CN112024586B - In-situ solidification and restoration method for contaminated site soil - Google Patents
In-situ solidification and restoration method for contaminated site soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112024586B CN112024586B CN202010776178.0A CN202010776178A CN112024586B CN 112024586 B CN112024586 B CN 112024586B CN 202010776178 A CN202010776178 A CN 202010776178A CN 112024586 B CN112024586 B CN 112024586B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ solidification restoration method for contaminated site soil, which comprises the following steps: finding out the position of a main axis and the geometric relation among all parts according to the general layout and the construction drawing, and establishing a construction measurement control network and a construction lofting method by combining the field conditions and the distribution of control points; conducting drainage on surface sewage before curing construction; adding a curing agent into the polluted soil, and stirring and curing in a construction area where the steel plate is laid by adopting in-situ curing equipment; and paving unpolluted soil in the stirred area, paving an impermeable film, and backfilling and compacting earthwork. The method is simple and easy to implement, low in operation cost, large in sludge solidification amount, small in disturbance to a field, free of sewage in the soil remediation process and capable of preventing secondary pollution, and the treatment depth can reach 20 m.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an in-situ solidification remediation method for soil in a polluted site, and belongs to the technical field of soil remediation.
Background
At present, cities are rapidly developed, the urban area range is expanded more and more rapidly, suburbs before a lot of cities are changed into urban areas, rural areas are changed into towns, and urbanization construction is a process of secondary development and utilization of land. When suburban or rural land is utilized, a large amount of unusable polluted land exists, which is a great problem of hindering the process of urbanization construction. Industrial and mining wasteland, refuse landfill, sludge disposal land and the like are polluted fields with very large occupied areas in suburbs or rural areas, and along with the enlargement of urban areas, the polluted fields need to be moved and treated, and the soil of the polluted fields is seriously polluted so that the land can not be utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the in-situ solidification and remediation method for the soil in the polluted site, the method is simple and easy to implement, the operation cost is low, the sludge solidification amount is large, the treatment depth can reach 20m, the disturbance to the site is small, no sewage is generated in the soil remediation process, and the secondary pollution is prevented.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an in-situ solidification and remediation method for contaminated site soil, which comprises the following steps:
finding out the position of a main axis and the geometric relation among all parts according to the general layout and the construction drawing, and establishing a construction measurement control network and a construction lofting method by combining the field conditions and the distribution of control points;
conducting drainage on surface sewage before curing construction;
adding a curing agent into the polluted soil, and stirring and curing in a construction area where the steel plate is laid by adopting in-situ curing equipment;
and paving unpolluted soil in the stirred area, paving an impermeable film, and backfilling and compacting earthwork.
Preferably, the method for establishing the construction measurement control net and the construction lofting specifically comprises the following steps: dividing the polluted site into 10m multiplied by 6m unit cells, dividing all the unit cells into a plurality of layers of construction areas, and performing the second layer only after the first layer of construction area is completed, and so on; after the cells and the construction area are well defined, a total station is adopted to measure and set control points, the color flags with different colors are used for marking, the angular points of the cells are determined by adopting a distance intersection method, and the marks are made by using lime.
Preferably, the sewage drainage guide method comprises the following steps: the vertical UPVC pipe with the diameter of 5cm is embedded at the corner point of the cell, the length of the vertical UPVC pipe is 1m, the horizontal UPVC pipe is connected with the lower end of the vertical UPVC pipe, the pipe diameter of the vertical UPVC pipe is 25cm, each layer of construction area is provided with one horizontal pipe, and the horizontal pipes are connected with a municipal sewage pipe network or a self-built adjusting tank.
Preferably, the ratio of the curing agent to the polluted soil is 0.1-0.3.
Preferably, the curing agent comprises cement, quicklime powder, mineral powder, an early strength agent and water, and the mass ratio of the components is cement: quicklime powder: mineral powder: early strength agent: water =5:2:0.5:0.2:1, or cement: quicklime powder: mineral powder: early strength agent: water =5:1:1:0.1:1, or cement: quicklime powder: mineral powder: early strength agent: water =5:2:1:0.3: 1.
Preferably, the in-situ solidification equipment comprises a stirrer, a host, a feeding background and a control terminal, wherein the stirrer is installed on the host, the host is connected with the feeding background through a conveying pipe, the feeding background is connected with the control terminal through the conveying pipe, the control terminal comprises a computer terminal and a material transferring tank, and the computer terminal is respectively connected with the material transferring tank, the feeding background, the host and the stirrer.
Preferably, the stirring adopts a double-section stirrer, the stirring speed is 120 r/min, and the stirring time is more than or equal to 0.2h/m3。
Preferably, the barrier membrane is a HDPE geomembrane.
Preferably, the paving thickness of the unpolluted soil is 500mm, and the paving thickness of the backfill earthwork is not more than 30cm and not less than 10 cm.
