CN112040624A - Control system and method of X-ray tube and X-ray imaging device - Google Patents
Control system and method of X-ray tube and X-ray imaging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112040624A CN112040624A CN201910482084.XA CN201910482084A CN112040624A CN 112040624 A CN112040624 A CN 112040624A CN 201910482084 A CN201910482084 A CN 201910482084A CN 112040624 A CN112040624 A CN 112040624A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/30—Controlling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/265—Measurements of current, voltage or power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/30—Controlling
- H05G1/32—Supply voltage of the X-ray apparatus or tube
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/54—Protecting or lifetime prediction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a control system and a control method of an X-ray tube and an X-ray imaging device, wherein the system comprises: the upper computer is used for outputting the operating parameters of the X-ray tube; a driving module for driving the X-ray tube; and the controller is used for controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube and controlling the X-ray tube to operate according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started. The invention can accurately control the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube, can be visually set through the upper computer, is greatly convenient for production debugging and use by users, can be compatible with normal operation of various X-ray tubes in different working modes, and has good compatibility and strong applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of X-ray tube control, in particular to a control system and method of an X-ray tube and X-ray imaging equipment.
Background
When the rotary anode type X-ray tube works, an anode target surface needs to quickly reach a certain speed according to a certain time sequence, stable rotation is maintained, and the rotation needs to be quickly stopped when the work is finished.
At present, a control scheme aiming at a rotary anode type X-ray tube is mainly realized by adopting an analog device, and the speed regulation of an anode target surface of the X-ray tube is mainly realized by adopting a phase-shifting control mode. Thus, the current control scheme has the following defects:
1. the change of the external environment temperature can seriously affect the working stability of the analog device, so that the consistency is poor;
2, the X-ray tube driving time sequence is fussy to control and inaccurate in time, and the production and debugging are extremely inconvenient;
3. the control mode of the analog circuit has narrow applicability, and one control circuit cannot meet the normal operation of various working modes of various ray tubes;
and 4, the driving mode of the X-ray tube can generate higher harmonics, so that the voltage waveform of a power grid is distorted, and the normal operation of other power utilization parts and system communication is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the above problems.
Therefore, one objective of the present invention is to provide a control system for an X-ray tube, which can precisely control the driving timing sequence of the X-ray tube, can be visually set by an upper computer, is greatly convenient for production, debugging and user use, and can be compatible with normal operation of various X-ray tubes in different working modes, and has good compatibility and strong applicability.
Another object of the invention is to propose an X-ray imaging device.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a control method of an X-ray tube.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention proposes a control system of an X-ray tube, including: the upper computer is used for outputting the operating parameters of the X-ray tube; a driving module for driving the X-ray tube; and the controller is used for controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube and controlling the X-ray tube to operate according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started.
In addition, the control system of the X-ray tube according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some examples, further comprising: the zero-crossing detection module is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply and outputting a pulse signal at each zero-crossing point; the controller controls the driving module to start the X-ray tube in each driving period, wherein the driving period comprises a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving periods are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals.
In some examples, the controller controls the driving module to activate the X-ray tube in each driving cycle by zero-crossing power, including: and in the driving period, the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is kept in a complete power supply alternating current period in the driving period, the X-ray tube is controlled to be disconnected from the power supply in a non-driving period, and the X-ray tube runs by means of inertia until the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply again in the next driving period.
In some examples, the operating parameters include: target rotation and stall time of an anode target surface of an X-ray tube, the system further comprising: the X-ray tube auxiliary module comprises a coil and a starting capacitor; the X-ray tube auxiliary module is connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the current of the coil according to the operation parameters, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube reaches the target rotating speed within preset time, and the target speed is maintained to operate before the stalling time is reached.
In some examples, further comprising: the X-ray tube shutdown module is used for outputting direct-current voltage; and the controller is used for controlling the X-ray tube shutdown module to be conducted with the X-ray tube auxiliary module when the X-ray tube reaches the shutdown time so as to output direct-current voltage to the coil and enable the anode target surface of the X-ray tube to be stopped.
