CN112028099A - Clean production process for preparing polyaluminum chloride from fly ash - Google Patents
Clean production process for preparing polyaluminum chloride from fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN112028099A CN112028099A CN202010841324.3A CN202010841324A CN112028099A CN 112028099 A CN112028099 A CN 112028099A CN 202010841324 A CN202010841324 A CN 202010841324A CN 112028099 A CN112028099 A CN 112028099A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/48—Halides, with or without other cations besides aluminium
- C01F7/56—Chlorides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/02—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs
- B02C7/08—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs with vertical axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/11—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/11—Details
- B02C7/12—Shape or construction of discs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/11—Details
- B02C7/16—Driving mechanisms
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical production, and particularly relates to a clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by utilizing fly ash, wherein a grinding machine used in the process comprises a shell, a motor and a filter screen; the upper surface of the shell is fixedly connected with a power box at the axis position of the shell; the interior of the power box is fixedly connected with a motor; an upper grinding disc is rotatably connected inside the shell; a lower grinding disc is arranged in the shell below the upper grinding disc; a filter screen is arranged below the lower grinding disc; the invention effectively realizes the high-efficiency grinding of the fly ash, the fly ash is more uniformly distributed and the effective grinding surface is larger through the design of the spherical grinding surface, and the lower grinding disc can continuously vibrate through the design of the contact collision structure in the relative rotating and grinding process, thereby realizing the synchronous operation of the rotating grinding and the vibration collision and further improving the grinding efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical production, and particularly relates to a clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash.
Background
The fly ash is a solid waste generated after coal combustion, and the main chemical components of the fly ash mainly comprise Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2, CaO, K2O and the like, wherein the content of Al2O3 is about 15-40%, the content of SiO2 is about 34-66%, the fly ash is a typical aluminosilicate mineral, in addition, trace elements such as Ge, Ga, U, Ni, Pt and the like are also contained in the fly ash, the fly ash is mostly white to black, therefore, the content of carbon in the fly ash is high and low, the particle size of fly ash particles is between 0.5 and 300 mu m, the fly ash is a porous material, the specific surface area is large, and the adsorption activity is good.
According to CN107628632A, the method for preparing the flocculant polyaluminum chloride from the fly ash is simple to operate, low in cost and suitable for industrial production, the fly ash is used as a raw material, waste materials are changed into valuable materials, the production cost is reduced, and environmental pollution caused by waste of fly ash solids is avoided.
However, in the prior art, fly ash is used for preparing polyaluminium chloride, the fly ash needs to be sufficiently ground and pulverized, so that large-particle-state substances of the fly ash are ground into a refined small-particle state, when the fly ash is added into an acid solution, because the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the fly ash in the small-particle state is large, the contact area of the fully ground fly ash and the acid solution can be greatly increased, the fly ash can be rapidly subjected to fusion reaction with the acid solution, the production efficiency of preparing the polyaluminium chloride from the fly ash is greatly improved, the grinding of particles is simply realized through the relative rotation of a grinding disc through an existing common grinding machine, the efficiency is low, the refined uniformity of the ground refined substances is unstable, and the problems of later-stage efficient chemical reaction production and the like are.
In view of the above, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present inventors designed and developed a clean production process for preparing polyaluminum chloride from fly ash, and used a special grinder to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art and solve the problem that in the prior art, the fly ash is required to be fully ground and pulverized when being used for preparing the polyaluminium chloride, so that the large-particle state substance of the fly ash is ground into a refined small-particle state, when the fly ash is added into the acid liquor, because the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the pulverized fuel ash in a small particle state is large, the contact area of the pulverized fuel ash after being fully ground and the acid liquid is greatly increased, further, the fly ash can be rapidly subjected to fusion reaction with the acid liquor, the production efficiency of polyaluminium chloride prepared from the fly ash is greatly improved, but the existing common grinder can grind the particles simply by the relative rotation of the grinding disc, has low efficiency, and the refined substance ground out has unstable refining uniformity, which seriously affects the later efficient chemical reaction production and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
s1: fully grinding the fly ash by a grinding machine, screening large particles which are not fully ground to obtain fine fly ash, mixing the fine fly ash with water, adding hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 3-5, reacting for 60-70min at the reaction temperature of 50-70 ℃, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-20min at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ to separate solid fly ash from a solution, then performing neutralization washing on the separated solid, and drying to obtain decalcified fly ash; the fly ash is ground by the grinding machine, so that large-particle fly ash is fully pulverized, the grinding efficiency is higher compared with the traditional grinding mode, and the particle size of the obtained fly ash is more uniform and finer;
s2: adding a composite sodium assistant and water into the decalcified fly ash obtained in the step S1, mixing, treating for 10-15min by a microwave activation technology, and crushing and sieving by a grinder to obtain first activated fly ash;
