CN112030020A - Method for smelting high-tungsten high-cobalt-nickel alloy through electroslag remelting, high-tungsten high-cobalt-nickel alloy and shaped charge liner - Google Patents
Method for smelting high-tungsten high-cobalt-nickel alloy through electroslag remelting, high-tungsten high-cobalt-nickel alloy and shaped charge liner Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for smelting high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy through electroslag remelting, the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy and a shaped charge liner. The electroslag remelting method for smelting high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy comprises the following steps: melting the raw material of the electroslag remelting slag system, and then smelting an electrode ingot made of the raw material of the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy to obtain the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy; the electroslag remelting slag system comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 39% -44% of CaF2、24%‑28%CaO、14%‑18%Al2O33 to 5 percent of MgO and 5 to 10 percent of SiO2. High tungstenThe high-cobalt nickel alloy is prepared by using the method for smelting the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy through electroslag remelting. The liner comprises the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy as a raw material. The electroslag remelting slag system can effectively reduce the sulfur content of the alloy, improve the purity of the alloy and obtain the high-plasticity alloy with good surface quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for smelting a high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy through electroslag remelting, the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy and a shaped charge liner.
Background
The amount of alloy impurities can have a great influence on the alloy performance. At present, oxygen element in the alloy is controlled by adding a deoxidizer and using a composite deoxidation process in the alloy smelting process. In the smelting process, impurity elements such as oxygen, sulfur and the like are inevitably introduced into smelting equipment (a crucible, a chute, an ingot mold and the like) and a deoxidation process, and the removal effect of the vacuum induction smelting and the vacuum consumable smelting on the impurities is not ideal. The prior smelting process only depends on raw material purification to control the sulfur content in the alloy, and can not meet the requirement of the alloy on the content of impurity elements.
Electroslag remelting is widely used for smelting nickel-based alloys, high-temperature alloys, special steels and the like, and practice proves that the electroslag remelting process can remove impurity elements in the alloys to a certain extent. The key factor influencing the electroslag remelting refining effect is the selection of a smelting slag system. Different alloys generally adopt slag systems with different components and different proportions so as to adapt to the special properties of different alloys and achieve the specific refining purpose. The high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy has the material characteristics of high melting point (1490 ℃ -1510 ℃) and the smelting requirements of low sulfur and low inclusion, and an electroslag remelting slag system and a smelting method aiming at the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy are not reported yet.
In view of this, the present application is specifically made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for smelting high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy through electroslag remelting, the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy and a shaped charge liner, so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for smelting high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy by electroslag remelting comprises the following steps:
melting the raw material of the electroslag remelting slag system, and then smelting an electrode ingot made of the raw material of the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy to obtain the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy; the electroslag remelting slag system comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 39% -44% of CaF2、24%-28%CaO、14%-18%Al2O33 to 5 percent of MgO and 5 to 10 percent of SiO2(ii) a The melting point of the electroslag remelting slag system is 1350-1410 ℃.
The high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy referred to herein has a high tungsten content of 25 to 45 wt%, a high cobalt content of 15 to 30 wt%, and the balance of nickel and unavoidable residual elements. Electroslag remelting is a method of melting using resistance heat generated when current passes through slag as a heat source.
The electroslag remelting slag system is high in alkalinity and strong in desulfurization capacity, can effectively reduce impurities in alloy, has high-temperature plasticity, and can ensure that the surface quality of the alloy is good and has no defects such as slag grooves.
The slag system desulfurization mechanism is shown as the following two formulas:
it should be noted that S in the alloy raw material exists in a plurality of valence states, becomes divalent sulfur under the action of slag system, is combined with calcium and magnesium ions, and is then removed.
Optionally, in the raw material of the electroslag remelting slag system, calculated by mass percentage, CaF2May be any value between 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44% and 39% -44%; CaO may be any value between 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, and 24% -28%; al (Al)2O3May be any value between 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18% and 14% -18%; MgO may be 3Any value between%, 4%, 5% and 3% -5%; SiO 22May be any value between 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% and 5% -10%; the melting point of the electroslag remelting slag system can be any value between 1350 ℃, 1360 ℃, 1370 ℃, 1380 ℃, 1390 ℃, 1400 ℃, 1410 ℃ and 1350 and 1410 ℃.
