation, and can well generate high-performance stable signals; thereby generating a sine signal with constant frequency and amplitude for exciting the ultrasonic osteotome and ensuring the stability of the ultrasonic osteotome in long-term use.

Description

Ultrasonic osteotome force detection early warning system applied to medical orthopedic surgery

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical instrument, in particular to an ultrasonic osteotome force detection and early warning system applied to medical orthopedic surgery.

Background

The ultrasonic osteotome utilizes the focused high-intensity ultrasonic principle (cavitation effect and thermal effect) to physically cut, grind, plane, shave and arbitrarily shape the bone (hereinafter referred to as physical cutting and shaping). In the process of physically cutting and shaping the bone, because abundant nervous tissues and vascular tissues exist near the bone tissues and are relatively fragile, the bone tissues are not easy to recover after being damaged. The existing traditional bone saw, bone drill and ultrasonic osteotome can not detect the property of the cut tissue and the cutting force applied by an operator in real time in the physical cutting and shaping process of the osteotome.

The existing ultrasonic osteotome applied to medical orthopedic surgery cannot identify the type of the physically cut and shaped tissue and detect and warn the cutting force, and because the working part of the ultrasonic osteotome head is made of metal, the ultrasonic osteotome head has certain mechanical strength, the type of the cut tissue and the size of the applied force can be judged only by depending on the hand feeling, the eye strength and the experience of a surgeon in the operation process, so that the nerve tissue and the blood vessel tissue near the bone tissue can not be really and effectively protected, and the operation risk is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic osteotome force detection and early warning system applied to medical orthopedic surgery, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an ultrasonic osteotome force detection early warning system applied to medical orthopedic surgery comprises a constant-voltage power control module, a frequency-locking control and admittance measurement module, a microcontroller MCU, a CPLD unit, a main power supply, a color LCD display screen with a touch screen, an acousto-optic prompt module and a corresponding drive module; the constant voltage power control module consists of a full bridge direct current inversion module driven by 100KHz PWM waves and a constant voltage power control module consisting of a voltage sampling, voltage amplifying, filtering and embedding module; the frequency locking control and admittance measurement module consists of a full-bridge direct current inversion module driven by 40KHz PWM waves, an impedance matching network, a resistance-capacitance sampling network, a CPLD unit, a preprocessing circuit, a gain amplifying circuit, a band-pass circuit, a high-speed ADC circuit and an RMS true effective value circuit.

The microcontroller MCU is connected with a main power supply, and the main power supply provides electric energy support required by the main power supply.

The microcontroller MCU is connected with the 100KHz full-bridge direct current inverter and the rectification filter circuit module through the drive control module, and constant voltage power control is carried out on the microcontroller MCU through outputting PWM waves with adjustable duty ratios.

The microcontroller MCU is connected with the voltage sampling circuit module through an amplifying, filtering and embedding module to acquire the output voltage of the 100KHz full-bridge direct current inverter and the rectifying and filtering circuit module, the output voltage is compared with the power parameter set by a user through the LCD color display and touch screen module and the error is calculated, the PID algorithm is carried out in the microcontroller MCU and the duty ratio of the output PWM wave is modified, and then a closed-loop control system is formed, so that the 100KHz full-bridge direct current inverter and the rectifying and filtering circuit module output accurate voltage according to the parameter set by the user.

The micro-controller MCU is connected with a 40KHz full-bridge direct current inverter through the drive control module, generates a frequency-adjustable high-voltage signal by outputting an adjustable frequency control signal, and finally drives the ultrasonic osteotome (namely the piezoelectric transducer, the amplitude transformer and the scalpel head of the osteotome) through the impedance matching of the impedance matching circuit module, thereby being finally applied to the physical cutting, grinding, planing, scraping and any shaping of bones.

The resistance-capacitance sampling network is provided with a circuit module for sampling and processing current and voltage signals of output signals, the resistance-capacitance sampling network is connected with the CPLD unit through a preprocessing circuit consisting of a precise operational amplifier, a gain amplifying circuit, a band-pass circuit and a high-speed ADC circuit so as to enter the CPLD unit for data acquisition and caching, and the resistance-capacitance sampling network is connected with the MCU through a bus by the CPLD unit.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the microcontroller MCU is connected with the LCD color display and touch screen, and the LCD color display and touch screen is used for displaying the running state information of the host, the power and flow parameter setting information, the abnormal warning information and also can be used for setting and modifying the power and flow parameter information by a user.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the system adopts the integrated circuit to ensure the transmission precision of the electric signal and reduce the drift error of the device performance in long-time operation, and can well generate high-performance stable signals; thereby generating a sine signal with constant frequency and amplitude for exciting the ultrasonic osteotome and ensuring the stability of the ultrasonic osteotome in long-term use; meanwhile, the microprocessor MCU processes the acquired admittance data in real time, so that effective detection and early warning can be performed according to the type change of the cutting object of the ultrasonic osteotome and the stress of the osteotome, and further the power on-off is controlled or the output of the excitation signal of the ultrasonic osteotome is adjusted to keep working in a resonance state; can ensure that the effect of cutting human bone tissues is good when the ultrasonic osteotome is used at every time, and solves the defect and the deficiency of high operation risk existing in the traditional osteotome.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present system.