s3: adding the first activated fly ash obtained in the step S1 into a calcining furnace, fully calcining at the high temperature of 800-1000 ℃, wherein the calcining time is not less than 1.5h, and crushing and sieving by a grinder after calcining to obtain second activated fly ash; by organically combining microwave activation and calcination activation, the activity of substances such as SiO2, Al2O3 and the like in the fly ash can be obviously increased, Si-Al bonds are promoted to break, the leaching speed of Al2O3 is increased, and the leaching rate of alumina reaches more than 96%;
s4: adding the second activated fly ash obtained in the step S3 into acid liquor for acid leaching, filtering after reaction to obtain an aluminum-containing solution, repeatedly adding the aluminum-containing solution into the second activated fly ash, supplementing hydrochloric acid, leaching aluminum by circulating acid to obtain an aluminum-rich solution, adding alkaline salt into the aluminum-rich solution for polymerization reaction, and performing aging reaction to obtain polyaluminum chloride;
wherein the grinder used in S1 comprises a shell, a motor and a filter screen; the shell is designed into a cylindrical structure; a working cavity is formed in the shell; the upper surface of the shell is fixedly connected with a power box at the axis position of the shell; the interior of the power box is fixedly connected with a motor; the upper surface of the shell is provided with an annular groove at the periphery of the power box; a material guide funnel is fixedly connected inside the annular groove; the upper surface of the inside of the shell is fixedly connected with a connecting block at a position right below the motor; an upper grinding disc is rotatably connected below the connecting block; guide holes are formed in the shell and the connecting block at the axial line position of the motor; the inner parts of the guide holes are rotatably connected with rotating columns, and the rotating columns are communicated with an output shaft of the motor and the upper grinding disc; the inner cambered surface of the shell is fixedly connected with a fixing ring at the position below the upper grinding disc; the inner arc surface of the fixing ring is fixedly connected with an annular guide block; a lower grinding disc is arranged in the shell at the position of the fixing ring; an annular groove is formed in the outer arc surface of the lower grinding disc at the position of the annular guide block, and the annular guide block is connected to the inside of the annular groove in a sliding mode; uniformly arranged springs are fixedly connected between the lower grinding disc and the fixed ring; the side surface of one side of the upper grinding disc opposite to the lower grinding disc is designed into a spherical structure; the side surface of the upper surface of the lower grinding disc, which is close to the lower grinding disc, is fixedly connected with first stop blocks which are uniformly arranged; the side surface of the upper grinding disc is fixedly connected with a second stop block; through holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the upper direction and the lower direction on the surface of the lower grinding disc; the inner arc surface of the shell is fixedly connected with a supporting block at the position below the lower grinding disc; the side surface of one side of the supporting block opposite to the lower grinding disc is designed into a spherical structure; a leak hole is formed in the surface of the supporting block at the axis position of the shell; a filter screen is fixedly connected inside the leakage hole; a cleaning hole is formed in the position, close to the lower surface of the shell, of the right side surface of the shell; a sealing door is rotatably connected inside the cleaning hole; the lower surface of the shell is fixedly connected with supporting legs which are uniformly arranged;
during operation, the fly ash is a solid waste generated after coal combustion, and the main chemical components of the fly ash mainly comprise Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2, CaO, K2O and the like, wherein the content of Al2O3 is about 15-40%, the content of SiO2 is about 34-66%, the fly ash is a typical aluminosilicate mineral, in addition, trace elements such as Ge, Ga, U, Ni and Pt are also contained in the fly ash, most of the fly ash is gray to black, so that the carbon content of the fly ash is seen, the particle size of the fly ash particles is between 0.5 mu m and 300 mu m, the fly ash particles are porous materials, the specific surface area is large, and the adsorption activity is good, in the prior art, the fly ash is used for preparing polyaluminium chloride, the fly ash needs to be fully ground and pulverized, so that the large particle state of the fly ash is ground into a refined small particle state, and when the fly ash is added into an acid solution, the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the small particle state is, according to the clean production process for preparing the polyaluminium chloride by using the fly ash, when the fly ash needs to be ground, firstly, coarse fly ash particles are added into the shell through the material guide hopper, and slide into a position between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc through the upper grinding disc, then the motor is started, the output shaft of the motor drives the rotating column to rotate, and the rotating column further drives the upper grinding disc to rotate, the coarse coal particles between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc are ground through the relative rotation between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc, the pulverized coal ash in grinding can continuously flow downwards due to the design of a spherical structure between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc, the pulverized coal ash after grinding can leak downwards through holes on the surface of the lower grinding disc, finally the pulverized coal ash can be gathered at the middle position of the supporting plate and can be filtered by a fine screen through a filter screen at the middle position of the supporting plate, first stop blocks which are uniformly arranged are arranged on the upper surface of the lower grinding disc, and second stop blocks are arranged on the surface of the upper grinding disc, when the upper grinding disc rotates, the upper grinding disc can drive the second stop blocks to rotate, so that the second stop blocks can continuously collide with the first stop blocks at different positions, different second stop blocks can be subjected to acting forces in different directions, and then the second stop blocks can drive the lower grinding disc to move, because the spring is connected to the periphery of the lower grinding disc, when the grinding machine operates, the lower grinding disc can vibrate continuously, and the grinding machine is matched with the relative rotation between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc, so that the fly ash at different positions can be vibrated, impacted and crushed in the grinding process, and the crushing efficiency of the fly ash is greatly improved.
