CN112033539A - Novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer - Google Patents
Novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112033539A CN112033539A CN202010824765.2A CN202010824765A CN112033539A CN 112033539 A CN112033539 A CN 112033539A CN 202010824765 A CN202010824765 A CN 202010824765A CN 112033539 A CN112033539 A CN 112033539A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012742 biochemical analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
- G01J3/18—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators using diffraction elements, e.g. grating
Abstract
The invention provides a novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer. The method is characterized in that: the device comprises a light source 1, a transmission type fiber grating 2, a gravity block 3, a gravity control system 4, a beam collimator 5, a focusing lens 6, a detector 7, a reading circuit 8 and a data processing system 9. The invention can be used for detecting the spectral characteristics of the substance, so that the composition and the structure of the substance can be observed, and the invention can be widely used in the fields of biochemical analysis, industrial automatic detection, food industry and the like.
Description
(I) technical field
The invention relates to a novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer which can be used for detecting spectral characteristics of a substance so as to observe the composition and structure of the substance and can be widely applied to the fields of biochemical analysis, industrial automatic detection, food industry and the like.
(II) background of the invention
The spectrum is a spectral line pattern in which monochromatic light separated by chromatic dispersion is sequentially arranged according to the wavelength or the frequency after the monochromatic light is split by the chromatic dispersion system. The method of analyzing and identifying a substance and determining the chemical composition and relative content of the substance based on its spectrum is called spectroscopic analysis. In other words, the spectroscopic analysis technique is a technique for measuring and analyzing the structure and composition of a substance by applying optical principles, and is widely used in scientific work, and is often used to solve fundamental problems and application problems in physics, biochemistry, scientific agriculture, geophysics and other related disciplines.
The spectrometer is an instrument for analyzing and measuring the frequency, intensity characteristics and change rule of optical radiation as an indispensable tool in the spectrum analysis technology, and the principle of the spectrometer is to decompose light with different frequencies according to a certain rule to form a spectrum according to the principle of optical dispersion, diffraction or optical modulation. The spectrometer can be used for observing, analyzing and processing the structure of a measured substance, can be used for measuring and analyzing the frequency and the intensity of light radiation, has the advantages of large measurement range, high resolution, high speed, small sample consumption and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of modern scientific experiments, medical and medical research, biological research, petrochemical industry, environmental protection, space exploration, resource and hydrological exploration and the like.
The following steps are required to realize the function of the spectrometer: 1. decomposing the light to be studied according to wavelength or wave number; 2. measuring the energy of the light of each wavelength to determine the profile or width of the spectral line; 3. the decomposed light wave and its intensity are recorded and displayed according to the distribution of the wavelength to become a spectrogram. To achieve the above function, the spectrometer generally comprises: light source and lighting system, collimation system, dispersion system, focusing system, detection recording and display system.
The existing spectrometers are various in types and have various different classification modes, and can be divided into a reflection spectrometer, an absorption spectrometer, a scattering spectrometer and a fluorescence spectrometer according to the principle of measuring spectra, a prism spectrometer, a grating spectrometer and an interference spectrometer according to the principle of dispersion original and light splitting, and a vacuum ultraviolet (far ultraviolet) spectrometer, an ultraviolet spectrometer, a visible light spectrometer, a near infrared spectrometer and a far infrared spectrometer according to the difference of wavelength ranges of the instruments.
The grating spectrometer is a spectrometer which is very commonly used and has the characteristics of uniform dispersion, high resolution, concentrated energy, wide spectrum range and the like. The grating is an optical element which decomposes the composite light into monochromatic light by a multi-slit diffraction principle, a large number of parallel nicks with equal width and equal distance are engraved on glass, the nicks are opaque parts, and the smooth part between the two nicks can transmit light and is equivalent to a slit. The more notches are in the unit area, the greater the dispersion of the grating, and the resolution of the grating is determined by the number of notches in the unit area. The grating may be classified into a reflection grating and a transmission grating, wherein a grating diffracted by transmitting light is referred to as a transmission grating, and a grating diffracted by reflecting light is referred to as a reflection grating.
