CN112031804B - Cantilever excavator and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Cantilever excavator and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112031804B CN112031804B CN202011032504.3A CN202011032504A CN112031804B CN 112031804 B CN112031804 B CN 112031804B CN 202011032504 A CN202011032504 A CN 202011032504A CN 112031804 B CN112031804 B CN 112031804B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1086—Drives or transmissions specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1093—Devices for supporting, advancing or orientating the machine or the tool-carrier
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cantilever excavator and a construction method thereof, and solves the problem that the cantilever excavator in the prior art cannot perform variable-diameter excavation. The multi-freedom-degree cantilever type excavating and cutting device comprises an excavating machine body, wherein the front part of the excavating machine body is provided with a multi-freedom-degree cantilever and a slag removing mechanism, the multi-freedom-degree cantilever is positioned above the slag removing mechanism, and the front part of the multi-freedom-degree cantilever is provided with an expanding and excavating cutting device. The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever of the cantilever excavator is matched with the expanding excavation cutting device to carry out multi-degree-of-freedom flexible excavation on the excavation surface, the excavation position and the excavation angle are convenient to adjust, and the excavation precision is guaranteed. The central cutter disc of the expanding excavation cutting device carries out extrusion rock breaking on an excavation surface by using the hobbing cutter to carry out rock breaking on the excavation surface, the suspended cutting hobbing cutter of the telescopic suspended cutting arm carries out rear suspended cutting excavation on the hole wall excavated by using the central cutter disc, the tunnel excavation and expanding excavation one-step forming are completed, and the excavation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling machines, in particular to a cantilever tunneling machine and a construction method thereof.
Background
The cantilever tunneling machine is large tunnel excavation equipment and plays an important role in mountain tunnels and urban subway engineering construction. When the existing cantilever excavator is used for excavation construction, a cantilever excavation structure is tightly attached to a tunnel face, a cantilever swings left and right and up and down, rocks are sequentially cut from one side to the other side, and excavation efficiency is low. And the existing heading machine such as a compound cantilever heading machine with application number of CN201220295118.8 is mainly used for excavating a hard rock stratum with a certain section. The excavation area is not adjustable, and the suitability is not good and then influences excavation efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a cantilever excavator and a construction method thereof, and solves the problem that the cantilever excavator in the prior art cannot perform variable-diameter excavation.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the cantilever heading machine comprises a heading machine body, wherein a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever and a slag removal mechanism are arranged at the front part of the heading machine body, the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever is positioned above the slag removal mechanism, and an expanding excavation cutting device is arranged at the front part of the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever.
The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever comprises a rotary support, the rotary support is rotatably arranged on the heading machine body, a hinged seat is arranged on the rotary support, a swing arm is arranged on the hinged seat, one end of the swing arm is hinged to the hinged seat, the other end of the swing arm is provided with a reaming and cutting device, and the swing arm is connected with the hinged seat through a swing oil cylinder.
The front end of swing arm is equipped with flexible arm, and flexible arm is connected with the swing arm through flexible control cylinder, expands to dig cutting device and fixes on flexible arm.
The expanding excavation cutting device comprises a supporting plate, a central excavation mechanism and a cantilever type excavation mechanism, the supporting plate is connected with a main drive, the main drive drives the supporting plate to rotate, the central excavation mechanism is arranged at the center of the supporting plate, the cantilever type excavation mechanism is arranged at the outer edge of the supporting plate, and the umbrella type folding mechanism is formed by the cantilever type excavation mechanism and the central excavation mechanism.
The center excavation mechanism comprises a connecting shaft and a center cutter disc, one end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the supporting disc, the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the center cutter disc, an excavation cutter is arranged on the center cutter disc, and the diameter of the center cutter disc is not smaller than that of the supporting disc.
The center cutter disc is frustum-shaped, the excavating cutters are arranged on the front end face and the conical side face of the frustum-shaped cutter disc, the center cutter disc is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft through the connecting flange, and the cantilever type excavating mechanism and the connecting flange can be opened and closed.
The cantilever type excavation mechanism comprises at least two telescopic suspension cutting arms, the telescopic suspension cutting arms are hinged on the supporting plate at equal angles and are connected with the central excavation mechanism through the driving oil cylinder.
The telescopic suspension cutting arm comprises a fixed outer arm, a telescopic inner arm and a suspension cutting hob, the telescopic inner arm is sleeved in the fixed outer arm and is in sliding connection with the fixed outer arm through a telescopic oil cylinder, a rotary cutter disc is arranged at the outer end of the telescopic inner arm, and the suspension cutting hob is axially arranged on the rotary cutter disc.