In some examples, further comprising: the monitoring module is used for monitoring the running state of the X-ray tube in real time and feeding back the monitored running state data of the X-ray tube to the controller; the controller is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the X-ray tube according to the running state data.
In some examples, the controller is further configured to control the X-ray tube to stop rotating and feed back an X-ray tube abnormal signal to the upper computer when the monitoring module monitors that the operating state of the X-ray tube is abnormal.
In some examples, the controller is further configured to upload operating status data of the X-ray tube to the host computer; and the upper computer is used for displaying the running state data of the X-ray tube through a display interface.
According to the control system of the X-ray tube, the high-frequency controller adopts a digital control mode, the drive time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled, and the stability and the consistency are good; the visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production debugging and the use of a user are greatly facilitated; the system is compatible with various ray tubes to normally operate in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various working modes of various ray tubes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, so that the generation of higher harmonics is reduced, the communication of a system is not interfered, the rotating speed of the anode target surface is stable, and the safety is improved; the rapid stop of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention proposes an X-ray imaging apparatus including a control system of an X-ray tube according to the above embodiment of the present invention.
According to the X-ray imaging equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the high-frequency controller adopts a digital control mode, the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled, and the stability and the consistency are good; the visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production debugging and the use of a user are greatly facilitated; the device can be compatible with various ray tubes to normally operate in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various working modes of various ray tubes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, so that the generation of higher harmonics is reduced, the communication of a system is not interfered, the rotating speed of the anode target surface is stable, and the safety is improved; the rapid stop of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention proposes a control method of an X-ray tube, including the steps of: inputting operating parameters of the X-ray tube; and controlling a driving module to start the X-ray tube, and controlling the X-ray tube to operate according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started.
In addition, the control method of the X-ray tube according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some examples, further comprising: carrying out zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply and outputting a pulse signal at each zero-crossing point; and controlling a driving module to start the X-ray tube in each driving period, wherein the driving period comprises a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving periods are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals.
In some examples, controlling the drive module to activate the X-ray tube in each drive cycle by zero-crossing power comprises: and in the driving period, the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is kept in a complete power supply alternating current period in the driving period, the X-ray tube is controlled to be disconnected from the power supply in a non-driving period, and the X-ray tube runs by means of inertia until the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply again in the next driving period.
In some examples, the operating parameters include: target rotation and stall time of an anode target surface of an X-ray tube, the method further comprising: and controlling the current of the coil according to the operation parameters to enable the anode target surface of the X-ray tube to reach the target rotating speed within preset time, and maintaining the target speed to operate before the stop time is reached.
In some examples, further comprising: and when the X-ray tube reaches the stalling time, outputting direct current voltage to the coil to stall the anode target surface of the X-ray tube.
In some examples, further comprising: monitoring the running state of the X-ray tube in real time, and feeding back the monitored running state data of the X-ray tube; and carrying out closed-loop control on the X-ray tube according to the running state data.
In some examples, further comprising: when the abnormal operation state of the X-ray tube is monitored, the X-ray tube is controlled to stop rotating, and an abnormal rotation signal of the X-ray tube is fed back to the upper computer.
According to the control method of the X-ray tube, the high-frequency controller adopts a digital control mode, the drive time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled, and the stability and the consistency are good; the visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production debugging and the use of a user are greatly facilitated; the device can be compatible with various ray tubes to normally operate in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various working modes of various ray tubes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, so that the generation of higher harmonics is reduced, the communication of a system is not interfered, the rotating speed of the anode target surface is stable, and the safety is improved; the rapid stop of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of a control system of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of a control system of an X-ray tube according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of waveforms of relevant signals in a control system of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the control system of the X-ray tube according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The following describes a control system and method of an X-ray tube, and an X-ray imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a control system of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the control system 100 for the X-ray tube includes: host computer 11, drive module 16 and controller 14. The controller 14 may be a single chip microcomputer, for example. The X-ray tube 17 is, for example, a rotary anode type X-ray tube.