Preferably, the lower surface of the lower grinding disc is fixedly connected with a fixing column at the axial position of the lower grinding disc; the lower surface of the fixing column is fixedly connected with a screening and grinding disc; an elastic ring is fixedly connected with the upper position of the filter screen inside the leakage hole, and the elastic ring is fixedly connected with the screening and grinding disc; small holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the upper and lower directions of the surface of the screening and grinding disc;
the during operation, through setting up the sieve mill, through mutual fixed connection between fixed column will lower mill and the sieve mill, when the mill shakes down, lower mill can drive the vibrations of sieve mill, the sieve mill and then can and the filter screen between the dislocation, when coal ash leaks the filter screen top under the aperture through the sieve mill surface, through the relative dislocation between mill and the filter screen down, the secondary grinding to coal ash has been realized, further improve grinding effect, can grind the large granule coal ash that the filter screen was sieved off once more simultaneously, avoid a large amount of large granule coal ash to pile up on the filter screen surface, influence the screening efficiency of filter screen.
Preferably, the vibrating teeth which are uniformly arranged are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the screening grinding disc at the position close to the outer arc surface of the screening grinding disc; the upper surface of the supporting block is provided with a vibrating plate, and the vibrating plate is fixedly connected with the inner cambered surface of the shell;
the during operation sets up the vibrations tooth through the top at the sieve mill dish, and when the sieve mill dish vibrations, the sieve mill dish can drive vibrations tooth vibrations, vibrations tooth and then drive the vibrations of vibrations board, through vibrations between vibrations board and the lower mill, shakes when promoting the downward flow of fly ash and grinds.
Preferably, the upper surface of the vibration plate is provided with ball grooves which are uniformly distributed; the ball grooves are connected with balls in a rolling manner;
during operation, through the ball that sets up evenly arranging at the upper surface of vibrations board, when vibrations relatively grind between vibrations board and the lower mill, can reduce the wearing and tearing problem that realizes between vibrations board and the lower mill by a wide margin through the roll of ball.
Preferably, a sliding groove is formed in the front end face of the shell, which is close to the lower surface of the shell; the number of the sliding grooves is two, and the sliding grooves are distributed up and down; the inner parts of the two sliding grooves are both connected with a drawing box in a sliding manner; the lower surface of the supporting block is fixedly connected with a guide pillar at the position of the leakage hole; a mounting hole is formed in the drawing box at the upper position and at the position right below the guide pillar; the screening block is fixedly connected inside the mounting hole; the upper surface of the screening block is designed to be a conical structure; the surface of the screening block is provided with screening holes which are uniformly distributed in the up-down direction; the lower surface of the screening block is provided with a baffle groove; a stop block is fixedly connected inside the stop groove;
the during operation, through setting up the pull box, and set up the screening piece in the inside of top pull box, be the toper structural design through the upper surface with the screening piece, fly ash through the small opening whereabouts can directly fall into the screening piece, because fly ash after the grinding has the uneven phenomenon of grinding thickness, through the difference of thickness granule weight, fly ash when great granule falls into the surface back of screening piece, can be quick roll fall into the inside of the pull box of top position, and can fall into the inside of the pull box of below position through dividing the sieve opening to the fly ash of less granule, the realization is to the separation of thickness state fly ash.
