CN112033035B - Liquid spraying control method of refrigerating system and condensing unit - Google Patents

Liquid spraying control method of refrigerating system and condensing unit Download PDF

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CN112033035B
CN112033035B CN202010948630.7A CN202010948630A CN112033035B CN 112033035 B CN112033035 B CN 112033035B CN 202010948630 A CN202010948630 A CN 202010948630A CN 112033035 B CN112033035 B CN 112033035B
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pressure ratio
suction
value
superheat degree
control method
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CN112033035A (en
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黎华斌
卫广穹
姚亚明
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/06Damage

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid spraying control method of a refrigerating system and a condensing unit, wherein the liquid spraying control method comprises the following steps: the environment temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the suction superheat degree are respectively graded, and the environment temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the suction superheat degree are classified into a high ring temperature grade, a middle ring temperature grade and a low ring temperature grade according to the value of the detected environment temperature; dividing the system into a high pressure ratio, a medium pressure ratio and a low pressure ratio according to the value of the system operation pressure ratio; according to the value of the suction superheat degree, the suction superheat degree is divided into a suction high grade, a suction middle grade and a suction low grade; when the sum of the environmental temperature, the system running pressure ratio and the gear of the suction superheat degree is larger than a first preset value, the liquid spraying switch valve is started, the liquid spraying switch valve is stopped when a second preset value is reached, and the opening degree of the throttling device is controlled according to the exhaust superheat degree and a PID algorithm. Compared with the prior art, the invention can improve the stability of the system operation pressure and the reliability of the compressor.

Description

Liquid spraying control method of refrigerating system and condensing unit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of refrigeration system control, in particular to a liquid spraying control method and a condensing unit.
Background
The condensing unit is widely used in various cold storages as a refrigerating device for providing a cold source, the cold storages operate all the year round and have low temperature, so the condensing unit is often required to operate under the working conditions of high pressure ratio and high temperature of an outer ring, in summer, when the weather is hot, the exhaust temperature of the unit operation is very high, if the condensing unit is not provided with a liquid spraying system, the unit is likely to be shut down due to the overhigh exhaust temperature, so the liquid spraying system is adopted for enabling the unit to normally operate under the working conditions of high pressure ratio and high temperature, the existing liquid spraying system generally adopts an electromagnetic valve control mode, the switch of the electromagnetic valve is controlled to carry out the start-stop control of liquid spraying by setting two switch values, however, the adjustment mode can cause the frequent and obvious fluctuation of the system pressure to further cause the load change of a compressor, and the stable operation of the refrigerating system is influenced, easily causing damage to the compressor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a liquid spraying control method and a condensing unit, and solves the technical problem of poor stability of a refrigerating system caused by frequent fluctuation of system pressure of the condensing unit during liquid spraying in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a liquid spray control method of a refrigeration system, the refrigeration system including a liquid spray switching valve and a throttling device, the liquid spray control method comprising: switching the on-off of the liquid spraying switch valve according to the values of the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the suction superheat degree; and the opening degree of the throttling device is adjusted according to the actual exhaust superheat degree and the preset exhaust superheat degree.
And further, the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the air suction superheat degree are graded according to the values of the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the air suction superheat degree, and when the sum of the gears of the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the air suction superheat degree is larger than a first preset value, the liquid spraying switch valve is started.
Further, when the sum of the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the gear of the suction superheat degree reaches a second preset value, the liquid spraying switch valve is stopped.
And further, dividing the percentage according to the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the gear of the suction superheat degree, wherein the first preset value and the second preset value are both 60%.
Further, when the value of the environment temperature is between 45 ℃ and 50 ℃, determining that the environment temperature is in an environment temperature high range; when the value of the environmental temperature is between 40 ℃ and 44 ℃, judging that the environmental temperature is the ring temperature middle grade; and when the value of the environmental temperature is between 30 ℃ and 39 ℃, judging that the environmental temperature is the low grade of the environmental temperature.
Further, percentage division is performed according to the gear of the environment temperature, the high-grade ring temperature is 30%, the medium-grade ring temperature is 20%, and the low-grade ring temperature is 10%.
Further, when the value of the system operation pressure ratio is between 38 and 45, it is determined that the system operation pressure ratio is a pressure ratio high stage; when the value of the system operation pressure ratio is between 30 and 37, determining that the system operation pressure ratio is a pressure ratio middle gear; and when the value of the system operation pressure ratio is between 20 and 29, determining that the system operation pressure ratio is a low-pressure-ratio gear.