Specifically, the upper computer 11 is used for outputting the operating parameters of the X-ray tube 17. Specifically, the upper computer 11 includes, for example, a human-computer interface, and can send different irradiation control commands according to different requirements of a user and display the system operation conditions, where the irradiation control commands include, for example, operation parameters of the corresponding X-ray tube 17 in different irradiation modes. Different illumination modes such as a photography mode and a fluoroscopy mode under different tubes, etc.
The drive module 16 is used to drive the X-ray tube 17. As shown in fig. 2, the driving module 16 drives the X-ray tube 17 by controlling, for example, the switch K2, and when the switch K2 is closed, the X-ray tube 17 is turned on, and when the switch K2 is opened, the X-ray tube 17 is turned off.
The controller 14 is used for controlling the driving module 16 to start the X-ray tube 17 and controlling the X-ray tube 17 to operate according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube 17 is started. I.e. after switching on the X-ray tube 17, the operation of the X-ray tube 17 is controlled in accordance with the operating parameters.
Specifically, the user sets the operation parameters through the human-computer interface of the upper computer 11, and sends the operation parameters to the controller 14 (such as a single chip microcomputer) through the serial port RS 485. Meanwhile, the upper computer 11 may also issue control commands such as: an X-ray irradiation command mainly divided into a photographing mode and a perspective mode under different ray tubes; an X-ray irradiation stop command; x-ray tube anode rotation stop command, etc.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the system 100 further includes a zero crossing detection module 13. The zero-crossing detection module 13 is configured to perform zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply 12, and output a pulse signal at each zero-crossing point. Specifically, the zero-crossing detection module 13 detects positive and negative zero-crossing of the voltage of the power supply 12 (such as a 220VAC power), and after the zero-crossing detection module 13 is connected to the power supply 12, the voltage of the power supply 12 is firstly reduced from 220V to 12V through the step-down transformer, and then when the voltage of the 12VAC power after being reduced crosses zero every time, the zero-crossing detection module 13 generates a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to the controller 14. Therefore, the operation state of the power supply 12 can be monitored in real time through the zero-crossing detection module 13, and system instability caused by power grid voltage fluctuation is avoided. The controller 14 controls the driving module 16 to activate the X-ray tube 17 in each driving cycle, wherein the driving cycle includes a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving cycles are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals.
As shown in fig. 3, 21 is a voltage waveform of the power supply 12, and the power supply 12 is, for example, a 220VAC power supply. The reference numeral 22 denotes a pulse signal waveform output by the zero- cross detection module 13, 23 denotes a waveform for controlling the driving module 16 by the controller 14, and 24 denotes an operating voltage waveform of the X-ray tube 17. The power supply 12 powers the entire system 100, and the various parts of the system are powered through switch K1, where switch K1 is controlled by the controller 14. The zero-crossing detection module 13 is configured to perform zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply 12, and transmit a pulse signal obtained by the zero-crossing detection to the controller 14 for data processing. The controller 14 controls the triac K2 by amplifying the pulse signal obtained by the zero-crossing detection module 13 through the driving module 16 according to the control command of the upper computer 11, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 can rapidly reach a certain speed and then stably rotate.
That is, when the zero-crossing detection module 13 detects a voltage zero-crossing point, a pulse signal is output, and the controller 14 counts the pulse signal to determine a driving period, for example, sequentially counts, and uses a first preset number (5 shown in fig. 2) of pulse signal intervals as a driving period, and then uses a second adjacent preset number (1 shown in fig. 2) of pulse signal intervals as a non-driving period, and the first adjacent preset number of pulse signal intervals is another driving period, and so on. After the driving period is determined, the controller 14 controls the driving module 16 to activate the X-ray tube 17 during the driving period and not activate the X-ray tube 17 during the non-driving period. As shown in fig. 2, the driving module 16 controls the K2 to be closed to start the X-ray tube 17 during the driving period, and the driving module 16 controls the K2 to be opened to shut down the X-ray tube 17 during the non-driving period.