At present, the grating spectrometer is applied to a plurality of production and scientific research fields, the market demand is large, and the demand of the spectrometer can be further increased along with the further development of each field. Although the existing home and abroad spectrometers have a wide variety of types, especially the application of diffraction gratings, the resolution and the light intensity of the spectrometers are improved. However, in the currently used spectrometer, the dispersion system is mainly of two types, namely, an optical system based on a flat-field holographic concave grating and an optical system based on a flat grating, wherein the optical system based on the flat-field holographic concave grating only includes one optical device (flat-field holographic concave grating), although the structure is simpler, the processing cost is high, and the spectrometer using the optical system as the dispersion system has low efficiency; an optical system based on a plane grating is widely applied to most spectrometer systems and comprises elements such as a slit, a collimating mirror, a plane grating and an imaging mirror, but the dispersion system is more in use, and the dispersion element has higher requirements on the overall stability of the instrument, and the position of the dispersion system during the light splitting period is relatively changed due to jitter, temperature difference and the like, so that the light splitting effect of the dispersion element is influenced, and the volume of the spectrometer is enlarged; meanwhile, due to the use of the detection array, the design difficulty of the spectrometer is greatly improved, the cost of the spectrometer is increased, and the energy loss is large. Therefore, most of the conventional spectrometers are limited to be applied to laboratories and large-scale engineering, and are rarely applied to the civil field, so that the application of the spectrometers is limited.
In order to solve the problems of large volume, large energy loss, high cost and the like of the spectrometer, the gravity control system is used, the transmission center wavelength of the fiber grating is changed by applying an external force action on the surface of the transmission type fiber grating, so that the wavelengths of light transmitted out of the fiber grating under the application of different gravity are different, meanwhile, the single detector is used for obtaining the light intensity corresponding to the transmission center wavelength, and a spectrogram of a complete wave band is obtained after multiple measurements. Through comparison of patents and literatures, no one has used the method to manufacture the spectrometer at present.
The invention discloses a novel transmission type fiber bragg grating spectrometer. The method can be used for detecting the spectral characteristics of the substances, so that the components and the structures of the substances can be observed, and the method can be widely applied to the fields of large biochemical analysis, industrial automatic detection, food industry and the like. The invention utilizes the characteristics of uniform dispersion, high resolution, small energy loss, small volume and the like of the fiber grating spectrometer, and changes the gravity applied on the surface of the transmission type fiber grating by using the gravity control system so as to change the transmission center wavelength of the transmission type fiber grating, so that the light of the wave band at the transmission center wavelength is transmitted, and the light of the other wavelengths is reflected. Meanwhile, the system uses a single detector, so that the cost is saved, the volume of the spectrometer is reduced, and spectrograms with one-to-one correspondence of wavelengths and intensity distributions can be obtained after the gravity control system is changed for many times.
Disclosure of the invention
The invention aims to provide a novel transmission type fiber bragg grating spectrometer with small volume, low power consumption, high integration level and simple operation
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer is characterized in that: the device comprises a light source 1, a transmission type fiber grating 2, a gravity block 3, a gravity control system 4, a beam collimator 5, a focusing lens 6, a detector 7, a reading circuit 8 and a data processing system 9. A gravity block 3 is arranged on the surface of a transmission type fiber grating 2 packaged in the system, and the gravity applied to the transmission type fiber grating 2 by the gravity block 3 can be changed through a gravity control system 4. Light beams emitted by the light source 1 are incident into the transmission type fiber grating 2 through the transmission optical fibers, light with the wavelength being in the transmission central wavelength waveband of the transmission type fiber grating 2 is transmitted through each grating surface, formed gathered light beams are input into the light beam collimator 5 through the transmission optical fibers, and the collimated light beams are focused to the detector 7 through the focusing lens 6. The detector 7 converts the detected optical signal into an electrical signal, and the reading circuit 8 reads the electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the control and data processing system 9 for processing to obtain the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of the transmission center. The transmission center long wavelength is changed by changing the gravity applied to the transmission type fiber grating for a plurality of times, and different transmission center wavelengths and corresponding light intensities are recorded to obtain a spectrogram.
The light source 1 needs to have the characteristics of strong radiation intensity, good stability, long service life and the like, light beams emitted by the light source 1 are transmitted into the transmission type fiber grating 2 through the transmission optical fiber, only light in the transmission center wavelength band of the fiber grating is transmitted on each grating surface, and light with other wavelengths is reflected.
The gravity control system 4 changes the gravity applied on the surface of the fiber bragg grating through the gravity block 3 placed on the surface of the packaged transmission type fiber bragg grating 2, so that the transmission center wavelength of the fiber bragg grating is changed, the light transmitted on each grating surface of the transmission type fiber bragg grating 2 is input to the light beam collimator 5 through the transmission optical fiber, and the collimated light beams are focused on the detector 7 through the focusing lens 6.
The detector 7 can be a single photomultiplier or an avalanche photodiode, has high stability and extremely high sensitivity, and can detect extremely weak optical signals and convert the optical signals into electrical signals to be input to the readout circuit 8.
The reading circuit 8 needs to be selected according to different detector types, for example, the detector 7 selects an avalanche photodiode, and when the detector 7 is in a single photon detection mode, the reading circuit 8 is a quenching circuit; when the detector 7 is in the linear mode, the readout circuit 8 is a transimpedance amplifier circuit.