Further, percentage division is carried out according to gears of the system operation pressure ratio, wherein the pressure ratio high gear is 50%, the pressure ratio middle gear is 30%, and the pressure ratio low gear is 10%.
Further, when the value of the suction superheat degree is more than 20 ℃, the suction superheat degree is judged to be a suction high-grade; when the value of the suction superheat degree is between 15 ℃ and 20 ℃, determining that the suction superheat degree is a suction middle gear; and when the value of the suction superheat degree is between 10 ℃ and 14 ℃, judging that the suction superheat degree is a suction low grade.
Further, percentage division is performed according to the gear of the suction superheat degree, wherein the suction high gear is 30%, the suction medium gear is 20%, and the suction low gear is 10%.
Further, the exhaust superheat degree detected by the system is detected, a deviation value of the detected exhaust superheat degree and a preset superheat degree is calculated, the deviation value is calculated through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) increment algorithm to obtain the opening degree increment of the throttling device, and the opening degree of the throttling device is controlled according to the opening degree increment.
The condensing unit comprises the liquid spraying control method of the refrigerating system.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that various parameters causing overhigh exhaust temperature of the compressor are comprehensively analyzed by considering various parameters during system operation, and the start and stop of the liquid spraying switch valve are switched according to the values of the environment temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the suction superheat degree, so that frequent liquid spraying can be avoided; and the opening degree of the throttling device is adjusted according to the comparison between the exhaust superheat degree and the preset exhaust superheat degree, so that stable liquid injection can be maintained to ensure the stable operation of the system, and the stability of the system operation pressure and the reliability of the compressor are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a refrigeration system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a liquid spraying control method of a refrigerating system, as shown in figure 1, the refrigerating system mainly comprises a condenser 1 and an air cooler 2, a liquid reservoir 3, a drying filter 4, a liquid supply electromagnetic valve 5, an electronic expansion valve 6 and a liquid supply stop valve 7 are sequentially arranged on a refrigerant outflow path between the condenser 1 and the air cooler 2, and an air suction stop valve 8, an air suction filter 9, a compressor 10 and oil content 11 are sequentially arranged on a refrigerant outflow path between the air cooler and the condenser 1, so that a complete refrigerating system is formed.
And, there is a spray branch 12 between the refrigerant outflow path and the compressor 10, the spray branch 12 takes liquid from the outlet of the condenser 1, enter the compressor suction port or the compressor cavity after the pressure reduction by the throttling set 15, reduce the exhaust temperature by utilizing the latent heat of the throttled liquid refrigerant. The liquid spraying branch 12 is sequentially provided with a filter 13, a liquid spraying switch valve 14 and a throttling device 15, the liquid spraying switch valve 14 controls the opening and closing of the liquid spraying branch 12, and the throttling device 15 is used for adjusting the amount of refrigerant sprayed into the compressor 10.
Preferably, the liquid spraying switch valve 14 in the present application is a solenoid valve, and the throttling device 15 is an electronic expansion valve.
The liquid spraying control method of the refrigeration system provided by the application mainly comprises two aspects of starting and stopping control of the liquid spraying switch valve 14 and opening degree control of the throttling device 15.
In the aspect of controlling the on-off of the liquid spraying switch valve 14, the control method is mainly realized according to various operating parameters during the operation of the refrigeration system, wherein the operating parameters comprise the ambient temperature during the operation of the system, the system operation pressure ratio and the suction superheat degree of a compressor.
Specifically, the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the air suction superheat degree are graded according to values of the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the air suction superheat degree, and when the sum of the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the air suction superheat degree is larger than a first preset value, the liquid spraying switch valve 14 is controlled to be started; and when the sum of the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the shift of the suction superheat reaches a second preset value, the liquid injection switch valve 14 is stopped. By considering various parameter values during system operation, various parameters causing overhigh exhaust temperature of the compressor are comprehensively analyzed, the occurrence of false opening of the liquid spraying switch valve 14 is greatly reduced, the start and stop of the liquid spraying branch 12 are accurately controlled, and frequent liquid spraying of the liquid spraying branch 12 is avoided.
Further, the grading of the environmental temperature is divided based on the range where the current temperature value is located, such as: dividing the ambient temperature value influencing the exhaust temperature of the compressor into three gears, and when the ambient temperature value is between 45 ℃ and 50 ℃, the ambient temperature has the greatest influence on the exhaust temperature of the compressor 10, so that the ambient temperature in the interval is defined as the high-grade environment temperature; when the value of the ambient temperature is between 40 ℃ and 44 ℃, the ambient temperature has a large influence on the exhaust temperature of the compressor 10, and therefore the ambient temperature in this interval is defined as the middle level of the ring temperature; when the value of the ambient temperature is between 30 ℃ and 39 ℃, the ambient temperature has a small influence on the discharge temperature of the compressor 10, and therefore, the low range of the ring temperature is defined when the ambient temperature is in this range.