Specifically, the controller 14 controls the driving module 16 to start the X-ray tube 17 in each driving period by zero-cross power adjustment, including: in a driving period, the X-ray tube 17 is connected with the power supply 12, in the driving period, the working voltage of the X-ray tube 17 is kept in a complete alternating current period of the power supply 12, in a non-driving period, the X-ray tube 17 is controlled to be disconnected with the power supply 12, and the X-ray tube 17 runs by means of inertia until the next driving period, and the X-ray tube 17 is connected with the power supply 12 again. In other words, during one operating cycle of the X-ray tube 17 (including turning the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply (i.e., the power supply 12) on and off), based on the feedback information from the zero-crossing detection module 13, it is ensured that the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply are on at the 220VAC power supply voltage zero-crossing point, and that the operating voltage of the X-ray tube 17 is a full 220VAC power ac cycle (i.e., the drive cycle) during the on time, and then the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply are off (i.e., enter the non-drive cycle), and the X-ray tube 17 runs by inertia until the next. Thus, the output power is regulated and stabilized by controlling the number of complete alternating current cycles of the 220VAC power supply switched on in one working cycle, and the normal rotating speed of the X-ray tube 17 is achieved and maintained. As shown in fig. 3, the operating voltage waveform 24 is a full sine wave when the X-ray tube 17 is connected to a 220VAC power source. By the method, the bidirectional thyristor K2 can be conducted at the voltage zero point, the defect that the bidirectional thyristor K2 is easy to generate higher harmonics at the moment of conduction in a phase-shifting control mode to interfere the normal operation of other parts of the system is overcome, and the other parts of the system and the X-ray tube 17 can stably operate.
In one embodiment of the invention, the operating parameters include, for example: target rotation and stop time of the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17. As shown in fig. 2, the system 100 further comprises an X-ray tube auxiliary module 19.
The X-ray tube auxiliary module 19 includes a coil and a starting capacitor for rotating the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17. The X-ray tube auxiliary module 19 is connected to the controller 14, and the controller 14 is configured to control the current of the coil according to the operation parameter, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 reaches the target rotation speed within a preset time, and maintain the target rotation speed before reaching the stop time. That is, by adjusting the current of the coil, the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 is rapidly brought to the required target rotational speed in a short time, and the target speed operation is maintained until the stop time is reached, i.e., stable and safe operation of the X-ray tube 17 is ensured.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, an X-ray tube shutdown module 15 is also included.
The X-ray tube shutdown module 15 is configured to output a dc voltage; the controller 14 is configured to control the X-ray tube shutdown module 15 to be in conduction with the X-ray tube auxiliary module 19 when the X-ray tube 17 reaches a shutdown time, so as to output a dc voltage to the coil, thereby stopping the rotation of the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17. Specifically, the X-ray tube stopping module 15 is to quickly stop the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 after the irradiation operation is finished, reduce wear of the X-ray tube 17 due to rotation, and improve the service life of the X-ray tube 17. The X-ray tube shutdown module 15 may include a dc voltage source for outputting a dc voltage, and the operation is that when the system is to be shut down after the system is irradiated, the controller 14 controls the switch K1 to be turned on, so that the coil of the light-ray tube auxiliary module 19 is connected to the dc power source, and the coil is closed to generate a stable dc power, so that a stable static magnetic field is generated inside the coil. According to the electromagnetic field theory, the static magnetic field can prevent the rotation of the anode target surface and make the anode target surface stop rapidly. It should be noted that in different modes, the rotation speed of the anode target surface is different, and the required stop time is also different, which can be controlled by the controller 14 according to the actual requirement.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, a monitoring module 18 is also included. The monitoring module 18 is configured to monitor an operating state of the X-ray tube 17 in real time, and feed back the monitored operating state data of the X-ray tube 17 to the controller 14; the controller 14 is configured to perform closed-loop control of the X-ray tube 17 based on the operation state data, thereby ensuring stable and safe operation of the X-ray tube 17 based on the monitored data.
Further, the controller 14 is further configured to control the X-ray tube 17 to stop rotating when the monitoring module 18 monitors that the operating state of the X-ray tube 17 is abnormal, and feed back an abnormal signal of the X-ray tube 17 to the upper computer 11, so that a user can obtain abnormal information through the upper computer 11 in time, and the abnormal information can be processed and maintained in time, thereby improving system safety and reliability.
