CN112024913A

CN112024913A - Multifunctional telescopic servo water truck electric spindle

Info

Publication number: CN112024913A
Application number: CN202011111071.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张兆富
Original assignee: Taizhou Shenying Machine Tool Co ltd
Current assignee: Taizhou Shenying Machine Tool Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-16
Filing date: 2020-10-16
Publication date: 2020-12-04

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machines, in particular to a multifunctional telescopic servo water wagon electric spindle which is used for carrying out non-contact waterproof, dustproof and sealing and can quickly and comprehensively cool a cutter and the heat of a workpiece in the cutting process, thereby improving the surface processing quality of the workpiece and prolonging the service life of the cutter; it includes the sleeve, the main shaft, decide the rotor subassembly, electricity main shaft encoder and cooling system, preceding bearing group and back bearing group are installed respectively to the front portion and the rear portion of main shaft, preceding bearing group constitutes holistic seal chamber jointly with sleeve and the bearing cap that is located the sleeve both ends with the back bearing group, waterproof cover is fixed on the main shaft and can rotate along with the main shaft, waterproof cover forms labyrinth waterproof construction with preceding gland recess, be provided with airtight ring channel and labyrinth seal groove between waterproof cover and the preceding gland, cooling system is including evenly setting up the coolant liquid passageway on the sleeve and setting up eight cooling nozzles on the box.

Description

Multifunctional telescopic servo water truck electric spindle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machines, in particular to a multifunctional telescopic servo water truck electric spindle.

Background

As is well known, an electric spindle is an integral spindle unit in which a high-speed motor is built in a spindle box, and a rotor of the motor drives a spindle to rotate together, thereby achieving electromechanical integration. The traditional electric main shaft is used at the front end of a main shaft of a machine tool, and a bearing and a stator and a rotor inside the electric main shaft are strictly required and cannot be filled with water.

Most of commercial servo waterwheel spindles are driven by externally-hung motors and transmission belts, the transmission structure is complex, the occupied size is large, the stability is poor, parts are easy to break, the replacement is troublesome, and when an ordinary electric spindle with a stator works, a large amount of heat can be generated due to eddy current of the stator, high-speed operation of a bearing and frequent repeated telescopic friction of a sleeve, if heat cannot be dissipated timely, rapid temperature rise and thermal deformation can be generated, the highest rotating speed which can be reached by the electric spindle is influenced, the thermal deformation causes changes of rotation precision and feeding precision, and the bearing can be damaged, so that the stator, the bearing and the sleeve are required to be cooled in the machining process.

The sealing of the main shaft of the servo water mill and the electric main shaft with the stator on the market is too much by adopting a labyrinth type (common) sealing structure. However, when the spindle is operated at a low speed, the labyrinth seal effect is poor, and in addition, the common spindle has poor labyrinth seal effect due to the large gap between the spindle and the end cover.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a non-contact waterproof dustproof sealing structure, and in the processing process, the heat of a cutter and a workpiece and the cooling of a sleeve and a box body of the multifunctional telescopic servo water wheel electric spindle can be rapidly and comprehensively cooled, the processing quality of the surface of the workpiece is improved, the service life of the cutter and the service life of the electric spindle are prolonged, and the motor is arranged in the sleeve of the spindle, so that the structure is more precise, the volume is small, the transmission structure is simpler, and the working efficiency is higher.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multifunctional telescopic electric spindle of a servo waterwheel comprises a box body, a sleeve, a spindle, a fixed rotor component, an electric spindle encoder, an electric spindle unit cooling system and a circular jet cooling system on the box body, wherein a front bearing group and a rear bearing group are respectively installed at the front part and the rear part of the spindle, a front gland is arranged on the front bearing group, the sleeve, the front gland positioned at the front end of the sleeve and a push plate positioned at the rear end of the sleeve jointly form an integral sealing cavity, the fixed rotor component is installed between the front bearing group and the rear bearing group, the fixed rotor component is connected with the spindle and can drive the spindle to rotate, the front bearing group is provided with a front gland, one side of the front gland is clamped with a waterproof cover through a chuck positioning pin, the waterproof cover is fixed on the spindle and can rotate along with the spindle, a convex edge designed on the waterproof cover and the inner side and the outer side form a double labyrinth, so that the waterproof cover can block a large amount of, preceding gland is fixed through many hexagon socket head cap screws of a hollow hexagon socket head cap screw with the sleeve to it is sealed all to be equipped with the O shape sealing washer that prevents leaking between sleeve and preceding gland and push pedal, cooling system is including evenly setting up the coolant liquid passageway on the sleeve and setting up eight cooling nozzles on the box, and coolant liquid, cooling gas cool off the machined part through the nozzle after passing through cooling channel on the box in the work, and box self has also cooled off, and coolant liquid passageway both sides are provided with coolant liquid import and high-pressure universal nozzle respectively.