Preferably, the upper surface of the upper grinding disc is designed to be an arc-shaped structure; the upper surface of the upper grinding disc is provided with a spiral groove, and the spiral groove uniformly scatters the raw materials above the upper grinding disc into the periphery of the upper grinding disc;
the during operation, be the arc structure through the upper surface design with the runner stone, make the inside fly ash of joining the casing can roll down through the runner stone, because the fly ash of joining all is located one side position of casing, lead to the uneven problem of fly ash distribution like this easily, influence grinding efficiency, set up the helicla flute through the top at the runner stone, when the fly ash is added the runner stone top, the inside of helicla flute can be flowed into to fly ash, through the rotation of runner stone, can make the inside fly ash of helicla flute by even throwing away, the leading-in homogeneity of fly ash has been improved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash, the grinding machine used in the process is provided with the shell, the motor and the filter screen are arranged in the shell, so that the fly ash is effectively ground with high efficiency, the fly ash is more uniformly distributed and the effective grinding surface is larger through the design of the spherical grinding surface, the lower grinding disc can continuously vibrate through the design of the contact collision structure in the relative rotation grinding process, the synchronous operation of rotation grinding and vibration collision is realized, and the grinding efficiency is further improved.
2. According to the clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash, the grinding machine used in the process is provided with the fixed column, the grinding disc and the elastic ring, when the lower grinding disc vibrates, the lower grinding disc can drive the grinding disc to vibrate, the grinding disc and the filter screen can further move relative to each other, when the fly ash leaks above the filter screen through small holes in the surface of the grinding disc, the fly ash is ground for the second time through the relative movement between the lower grinding disc and the filter screen, the grinding effect is further improved, meanwhile, large-particle fly ash screened by the filter screen can be ground again, and the condition that a large amount of large-particle fly ash is accumulated on the surface of the filter screen to influence the screening efficiency of the filter screen is avoided.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an external view of a grinder used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a grinding machine used in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a grinding mill used in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;
in the figure: the device comprises a shell 1, a material guide funnel 11, a sealing door 12, a supporting leg 13, a drawing box 14, a screening block 15, a motor 2, an upper grinding disc 21, a fixing ring 22, an annular guide block 23, a lower grinding disc 24, a spring 25, a first stop block 26, a second stop block 27, a filter screen 3, a supporting block 31, a screening grinding disc 32, an elastic ring 33, a vibration tooth 34, a vibration plate 35 and balls 36.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash comprises the following steps:
s1: fully grinding the fly ash by a grinding machine, screening large particles which are not fully ground to obtain fine fly ash, mixing the fine fly ash with water, adding hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 3-5, reacting for 60-70min at the reaction temperature of 50-70 ℃, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-20min at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ to separate solid fly ash from a solution, then performing neutralization washing on the separated solid, and drying to obtain decalcified fly ash; the fly ash is ground by the grinding machine, so that large-particle fly ash is fully pulverized, the grinding efficiency is higher compared with the traditional grinding mode, and the particle size of the obtained fly ash is more uniform and finer;
s2: adding a composite sodium assistant and water into the decalcified fly ash obtained in the step S1, mixing, treating for 10-15min by a microwave activation technology, and crushing and sieving by a grinder to obtain first activated fly ash;
s3: adding the first activated fly ash obtained in the step S1 into a calcining furnace, fully calcining at the high temperature of 800-1000 ℃, wherein the calcining time is not less than 1.5h, and crushing and sieving by a grinder after calcining to obtain second activated fly ash; by organically combining microwave activation and calcination activation, the activity of substances such as SiO2, Al2O3 and the like in the fly ash can be obviously increased, Si-Al bonds are promoted to break, the leaching speed of Al2O3 is increased, and the leaching rate of alumina reaches more than 96%;
s4: adding the second activated fly ash obtained in the step S3 into acid liquor for acid leaching, filtering after reaction to obtain an aluminum-containing solution, repeatedly adding the aluminum-containing solution into the second activated fly ash, supplementing hydrochloric acid, leaching aluminum by circulating acid to obtain an aluminum-rich solution, adding alkaline salt into the aluminum-rich solution for polymerization reaction, and performing aging reaction to obtain polyaluminum chloride;