The outer wall of the fixed outer arm is provided with a connecting lug seat, one end of the driving oil cylinder is hinged with the connecting lug seat, and the other end of the driving oil cylinder is hinged with a connecting flange of the central excavation mechanism.
The rotary cutter head comprises a fixed part and a rotating part, a bearing structure is arranged between the rotating part and the fixed part, the fixed part is fixedly connected with the telescopic inner arm, and the suspended cutting hob is fixed on the rotating part.
The lower part of the development machine body is provided with a crawler-type travelling mechanism, the rear part of the development machine body is provided with a conveyor, and the conveyor corresponds to the slag removal mechanism.
A construction method of the cantilever excavator comprises the following steps:
s1: adjusting the position of the cantilever tunneling machine to enable the cantilever tunneling machine to be at a proper distance from the tunnel face, and completely retracting a telescopic suspension cutting arm of the expanding cutting device to the rear part of the central cutterhead;
s2: the telescopic control oil cylinder drives the telescopic arm and the expanding and excavating cutting device to tunnel along the face of the tunnel until a central cutter head of the expanding and excavating cutting device completely tunnels into the face of the tunnel;
s3: the telescopic suspension cutting arm is unfolded under the control of the driving oil cylinder and the telescopic oil cylinder, and the hole wall excavated by the central cutter disc is expanded and excavated;
s4: then the position of the telescopic arm is adjusted through the telescopic control oil cylinder and the swing oil cylinder, so that the expanding and excavating cutting device excavates the next station;
s5: in steps S2-S4, the slag removing mechanism collects rocks and slag soil formed in the rock breaking process, and the rocks and slag soil are discharged by the conveyor to finish slag discharging.
The specific steps of step S3 are as follows: s3.1: the cantilever type excavation mechanism comprises four telescopic suspended cutting arms which are opened relative to the central cutter head under the action of the driving oil cylinder;
s3.2: the telescopic suspension cutting arms extend outwards under the control of the telescopic oil cylinder, and the extending lengths of the four telescopic suspension cutting arms are increased one by one along the rotating direction to complete the length adjustment of the telescopic suspension cutting arms and the outward expansion of the relative central cutter head;
s3.3: under the action of a main drive, a suspended cutting hob on a telescopic suspended cutting arm with the shortest extension length performs suspended cutting and digging on a free face formed on a tunnel face to form a first digging free face; simultaneously, the suspended cutting hobs on the adjacent telescopic suspended cutting arms perform suspended cutting and digging on the first digging free face to form a second digging free face, and according to the digging mode, the four telescopic suspended cutting arms perform layer-by-layer digging of four layers of free faces simultaneously;
s3.4: and (5) repeating the step (S3.3), wherein the overhanging hob on the outward-unfolded telescopic overhanging cutting arm carries out overhanging cutting and expanding excavation on the hole wall excavated by the central cutter head.
The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever of the cantilever excavator is matched with the expanding excavation cutting device to carry out multi-degree-of-freedom flexible excavation on the excavation surface, the excavation position and the excavation angle are convenient to adjust, and the excavation precision is guaranteed. The central cutter disc of the expanding excavation cutting device carries out extrusion rock breaking on an excavation surface by using the hobbing cutter to carry out rock breaking on the excavation surface, the suspended cutting hobbing cutter of the telescopic suspended cutting arm carries out rear suspended cutting excavation on the hole wall excavated by using the central cutter disc, the tunnel excavation and expanding excavation one-step forming are completed, and the excavation efficiency is improved. By adjusting the expansion angle and the extension length of the retractable suspension cutting arm, the tunnel wall can be expanded and excavated in real time, the excavation of tunnels with various special-shaped sections can be met, the excavation flexibility and the applicability are higher, and the popularization value is higher.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the reaming and cutting device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a telescopic cantilever cutting arm structure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the telescopic cantilever cutting arm.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the telescopic cantilever cutting arm in a retracted tunneling state.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the telescopic cantilever cutting arm in a spreading tunneling state.