Preferably, the double-labyrinth sealing structure comprises an air-tight sealing ring groove and a labyrinth sealing groove which are arranged between the waterproof cover and the front gland, an intercepting groove and a drain hole are arranged around the labyrinth sealing groove, a plug is arranged between the intercepting groove and the drain hole, and the gap between a protruding flange of the waterproof cover and a groove of the front gland is 0.05 mm.

Preferably, the double-labyrinth sealing structure comprises an inclined annular groove arranged at a contact position between the waterproof cover and the lower portion of the front gland, a water throwing groove is arranged between the waterproof cover and the main shaft and corresponds to an intercepting groove on the front gland, a plurality of water outlets are arranged below the intercepting groove and communicated with the water outlets.

Preferably, be provided with waste oil drain outlet and lubricating oil import on the box, and waste oil drain outlet can be according to the installation direction of waterwheel electricity main shaft from axial or radial drain outlet oil extraction.

Preferably, the bearings of the front bearing set and the rear bearing set are angular contact bearings, and the single-row cylindrical roller bearings, the double-row cylindrical roller bearings and the like can be selected according to actual working conditions.

Preferably, the cooling liquid channels are provided with eight groups, and the cooling liquid inlets of the eight groups of cooling liquid channels can be 8 cooling liquid inlets, 8 air inlets or 4 liquid inlets and 4 air inlets.

Preferably, the rear end of the sleeve on the telescopic bearing end cover is provided with a push plate, the push plate is provided with a sleeve cooling inlet, a sleeve cooling outlet, an airtight inlet, an encoder aviation socket and a power aviation socket, the encoder aviation socket and the power aviation socket are both positioned behind the push plate, and the shaft wall of the electric spindle is provided with an electric spindle encoder.

Preferably, the front gland and the sleeve are fixed through 7 +1 hollow hexagon socket head cap screws.

Preferably, the bottom of the push plate is provided with a first channel, a second channel and a third channel, two lateral surfaces of the push plate are respectively provided with a process hole, the first channel and the third channel are respectively communicated with the cooling inlet and the cooling outlet through the process holes on the lateral sides of the push plate, and the second channel is communicated with the air-tight seal inlet.

Preferably, the front end interface of the main shaft can be provided with NT, BT, HSK and ER expanding knife structures.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional telescopic servo water truck electric spindle, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle, a large amount of cutting fluid can be blocked through the waterproof cover, the waterproof cover and the groove of the gland form a labyrinth waterproof structure, and the gap between the protruding flange of the waterproof cover and the groove of the gland is smaller than 0.05mm, so that the probability of water and dust inlet is very low, and the waterproof and dustproof effects are good; meanwhile, the gas enters a gas cavity designed in the front cover through a hollow inner hexagonal screw, gas is gathered and then enters a designed annular groove with an O-shaped section from a small gas hole to form an annular gas sealing ring, and a small amount of dust and liquid which can enter the annular groove can be effectively prevented from entering the main shaft.

2. This multi-functional telescopic servo waterwheel electricity main shaft, cooling channel circumference distribution through setting up 8 ring spouts is peripheral outside the box hole, make the coolant liquid can take away the heat that the friction arouses when passing through 8 cooling channel, dispel the heat to the box, box heat altered shape has been reduced, the machining precision has been improved, the processing stability has been guaranteed, coolant liquid can erode cutter and work piece in the simultaneous cutting process, make dust and oil mist dirty and coolant liquid fuse together, discharge together along with the coolant liquid at last, reach the effect of good dust fall except that the oil mist.

3. The cooling liquid cools the cutter and the workpiece through the rotary joint and the hollow pull rod penetrating through the main shaft, the cutter is hollow, and the cooling liquid cools the cutter.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a right side schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of the front waterproof structure of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of another example of the front waterproof structure of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of the push plate of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of FIG. 7;

fig. 10 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 9.