wherein the grinder used in S1 comprises a housing 1, a motor 2 and a screen 3; the shell 1 is designed into a cylindrical structure; a working cavity is formed in the shell 1; the upper surface of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with a power box at the axial position of the shell 1; the motor 2 is fixedly connected inside the power box; an annular groove is formed in the upper surface of the shell 1 at the periphery of the power box; a material guide funnel 11 is fixedly connected inside the annular groove; the upper surface of the inside of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with a connecting block at a position right below the motor 2; an upper grinding disc 21 is rotatably connected below the connecting block; guide holes are formed in the axial line positions of the motor 2 of the shell 1 and the connecting block; the inner parts of the guide holes are rotatably connected with rotating columns, and the rotating columns are communicated with the output shaft of the motor 2 and the upper grinding disc 21; the inner arc surface of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with a fixing ring 22 at the position below the upper grinding disc 21; the inner arc surface of the fixing ring 22 is fixedly connected with an annular guide block 23; a lower grinding disc 24 is arranged in the shell 1 at the position of the fixing ring 22; an annular groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the annular guide block 23, of the outer arc surface of the lower grinding disc 24, and the annular guide block 23 is connected to the inside of the annular groove in a sliding mode; uniformly arranged springs 25 are fixedly connected between the lower grinding disc 24 and the fixed ring 22; the side surface of one side of the upper grinding disc 21 opposite to the lower grinding disc 24 is designed into a spherical structure; the upper surface of the lower grinding disc 24 is fixedly connected with first stop blocks 26 which are uniformly arranged at the side surface positions close to the lower grinding disc 24; the side surface of the upper grinding disc 21 is fixedly connected with a second stop block 27; through holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the upper direction and the lower direction on the surface of the lower grinding disc 24; the inner arc surface of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with a supporting block 31 at the position below the lower grinding disc 24; the side surface of one side of the supporting block 31 opposite to the lower grinding disc 24 is designed into a spherical structure; a leak hole is formed in the surface of the supporting block 31 at the axis position of the shell 1; a filter screen 3 is fixedly connected inside the leakage hole; a cleaning hole is formed in the position, close to the lower surface of the shell 1, of the right side surface of the shell 1; a sealing door 12 is rotatably connected inside the cleaning hole; the lower surface of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with supporting legs 13 which are uniformly arranged;
during operation, the fly ash is a solid waste generated after coal combustion, and the main chemical components of the fly ash mainly comprise Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2, CaO, K2O and the like, wherein the content of Al2O3 is about 15-40%, the content of SiO2 is about 34-66%, the fly ash is a typical aluminosilicate mineral, in addition, trace elements such as Ge, Ga, U, Ni and Pt are also contained in the fly ash, most of the fly ash is gray to black, so that the carbon content of the fly ash is seen, the particle size of the fly ash particles is between 0.5 mu m and 300 mu m, the fly ash particles are porous materials, the specific surface area is large, and the adsorption activity is good, in the prior art, the fly ash is used for preparing polyaluminium chloride, the fly ash needs to be fully ground and pulverized, so that the large particle state of the fly ash is ground into a refined small particle state, and when the fly ash is added into an acid solution, the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the small particle state is, according to the clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using the fly ash, when the fly ash needs to be ground, firstly, coarse fly ash particles are added into the shell 1 through the material guide funnel 11, slide into a position between the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 24 through the upper grinding disc 21, then the motor 2 is started, an output shaft of the motor 2 drives the rotating column to rotate, and the rotating column further drives the upper grinding disc 21 to rotate, the coarse coal particles between the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 24 are ground through the relative rotation between the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 24, because the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 24 are designed to be spherical structures, the pulverized fuel ash in grinding can continuously flow downwards, the pulverized fuel ash after grinding can leak downwards through holes in the surface of the lower grinding disc 24, finally the pulverized fuel ash can be gathered at the middle position of the supporting plate, fine screening filtration is realized through the filter screen 3 in the middle position of the supporting plate, the first stop blocks 26 which are uniformly arranged are arranged on the upper surface of the lower grinding disc 24, meanwhile, the second stop blocks 27 are arranged on the surface of the upper grinding disc 21, when the upper grinding disc 21 rotates, the upper grinding disc 21 can drive the second stop blocks 27 to rotate, so that the second stop blocks 27 can continuously collide with the first stop blocks 26 in different positions, and different second stop blocks 27 can bear acting forces in different directions, and then the second stop block 27 will drive the lower grinding disc 24 to move, because the periphery of the lower grinding disc 24 is connected with the spring 25, when the grinding machine is running, the lower grinding disc 24 will vibrate continuously, and the relative rotation between the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 24 is matched, so that the pulverized fuel ash at different positions can be vibrated, impacted and crushed in the grinding process, and the pulverizing efficiency of the pulverized fuel ash is greatly improved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a fixing column is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower grinding disc 24 at the axial position of the lower grinding disc 24; the lower surface of the fixing column is fixedly connected with a screening disc 32; an elastic ring 33 is fixedly connected with the upper position of the filter screen 3 in the leak hole, and the elastic ring 33 is fixedly connected with the screen grinding disc 32; the surface of the screening and grinding disc 32 is provided with small holes which are uniformly distributed in the up-down direction;