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in embodiment 1, a cantilever excavator comprises an excavator body 3, the front portion of the excavator body 3 is provided with a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever 6 and a slag removal mechanism 7, and the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever 6 has the functions of rotation, extension and swing, so that flexible excavation of the expanding excavation cutting device 1 is realized. The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever 6 is positioned above the slag removing mechanism 7, and the slag removing mechanism can adopt the existing slag removing device and is used for collecting the slag stones excavated by the expanding and excavating cutting device 1. The front part of the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever 6 is provided with the expanding and excavating cutting device 1, and the expanding and excavating cutting device 1 moves synchronously along with the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever 6 and is used for excavating a tunnel face. The lower part of the development machine body 3 is provided with a crawler type travelling mechanism 5, and the crawler type travelling mechanism 5 is a crawler type travelling device and drives the development machine body to move integrally. The rear part of the development machine body 3 is provided with a conveyor 4, and the conveyor 4 corresponds to the slag removing mechanism 7 and is used for transporting the slag collected by the slag removing mechanism backwards.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever 6 includes a rotation support 601, the rotation support 601 is rotatably disposed on the heading machine body 3, the rotation support can rotate relative to the heading machine body 1, the rotation support adopts an existing rotation mechanism, and then the rotation support is driven by a driving motor to rotate relative to the heading machine body, so that the rotation of the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever is realized. The rotary support 601 is provided with a hinged base 602, the hinged base 602 is provided with a swing arm 603, one end of the swing arm 603 is hinged to the hinged base 602, the other end of the swing arm 603 is provided with the expanding and digging cutting device 1, the swing arm 603 is connected with the hinged base 602 through a swing oil cylinder 604, and under the action of the swing oil cylinder, the swing arm drives the expanding and digging cutting device 1 to swing left and right, so that flexible digging of the expanding and digging cutting device 1 is realized. Preferably, the front end of the swing arm 603 is provided with a telescopic arm 605, the telescopic arm can be extended and retracted to change the overall length of the arm, the telescopic arm 605 is connected with the swing arm 603 through a telescopic control oil cylinder 606, and the expanding and excavating cutting device 1 is fixed on the telescopic arm 605. The front and back movement of the expanding, digging and cutting device 1 is realized through the expansion of the telescopic arm.
As shown in fig. 3, in embodiment 2, the expanding excavation cutting device 1 includes a supporting disk 107, a central excavation mechanism and a cantilever excavation mechanism, the supporting disk 107 is connected to the main drive 2, the main drive 2 drives the supporting disk 107 to rotate, the central excavation mechanism is disposed at the center of the supporting disk 107, the cantilever excavation mechanism is disposed at the outer edge of the supporting disk 107, the central excavation mechanism is located in the middle of the cantilever excavation mechanism to form an umbrella-shaped structure, and the cantilever excavation mechanism can open, close and stretch relative to the central excavation mechanism for excavating a tunnel with a special-shaped section.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the central excavation mechanism includes connecting shaft 104 and central cutter disc 102, connecting shaft 104 sets up along the 5 axial of host computer structure, the one end and the supporting disk 107 fixed connection of connecting shaft 104, the other end is connected with central cutter disc 102, realize the synchronous rotations of central cutter disc and supporting disk, be equipped with excavation cutter 101 on the central cutter disc 102, the excavation cutter can adopt current hobbing cutter, the diameter of central cutter disc 102 is not less than the diameter of supporting disk 107, when realizing that cantilever type excavation mechanism is in the receipts state, can receive in central cutter disc rear portion completely, in order not to influence the normal tunnelling of central cutter disc 102.
Preferably, the central cutter head 102 is a frustum-shaped cutter head, i.e., a frustum with a large front and a small rear, so that the embedding force of the central cutter head in the excavation process is improved, and the excavation efficiency is improved. The excavation cutters 101 are uniformly distributed on the front end surface and the conical side surface of the frustum-shaped cutter head. The central cutterhead 102 is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft 104 through the connecting flange 103, and the cantilever type excavating mechanism and the connecting flange 103 can be arranged in an opening and closing mode, namely the cantilever type excavating mechanism can be unfolded and folded relative to the connecting shaft 104 of the central cutterhead 102, and the folding mode is the same as that of an umbrella-shaped structure. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
As shown in fig. 5, in embodiment 3, the cantilever type excavating mechanism includes two or four telescopic suspended cutting arms 106, the telescopic suspended cutting arms 106 are hinged on a supporting plate 107 at equal angles, and are connected with the central excavating mechanism through a driving oil cylinder 105, and under the action of the driving oil cylinder, the telescopic suspended cutting arms 106 can swing relative to the hinged point of the supporting plate, so as to realize whether the telescopic suspended cutting arms are opened or not.