Further, the controller 14 is also used for uploading the operation state data of the X-ray tube 17 to the upper computer 11; the upper computer 11 is used for displaying the running state data of the X-ray tube 17 through a display interface, so that a user can conveniently check the running state data of the X-ray tube 17 at any time and know the running state of the X-ray tube 17 in time. Specifically, the controller 14 may transmit the operation state data to the upper computer 11 through the serial port RS485, and the operation state data may include: the operating state of the X-ray tube 17, the operating current and operating voltage of the X-ray tube 17, the operating temperature of the X-ray tube 17, the running time statistics of the X-ray tube 17, and the like.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the internal structure of the monitoring module 18 first samples the ac current of the coil of the X-ray tube auxiliary module 19 through the current transformer module 181, then converts the ac current signal into a dc voltage signal with a certain frequency through the current conversion module 182, then amplifies the dc voltage signal through the operational amplifier module 183 and uses the amplified dc voltage signal as the input of the retriggerable monostable trigger module 184, and obtains the operating voltage of the X-ray tube 17 through the processing of the retriggerable monostable trigger module 184 and sends the operating voltage to the controller 14. Likewise, other operational status data such as the operating current of the X-ray tube 17 may also be obtained in accordance with a procedure similar to that described above. Further, the controller 14 can perform control based on the operation state data of the X-ray tube 17, and perform closed-loop control to allow safe and stable operation of the X-ray tube 17. In the process, if the operating state of the X-ray tube 17 is monitored to be abnormal, the controller 14 controls the X-ray tube 17 to stop rotating, and feeds back an X-ray tube rotation abnormal signal to the upper computer 11.
In other words, the operation principle of the system 100 is summarized as follows: the controller 14 controls the triac K2 to be turned on and off by controlling the driving module 16 according to the irradiation control command (including corresponding operating parameters in different irradiation modes) of the upper computer and the pulse signal output by the zero-cross detection module 13, so that the X-ray tube 17 is normally started to operate according to a certain time sequence, and the specific working flow is as shown in fig. 5. Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the controller 14 receives an irradiation control command transmitted by the upper computer 11, for example, the irradiation control command includes operating parameters of the corresponding X-ray tube in different irradiation modes, which mainly include a target speed at which the X-ray tube 17 operates, an operating time of the X-ray tube 17, and a stop time of the X-ray tube 17. After the controller 14 receives the set operation parameters, the triac K2 is controlled by controlling the driving module 16 to make the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 reach the target rotation speed required in different irradiation modes. Further, the controller 14 receives the X-ray tube 17 having reached the required target rotation speed, turns on the X-ray tube irradiation command control program, and controls the triac K2 to maintain the anode target surface rotating stably at the target rotation speed through the driving module 16 according to the feedback information of the zero-crossing detection module 13 during irradiation. After the irradiation of the X-ray tube 17 is completed, the X-ray tube 17 must be stopped quickly in order to reduce the deterioration of the life of the X-ray tube 17 due to wear caused by the high-speed rotation. Therefore, the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 is rapidly stopped by the X-ray tube stop module 15. It should be noted that the stall time at different rotation speeds is different, and the time is controlled by the controller 14 according to the requirement.
The drive of the triac K2 by the control system 100 of the X-ray tube according to the embodiment of the present invention does not adopt the conventional phase shift control, but adopts the zero-crossing power adjustment mode. That is, during one operating cycle of the X-ray tube 17 (including the turning on and off of the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply (i.e., the power supply 12)), based on the feedback information from the zero-crossing detection module 13, it is ensured that the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply are turned on at the time of the zero-crossing of the 220VAC power supply voltage, and that the operating voltage of the X-ray tube 17 is the full 220VAC power ac cycle (i.e., the drive cycle) during the on time, and then the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply are turned off (i.e., the non-drive cycle) until the next operating cycle. Thus, the output power is regulated and stabilized by controlling the number of complete alternating current cycles of the 220VAC power supply switched on in one working cycle, and the normal rotating speed of the X-ray tube 17 is achieved and maintained. As shown in fig. 3, the operating voltage waveform 24 is a full sine wave when the X-ray tube 17 is connected to a 220VAC power source. By the method, the bidirectional thyristor K2 can be conducted at the voltage zero point, the defect that the bidirectional thyristor K2 is easy to generate higher harmonics at the moment of conduction in a phase-shifting control mode to interfere the normal operation of other parts of the system is overcome, and the other parts of the system and the X-ray tube 17 can stably operate.