Preferably, the stirring and curing process also comprises deodorization and dust prevention, a deodorizer is adopted for high-position spraying deodorization, a dust cover and a net are additionally arranged in a working area, dust emission, odor and pollution gas are reduced, and water sprinkling is adopted for dust removal in the construction process.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
(1) deep stirring and high-efficiency curing: the large-scale stirring machine is adopted, and the double-section stirrer with the length of 20m is arranged on the main arm, so that the sludge can be deeply stirred, and the implementation is more convenient; the mechanical stirring is uniform, the in-situ operation is realized, the operation cost is low, and the sludge solidification efficiency is high.
(2) Accurate ash feeding, and small disturbance: the method comprises the following steps of conveying curing materials through multiple pipelines, adopting the curing materials with different proportions for different sludge, integrating a sensor in a machine, transmitting data such as flow of the curing materials to a control terminal, and accurately conveying the curing materials; and a special stirring head is adopted for three-dimensional stirring, so that the disturbance to the field is smaller.
(3) Safe and environment-friendly, and soil remediation: the process is simple to operate, does not produce sewage and secondary pollution in the construction process, is safe in process and is environment-friendly; after the soil is solidified and repaired, the field has the conditions for development and utilization again.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The invention relates to an in-situ solidification remediation method for soil in a polluted site, which adopts a special in-situ solidification equipment system and consists of four parts, namely a stirrer, a host, a feeding background and a control terminal.
A stirrer: the stirring device consists of a stirring head and a shaft arm, wherein the length of the shaft arm can reach 5-20m, so that the stirring depth is ensured; the stirring head adopts a horizontal roller type constant-speed streaming design, can perform three-dimensional stirring in soil, and has small disturbance and more uniformity.
A host computer: compared with the traditional excavator, the excavator adopting the DAC (intelligent) control system is improved in hydraulic drive, hydraulic control, stirring head connection and the like, an operator can control the rotating speed of the stirring head on the excavator arm to move up and down and left and right at will, and the output running state of the stirring head and the curing agent can be observed through the control system.
Feeding a background: the system adopts a PF (pressure) material conveying tank car which is a movable feeding background, the curing agent is proportioned and stirred in the feeding background, and a flow monitoring device is installed to realize intelligent control.
The control terminal: the system consists of a computer terminal and a material transferring tank, wherein the computer terminal can receive data such as flow and the like transmitted by field machinery, and can send a correction instruction to the front end to accurately control ash delivery flow so as to realize fine construction; the material transferring tank is used for ensuring that the material is continuously delivered to the feeding background, is connected with the control terminal to realize intelligent control, and mainly plays roles in storage and adjustment.
Curing agent feed line: the computer terminal commands the material transferring tank to respectively transmit the cement, the quicklime powder, the mineral powder, the early strength agent and the water to the mobile feeding background by using 5 material conveying pipes; the material is fed and the agent is stirred at the background to prepare 3 kinds of curing agents with the proportion, and all types of polluted soil can be cured basically; the feed background transmits 3 proportions of curing agents to a stirrer on the host through 3 feed conveying pipes respectively, the curing agents with corresponding proportions are sprayed according to soil properties, and the curing agents are sprayed while stirring.
The invention discloses an in-situ solidification restoration method for contaminated site soil, which comprises the following steps:
1. measuring cell
(1) The main axis position and the geometric relationship among all parts are found out according to the general layout and the construction drawing, then a reasonable construction survey control network and a construction lofting method are established by combining the site conditions and the distribution of control points, and the square grid survey or retest, the plane survey, the elevation survey, the settlement observation and the like are mainly carried out.
(2) Since the stirring machine has a treatment radius of 6-7m, the contaminated site is divided into 10m × 6m cells for construction work. If the character change of the polluted soil is large, the cells can be further subdivided according to the field condition and the technical requirement to ensure the stirring and curing effect. All the cells are divided into a plurality of layers of construction areas, and the second layer is carried out after the first layer of construction area is finished, and the rest can be done in the same way. After the cells and the construction area are well defined, a total station is adopted to measure and set control points, the color flags with different colors are used for marking, the angular points of the cells are determined by adopting a distance intersection method, and the marks are made by using lime.
Firstly, a flexible steel wire rope is fixed on a bucket of a long-arm back-hoe excavator, an iron chisel with the mass not less than 200kg is fixed at the lower end of the steel wire rope, the iron chisel is slowly and vertically sunk into the polluted soil at the corner of the cell, and then the length from the liquid level mark of the polluted soil on the steel wire rope to the bottom surface of the iron chisel is measured by a measuring tape, namely the actual depth of the polluted soil at the corner of the cell is obtained.