In the figure: 1. a sleeve; 2. a main shaft; 3. a stator-rotor assembly; 4. an electric spindle encoder; 5. a cooling system; 6. a front bearing set; 7. a rear bearing set; 8. a front gland; 9. a waterproof cover; 10. a hexagon socket head cap screw; 11. a box body; 12. an O-shaped sealing ring; 13. hermetically sealing the annular groove; 14. a labyrinth seal groove; 15. a cut-off groove; 16. a drain hole; 17. a plug; 18. a coolant passage; 19. a coolant inlet; 20. a high pressure universal nozzle; 21. a waste oil drain port; 22. a lubricating oil inlet; 23. a sleeve cooling inlet; 24. a sleeve cooling outlet; 25. an air-tight seal inlet; 26. an encoder aviation socket; 27. a power aviation socket; 28. pushing the plate; 29. a throttling gullet; 30. an annular groove; 31. a water throwing groove; 32. a water outlet; 33. a gas channel; 34. a groove; 36. a fabrication hole; 37. a first channel; 38. a second channel; 39. a third channel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, a multifunctional telescopic electric spindle of a servo waterwheel comprises a sleeve 1, a spindle 2, a stator-rotor assembly 3, an electric spindle encoder 4 and a cooling system 5, wherein a front bearing assembly 6 and a rear bearing assembly 7 are respectively installed at the front part and the rear part of the spindle 2, the front end interface of the spindle can be provided with NT, BT, HSK and ER expanding cutter structures, the front bearing assembly 6 and the rear bearing assembly 7, the sleeve 1 and bearing end covers positioned at two ends of the sleeve 1 form an integral sealed cavity together, the stator-rotor assembly 3 is installed between the front bearing assembly 6 and the rear bearing assembly 7, the stator-rotor assembly 3 is connected with the spindle 2 and can drive the spindle 2 to rotate, the front bearing assembly 6 is provided with a front gland 8, and a waterproof cover 9 is clamped at one side of the front gland 8 through a chuck positioning pin, wherein the waterproof cover 9 is positioned by an inner hole and an outer circle at the front end of the spindle and is fixed at, the electric spindle encoder 4 is arranged on the shaft wall of the electric spindle 2, the cooling system 5 comprises a cooling liquid channel 18 uniformly arranged on the sleeve 1, two sides of the cooling liquid channel 18 are respectively provided with a cooling liquid inlet 19 and a high-pressure universal nozzle 20, the cooling liquid can take away heat caused by friction when passing through 8 cooling channels, the heat dissipation of the box body is realized, the thermal deformation of the box body is reduced, the processing precision is improved, the processing stability is ensured, the sleeve 1 is provided with a waste oil drain outlet 21 and a lubricating oil inlet 22, the waste oil drain outlet 21 can discharge oil from the axial or radial drain outlet 21 according to the installation direction of the electric spindle 2 of the water turbine, the electric spindle 2 is convenient to use, and the bearings of the front bearing group 6 and the rear bearing group 7 adopt angular contact bearings, the single-row cylindrical roller bearing and the double-row cylindrical roller bearing can be selected according to actual working conditions, selectivity is improved, the cooling liquid channels 18, 8 cooling liquid inlets 19 of eight groups of cooling liquid channels 18 can be selected for use, 8 air inlets can also be selected for use, or 4 liquid 4 air inlets can be selected for use, the cooling mode can be adjusted according to requirements, sleeve cooling inlets 23, sleeve cooling outlets 24, air sealing inlets 25, encoder aviation sockets 26 and power aviation sockets 27 are arranged on bearing end covers of the sleeve 1, and the encoder aviation sockets (26) and the power aviation sockets (27) are located behind a push plate (28).

Referring to fig. 5, in a waterproof structure of the present application, an air-tight annular groove 13 and a labyrinth seal groove 14 are disposed between a waterproof cover 9 and a front gland 8, a cut-off groove 15 and a drain hole 16 are disposed around the labyrinth seal groove 14, and a plug 17 is disposed between the cut-off groove 15 and the drain hole 16, if water enters the labyrinth seal groove 14, the water finally enters the cut-off groove 15 and flows out from the drain hole 16, a protruding edge and inner and outer sides of the waterproof cover 9 are designed to form a double labyrinth, so that the waterproof cover 9 blocks a large amount of cutting fluid, the waterproof cover 9 and a groove of the front gland 8 form a labyrinth waterproof structure, and a gap between a protruding flange of the waterproof cover 9 and a groove of the front gland 8 is 0.05mm, and a gap of 0.05mm is relatively small, so that the probability of water and dust entering is low, and the waterproof and dustproof effects are.