According to the control system of the X-ray tube, the high-frequency controller adopts a digital control mode, the drive time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled, and the stability and the consistency are good; the visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production debugging and the use of a user are greatly facilitated; the system is compatible with various ray tubes to normally operate in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various working modes of various ray tubes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, so that the generation of higher harmonics is reduced, the communication of a system is not interfered, the rotating speed of the anode target surface is stable, and the safety is improved; the rapid stop of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
A further embodiment of the invention proposes an X-ray imaging device comprising a control system for an X-ray tube as described in any of the above embodiments of the invention.
According to the X-ray imaging equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the high-frequency controller adopts a digital control mode, the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled, and the stability and the consistency are good; the visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production debugging and the use of a user are greatly facilitated; the device can be compatible with various ray tubes to normally operate in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various working modes of various ray tubes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, so that the generation of higher harmonics is reduced, the communication of a system is not interfered, the rotating speed of the anode target surface is stable, and the safety is improved; the rapid stop of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
A further embodiment of the invention also proposes a method of controlling an X-ray tube.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the method comprises the steps of:
step S1: the operating parameters of the X-ray tube are input. Specifically, the operating parameters of the X-ray tube can be input through the upper computer. The upper computer comprises a human-computer interaction interface, for example, and can send different irradiation control commands and display the system running conditions according to different requirements of a user, wherein the irradiation control commands comprise running parameters of corresponding X-ray tubes in different irradiation modes, for example. Different illumination modes such as a photography mode and a fluoroscopy mode under different tubes, etc.
Step S2: and controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube, and controlling the X-ray tube to operate according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises: carrying out zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply and outputting a pulse signal at each zero-crossing point; and controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube in each driving period, wherein the driving period comprises a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving periods are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals.
Specifically, the zero-crossing detection module can be used for detecting the positive and negative zero-crossing of the voltage of a power supply (such as a 220VAC power supply), after the zero-crossing detection module is connected with the power supply, the voltage of the power supply is firstly reduced from 220V to 12V through a step-down transformer, and then when the voltage of the 12VAC power supply after being reduced passes through zero every time, the zero-crossing detection module can generate a pulse signal. Therefore, the operation state of the power supply can be monitored in real time through the zero-crossing detection module, and system instability caused by power grid voltage fluctuation is avoided.
That is, when the zero-crossing detection module detects a voltage zero-crossing point, a pulse signal is output, the pulse signal is counted, the driving period is determined, for example, in sequence, a first preset number of pulse signal intervals are taken as a driving period, then a second adjacent preset number of pulse signal intervals are taken as a non-driving period, the first adjacent preset number of pulse signal intervals are taken as another driving period, and so on. And after the driving period is determined, controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube in the driving period and not start the X-ray tube in the non-driving period.