the during operation, through setting up sieve mill 32, through mutual fixed connection between the fixed column will lower mill 24 and sieve mill 32, when mill 24 shakes down, lower mill 24 can drive sieve mill 32 vibrations, sieve mill 32 and then can and filter screen 3 between the dislocation, when leaking filter screen 3 top under the aperture on fly ash through sieve mill 32 surface, through the relative dislocation between lower mill 24 and the filter screen 3, the secondary grinding to fly ash has been realized, further improve grinding effect, can grind once more to the large granule fly ash that filter screen 3 sieved off simultaneously, avoid a large amount of large granule fly ash to pile up on filter screen 3 surface, influence the screening efficiency of filter screen 3.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the sieve grinding disc 32 is fixedly connected with vibration teeth 34 which are uniformly arranged at a position close to the outer arc surface of the sieve grinding disc 32; the upper surface of the supporting block 31 is provided with a vibration plate 35, and the vibration plate 35 is fixedly connected with the inner cambered surface of the shell 1;
during operation, the vibrating teeth 34 are arranged above the screening and grinding disc 32, when the screening and grinding disc 32 vibrates, the screening and grinding disc 32 drives the vibrating teeth 34 to vibrate, the vibrating teeth 34 further drive the vibrating plate 35 to vibrate, and the downward flow of the fly ash is promoted and the fly ash is vibrated and ground at the same time through the vibration between the vibrating plate 35 and the lower grinding disc 24.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the vibration plate 35 is provided with ball grooves which are uniformly arranged; the ball grooves are all connected with balls 36 in a rolling manner;
in operation, by arranging the balls 36 uniformly on the upper surface of the vibration plate 35, when the vibration plate 35 and the lower grinding disc 24 are ground in a relatively vibrating manner, the problem of abrasion between the vibration plate 35 and the lower grinding disc 24 can be greatly reduced by rolling the balls 36.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a sliding groove is formed at a position of the front end surface of the housing 1, which is close to the lower surface of the housing 1; the number of the sliding grooves is two, and the sliding grooves are distributed up and down; the interior of each of the two sliding grooves is connected with a drawing box 14 in a sliding manner; the lower surface of the supporting block 31 is fixedly connected with a guide post at the position of the leakage hole; a mounting hole is formed in the upper part of the drawing box 14 at a position right below the guide post; the screening block 15 is fixedly connected inside the mounting hole; the upper surface of the screening block 15 is designed to be a conical structure; the surface of the screening block is provided with screening holes which are uniformly distributed in the up-down direction; the lower surface of the screening block is provided with a baffle groove; a stop block is fixedly connected inside the stop groove;
the during operation, through setting up pull box 14, and set up screening piece 15 in the inside of upper pull box 14, upper surface through will screening piece 15 is the design of toper structure, fly ash through the small opening whereabouts can directly fall into screening piece 15, because fly ash after the grinding has the uneven phenomenon of grinding thickness, through the difference of thickness granule weight, fly ash when great granule falls into the surperficial back of screening piece, can be quick roll fall into the inside of pull box 14 of top position, and can fall into the inside of pull box 14 of below position through dividing the sieve opening to the fly ash of less granule, the realization is to the separation of thickness state fly ash.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the upper grinding disc 21 is designed to be an arc structure; the upper surface of the upper grinding disc 21 is provided with a spiral groove, and the spiral groove uniformly scatters the raw material above the upper grinding disc 21 to the circumferential position of the upper grinding disc 21;
the during operation, upper surface design through with the runner stone 21 is the arc structure, make and add the inside fly ash of casing 1 and can roll down through runner stone 21, because the fly ash of joining all is located one side position of casing 1, lead to the inhomogeneous problem of fly ash distribution like this easily, influence grinding efficiency, through offering the helicla flute in the top at runner stone 21, when the fly ash is added the runner stone 21 top, the inside of helicla flute can be flowed into to fly ash, rotation through runner stone 21, can make the inside fly ash of helicla flute by even throwing away, the leading-in homogeneity of fly ash has been improved.