Referring to fig. 6, in another waterproof structure of the present application, an inclined annular groove 30 is formed at a contact portion between the waterproof cover 9 and the lower portion of the front gland 8 to perform a function of rotating and guiding water to the drain hole 16 of the front gland 8 for draining, a water throwing groove 31 is formed between the waterproof cover 9 and the main shaft, the water throwing groove 31 corresponds to the shutoff groove 15 formed in the front gland 8, a plurality of water draining ports 32 are formed below the shutoff groove 15, water in the water throwing groove 31 is thrown to the shutoff groove 15 and then drained from the water draining port 32 below the shutoff groove 15, and when the cutting fluid pressure is high, a small amount of body fluid may be rebounded to the waterproof cover 9 by other objects.

Preferably, the sleeve 1 is provided with a gas channel 33, dry compressed air is introduced into the gas channel 33, the hollow hexagon socket head cap screw 10 enters the groove 34 at the front gland and forms an annular cavity with the waterproof cover 9, the gas forms a high pressure region after being compressed in the annular cavity and flows out of the outside after entering a gap between the front gland 8 and the waterproof cover 9 to form a gas curtain seal for blowing gas from inside to outside, the gas channel 33 is sleeved with an O-shaped sealing ring 12, the O-shaped sealing ring 12 is positioned between the sleeve 1 and the front gland 8 and the push plate 28, the hollow hexagon socket head cap screw 10 enters the gas cavity designed for the front cover to collect the gas and then enters the annular groove 13 designed with the O-shaped cross section from the small gas hole to form an annular gas sealing ring, so that a small amount of dust and liquid which can enter is effectively prevented, and the liquid is difficult to enter the groove 34.

Preferably, a triangular throttling tooth groove 29 is formed in the upper portion of the inner wall of the waterproof cover 9, a gap between the waterproof cover and the front gland is about 0.1mm, the waterproof cover and the front gland generate a step-by-step throttling effect through viscous friction of media and energy conversion, the direction of direct high-pressure flushing is avoided, the gap between the waterproof cover and the front gland is arranged on the back of the flushing direction, only a small amount of rebounded liquid can pass through, and the water inlet probability is greatly reduced.

Referring to fig. 7-10, a first channel 37, a second channel 38 and a third channel 39 are arranged at the bottom of the push plate 28, two process holes 36 are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the push plate, the first channel 37 and the third channel 39 are respectively communicated with the cooling inlet 23 and the cooling outlet 24 through process holes on the side edges of the push plate, the second channel 38 is communicated with the airtight inlet 25, so that the cooling liquid inlet and outlet are communicated with the cooling circulation inlet and outlet of the sleeve, the cooling liquid in the cooling process enters the push plate 28 through the cooling inlet 23, reaches the sealed cavities of the push plate 28 and the sleeve 3 through the first channel 37, and enters the cooling liquid channel 18 communicated with the sealed cavities, at this time, the cooling liquid entering the cooling liquid channel 18 uniformly arranged on the sleeve 3 returns to the sealed cavities after cooling the sleeve 3, and reaches the cooling outlet 24 after passing through the interior of the push plate, so as to form circulation cooling, the gas-tight gas enters the second passage 38 through the gas-tight inlet 25 to the push plate 28 and the sealed cavity of the sleeve 3 and then to the gas passage 33.

In conclusion, when the multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle is used, a large amount of cutting fluid can be blocked through the waterproof cover 9, the waterproof cover 9 and the gland groove form a labyrinth waterproof structure, meanwhile, through the design of the process hole and the inner hexagonal conical screw plug, gas enters the air passage of the sleeve 1 and is conveyed forwards to the front gland, the hollow inner hexagonal screw 10 also has the functions of fixing with the gland and guiding the gas, the gas enters the gas cavity designed by the front cover through the hollow inner hexagonal screw 10 to be gathered, and then enters the designed annular groove 13 with the O-shaped cross section from the small gas hole to form an annular gas sealing ring, so that a small amount of dust and liquid which can enter can be effectively prevented from entering; and through setting up 8 cooling channels that the ring spouts circumference and distributing around the outer periphery of box hole, make the coolant liquid can take away the friction when passing through 8 cooling channels and arouse the heat, dispel the heat to the box, box heat altered shape has been reduced, machining precision has been improved, machining stability has been guaranteed, coolant liquid can erode cutter and work piece in the cutting process, make dust and oil mist and coolant liquid fuse together, discharge together with the coolant liquid at last, reach the effect of good dust fall except that the oil mist, all radial size gaps of this seal structure are controlled within 0.1mm, produce throttle effect step by step, thereby two a plurality of wash ports realize labyrinth throttling seal + airtight liquid-proof.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, as the terms are used to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or components must be in a particular orientation, configuration, and operation in a particular orientation.