Preferably, the electroslag remelting slag system comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% -41% of CaF2、26%-28%CaO、14%-16%Al2O33 to 5 percent of MgO and 7 to 9 percent of SiO2。
Preferably, the slagging method further comprises the following steps:
melting the raw materials of the electroslag remelting slag system to obtain pre-melted slag, crushing and screening the pre-melted slag to obtain slag particles, and heating the slag particles to obtain slag;
preferably, the slag particles have a particle size of 3-15 mm;
preferably, the heating temperature is 480-520 ℃, and the time is 4-8 h;
preferably, the heating is performed in a baking manner;
and heating the slag particles to obtain the slag, and then preserving the heat at the temperature of 180-220 ℃ for later use.
The slag raw materials are melted, crushed and heated for the purposes of fully and uniformly mixing all the components and preventing the slag from absorbing water to cause the increase of hydrogen in the alloy.
Alternatively, the slag particles may have a particle size of any value between 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm and 3-15 mm; the heating temperature can be any value between 480 ℃, 490 ℃, 500 ℃, 510 ℃, 520 ℃ and 480 ℃ and 520 ℃, and the time can be any value between 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h and 4-8 h; the temperature of the slag material heat preservation can be any value between 180 ℃, 190 ℃, 200 ℃, 210 ℃, 220 ℃ and 180-220 ℃.
Preferably, the usage amount of the electroslag remelting slag system is 3.5-4.5% of the mass of the electrode ingot.
The optimization of the consumption of the electroslag remelting slag system is beneficial to improving the smelting efficiency and the alloy performance, and meanwhile, the cost can be effectively controlled.
Alternatively, the amount of the electroslag remelting slag system may be any value between 3.5%, 3.6%, 3.7%, 3.8%, 3.9%, 4.0%, 4.1%, 4.2%, 4.3%, 4.4%, 4.5%, and 3.5-4.5% of the mass of the electrode ingot.
Preferably, the slagging adopts an arc-starting slagging mode, and the electroslag remelting slag system with the granularity less than or equal to 5mm is used as an arc-starting agent;
preferably, part of raw materials of the electroslag remelting slag system are used in the slagging stage, and then the rest of raw materials of the electroslag remelting slag system are added for multiple times;
preferably, the voltage of the slagging is 45-50V, the current is 5.5-7.0KA, and the time is 30-40 min;
preferably, after the slagging is finished, the voltage is adjusted to 42-46V, and the current is adjusted to 5.0-6.5 KA.
Preferably, the melting speed of the smelting is 2.5-3.5 kg/min;
preferably, the smelting is carried out in a slag resistance swinging mode at a constant smelting speed;
preferably, when 8% -12% of the residual total mass of the electrode ingot is obtained, the melting speed is reduced to 2.0-2.5kg/min and is kept until the end of melting.
The mode of striking arc and melting slag and adding slag materials step by step can ensure the effect of melting slag.
Different melting speeds, currents and voltages are adopted in different melting stages, so that the defects of shrinkage cavity segregation and the like of the cast ingot can be avoided.
Optionally, the slagging voltage can be any value between 45V, 46V, 47V, 48V, 49V, 50V and 45-50V, the current can be any value between 5.5KA, 6.0KA, 6.5KA, 7.0KA and 5.5-7.0KA, and the time can be any value between 30min, 35min, 40min and 30-40 min; after the slagging is finished, the voltage can be adjusted to any value among 42V, 43V, 44V, 45V, 46V and 42-46V, and the current can be adjusted to any value among 5.0KA, 5.5KA, 6.0KA, 6.5KA and 5.0-6.5 KA; the melting speed of the smelting can be any value between 2.5kg/min, 2.6kg/min, 2.7kg/min, 2.8kg/min, 2.9kg/min, 3.0kg/min, 3.1kg/min, 3.2kg/min, 3.3kg/min, 3.4kg/min, 3.5kg/min and 2.5-3.5 kg/min; when 8-12% of the total mass of the electrode ingot remains, the melting speed is reduced to any value of 2.0kg/min, 2.1kg/min, 2.2kg/min, 2.3kg/min, 2.4kg/min, 2.5kg/min and 2.0-2.5kg/min and is kept until the end of melting.
Preferably, the electrode ingot is obtained by smelting the raw material of the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy by vacuum induction;
preferably, during the vacuum induction melting, deoxidizing agent is used for deoxidizing;
preferably, the deoxidizer includes a carbon deoxidizer and/or an aluminum deoxidizer.
Preferably, the slagging is carried out in an inert gas atmosphere;
preferably, the inert gas comprises a noble gas;
preferably, the inert gas comprises argon.
Remelting in protective atmosphere can prevent the oxygenation of alloy cast ingots.
The high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy is prepared by using the method for smelting the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy through electroslag remelting.