Further, flexible cutting arm 106 includes fixed outer arm 1061, flexible inner arm 1062 and cuts hobbing cutter 1063 in the suspension, and fixed outer arm articulates on the supporting disk, and flexible inner arm 1062 cover is established in fixed outer arm 1061, and through flexible hydro-cylinder 1065 and fixed outer arm 1061 sliding connection, fixed outer arm 1061 is hollow structure, and flexible hydro-cylinder 1065 is built-in fixed outer arm, and one end is articulated with fixed outer arm, and the other end is articulated with flexible inner arm, and under the effect of flexible hydro-cylinder, flexible inner arm can the relative fixed outer arm flexible, realizes the regulation of flexible cutting arm overall length. A rotary cutter disc 1064 is arranged at the outer end of the telescopic inner arm 1062, that is, the rotary cutter disc 1064 comprises a fixed part 64-1 and a rotating part 64-2, a bearing structure 64-3 is arranged between the rotating part and the fixed part, the fixed part 64-1 is fixedly connected with the telescopic inner arm 1062, and the suspended cutting hob 1063 is fixed on the rotating part 64-2. Namely, the overhang hob 1063 is axially arranged on the rotary cutter 1064, and the overhang hob is stressed in the tunneling process, so that the rotary cutter can passively rotate. The outer wall of the fixed outer arm 1061 is provided with a connecting lug seat 1066, one end of the driving oil cylinder 105 is hinged with the connecting lug seat 1066, and the other end is hinged with the connecting flange 103 of the central excavation mechanism. Under the effect of drive cylinder, fixed outer arm drives flexible inner arm, rotary cutter and coils the pin joint swing with the supporting disk. The other structure is the same as embodiment 2.
Example 4: as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a construction method of the boom roadheader according to embodiment 3 includes the following steps:
s1: adjusting the position of the cantilever tunneling machine to enable the cantilever tunneling machine to be at a proper distance from the tunnel face, and completely retracting the telescopic suspension cutting arm 106 of the expanding cutting device 1 to the rear part of the central cutterhead 102; at the moment, the diameter of the folded telescopic suspended cutting arm is not more than the maximum cutter diameter of the central cutter,
s2: the telescopic control oil cylinder 606 drives the telescopic arm 605 and the expanding and excavating cutting device 1 to tunnel along the face of the tunnel until the central cutter head 102 of the expanding and excavating cutting device 1 is completely excavated into the face of the tunnel; namely, the main drive 2 drives the combined type excavating device 1 to excavate along the excavation face through the supporting disc 107, and the central cutter head 102 performs extrusion rock breaking excavation on the excavation face until the central cutter head 102 is completely excavated into the tunnel.
S3: the telescopic suspension cutting arm 106 is unfolded under the control of the driving oil cylinder 105 and the telescopic oil cylinder 1065, and the hole wall excavated by the central cutter disc 102 is expanded and excavated. According to the requirement, the telescopic suspended cutting arm 106 is opened relative to the central cutter disc 102 under the action of the driving oil cylinder 105, and the telescopic suspended cutting arm 106 extends outwards under the control of the telescopic oil cylinder 1065, so that the telescopic suspended cutting arm 106 is unfolded outwards relative to the central cutter disc 102, and the unfolding angle and the extending length of the telescopic suspended cutting arm 106 are adjusted timely according to the requirement; the overhanging cutter 1063 on the outward-unfolded telescopic overhanging cutting arm 106 performs expanding excavation on the hole wall excavated by the central cutter 102, and the overhanging cutter 1063 performs overhanging cutting excavation on the hole wall contact surface, so that the tunnel excavation and expanding excavation are completed by one-step forming, and the excavation efficiency is improved. In the tunneling process, the expansion angle and the extension length of the telescopic suspension cutting arm 106 are adjusted through the driving oil cylinder 105 and the telescopic oil cylinder 1065 according to design requirements, corresponding expanding excavation is performed on the tunnel wall, further excavation of the special-shaped section tunnel is achieved, the applicability and the flexibility are high, and real-time adjustment can be achieved.