After the ambient temperature is rated, the gear of the ambient temperature is divided into percentage, wherein the high gear of the ambient temperature is divided into 30%, the middle gear of the ambient temperature is divided into 20%, and the low gear of the ambient temperature is divided into 10%.
Further, the grading of the system operation pressure ratio is based on the range of the value of the operation pressure ratio, namely when the operation pressure ratio is between 38 and 45, and the influence of the operation pressure ratio on the exhaust temperature of the compressor is the largest, the system operation pressure ratio is judged to be a high pressure ratio; when the value of the system operation pressure ratio is between 30 and 37, the operation pressure ratio has larger influence on the exhaust temperature of the compressor, and the system operation pressure ratio is judged to be a pressure ratio middle gear; when the value of the system operation pressure ratio is between 20 and 29, the operation pressure ratio has less influence on the compressor discharge temperature, and therefore the system operation pressure ratio is judged to be a low-grade pressure ratio.
After the system operation pressure ratio is shifted, percentage division is performed according to the shift of the system operation pressure ratio, wherein the pressure ratio high gear is divided into 50%, the pressure ratio middle gear is divided into 30%, and the pressure ratio low gear is divided into 10%.
Furthermore, the classification of the suction superheat degree of the compressor is realized based on the range of the value of the suction superheat degree, and when the value of the suction superheat degree is more than 20 ℃, the suction superheat degree is judged to be a suction high-grade; when the value of the suction superheat degree is between 15 ℃ and 20 ℃, judging that the suction superheat degree is a suction middle gear; and when the value of the suction superheat degree is between 10 ℃ and 14 ℃, judging that the suction superheat degree is a suction low grade.
After the suction superheat degree is set to a fixed level, percentage division is performed according to the level of the suction superheat degree, wherein the suction high level is divided into 30%, the suction middle level is divided into 20%, and the suction low level is divided into 10%.
After grading the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the air suction superheat degree, comprehensively considering the actual influence of each parameter on the exhaust temperature, superposing the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the air suction superheat degree, and controlling the liquid spray switch valve 14 to start when the sum of the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the air suction superheat degree is greater than a first preset value; and when the sum of the ambient temperature, the system operation pressure ratio, and the shift of the suction superheat reaches a second preset value, the liquid ejection switching valve 14 is stopped, and the first preset value and the second preset value in this embodiment are set to the same value, which is 60%.
For example, the ambient temperature is 42 ℃, the operation pressure ratio is 31, the suction superheat is 10 ℃, that is, the ambient temperature is the middle (20%) of the ring temperature, the operation pressure ratio is the middle (30%) of the pressure ratio, and the suction superheat is the low (10%) of the suction, so that the sum of the three gears is 60%, and the sum reaches the second preset value, and then the spray switch valve 14 is controlled to open the spray; if the three are more than 60%, the operation of the liquid ejection switch valve 14 is stopped.
Of course, the embodiment divides each gear by percentage, so that the gear is more convenient to observe, and the influence of each condition parameter on the exhaust temperature of the compressor is more visual; in other embodiments, the value may be assigned to each gear based on the influence of each gear on the exhaust temperature of the compressor, and the first preset value and the second preset value may also be set as two characteristic values.
Further, in other embodiments, the first preset value and the second preset value may be two different values, that is, the second preset value is smaller than the first preset value, and if the sum of the parameter values falls and a buffer interval is set between the first preset value and the second preset value, the liquid spraying switching valve 14 may maintain the previous state.
In the aspect of controlling the opening degree of the throttling device 15, the throttling device 15 is controlled by directly detecting the exhaust superheat degree of the compressor; taking the throttle device 15 as an electronic expansion valve as an example, specifically, the difference e between the actual exhaust superheat degree and the preset superheat degree is calculatedKAnd e is combinedKIs led into the following formula,
Figure 473767DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein, K ispIs a proportionality coefficient, TiTo integrate the time constant, TdIs the differential time constant, T is the sampling period; calculating the opening increment of the throttling device 15 by combining a PID algorithm, and calculating the calculated delta uKIf the value of (d) is greater than 0, the number of steps, Deltau, of the throttle device 15 is increasedKIf the value of (d) is less than 0, the number of steps of the throttle device 15 is reduced.