The liner comprises the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy as a raw material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for smelting the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy by electroslag remelting, the proper conductivity and melting point (lower than the melting point of the smelted alloy by 100 DEG and 150 ℃) are obtained by selecting the types and the use amounts of all components of an electroslag remelting slag system, so that the power consumption is reduced, and the formation of slag crust is facilitated; the alkalinity of the slag system is improved through calcium oxide and magnesium oxide, the desulfurization capacity of the slag system is improved, and the sulfur content of the alloy is effectively reduced, so that the processing and shaping of the alloy are improved; the addition of the silicon dioxide increases the high-temperature plasticity of the slag system, can obtain alloy cast ingots with good surface quality, and can modify inclusions in the alloy into silicate inclusions to improve the deformation performance of the alloy; the wetting angle of the slag system and oxide inclusions is 35.8-40.2 degrees, namely the inclusions and the slag are compatible, the slag can effectively dissolve and adsorb the existing nonmetallic inclusions in the alloy, the removing effect on large-size inclusions is particularly obvious, and the purity of the alloy is improved; in addition, compared with high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy, the slag system provided by the application has viscosity and surface properties matched with alloy smelting, has certain high-temperature plasticity, and can ensure that the surface quality of the cast ingot is good and the defects such as a slag runner are avoided. The method for smelting the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy through electroslag remelting is simple to operate, the obtained high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy has the advantages of good surface quality, few impurities, no shrinkage cavity, low cost and the like, the processing plasticity is good, the sulfur content of the alloy is less than or equal to 20pmm, and the impurity content is less than or equal to 10mg/10 kg.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the morphology of inclusions in the electrode ingot obtained in example 2 under an electron scanning microscope.
Detailed Description
The terms as used herein:
"prepared from … …" is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
The conjunction "consisting of … …" excludes any unspecified elements, steps or components. If used in a claim, the phrase is intended to claim as closed, meaning that it does not contain materials other than those described, except for the conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of … …" appears in a clause of the subject matter of the claims rather than immediately after the subject matter, it defines only the elements described in the clause; other elements are not excluded from the claims as a whole.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when the range "1 ~ 5" is disclosed, the ranges described should be construed to include the ranges "1 ~ 4", "1 ~ 3", "1 ~ 2 and 4 ~ 5", "1 ~ 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
In these examples, the parts and percentages are by mass unless otherwise indicated.
"part by mass" means a basic unit of measure indicating a mass ratio of a plurality of components, and 1 part may represent any unit mass, for example, 1g or 2.689 g. If we say that the part by mass of the component A is a part by mass and the part by mass of the component B is B part by mass, the ratio of the part by mass of the component A to the part by mass of the component B is a: b. alternatively, the mass of the A component is aK and the mass of the B component is bK (K is an arbitrary number, and represents a multiple factor). It is unmistakable that, unlike the parts by mass, the sum of the parts by mass of all the components is not limited to 100 parts.
"and/or" is used to indicate that one or both of the illustrated conditions may occur, e.g., a and/or B includes (a and B) and (a or B).
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides an electroslag remelting slag system, which includes, by mass: 43% CaF228% of CaO, 16% of Al2O35% of MgO and 8% of SiO2. The melting point of the electroslag remelting slag system is 1370 ℃.
Heating and melting the slag raw materials in an electric arc furnace, casting and cooling to room temperature, crushing by a crusher, sieving particles with the particle size of 3-15mm, and mechanically mixing uniformly again. And (3) placing the uniformly mixed premelting slag into a baking furnace, baking for 6 hours at 500 ℃ to obtain slag charge, and keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for later use.
Preparing an electrode ingot by adopting vacuum induction melting (C + Al deoxidation), and respectively cutting off 20mm thick pieces of the head and the tail of the ingot after cutting off a dead head, polishing, cleaning and baking to obtain a usable electrode ingot; the sulfur content in the alloy was measured by a sulfur determinator, the inclusion content was measured by bulk electrolysis, the size of the inclusions was measured by an electron scanning microscope, and the tensile properties were measured, the results of which are shown in table 1.
Taking the slag material according to 35-45% of the mass of the electrode ingot, carrying out slag adding, centering and argon filling, and then carrying out arc striking by taking solid fine slag with the granularity less than or equal to 5mm as an arc striking agent, wherein the slag melting voltage is set to be 48V, and the current is set to be 6 KA. After 35min, when the slag is completely melted down, the voltage is reduced to 43V, the current is 5.6KA, the melting speed is set to be 3.2kg/min, and the melting is stable. When 40kg of electrode ingot remains, the melting speed is reduced to 2.0kg/min, after the heat sealing top is finished, the furnace is cooled for 10 hours, the ingot is taken out after demolding, the surface quality of the cast ingot is good, and the defects of slag channels and the like are avoided.
