CN112026237A - 一种全过程土壤自动压片装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种全过程土壤自动压片装置,涉及土壤压片技术领域,可以包括装置本体,装置本体的底部设置有压片平台,压片平台上设置有第一工位、第二工位和第三工位,第一工位上设置有加热装置;装置本体的顶部设置有顶板,顶板上安装有碎土刀和压头,碎土刀和压头分别对应设置于第一工位和第二工位的上方;压片平台上还转动安装有凹槽盘,凹槽盘上设置有制样凹槽和清洗凹槽,制样凹槽和清洗凹槽与第一工位、第二工位或第三工位的位置相对应,制样凹槽和清洗凹槽上分别用于放置土样容器和清洗容器。本发明解决了土壤制样过程复杂、繁琐的问题,将各个过程所需要的结构整合在一起,实现热干燥、粉末化、压紧自动完成。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及土壤压片技术领域,特别是涉及一种全过程土壤自动压片装置。
背景技术
土壤压片是评估土壤肥力、检测土壤重金属污染等实验中常需要用到的一种样本形态及样本制备方法。为获得良好的实验结果,压片样本常需要制备多组,每组又需要重复制备多个,因此所需植被的样本总量就很大。但目前最常见的土壤压片制备方式是人工一步步进行筛分、研磨、干燥、压片等步骤,待制备样本多的情况下将花费大量人力。
因此,亟需一种能够实现全过程土壤自动压片的装置,以解决现有技术所存在的上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种全过程土壤自动压片装置,以解决土壤制样过程复杂、繁琐的问题,将各个过程所需要的结构整合在一起,实现热干燥、粉末化、压紧自动完成。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下方案:本发明提供一种全过程土壤自动压片装置,包括装置本体,所述装置本体的底部设置有压片平台,所述压片平台上设置有第一工位、第二工位和第三工位,所述第一工位上设置有加热装置;所述装置本体的顶部设置有顶板,所述顶板上安装有碎土刀和压头,所述碎土刀和所述压头分别对应设置于所述第一工位和所述第二工位的上方;所述压片平台上还转动安装有凹槽盘,所述凹槽盘上设置有制样凹槽和清洗凹槽,所述制样凹槽和清洗凹槽与所述第一工位、第二工位或第三工位的位置相对应,所述制样凹槽和清洗凹槽上分别用于放置土样容器和清洗容器。
优选的,所述土样容器的内部呈碗状,所述土样容器采用铁质材料制成;所述土样容器的外壁四面底部设置有外支板,用于使所述土样容器平稳固定于所述制样凹槽内。
优选的,所述清洗凹槽转动设置于所述凹槽盘上,所述清洗容器的内部呈碗状,所述清洗容器的外壁四面底部设置有外支板,所述清洗容器固定于所述清洗凹槽内,并随所述清洗凹槽转动;所述清洗容器的内底部还布有毛刷。
优选的,所述加热装置为电磁加热器。
优选的,所述顶板上安装有碎土刀架,所述碎土刀架位于所述第一工位上方,所述顶板上设置有滑道,所述碎土刀架的顶部连接有升降装置,所述升降装置带动所述碎土刀架沿着所述滑道上下移动;所述碎土刀架的底部四周有密封槽,用于与所述土样容器的边缘贴合,形成密闭空间;所述碎土刀转动安装于所述碎土刀架上。
优选的,所述压头的顶部连接有升降装置,所述升降装置带动所述压头沿着所述顶板上的滑道上下移动,所述压头的下部尺寸小于所述土样容器的内径,用于伸入所述土样容器内部压实土壤。
优选的,所述升降装置为伸缩杆或旋转螺杆。
优选的,还包括有筛网,所述筛网用于盖于所述土样容器上,对土壤样本中杂物进行筛分。
优选的,所述第一工位、所述第二工位以及所述第三工位间隔120°呈三角形均匀布置,所述制样凹槽设置有两个,所述清洗凹槽和两个所述制样凹槽间隔120°呈三角形均匀布置;所述装置本体的顶板上设置有弧形缺口,所述弧形缺口位于所述第三工位的上方。
优选的,所述全过程土壤自动压片装置用于对易粉化样本进行压片。
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下有益技术效果:
本发明能解决土壤制样过程复杂、繁琐的问题,相较于传统的土壤压片分步制作、人工研磨、压片方式,装置将各个过程所需要的结构整合在一起,实现热干燥、粉末化、压紧自动完成;装置配有土样容器,一样本一容器,且装置能自清洁,可避免不同批次样本间的交叉污染;装置整体设计结构紧凑,尺寸相对较小,便于移动、携带;另外使用场景多样,除土壤样本压片外,还能够实现面粉、干有机肥等易粉化样本的压片制备。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明全过程土壤自动压片装置的结构示意图;
图2为本发明全过程土壤自动压片装置的俯视图;
图3为本发明土样容器的俯视图;
图4为本发明土样容器和筛网示意图;
图5为本发明清洗容器的结构示意图;
图中,1.筛网,2.土样容器,3.清洗容器,4.碎土刀架,5.碎土刀,6.加热装置,7.制样凹槽,8.清洗凹槽,9.压头,10.凹槽盘,A.第三工位,B.第一工位,C.第二工位。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
如图1-5所示,本实施例提供一种全过程土壤自动压片装置,包括装置本体,装置本体的底部设置有压片平台,压片平台上设置有第一工位B、第二工位C和第三工位A,第一工位B上设置有加热装置6;装置本体的顶部设置有顶板,顶板上安装有碎土刀5和压头9,碎土刀5和压头9分别对应设置于第一工位B和第二工位C的上方;压片平台上还转动安装有凹槽盘10,具体地,在压片平台的中部设置有一个中轴,凹槽盘10的底部转动安装于中轴上;凹槽盘10上设置有制样凹槽7和清洗凹槽8,制样凹槽7和清洗凹槽8与第一工位B、第二工位C或第三工位A的位置相对应,制样凹槽7和清洗凹槽8上分别用于放置土样容器2和清洗容器3。
在本实施例中,土样容器2内部呈碗状,材料含铁质,其外壁四面底部有外支板,能够平稳固定于制样凹槽7内;筛网1为与土样容器2配套的独立结构,可紧密盖于土样容器2上用于土壤样本中杂物筛分。
在本实施例中,清洗容器3与土样容器2尺寸相同、外形相似,能够固定于清洗凹槽8内并跟随清洗凹槽8旋转,另外清洗容器内底部还布有毛刷;清洗凹槽8其自身能够旋转,从而带动清洗容器3及毛刷对碎土刀5、压头9进行清洁;具体地,清洗凹槽8的底部通过转轴安装于凹槽盘上,可以通过电机等驱动装置带动清洗凹槽8旋转。
在本实施例中,碎土刀架4位于压片平台上部第一工位B,碎土刀架4能够沿着顶板上的滑道上下移动,碎土刀架4底部四周有密封槽,落下时能够与土样容器2边缘贴合,形成密闭空间;碎土刀5安装于碎土刀架4下方,在容器密闭时能够高速旋转,其中在碎土刀架上可以设置电机,用于带动碎土刀5转动。
在本实施例中,加热装置6位于压片平台底部第一工位B内,加热方式为电磁加热,通过加热铁质土样容器4,能够间接加热、干燥土壤样本。
在本实施例中,压头9位于压片平台第二工位C上部,压头9能够沿着滑道上下移动,压头下压的动力来源于压头内置的旋转螺杆,压头下部尺寸小于土样容器内径,能够伸入容器内部压实土壤。
在本实施例中,设置有两个制样凹槽7,两个制样凹槽7与一个清洗凹槽8均位于凹槽盘10上,间隔120°均匀布置,与工位分布方式相同,凹槽盘10能够绕压片平台中轴水平旋转,实现各环节的轮换。
进一步地,土壤样本仅为本实施例的一种使用场景,本实施例也可用于面粉、干有机肥等易粉化样本的压片制备。
本实施例自动压片制备过程如下:
1.土壤样本通过筛网1填入土样容器2,土样容器2放入凹槽盘10第三工位A的制样凹槽7中;
2.凹槽盘10旋转至第一工位B,碎土刀架4下降封闭土样容器2;
3.制样凹槽7下方加热装置6电磁加热土样容器2,同时碎土刀5高速旋转吹散搅拌土壤样品;
4.碎土刀架4升起,凹槽盘10旋转至第二工位C,由压头9对土样容器2内土壤样品进行压紧;
5.压头9抬起,凹槽盘10复位至第三工位A,完成一次土壤压制。
本实施例自清洗过程如下:
1.清洗液放入清洗容器3中,清洗容器3置于第三工位A的清洗凹槽8中;
2.凹槽盘10旋转至第一工位B,碎土刀架4下降使清洗容器3密闭;