The read circuit 8 sends the read electrical signal to the output processing system 9, and the data processing system 9 processes the electrical signal to obtain the light intensity value corresponding to the transmission center wavelength of the transmission type fiber grating 2, and records the light intensity value in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In the system, the gravity control system 4 changes the gravity applied on the surface of the transmission type fiber grating 2 for a plurality of times, so that the transmission center wavelength of the transmission type fiber grating 2 is changed correspondingly, then the wavelength transmitted from the fiber grating and the obtained light intensity are correspondingly delivered to the data processing system 9 for processing and recording, and finally, a spectrogram is formed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the gravity control system 4 can control the gravity block 3 placed on the surface of the transmission type fiber grating 2, so that the gravity on the surface of the fiber grating is controlled, the transmission center wavelength of the transmission type fiber grating 2 is changed, only the light in the transmission wavelength center waveband can be transmitted, and the light with other wavelengths can be reflected according to the characteristics of the transmission type fiber grating. That is, the gravity control system 4 is changed for many times, so that the gravity applied to the surface of the transmission type fiber grating 2 is changed, and the light intensities corresponding to different wavelengths are obtained, the spectrograms corresponding to the wavelengths and the light intensities in a one-to-one manner can be obtained through the data processing system 9, and the cost is reduced by using the single detector 7. The spectrometer has the advantages of small volume, low power consumption, stable performance, low cost, capability of being used in complicated and changeable environments and the like.
(IV) description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer. The device comprises a light source 1, a transmission type fiber grating 2, a gravity block 3, a gravity control system 4, a beam collimator 5, a focusing lens 6, a detector 7, a reading circuit 8 and a data processing system 9.
FIG. 2 is an embodiment of a novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer. The device comprises a light source 21, a transmission type fiber grating 22, a gravity block 23, a gravity control system 24, a beam collimator 25, a focusing lens 26, a detector 27, a reading circuit 28 and a data processing system 29.
(V) detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer. The system consists of a light source 21, a transmission type fiber grating 22, a gravity block 23, a gravity control system 24, a beam collimator 25, a focusing lens 26, a detector 27, a readout circuit 28 and a data processing system 29. A gravity block 3 is arranged on the surface of a transmission type fiber grating 2 packaged in the system, and the gravity applied to the transmission type fiber grating 2 by the gravity block 3 can be changed through a gravity control system 4. Light beams emitted by the light source 1 are incident into the transmission type fiber grating 2 through the transmission optical fibers, light with the wavelength being in the transmission central wavelength waveband of the transmission type fiber grating 2 is transmitted through each grating surface, formed gathered light beams are input into the light beam collimator 5 through the transmission optical fibers, and the collimated light beams are focused to the detector 7 through the focusing lens 6. The detector 7 converts the detected optical signal into an electrical signal, and the reading circuit 8 reads the electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the control and data processing system 9 for processing to obtain the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of the transmission center. The transmission center long wavelength is changed by changing the gravity applied to the transmission type fiber grating for a plurality of times, and different transmission center wavelengths and corresponding light intensities are recorded to obtain a spectrogram.
The light source system 21 used in this embodiment is a deuterium lamp, which has the advantages of high stability, long lifetime, etc., and radiates with a continuous radiation spectrum with a wavelength ranging from 165nm to 370 nm. The light emitted from the deuterium lamp enters the transmission type fiber grating 22 through the transmission fiber.
The transmission center wavelength of the transmission type fiber grating 22 is affected by the change of the external gravity, and the gravity block 23 disposed on the surface of the transmission type fiber grating 22 packaged is controlled by the gravity control system 24, so that the gravity applied to the fiber grating is changed, thereby changing the transmission center wavelength of the transmission type fiber grating 22.
When the gravity applied to the surface of the transmission type fiber grating 22 is a certain value, at this time, the transmission center wavelength of the transmission type grating fiber 22 is 650nm, light of the wavelength of 650nm entering the transmission type fiber grating is transmitted on each grating surface of the fiber grating, and light of the remaining wavelengths is reflected.
The transmitted light beam is input to the beam collimator 25 through the transmission fiber, the collimated reflected light beam is focused by the focusing lens 23 onto the detector 27, the detector 27 is a single avalanche photodiode in a single photon mode, which converts the collected light signal into an electrical signal and sends the electrical signal to the readout circuit 28 for reading, the readout circuit 28 is a quenching circuit, the read electrical signal is sent to the signal processing system 29 for processing, and the signal processing system 29 obtains the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength.
The gravity control system 24 changes the gravity applied on the surface of the transmission type fiber grating 22 for many times, so that the transmission center wavelength of the transmission type fiber grating 22 is changed correspondingly (from 165nm to 370nm in sequence), and then the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength one by one is obtained through the detector system, and a complete spectrogram is obtained through the data processing system 29.