2. Sewage guide and drainage device
Due to reasons of atmospheric rainfall, surface runoff, organic matter degradation and the like, sewage can be generated on the surface layer of the polluted site, and the surface sewage is guided and discharged before solidification construction. Vertical UPVC pipes with the diameter of 5cm and transverse UPVC pipes with the length of 1m and the downward gradient of 0.002 (the pipe diameter is 25 cm) are embedded at corner points of the cells, one transverse pipe is arranged in each layer of construction area, and the transverse pipes are connected with a municipal sewage pipe network or a self-built adjusting tank.
3. The proportion and the dosage of the curing agent are determined
(1) The contaminated soil is sampled and analyzed at the corner points of the cells, the comprehensive soil characteristics of each cell are determined, and if the cell characteristics are relatively close, the corner points of sampling and analysis can be reduced, so that the current situation of the contaminated soil is known in detail.
(2) The main components of the curing agent are four categories: the structural agent is ordinary portland cement, the mineralizer is quicklime powder, the coagulant is mineral powder, and the early strength agent is inorganic salt. And (3) carrying out small test and pilot test by combining the property difference of the polluted soil, optimizing the proportion and the addition proportion of the curing agent, and screening out the specific proportion and the addition proportion of the agent suitable for various polluted soils. The test result shows that the curing effect is different when the curing agent is added in different proportions, the curing strength of the sludge is generally enhanced along with the increase of the curing agent addition proportion, and the addition proportion of each medicament is different according to the property difference of the sludge in each sludge pit.
(3) According to the curing process and the soil characteristics, the polluted soil is mainly divided into three types, and the requirements on the curing agent ratio are respectively cement: quicklime powder: mineral powder: early strength agent: water =5:2:0.5:0.2:1, 5:1:1:0.1:1, 5:2:1:0.3:1, the curing agent addition ratio being determined by the contaminated soil moisture content, typically by field testing.
4. Curing equipment in place
The excavator is used for salvaging the floating objects and other sundries on the surface of the polluted site, and the floating objects and other sundries are uniformly collected and then transferred to a designated treatment site so as to avoid influencing the operation of the stirring machinery.
The special in-situ curing equipment is arranged in place according to a construction scheme, the whole volume of an in-situ curing system equipment system is large, and a matching combination mode of background movement is adopted according to the actual conditions of site and foundation bearing capacity. The equipment system is divided into four parts according to the overall structure characteristics of the equipment system, namely a stirrer, host equipment, a feeding background and a control terminal, wherein the stirrer is installed on a host, and a pressure pipeline is used for conveying a curing material from a background feeding system to the stirrer to carry out in-situ curing on the polluted soil.
5. Regulation of feed
Because the in-situ solidification of the polluted soil needs a large amount of solidifying materials, in order to reduce the cost, effectively utilize resources and reliably and orderly ensure the supply of the solidifying materials, a material middle storage area is arranged in the field for storing the materials. Arranging full-time staff to be responsible for the management work of the materials, making records and strictly controlling the consumption of the materials; the adding precision of the curing material is ensured by weighing through an electronic batching scale or a platform scale during entering weighing and discharging; during construction, the curing agent is conveyed to the movable feeding background by the material transferring tank, and the background system conveys the curing agent to the stirring equipment through a pipeline according to the actual consumption of the stirring area. The material transferring tank is fixed at the periphery of a room of the control terminal, related flow data can be transmitted to the control terminal, and the material transferring tank belongs to the control terminal part.
6. In-situ stirring and solidifying
And after the surface sewage drainage guide is finished and the instrument debugging is finished, carrying out polluted soil curing construction, and stirring and curing in a construction area where the steel plate is laid by adopting in-situ curing equipment. The in-situ stirring and curing of the polluted soil are divided into two stages:
feeding and stirring for the first time: calculating the quantity of the added curing agent according to the volume of the polluted soil in the cell, wherein the ratio of the curing agent to the polluted soil is 0.1-0.3; and (2) conveying the curing agent to stirring equipment, sinking the curing agent into the polluted soil at a set speed by a constant-speed circumfluence stirring head, wherein the curing agent adopts a ratio determined by a pilot test, the rotating speed of the stirring head is 120 r/min, the stirring time is determined according to the soil consolidation strength, the stirring time is usually required to be more than or equal to 0.2h/m3, and the curing agent is injected while stirring to ensure uniform stirring.
Feeding and stirring for the second time: in order to make up for the deficiency of the first stirring, improve the utilization rate of the curing agent, achieve the effect of fully mixing the contaminated soil and the curing agent and the release of harmful gases, and then carry out the second stirring, the curing effect can be improved. The second agitation is similar to the first but does not require injection of the curing agent.
The power of the main machine ensures that the power and the torque of the stirrer are large and the stirrer is not easy to be wound by sundries in the polluted soil. The special designed horizontal roller type spiral stirring head is adopted, multi-angle stirring operation is carried out in the polluted soil by means of the long arm and the turning angle performance of the main machine, and a polluted soil solidification area is formed by matching with a solidifying agent output from a background.