The exhaust superheat degree is a temperature value of the condensation temperature converted by the high-pressure sensor and the detected exhaust temperature, and the difference between the detected exhaust temperature and the condensation temperature is calculated to obtain the actual exhaust superheat degree.
The exhaust superheat degree is combined with PID negative feedback control, so that the opening degree of the throttling device 15 is adjusted, the exhaust superheat degree can be stabilized at a target value, a liquid spraying system can continuously spray a refrigerant into a compressor at the time, the exhaust temperature is maintained at a relatively stable temperature during liquid spraying because the liquid spraying system continuously sprays liquid, the system pressure is influenced by an electronic expansion valve, fluctuation occurs when the step number is just adjusted, and the operation pressure tends to be stable after the electronic expansion valve is adjusted stably.
The link temperature, the intake superheat and the operating pressure ratio can be detected by sensors, including an exhaust bulb 16, an intake bulb 17, an ambient bulb 18, a high pressure sensor 19, a low pressure sensor 20, and the like.
Through the mode, the liquid spraying condition can be avoided frequently, and by the adoption of the multi-parameter combination control method, liquid spraying action can be accurately carried out, stable liquid spraying can be maintained, stable operation of a system is guaranteed, and stability of system operation pressure and reliability of a compressor are improved.
The application also provides a condensing unit, and the liquid spraying control method of the refrigerating system provided by the application is applied to the condensing unit.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A liquid spray control method of a refrigeration system, the refrigeration system comprises a liquid spray branch for communicating a condenser to a compressor, and a liquid spray switch valve and a throttling device which are arranged on the liquid spray branch, and the liquid spray control method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that the environment temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the suction superheat degree are graded according to values of the environment temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the suction superheat degree, when the sum of gears of the environment temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the suction superheat degree is larger than a first preset value, a liquid spraying switch valve is started to take liquid from a condenser and supplement the liquid to a compressor, and when the sum of gears of the environment temperature, the system operation pressure ratio and the suction superheat degree reaches a second preset value, the liquid spraying switch valve is stopped; and the opening degree of the throttling device is adjusted according to the actual exhaust superheat degree and the preset exhaust superheat degree.
2. The spray control method of claim 1, wherein the first and second preset values are 60% by percentage division according to the ambient temperature, the system operating pressure ratio and the suction superheat level.
3. The spray control method of a refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein when the ambient temperature has a value between 45 ℃ and 50 ℃, it is determined that the ambient temperature is in an upper range of the ring temperature; when the value of the environmental temperature is between 40 ℃ and 44 ℃, judging that the environmental temperature is the ring temperature middle grade; and when the value of the environmental temperature is between 30 ℃ and 39 ℃, judging that the environmental temperature is the low grade of the environmental temperature.
4. The spray control method of a refrigerating system according to claim 3, wherein the environmental temperature high range is 30%, the environmental temperature medium range is 20%, and the environmental temperature low range is 10% by percentage division according to the shift of the environmental temperature.
5. The spray control method of a refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein when the value of the system operating pressure ratio is between 38 and 45, it is determined that the system operating pressure ratio is a pressure ratio high stage; when the value of the system operation pressure ratio is between 30 and 37, determining that the system operation pressure ratio is a pressure ratio middle gear; and when the value of the system operation pressure ratio is between 20 and 29, determining that the system operation pressure ratio is a low-pressure-ratio gear.
6. The spray control method of claim 5, wherein the percentage division is performed according to the system operation pressure ratio, the pressure ratio is high-grade 50%, the pressure ratio is medium-grade 30%, and the pressure ratio is low-grade 10%.
7. The spray control method of a refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein when the value of the suction superheat is greater than 20 ℃, it is determined that the suction superheat is a suction high range; when the value of the suction superheat degree is between 15 ℃ and 20 ℃, determining that the suction superheat degree is a suction middle gear; and when the value of the suction superheat degree is between 10 ℃ and 14 ℃, judging that the suction superheat degree is a suction low grade.
8. The spray control method of claim 7, wherein the percentage division is performed according to the suction superheat step, the suction high step is 30%, the suction medium step is 20%, and the suction low step is 10%.
9. The hydrojet control method of claim 1, wherein the actual degree of superheat of the system is detected, a deviation value of the detected degree of superheat of the exhaust gas from a preset degree of superheat is calculated, an opening degree increment of the throttling device is calculated by the deviation value through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) increment algorithm, and the opening degree of the throttling device is controlled according to the opening degree increment.
10. A condensing unit comprising a spray control method for a refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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