3.碎土刀5低速顺、逆向旋转,清洗液带走碎土刀架4等部件上残留土壤粉末;
4.凹槽盘10旋转至第二工位C,压头9下降,清洗凹槽8带动清洗容器3旋转,清洗容器3底部毛刷的短毛擦去压头9底部残留;
5.压头9抬起,凹槽盘10复位至第三工位A,完成一次装置自清洗。
需要说明的是,对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内,不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
Claims (10)
1.一种全过程土壤自动压片装置,其特征在于:包括装置本体,所述装置本体的底部设置有压片平台,所述压片平台上设置有第一工位、第二工位和第三工位,所述第一工位上设置有加热装置;所述装置本体的顶部设置有顶板,所述顶板上安装有碎土刀和压头,所述碎土刀和所述压头分别对应设置于所述第一工位和所述第二工位的上方;所述压片平台上还转动安装有凹槽盘,所述凹槽盘上设置有制样凹槽和清洗凹槽,所述制样凹槽和清洗凹槽与所述第一工位、第二工位或第三工位的位置相对应,所述制样凹槽和清洗凹槽上分别用于放置土样容器和清洗容器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的全过程土壤自动压片装置,其特征在于:所述土样容器的内部呈碗状,所述土样容器采用铁质材料制成;所述土样容器的外壁四面底部设置有外支板,用于使所述土样容器平稳固定于所述制样凹槽内。
3.根据权利要求1所述的全过程土壤自动压片装置,其特征在于:所述清洗凹槽转动设置于所述凹槽盘上,所述清洗容器的内部呈碗状,所述清洗容器的外壁四面底部设置有外支板,所述清洗容器固定于所述清洗凹槽内,并随所述清洗凹槽转动;所述清洗容器的内底部还布有毛刷。
4.根据权利要求2述的全过程土壤自动压片装置,其特征在于:所述加热装置为电磁加热器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的全过程土壤自动压片装置,其特征在于:所述顶板上安装有碎土刀架,所述碎土刀架位于所述第一工位上方,所述顶板上设置有滑道,所述碎土刀架的顶部连接有升降装置,所述升降装置带动所述碎土刀架沿着所述滑道上下移动;所述碎土刀架的底部四周有密封槽,用于与所述土样容器的边缘贴合,形成密闭空间;所述碎土刀转动安装于所述碎土刀架上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的全过程土壤自动压片装置,其特征在于:所述压头的顶部连接有升降装置,所述升降装置带动所述压头沿着所述顶板上的滑道上下移动,所述压头的下部尺寸小于所述土样容器的内径,用于伸入所述土样容器内部压实土壤。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的全过程土壤自动压片装置,其特征在于:所述升降装置为伸缩杆或旋转螺杆。
8.根据权利要求1所述的全过程土壤自动压片装置,其特征在于:还包括有筛网,所述筛网用于盖于所述土样容器上,对土壤样本中杂物进行筛分。
9.根据权利要求1所述的全过程土壤自动压片装置,其特征在于:所述第一工位、所述第二工位以及所述第三工位间隔120°呈三角形均匀布置,所述制样凹槽设置有两个,所述清洗凹槽和两个所述制样凹槽间隔120°呈三角形均匀布置;所述装置本体的顶板上设置有弧形缺口,所述弧形缺口位于所述第三工位的上方。
10.根据权利要求1所述的全过程土壤自动压片装置,其特征在于:所述全过程土壤自动压片装置用于对易粉化样本进行压片。
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WO2022041655A1 (zh) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-03 | 浙江大学 | 一种全过程土壤自动压片装置 |
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