The specific working process is as follows:
when the coal ash grinding device works, when the coal ash needs to be ground, firstly, coarse coal ash particles are added into the shell 1 through the guide funnel 11, the coarse coal ash particles slide into a position between the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 24 through the upper grinding disc 21, then the motor 2 is started, the output shaft of the motor 2 drives the rotating column to rotate, the rotating column further drives the upper grinding disc 21 to rotate, the coarse coal ash particles between the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 24 are ground through the relative rotation between the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 24, due to the fact that the spherical structure design is adopted between the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 24, the coal ash during grinding can continuously flow downwards, meanwhile, the ground coal ash can leak downwards through the through holes in the surface of the lower grinding disc 24, finally, the coal ash can be collected to the middle position of the support plate, fine screen filtering is achieved through the filter screen 3 in the middle position of the support plate, and the first stop dogs, meanwhile, the second stop block 27 is arranged on the surface of the upper grinding disc 21, when the upper grinding disc 21 rotates, the upper grinding disc 21 can drive the second stop block 27 to rotate, so that the second stop block 27 can continuously collide with the first stop blocks 26 at different positions, different second stop blocks 27 can bear acting forces in different directions, and the second stop block 27 can drive the lower grinding disc 24 to move; by arranging the sieve grinding disc 32, the lower grinding disc 24 and the sieve grinding disc 32 are fixedly connected with each other through the fixing column, when the lower grinding disc 24 vibrates, the lower grinding disc 24 can drive the sieve grinding disc 32 to vibrate, the sieve grinding disc 32 and the filter screen 3 can move relative to each other, when the fly ash leaks above the filter screen 3 through small holes in the surface of the sieve grinding disc 32, the fly ash is ground for the second time through the relative movement between the lower grinding disc 24 and the filter screen 3, the grinding effect is further improved, meanwhile, large-particle fly ash sieved by the filter screen 3 can be ground again, and the condition that a large amount of large-particle fly ash is accumulated on the surface of the filter screen 3 to influence the screening efficiency of the filter screen 3 is avoided; by arranging the vibrating teeth 34 above the sieving and grinding disc 32, when the sieving and grinding disc 32 vibrates, the sieving and grinding disc 32 drives the vibrating teeth 34 to vibrate, the vibrating teeth 34 further drive the vibrating plate 35 to vibrate, and the downward flow of the fly ash is promoted and the fly ash is simultaneously vibrated and ground through the vibration between the vibrating plate 35 and the lower grinding disc 24; by arranging the balls 36 uniformly on the upper surface of the vibration plate 35, when the vibration plate 35 and the lower grinding disc 24 are ground in a relatively vibrating manner, the problem of abrasion between the vibration plate 35 and the lower grinding disc 24 can be greatly reduced by rolling the balls 36; through the arrangement of the drawing box 14 and the arrangement of the screening block 15 in the drawing box 14 above, the upper surface of the screening block 15 is designed to be a conical structure, the fly ash falling through the leak hole can directly fall into the screening block 15, the pulverized coal ash after grinding has the phenomenon of uneven grinding thickness, and through the weight difference of thick and thin particles, when larger-particle fly ash falls into the surface of the screening block 15, the pulverized coal ash can quickly fall into the drawing box 14 at the upper position, and for smaller-particle fly ash, the pulverized coal ash can fall into the drawing box 14 at the lower position through the screening hole, so that the separation of the pulverized coal ash in a thick and thin state is realized; through the upper surface design with the head stone 21 be the arc structure, make and add the inside fly ash of casing 1 and can roll down through head stone 21, because the fly ash of adding all is located one side position of casing 1, lead to the inhomogeneous problem of fly ash distribution like this, influence grinding efficiency, set up the helicla flute in the top at head stone 21, when the fly ash is added to head stone 21 top, fly ash can flow into the inside of helicla flute, rotation through head stone 21, can make the inside fly ash of helicla flute by even throwing away, the leading-in homogeneity of fly ash has been improved.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash is characterized in that: the production process comprises the following steps:
s1: fully grinding the fly ash by a grinding machine, screening large particles which are not fully ground to obtain fine fly ash, mixing the fine fly ash with water, adding hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 3-5, reacting for 60-70min at the reaction temperature of 50-70 ℃, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-20min at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ to separate solid fly ash from a solution, then performing neutralization washing on the separated solid, and drying to obtain decalcified fly ash;
s2: adding a composite sodium assistant and water into the decalcified fly ash obtained in the step S1, mixing, treating for 10-15min by a microwave activation technology, and crushing and sieving by a grinder to obtain first activated fly ash;
s3: adding the first activated fly ash obtained in the step S1 into a calcining furnace, fully calcining at the high temperature of 800-1000 ℃, wherein the calcining time is not less than 1.5h, and crushing and sieving by a grinder after calcining to obtain second activated fly ash;
s4: adding the second activated fly ash obtained in the step S3 into acid liquor for acid leaching, filtering after reaction to obtain an aluminum-containing solution, repeatedly adding the aluminum-containing solution into the second activated fly ash, supplementing hydrochloric acid, leaching aluminum by circulating acid to obtain an aluminum-rich solution, adding alkaline salt into the aluminum-rich solution for polymerization reaction, and performing aging reaction to obtain polyaluminum chloride;