The specific steps of step S3 are as follows: s3.1: the cantilever type excavating mechanism comprises four telescopic suspended cutting arms 106, and the four telescopic suspended cutting arms 106 are opened relative to the central cutterhead 102 under the action of a driving oil cylinder 105; the unfolding angle and the extending length of the device can be adjusted in time according to the needs;
s3.2: the telescopic suspension cutting arms 106 extend outwards under the control of the telescopic oil cylinder 1065, the extending lengths of the four telescopic suspension cutting arms 106 are sequentially increased one by one along the rotating direction, the difference value of the extending amounts of the two adjacent telescopic suspension cutting arms is the suspension cutting thickness, and after the extending amount is adjusted, the length adjustment of the telescopic suspension cutting arms 106 and the outward expansion of the corresponding central cutter head 102 are completed;
s3.3: under the action of the main drive, a suspended cutting hob 1063 on the telescopic suspended cutting arm 106 (set as a 0-degree telescopic suspended cutting arm) with the shortest extension length performs suspended cutting on an open face formed on the tunnel face to form a first excavation open face; meanwhile, the suspended cutting hob 1063 on the adjacent telescopic suspended cutting arm 106 (i.e. the 90-degree telescopic suspended cutting arm) performs suspended cutting on the first excavation free surface to form a second excavation free surface; then, a suspended cutting hob 1063 on the 180-degree telescopic suspended cutting arm performs suspended cutting on the second excavation free surface to form a third excavation free surface; and then, a suspended cutting hob 1063 on the 270-degree telescopic suspended cutting arm performs suspended cutting on the third excavated face to form a fourth excavated face, so that four-layer expanded excavation of one excavation section is completed as above, and the excavation efficiency is improved. According to the excavation mode, N layers of free surfaces can be excavated layer by selecting N telescopic suspended cutting arms 106.
S3.4: and repeating the step S3.3, and carrying out the suspended cutting and expanding excavation on the hole wall excavated by the central cutter disc 102 by the suspended cutting hob 1063 on the outwards unfolded telescopic suspended cutting arm 106.
S4: after the expansion excavation of the hole wall by the telescopic suspension cutting arm 106 is finished, the telescopic suspension cutting arm 106 is folded to the rear part of the central cutter head 102 by the driving oil cylinder 105 and the telescopic oil cylinder 1065, and then the position of the telescopic arm 605 is adjusted by the telescopic control oil cylinder 606 and the swing oil cylinder 604, so that the expansion excavation cutting device 1 excavates the next station;
s5: in steps S2 to S4, the slag removal mechanism 7 collects rocks and slag formed during the rock breaking process, and discharges the rocks and slag by the conveyor 4 to complete slag removal.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a cantilever entry driving machine, includes entry driving machine body (3), its characterized in that: the front part of the development machine body (3) is provided with a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever (6) and a slag removal mechanism (7), the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever (6) is positioned above the slag removal mechanism (7), and the front part of the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever (6) is provided with an expanding excavation cutting device (1); the expanding excavation cutting device (1) comprises a supporting plate (107), a central excavation mechanism and a cantilever type excavation mechanism, wherein the supporting plate (107) is connected with a main drive (2), the main drive (2) drives the supporting plate (107) to rotate, the central excavation mechanism is arranged at the center of the supporting plate (107), the cantilever type excavation mechanism is arranged at the outer edge of the supporting plate (107), and the cantilever type excavation mechanism and the central excavation mechanism form an umbrella type folding mechanism;
the cantilever type excavating mechanism comprises at least two telescopic suspended cutting arms (106), the telescopic suspended cutting arms (106) are hinged on a supporting plate (107) and are connected with the central excavating mechanism through a driving oil cylinder (105); under the action of the driving oil cylinder (105), the telescopic suspended cutting arm (106) can swing relative to a hinged point of the supporting plate, and the telescopic suspended cutting arm is opened and closed.
2. The boom miner of claim 1 wherein: the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever (6) comprises a rotary support (601), the rotary support (601) is rotatably arranged on the heading machine body (3), a hinged seat (602) is arranged on the rotary support (601), a swing arm (603) is arranged on the hinged seat (602), one end of the swing arm (603) is hinged to the hinged seat (602), the other end of the swing arm (603) is provided with a reaming and excavating cutting device (1), and the swing arm (603) is connected with the hinged seat (602) through a swing oil cylinder (604).
3. The boom miner of claim 2 wherein: the front end of the swing arm (603) is provided with a telescopic arm (605), the telescopic arm (605) is connected with the swing arm (603) through a telescopic control oil cylinder (606), and the expanding and excavating cutting device (1) is fixed on the telescopic arm (605).
4. The cantilever excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the central excavation mechanism comprises a connecting shaft (104) and a central cutter head (102), one end of the connecting shaft (104) is fixedly connected with a supporting disc (107), the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the central cutter head (102), an excavation cutter (101) is arranged on the central cutter head (102), and the diameter of the central cutter head (102) is not smaller than that of the supporting disc (107).