It is understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as meaning that a number of one element or element is one in one embodiment, while a number of other elements is one in another embodiment, and the terms "a" and "an" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as those of the present application, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional telescopic servo waterwheel electricity main shaft which characterized in that: comprises a sleeve (1), a main shaft (2), a box body (11) and a cooling system (5), wherein the front part and the rear part of the main shaft (2) are respectively provided with a front bearing group (6) and a rear bearing group (7), the front bearing group (6) is provided with a front gland (8), the sleeve (1), the front gland (8) positioned at the front end of the sleeve (1) and a push plate (28) positioned at the rear end of the sleeve jointly form an integral sealing cavity, one side of the front gland (8) is clamped with a waterproof cover (9), the waterproof cover (9) is provided with a convex edge which forms a double labyrinth with the inner side and the outer side, the front gland (8) is fixed with the sleeve (1), the waterproof cover (9) and a groove of the front gland (8) form a labyrinth waterproof structure, O-shaped sealing rings (12) are respectively arranged between the sleeve (1) and the front gland (8) and the push plate (28), and an annular groove (13) and a labyrinth sealing groove (14) are arranged between the waterproof cover (9, an intercepting groove (15) and a drain hole (16) are arranged around the labyrinth seal groove (14), a plug (17) is arranged between the intercepting groove (15) and the drain hole (16), the cooling system (5) comprises a cooling liquid channel (18) uniformly arranged on the sleeve (1), and a cooling liquid inlet (19) and a high-pressure universal nozzle (20) are respectively arranged on two sides of the cooling liquid channel (18).

2. The multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle of claim 1, wherein: be provided with waste oil drain hole (21) and lubricating oil import (22) on sleeve (1), and waste oil drain hole (21) can be according to the installation direction of waterwheel electricity main shaft from axial or radial drain hole oil extraction.

3. The multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle of claim 1, wherein: the double-labyrinth sealing structure comprises an air-tight sealing ring groove (13) and a labyrinth sealing groove (14) which are arranged between a waterproof cover (9) and a front gland (8), wherein an intercepting groove (15) and a drain hole (16) are arranged around the labyrinth sealing groove (14), a plug (17) is arranged between the intercepting groove (15) and the drain hole (16), and the groove gap between a protruding flange of the waterproof cover (9) and the front gland (8) is 0.05 mm.

4. The multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle of claim 1, wherein: the double-labyrinth sealing structure comprises an inclined annular groove (30) arranged at a contact part below the waterproof cover (9) and the front gland (8), a water throwing groove (31) is arranged between the waterproof cover (9) and the main shaft, the water throwing groove (31) corresponds to an intercepting groove (15) on the front gland (8), a plurality of water outlets (32) are arranged below the intercepting groove (15), and the water outlets (32) are communicated with the water draining holes (16).

5. The multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle of claim 1, wherein: and a triangular throttling tooth groove (29) is formed above the inner wall of the waterproof cover (9).

6. The multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle of claim 1, wherein: a fixed rotor component (3) is arranged between the front bearing group (6) and the rear bearing group (7), and the fixed rotor component (3) is connected with the main shaft (2) and drives the main shaft (2) to rotate.

7. The multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle of claim 1, wherein: eight groups of cooling liquid channels (18) are arranged.

8. The multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle of claim 1, wherein: a sleeve cooling inlet (23), a sleeve cooling outlet (24), an air sealing inlet (25), an encoder aviation socket (26) and a power aviation socket (27) are arranged on a bearing end cover of the box body (11), the encoder aviation socket (26) and the power aviation socket (27) are both located behind a push plate (28), and an electric spindle encoder (4) is installed on the shaft wall of the electric spindle (2).

9. The multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle of claim 1, wherein: the front gland (8) and the box body (11) are fixed through 7 +1 hollow hexagon socket screws (10), and the output ends of the hexagon socket screws (10) are inserted into the gas channel (33) on the box body (11).

10. The multifunctional telescopic servo waterwheel electric spindle of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the push plate (28) is provided with a first channel (37), a second channel (38) and a third channel (39), two lateral surfaces of the push plate are respectively provided with a process hole (36), the first channel (37) and the third channel (39) are respectively communicated with the cooling inlet (23) and the cooling outlet (24) through the process holes on the lateral side of the push plate, and the second channel (38) is communicated with the air-tight inlet (25).