wherein the grinder used in S1 comprises a shell (1), a motor (2) and a filter screen (3); the shell (1) is designed into a cylindrical structure; a working cavity is formed in the shell (1); the upper surface of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a power box at the axial position of the shell (1); a motor (2) is fixedly connected inside the power box; the upper surface of the shell (1) is provided with an annular groove at the periphery of the power box; a material guide funnel (11) is fixedly connected inside the annular groove; the upper surface of the interior of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a connecting block at a position right below the motor (2); an upper grinding disc (21) is rotatably connected below the connecting block; guide holes are formed in the shell (1) and the connecting block at the axial line position of the motor (2); the inner parts of the guide holes are rotatably connected with rotating columns, and the rotating columns are communicated with an output shaft of the motor (2) and the upper grinding disc (21); the inner arc surface of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a fixed ring (22) at the position below the upper grinding disc (21); the inner arc surface of the fixing ring (22) is fixedly connected with an annular guide block (23); a lower grinding disc (24) is arranged in the shell (1) at the position of the fixed ring (22); an annular groove is formed in the outer arc surface of the lower grinding disc (24) at the position of the annular guide block (23), and the annular guide block (23) is connected to the inside of the annular groove in a sliding manner; uniformly arranged springs (25) are fixedly connected between the lower grinding disc (24) and the fixed ring (22); the side surface of one side of the upper grinding disc (21) opposite to the lower grinding disc (24) is designed into a spherical structure; the side surface of the upper surface of the lower grinding disc (24), which is close to the lower grinding disc (24), is fixedly connected with first stop blocks (26) which are uniformly arranged; a second stop block (27) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the upper grinding disc (21); through holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the upper direction and the lower direction of the surface of the lower grinding disc (24); the inner arc surface of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a supporting block (31) at the position below the lower grinding disc (24); the side surface of one side of the supporting block (31) opposite to the lower grinding disc (24) is designed into a spherical structure; a leak hole is formed in the surface of the supporting block (31) at the axis position of the shell (1); a filter screen (3) is fixedly connected inside the leakage hole; a cleaning hole is formed in the position, close to the lower surface of the shell (1), of the right side surface of the shell (1); a sealing door (12) is rotatably connected inside the cleaning hole; the lower surface of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with supporting legs (13) which are uniformly arranged.
2. The clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the lower surface of the lower grinding disc (24) is fixedly connected with a fixing column at the axial position of the lower grinding disc (24); the lower surface of the fixing column is fixedly connected with a screening and grinding disc (32); an elastic ring (33) is fixedly connected to the position above the filter screen (3) in the leak hole, and the elastic ring (33) is fixedly connected with the sieve grinding disc (32); the surface of the screening and grinding disc (32) is provided with small holes which are uniformly distributed in the up-down direction.
3. The clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash as claimed in claim 2, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the upper surface of the screening disc (32) is fixedly connected with vibrating teeth (34) which are uniformly arranged at the position close to the outer arc surface of the screening disc (32); the upper surface of supporting shoe (31) is equipped with vibrations board (35), and fixed connection between vibrations board (35) and the intrados of casing (1).
4. The clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash as claimed in claim 3, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the upper surface of the vibration plate (35) is provided with ball grooves which are uniformly distributed; the interior of the ball groove is connected with a ball (36) in a rolling way.
5. The clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: a sliding groove is formed in the position, close to the lower surface of the shell (1), of the front end surface of the shell (1); the number of the sliding grooves is two, and the sliding grooves are distributed up and down; the inner parts of the two sliding grooves are both connected with a drawing box (14) in a sliding way; the lower surface of the supporting block (31) is fixedly connected with a guide post at the position of the leak hole; a mounting hole is formed in the position right below the guide post in the drawing box (14) at the upper position; a screening block (15) is fixedly connected inside the mounting hole; the upper surface of the screening block (15) is designed to be a conical structure; the surface of the screening block (15) is provided with screening holes which are uniformly distributed in the up-down direction; the lower surface of the screening block (15) is provided with a baffle groove; and a stop block is fixedly connected inside the stop groove.
6. The clean production process for preparing polyaluminium chloride by using fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the upper surface of the upper grinding disc (21) is designed to be an arc-shaped structure; the upper surface of the upper grinding disc (21) is provided with a spiral groove, and the spiral groove uniformly scatters the raw materials above the upper grinding disc (21) to the periphery of the upper grinding disc (21).
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| CN202010841324.3A CN112028099A (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Clean production process for preparing polyaluminum chloride from fly ash |
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| CN202010841324.3A CN112028099A (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Clean production process for preparing polyaluminum chloride from fly ash |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114823110A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-29 | 北矿磁材（阜阳）有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-performance rare earth permanent magnet material |
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Application publication date: 20201204 |