5. The boom miner of claim 4 wherein: center blade disc (102) are frustum type blade disc, excavate cutter (101) and set up on the preceding terminal surface and the tapered side of frustum type blade disc, center blade disc (102) pass through flange (103) and connecting axle (104) fixed connection, cantilever type excavation mechanism and flange (103) setting of can opening and shutting.
6. The boom miner of claim 1 or 5 wherein: the telescopic suspended cutting arm (106) comprises a fixed outer arm (1061), a telescopic inner arm (1062) and a suspended cutting hob (1063), the telescopic inner arm (1062) is sleeved in the fixed outer arm (1061), and is in sliding connection with the fixed outer arm (1061) through a telescopic oil cylinder (1065), a rotary cutter disc (1064) is arranged at the outer end of the telescopic inner arm (1062), and the suspended cutting hob (1063) is axially arranged on the rotary cutter disc (1064).
7. The boom miner of claim 6 wherein: the outer wall of the fixed outer arm (1061) is provided with a connecting lug seat (1066), one end of the driving oil cylinder (105) is hinged with the connecting lug seat (1066), and the other end of the driving oil cylinder is hinged with a connecting flange (103) of the central excavation mechanism.
8. The boom miner of claim 7 wherein: the rotary cutter head (1064) comprises a fixed part (64-1) and a rotating part (64-2), a bearing structure (64-3) is arranged between the rotating part and the fixed part, the fixed part (64-1) is fixedly connected with the telescopic inner arm (1062), and the suspended cutting hob (1063) is fixed on the rotating part (64-2).
9. The boom miner of claim 1 or 5 or 8 wherein: the crawler-type traveling mechanism (5) is arranged on the lower portion of the heading machine body (3), the conveyor (4) is arranged on the rear portion of the heading machine body (3), and the conveyor (4) corresponds to the slag removing mechanism (7).
10. A construction method of the cantilever excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: adjusting the position of the cantilever tunneling machine to enable the cantilever tunneling machine to be at a proper distance from the tunnel face, and completely retracting a telescopic suspended cutting arm (106) of the expanding cutting device (1) to the rear part of a central cutter head (102) of the expanding cutting device (1);
s2: the telescopic control oil cylinder (606) of the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever (6) drives the telescopic arm (605) of the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever (6) and the expanding and excavating cutting device (1) to tunnel along the face until the central cutter head (102) of the expanding and excavating cutting device (1) completely tunnels into the face;
s3: the telescopic suspension cutting arm (106) is unfolded under the control of a driving oil cylinder (105) and a telescopic oil cylinder (1065) of the telescopic suspension cutting arm (106), and the hole wall excavated by the central cutter head (102) is expanded and excavated;
s4: then the position of a telescopic arm (605) is adjusted through a telescopic control oil cylinder (606) and a swing oil cylinder (604) of the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever (6), so that the expanding excavation cutting device (1) excavates the next station;
s5: in the steps S2-S4, the slag removing mechanism (7) collects rocks and slag soil formed in the rock breaking process, and the rocks and slag soil are discharged by the conveyor (4) to complete slag discharging.
11. The construction method of the cantilever excavator according to claim 10, wherein: the specific steps of step S3 are as follows:
s3.1: the cantilever type excavation mechanism comprises four telescopic suspended cutting arms (106), and the four telescopic suspended cutting arms (106) are opened relative to the central cutter head (102) under the action of a driving oil cylinder (105);
s3.2: the telescopic suspended cutting arms (106) extend outwards under the control of the telescopic oil cylinder (1065), and the extending lengths of the four telescopic suspended cutting arms (106) are increased one by one along the rotating direction, so that the length adjustment of the telescopic suspended cutting arms (106) and the outward expansion of the relative central cutter head (102) are completed;
s3.3: under the action of a main drive, a suspended cutting hob (1063) on a telescopic suspended cutting arm (106) with the shortest extension length performs suspended cutting on an open face formed on the tunnel face to form a first excavated open face; meanwhile, the suspended cutting hobs (1063) on the adjacent telescopic suspended cutting arms (106) perform suspended cutting and excavation on the first excavation free surface to form a second excavation free surface, and according to the excavation mode, four telescopic suspended cutting arms (106) perform layer-by-layer excavation on four layers of free surfaces at the same time;
s3.4: and (4) repeating the step (S3.3), wherein the overhanging cutter (1063) on the outward-unfolded telescopic overhanging cutting arm (106) carries out overhanging cutting and expanding excavation on the hole wall excavated by the central cutter head (102).
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