Specifically, the method for controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube in each driving period by zero-crossing power comprises the following steps: in the driving period, the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is kept in a complete power supply alternating current period in the driving period, the X-ray tube is controlled to be disconnected with the power supply in the non-driving period, and the X-ray tube runs by means of inertia until the next driving period, and then the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply again. In other words, during one working cycle of the X-ray tube (including the connection and disconnection of the X-ray tube to the 220VAC power supply), based on the feedback information from the zero-crossing detection module, it is ensured that the X-ray tube is connected to the 220VAC power supply at the time of the zero-crossing of the 220VAC power supply voltage, and that the working voltage of the X-ray tube is a complete 220VAC power supply ac cycle (i.e., the drive cycle) during the connection time, and then the X-ray tube is disconnected from the 220VAC power supply (i.e., the non-drive cycle) and runs by inertia until the next working cycle. Therefore, the output power is regulated and stabilized by controlling the number of the complete alternating current cycles of the 220VAC power supply switched on in one working cycle, and the normal rotating speed of the X-ray tube is achieved and maintained. Therefore, the bidirectional silicon controlled switch can be conducted at the voltage zero point through the method, the defect that the bidirectional silicon controlled switch is easy to generate higher harmonics to interfere the normal operation of other parts of the system at the moment of conducting in the phase-shifting control mode is eliminated, and the other parts of the system and the X-ray tube can stably operate.
In one embodiment of the invention, the operating parameters include: target rotation and stall time of an anode target surface of an X-ray tube, the method further comprising: and controlling the current of the coil according to the operation parameters to enable the anode target surface of the X-ray tube to reach the target rotating speed within preset time, and maintaining the target speed to operate before the stop time is reached. Specifically, the anode target surface of the X-ray tube is rotated through the coil and the starting capacitor, the anode target surface of the X-ray tube rapidly reaches the required target rotating speed in a short time by adjusting the current of the coil, and the target speed is maintained to operate before the stopping time is reached, namely the stable and safe operation of the X-ray tube is ensured.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: when the X-ray tube reaches the stop time, the direct current voltage is output to the coil, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube stops rotating. Specifically, in order to quickly stop the anode target surface of the X-ray tube after the irradiation work is finished, reduce the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation and prolong the service life of the X-ray tube, a direct current voltage source can be arranged and used for outputting direct current voltage, when the system finishes irradiation and needs to be stopped, a control coil is connected to a direct current power supply, the inside of the coil is closed to generate stable direct current, and therefore a stable static magnetic field is generated inside the coil. According to the electromagnetic field theory, the static magnetic field can prevent the rotation of the anode target surface and make the anode target surface stop rapidly. It should be noted that, in different modes, the rotation speed of the anode target surface is different, and the required stop time is also different, which can be controlled according to the actual requirement.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: monitoring the running state of the X-ray tube in real time, and feeding back the monitored running state data of the X-ray tube; the X-ray tube is closed-loop controlled according to the operation state data, so that stable and safe operation of the X-ray tube is ensured according to the monitoring data.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: when the abnormal operation state of the X-ray tube is monitored, the X-ray tube is controlled to stop rotating, and an abnormal rotation signal of the X-ray tube is fed back to the upper computer, so that a user can conveniently obtain abnormal information in time through the upper computer, the abnormal information can be processed and maintained in time, and the safety and the reliability of the system are improved.
Further, the method further comprises: uploading the running state data of the X-ray tube to an upper computer; the upper computer can display the running state data of the X-ray tube through the display interface, so that a user can conveniently check the running state data of the X-ray tube at any time and know the running state of the X-ray tube in time. The operational status data may include: the operation state of the X-ray tube, the operation current and the operation voltage of the X-ray tube, the operation temperature of the X-ray tube, the operation time statistics of the X-ray tube and the like.
It should be noted that a specific implementation manner of the control method of the X-ray tube according to the embodiment of the present invention is similar to a specific implementation manner of the control system of the X-ray tube according to the embodiment of the present invention, and please refer to the description of the system part specifically, and details are not described here again in order to reduce redundancy.
According to the control method of the X-ray tube, the high-frequency controller adopts a digital control mode, the drive time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled, and the stability and the consistency are good; the visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production debugging and the use of a user are greatly facilitated; the device can be compatible with various ray tubes to normally operate in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various working modes of various ray tubes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, so that the generation of higher harmonics is reduced, the communication of a system is not interfered, the rotating speed of the anode target surface is stable, and the safety is improved; the rapid stop of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (16)
1. A control system for an X-ray tube, comprising:
the upper computer is used for outputting the operating parameters of the X-ray tube;
a driving module for driving the X-ray tube;
and the controller is used for controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube and controlling the X-ray tube to operate according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started.