Claims (6)
1. A novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer is characterized in that: the device comprises a light source 1, a transmission type fiber grating 2, a gravity block 3, a gravity control system 4, a beam collimator 5, a focusing lens 6, a detector 7, a reading circuit 8 and a data processing system 9. A gravity block 3 is arranged on the surface of a transmission type fiber grating 2 packaged in the system, and the gravity applied to the transmission type fiber grating 2 by the gravity block 3 can be changed through a gravity control system 4. Light beams emitted by the light source 1 are incident into the transmission type fiber grating 2 through the transmission optical fibers, light with the wavelength being in the transmission central wavelength waveband of the transmission type fiber grating 2 is transmitted through each grating surface, formed gathered light beams are input into the light beam collimator 5 through the transmission optical fibers, and the collimated light beams are focused to the detector 7 through the focusing lens 6. The detector 7 converts the detected optical signal into an electrical signal, and the reading circuit 8 reads the electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the control and data processing system 9 for processing to obtain the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of the transmission center. The transmission center wavelength is changed by changing the gravity applied to the transmission type fiber grating for a plurality of times, and different transmission center wavelengths and corresponding light intensities are recorded to obtain a spectrogram.
2. A novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer as claimed in claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the light source 1 is used for providing stable excitation energy for the instrument, and can be a low-pressure mercury lamp, or any one of a light-emitting diode, a pulse laser, a deuterium lamp and the like.
3. A novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer as claimed in claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the transmission type fiber grating 2 may be a long period fiber grating or a fiber bragg grating. In the fiber grating, light in the transmission center wavelength band is transmitted, and light of other wavelengths is reflected.
4. A novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer as claimed in claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the gravity control system 4 controls the gravity block 3 to change the gravity on the surface of the packaged transmission type fiber grating 2, so as to change the transmission center wavelength of the transmission type fiber grating.
5. A novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer as claimed in claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the detector 7 is a single detector, and may be any one of a photomultiplier tube and an avalanche photodiode, and functions to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal.
6. A novel transmission type fiber grating spectrometer as claimed in claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the readout circuit 8 reads out the electrical signal output by the detector 7, and the readout circuit of the detector 7 in different detection modes is also changed. For example, the detector 7 is an avalanche photodiode, and when the avalanche photodiode is in a single photon detection mode, the read-out circuit is a quenching circuit; when the avalanche photodiode is in a linear mode, the readout circuit is a transimpedance amplification circuit.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113237498A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-10 | 华北水利水电大学 | Optical displacement sensing system based on planar variable-period transmission grating |
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| JPH08101310A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-16 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Reflection type fiber grating filter |
| US6058226A (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2000-05-02 | D-Star Technologies Llc | Optical fiber sensors, tunable filters and modulators using long-period gratings |
| KR20010074560A (en) * | 2001-05-04 | 2001-08-04 | 송재원 | Tunable gain-flattening filter using microbending long-period fiber grating |
| JP2001264167A (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2001-09-26 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical spectrum analyzer |
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| JP2004045975A (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-02-12 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Fiber grating type filter package |
| CN2811964Y (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-08-30 | 南开大学 | Readable force application member for stressed long-period optical fiber grating |
| CN102157889A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-08-17 | 山东大学 | Fiber optical laser of L waveband with wavelength tunable |
| CN105842778A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-08-10 | 纳米及先进材料研发院有限公司 | Long-period grating device and tunable gain flattening filter having same |
-
2020
- 2020-08-17 CN CN202010824765.2A patent/CN112033539B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08101310A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-16 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Reflection type fiber grating filter |
| US6058226A (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2000-05-02 | D-Star Technologies Llc | Optical fiber sensors, tunable filters and modulators using long-period gratings |
| CN1334920A (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2002-02-06 | 塞德拉公司 | Bragg grating pressure sensor |
| JP2001264167A (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2001-09-26 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical spectrum analyzer |
| KR20010074560A (en) * | 2001-05-04 | 2001-08-04 | 송재원 | Tunable gain-flattening filter using microbending long-period fiber grating |
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| CN2811964Y (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-08-30 | 南开大学 | Readable force application member for stressed long-period optical fiber grating |
| CN102157889A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-08-17 | 山东大学 | Fiber optical laser of L waveband with wavelength tunable |
| CN105842778A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-08-10 | 纳米及先进材料研发院有限公司 | Long-period grating device and tunable gain flattening filter having same |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113237498A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-10 | 华北水利水电大学 | Optical displacement sensing system based on planar variable-period transmission grating |
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Application publication date: 20201204 Assignee: Guilin Donghe Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUILIN University OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2023980044662 Denomination of invention: A Novel Transmission Fiber Bragg Grating Spectrometer Granted publication date: 20230110 License type: Common License Record date: 20231031 |