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of the present system.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1-2, an ultrasonic osteotomy force detection and early warning system applied to medical orthopedic surgery comprises a constant voltage power control module, a frequency locking control and admittance measurement module, a microcontroller MCU, a CPLD unit, a main power supply, a color LCD display screen with a touch screen, an acousto-optic prompt module and a corresponding driving module; the constant voltage power control module consists of a full bridge direct current inversion module driven by 100KHz PWM waves and a constant voltage power control module consisting of a voltage sampling, voltage amplifying, filtering and embedding module; the frequency locking control and admittance measurement module consists of a full-bridge direct current inversion module driven by 40KHz PWM waves, an impedance matching network, a resistance-capacitance sampling network, a CPLD unit, a preprocessing circuit, a gain amplifying circuit, a band-pass circuit, a high-speed ADC circuit and an RMS true effective value circuit.

The resistance-capacitance sampling network is provided with a circuit module for sampling and processing current and voltage signals of output signals, the resistance-capacitance sampling network is connected with the CPLD unit through a preprocessing circuit consisting of a precise operational amplifier, a gain amplifying circuit, a band-pass circuit and a high-speed ADC circuit so as to enter the CPLD unit for data acquisition and caching, and the resistance-capacitance sampling network is connected with the MCU through a bus by the CPLD unit; the current signal is sent to an RMS true effective detection circuit module for processing after passing through a preprocessing circuit, a gain amplifying circuit and a band-pass circuit, so that true effective value voltage information of the current signal is obtained and sent to a microcontroller MCU for processing; and sweeping the frequency of the collected true effective value voltage information of the current in the microcontroller MCU to judge whether the ultrasonic osteotome is damaged or not and obtain the maximum resonance point of the ultrasonic osteotome, so that the ultrasonic osteotome can be conveniently used in the later process.

In the operation and use process, real-time FFT conversion operation processing is carried out on admittance parameter information, and then minimum quadratic fit is carried out on the obtained FFT conversion operation data, so that a real-time admittance circle of the ultrasonic osteotome is obtained; the stress size and the load condition of the ultrasonic osteotome are deduced through the admittance circle information, so that the type of the cutting object is judged, and early warning is given to the cutting force.

Example 2:

on the basis of the embodiment 1, the microcontroller MCU is connected to the LCD color display and touch screen, and the LCD color display and touch screen is used to display the host operating status information, the power and flow parameter setting information, and the abnormal warning information, and also can be used for the user to set and modify the power and flow parameter information.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic osteotome force detection early warning system applied to medical orthopedic surgery is characterized by comprising a constant voltage power control module, a frequency locking control and admittance measurement module, a microcontroller MCU, a CPLD unit, a main power supply, a color LCD display screen with a touch screen, an acousto-optic prompt module and a corresponding drive module; the constant voltage power control module consists of a full bridge direct current inversion module driven by 100KHz PWM waves and a constant voltage power control module consisting of a voltage sampling, voltage amplifying, filtering and embedding module; the frequency locking control and admittance measurement module consists of a full-bridge direct current inversion module driven by 40KHz PWM waves, an impedance matching network, a resistance-capacitance sampling network, a CPLD unit, a preprocessing circuit, a gain amplification circuit, a band-pass circuit, a high-speed ADC circuit and an RMS true effective value circuit;

the microcontroller MCU is connected with the voltage sampling circuit module through the amplifying, filtering and embedding module to obtain the output voltage of the 100KHz full-bridge direct current inverting and rectifying and filtering circuit module, the output voltage is compared with the power parameter set by a user through the LCD color display and touch screen module and the error is calculated, the PID algorithm is calculated in the microcontroller MCU and the duty ratio of the output PWM wave is modified, so that a closed-loop control system is formed, and the 100KHz full-bridge direct current inverting and rectifying and filtering circuit module outputs accurate voltage according to the parameter set by the user;

the micro-controller MCU is connected with a 40KHz full-bridge direct current inverter through a driving control module, generates a frequency-adjustable high-voltage signal by outputting adjustable frequency control, and finally drives the ultrasonic osteotome through impedance matching of an impedance matching circuit module so as to be finally applied to physical cutting, grinding, planing, scraping and any shaping of bones;

2. The ultrasonic osteotome force detection and early warning system of claim 1, wherein said microcontroller MCU is connected to a main power supply, said main power supply providing the electric power support required by said main power supply.

3. The ultrasonic osteotome force detection and early warning system applied to medical orthopedic surgery as claimed in claim 1, wherein said microcontroller MCU is connected with 100KHz full bridge DC inversion and rectification filter circuit module through driving control module, and performs constant voltage power control to it through outputting PWM wave with adjustable duty ratio.

4. The ultrasonic osteotome force detection and warning system applied to medical orthopedic surgery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the microcontroller MCU is connected with the LCD color display and touch screen, the LCD color display and touch screen is used for displaying the host machine running state information, the power and flow parameter setting information, the abnormal warning information, and the power and flow parameter information can be set and modified by the user.