2. The control system of an X-ray tube according to claim 1, further comprising:
the zero-crossing detection module is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply and outputting a pulse signal at each zero-crossing point;
the controller controls the drive module to activate the X-ray tube in each drive cycle, wherein,
the driving periods comprise a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving periods are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals.
3. The control system of the X-ray tube according to claim 2, wherein the controller controls the driving module to start the X-ray tube in each driving period by zero-crossing power, comprising:
and in the driving period, the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is kept in a complete power supply alternating current period in the driving period, the X-ray tube is controlled to be disconnected from the power supply in a non-driving period, and the X-ray tube runs by means of inertia until the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply again in the next driving period.
4. The control system of an X-ray tube according to claim 1, wherein the operating parameters comprise: target rotation and stall time of an anode target surface of an X-ray tube, the system further comprising:
the X-ray tube auxiliary module comprises a coil and a starting capacitor;
the X-ray tube auxiliary module is connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the current of the coil according to the operation parameters, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube reaches the target rotating speed within preset time, and the target speed is maintained to operate before the stalling time is reached.
5. The control system of the X-ray tube according to claim 4, further comprising:
the X-ray tube shutdown module is used for outputting direct-current voltage;
and the controller is used for controlling the X-ray tube shutdown module to be conducted with the X-ray tube auxiliary module when the X-ray tube reaches the shutdown time so as to output direct-current voltage to the coil and enable the anode target surface of the X-ray tube to be stopped.
6. The control system for a rotary X-ray tube according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the running state of the X-ray tube in real time and feeding back the monitored running state data of the X-ray tube to the controller;
the controller is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the X-ray tube according to the running state data.
7. The control system of the X-ray tube according to claim 6, wherein the controller is further configured to control the X-ray tube to stop rotating and feed back an abnormal X-ray tube signal to the upper computer when the monitoring module monitors that the operating state of the X-ray tube is abnormal.
8. The control system of an X-ray tube according to claim 6,
the controller is also used for uploading the running state data of the X-ray tube to the upper computer;
and the upper computer is used for displaying the running state data of the X-ray tube through a display interface.
9. An X-ray imaging apparatus characterized by comprising a control system of an X-ray tube according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A control method for an X-ray tube, comprising:
inputting operating parameters of the X-ray tube;
and controlling a driving module to start the X-ray tube, and controlling the X-ray tube to operate according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started.
11. The control method of an X-ray tube according to claim 10, further comprising:
carrying out zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply and outputting a pulse signal at each zero-crossing point;
controlling a drive module to activate the X-ray tube during each drive cycle, wherein,
the driving periods comprise a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving periods are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals.
12. The control method of the X-ray tube according to claim 11, wherein controlling the driving module to activate the X-ray tube in each driving period by zero-cross power comprises:
and in the driving period, the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is kept in a complete power supply alternating current period in the driving period, the X-ray tube is controlled to be disconnected from the power supply in a non-driving period, and the X-ray tube runs by means of inertia until the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply again in the next driving period.
13. The control method of an X-ray tube according to claim 10, wherein the operating parameters include: target rotation and stall time of an anode target surface of an X-ray tube, the method further comprising:
and controlling the current of the coil according to the operation parameters to enable the anode target surface of the X-ray tube to reach the target rotating speed within preset time, and maintaining the target speed to operate before the stop time is reached.
14. The control method of an X-ray tube according to claim 13, further comprising:
and when the X-ray tube reaches the stalling time, outputting direct current voltage to the coil to stall the anode target surface of the X-ray tube.
15. The control method of an X-ray tube according to any one of claims 10 to 14, further comprising:
monitoring the running state of the X-ray tube in real time, and feeding back the monitored running state data of the X-ray tube;
and carrying out closed-loop control on the X-ray tube according to the running state data.
16. The control method of an X-ray tube according to claim 15, further comprising:
when the abnormal operation state of the X-ray tube is monitored, the X-ray tube is controlled to stop rotating, and an abnormal rotation signal of the X-ray tube is fed back to the upper computer.
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