Table 1 example 1 test results
Example 2
The present embodiment provides an electroslag remelting slag system, which includes, by mass: 44% CaF225% of CaO, 18% of Al2O33% of MgO and 10% of SiO2. The melting point of the electroslag remelting slag system is 1360 ℃.
Heating and melting the slag raw materials in an electric arc furnace, casting and cooling to room temperature, crushing by a crusher, sieving particles with the particle size of 3-15mm, and mechanically mixing uniformly again. And (3) placing the uniformly mixed premelting slag into a baking furnace, baking for 8 hours at 480 ℃ to obtain slag charge, and preserving heat at 180 ℃ for later use.
Preparing an electrode ingot by adopting vacuum induction melting (Al deoxidation), and respectively cutting off thick sheets at the head and the tail of the ingot after cutting off a dead head, polishing, cleaning and baking to obtain a usable electrode ingot; a sulfur determinator is adopted to detect the sulfur content in the alloy, a bulk sample is adopted to detect the inclusion content through electrolysis, an electron scanning microscope is used to measure the size of the inclusions (figure 1 shows the appearance of the inclusions under an electron scanning microscope), and tensile property test is carried out, wherein the detection results are shown in table 2.
Taking the slag charge according to 45 percent of the mass of the electrode ingot, carrying out slag adding, centering and argon filling, then carrying out arc striking by taking solid fine slag with the granularity less than or equal to 5mm as an arc striking agent, setting the slag melting voltage to be 47V and the current to be 5.8 KA. After 40min, when the slag is completely melted down, the voltage is reduced to 42V, the current is 5.0KA, the melting speed is set to be 2.5kg/min, and the melting is stable. When 32kg of electrode ingot is remained, reducing the melting speed to 2.2kg/min, cooling the furnace for 10 hours after the heat sealing top is finished, demoulding and taking the ingot, wherein the surface quality of the ingot is good, and the defects of slag channels and the like are avoided.
Table 2 example 2 test results
Example 3
The present embodiment provides an electroslag remelting slag system, which includes, by mass: 43% CaF227% of CaO, 17% of Al2O34.5% MgO and 8.5% SiO2. The melting point of the electroslag remelting slag system is 1400 ℃. Can be made of industrial fluorite (CaF)2More than 98 percent, lime (CaO more than 94 percent), alumina powder (Al)2O3More than 97 percent), magnesia (MgO more than 97 percent) and Silica (SiO)2More than 98%) as raw material.
Heating and melting the slag raw materials in an electric arc furnace, casting and cooling to room temperature, crushing by a crusher, sieving particles with the particle size of 3-15mm, and mechanically mixing uniformly again. And (3) placing the uniformly mixed premelting slag into a baking furnace, baking for 4 hours at 520 ℃ to obtain slag charge, and preserving heat at 220 ℃ for later use.
Preparing an electrode ingot by adopting vacuum induction melting (Al deoxidation), and respectively cutting off thick sheets at the head and the tail of the ingot after cutting off a dead head, polishing, cleaning and baking to obtain a usable electrode ingot; the sulfur content in the alloy was measured by a sulfur determinator, the inclusion content was measured by bulk electrolysis, the size of the inclusions was measured by an electron scanning microscope, and the tensile properties were measured, the results of which are shown in table 3.
Taking the slag according to 40% of the mass of the electrode ingot, adding slag, centering, filling argon, and then starting arc by taking solid fine slag with the granularity less than or equal to 5mm as an arc-starting agent, wherein the slagging voltage is set to be 50V, and the current is set to be 7.0 KA. After 30min, when the slag is completely melted down, the voltage is reduced to 46V, the current is 6.5KA, the melting speed is set to be 3.5kg/min, and the melting is stable. When 48kg of electrode ingot is remained, reducing the melting speed to 2.5kg/min, cooling the furnace for 10 hours after the heat sealing top is finished, demoulding and taking the ingot, wherein the surface quality of the ingot is good, and the defects of slag channels and the like are avoided.
Table 3 example 3 test results
Comparative example 1
Different from the embodiment 1, the method selects a common ternary slag system, and comprises the following steps of: 70% CaF215% of CaO, 15% of Al2O3。
Comparative example 2
Different from the embodiment 1, the selected slag system reduces the CaO proportion and increases Al2O3The mixture ratio is calculated by mass percent and comprises the following components: 43% CaF219% of CaO, 25% of Al2O35% of MgO and 8% of SiO2。
Comparative example 3
Different from the example 3, when the slag is completely molten, the melting period is stabilized, the voltage is reduced to 48V, the current is 7.0KA, and the melting speed is set to be 4.1 kg/min.
Comparative example 4
Unlike example 3, when 48kg of the electrode ingot remained, the melting rate was still 3.5kg/min to the end.
The results of detection and analysis of the electrode ingot and the electroslag ingot in comparative examples 1 to 4 are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 test results of comparative examples 1 to 4
As can be seen from tables 1 to 4, the electroslag remelting slag system and the electroslag remelting smelting method can effectively reduce the sulfur content and the inclusion content in the alloy, remarkably reduce the size of the maximum inclusion in the alloy, improve the ductility of the alloy, and enable the alloy to meet the material performance condition for preparing the shaped charge liner. The comparative example adopts the traditional ternary slag system or reduces the CaO content in the slag system to improve the Al content2O3The content or the melting speed in the stable melting stage is increased to 4.1kg/min or the melting speed is not reduced in the hot top sealing stage, so that the alloy desulfurization and impurity removal efficiency is reduced, the removal effect of large-size impurities is weakened, and the improvement of the ductility of the alloy by remelting and smelting is seriously influenced.
The electroslag remelting slag system provided by the application realizes stable electroslag remelting smelting of high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy; the sulfur content of the alloy is effectively reduced by improving the alkalinity of the slag system, so that the processing and shaping of the alloy are improved; impurities in the alloy are effectively removed, the removal effect on large-size impurities is particularly obvious, and the purity of the cast ingot is improved; the slag system has certain high-temperature plasticity, can ensure good surface quality of the cast ingot, and has no defects of a slag runner and the like; the optimization of the process ensures that the cast ingot has no defects of shrinkage cavity segregation and the like. Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims above, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The method for smelting the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy through electroslag remelting is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
melting the raw material of the electroslag remelting slag system, and then smelting an electrode ingot made of the raw material of the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy to obtain the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy;
the electroslag remelting slag system comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 39% -44% of CaF2、24%-28%CaO、14%-18%Al2O33 to 5 percent of MgO and 5 to 10 percent of SiO2(ii) a The melting point of the electroslag remelting slag system is 1350-1410 ℃.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the electroslag remelting slag system comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% -41% of CaF2、26%-28%CaO、14%-16%Al2O33 to 5 percent of MgO and 7 to 9 percent of SiO2。
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the slagging further comprises, prior to:
melting the raw materials of the electroslag remelting slag system to obtain pre-melted slag, crushing and screening the pre-melted slag to obtain slag particles, and heating the slag particles to obtain slag; the granularity of the slag charge particles is 3-15 mm; the heating temperature is 480-520 ℃, and the time is 4-8 h; the heating is carried out in a baking mode; and heating the slag particles to obtain the slag, and then preserving the heat at the temperature of 180-220 ℃ for later use.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the electroslag remelting slag system is used in an amount of 3.5-4.5% of the mass of the electrode ingot.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the slagging is carried out by adopting an arc-starting slagging mode, and the electroslag remelting slag system with the granularity of less than or equal to 5mm is used as an arc-starting agent; in the slagging stage, partial raw materials of the electroslag remelting slag system are used, and then the rest raw materials of the electroslag remelting slag system are added for multiple times; the voltage of the slagging is 45-50V, the current is 5.5-7.0KA, and the time is 30-40 min; after the slagging is finished, the voltage is adjusted to 42-46V, and the current is adjusted to 5.0-6.5 KA.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the melting rate of the melting is 2.5-3.5 kg/min; smelting at a constant smelting speed in a slag resistance swinging mode; when the residual total mass of the electrode ingot is 8-12%, reducing the melting speed to 2.0-2.5kg/min and keeping the melting speed till the end of melting.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the electrode ingot is obtained by vacuum induction melting of the raw material of the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy; in the vacuum induction melting process, deoxidizing agent is used for deoxidizing; the deoxidizer comprises a carbon deoxidizer and/or an aluminum deoxidizer.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the slagging is carried out in an inert gas atmosphere; the inert gas comprises a noble gas; the noble gas comprises argon.
9. A high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy, which is prepared by using the method for smelting the high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy by electroslag remelting according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A liner comprising the high tungsten high cobalt nickel alloy of claim 9 as a starting material.
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