After stirring of each cell is completed, due to the fact that the top surface of polluted soil descends, the deep layer maintenance age is long, index detection is conducted after 28d maintenance age, in order to prevent rainwater and uncured sludge from flowing back and the like to influence a stirred area during maintenance, unpolluted soil is paved in the stirred area, the thickness is controlled to be about 500mm, then steel plates are paved to form coverage, and construction of the next cell is facilitated.
7. Deodorizing and dustproof
(1) The contaminated soil can emit malodorous gas in the in-situ stirring and curing process, and can generate adverse stimulation to the olfactory sensation of people and animals. A deodorizing machine is arranged on site, a high-level spraying deodorizing technology is used, and a natural plant deodorant is selected as a deodorant used by the deodorizing machine, so that the all-dimensional covering deodorization is carried out on an operation area.
(2) Dust can be generated in the in-situ stirring process of the polluted soil, and the air quality is influenced. The dust cover and the net are covered in a working area, so that the dissipation of raised dust, odor and polluted gas due to mechanical disturbance is reduced, and water sprinkling is adopted for dust removal in the construction process.
8. Core-pulling detection
After the polluted soil is solidified and maintained, the solidified soil is sampled to perform self-checking analysis, a polluted soil sample is collected on the same point of each unit grid at a sampling frequency according to the depth every 3 m, and the polluted soil sample is sent to a laboratory to detect whether the intensity, pH and water content of the polluted soil reach the solidification target or not. If the standard is not met, the reason should be analyzed and the previous operation should be performed again.
9. Impermeable film laying
Before the HDPE geomembrane is laid, a film laying picture is compiled according to the field condition; laying the geomembrane according to the geomembrane laying drawing, which mainly comprises the processes of material cutting, trial welding, welding equipment debugging, anchoring, checking and accepting and the like; the film laying diagram needs to consider the topographic condition of a working face, the uneven part and the corner part of a field need to be calculated in detail, cross welding seams are reduced, stress concentration is reduced, local temperature factors and the like are considered before blanking, and expansion allowance is reserved; the width of the overlap of the film and the membrane should meet the specification.
10. Compaction is backfilled to earthwork
(1) After the impermeable membrane is laid, filling earthwork according to the full width of the cross section in a layered mode, filling from the lowest position, wherein the loose paving thickness is not more than 30cm and not less than 10 cm; the dump truck transports the earth to the site, the bulldozer flattens the unloaded earth, and places which cannot be flattened by machinery are flattened manually; according to the water content of the filler measured on site, when the water content exceeds +/-2% compared with the optimal water content, the filler needs to be sprayed with water or dried in the sun.
(2) Rolling by a vibratory roller, and properly overlapping and rolling from low to high and from edge to middle; in order to prevent pressure leakage, the overlapping width of the wheel tracks of the transverse joints is 15cm-25cm during rolling; in order to ensure the compaction quality, the water content and the compaction degree of the filled soil must be frequently checked, the filled soil is always rolled under the state of the optimal water content, and the cutting ring method or the sand filling method is adopted for detection, so that the compaction degree of the filled soil is ensured to be more than 90 percent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The in-situ solidification remediation method for the soil in the polluted site is characterized by comprising the following steps:
finding out the position of a main axis and the geometric relation among all parts according to the general layout and the construction drawing, and establishing a construction measurement control network and a construction lofting method by combining the field conditions and the distribution of control points;
conducting drainage on surface sewage before curing construction;
adding a curing agent into the polluted soil, and stirring and curing in a construction area where the steel plate is laid by adopting in-situ curing equipment; the in-situ solidification equipment comprises a stirrer, a host, a feeding background and a control terminal, wherein the stirrer is installed on the host, the host is connected with the feeding background through a conveying pipe, the feeding background is connected with the control terminal through the conveying pipe, the control terminal comprises a computer terminal and a material rotating tank, and the computer terminal is respectively connected with the material rotating tank, the feeding background, the host and the stirrer; the computer terminal commands the material transferring tank to respectively transmit the cement, the quicklime powder, the mineral powder, the early strength agent and the water to the mobile feeding background by using 5 material conveying pipes; the material is fed and the agent is stirred at the background to prepare 3 kinds of curing agents with the proportion, and all types of polluted soil can be cured basically; the feeding background respectively transmits 3 proportions of curing agents to a stirrer on the host through 3 conveying pipes, sprays the curing agents with corresponding proportions according to soil properties, and sprays the curing agents while stirring;
and paving unpolluted soil in the stirred area, paving an impermeable film, and backfilling and compacting earthwork.
2. The in-situ curing and repairing method for the contaminated site soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for establishing the construction measurement control net and the construction lofting specifically comprises the following steps: dividing the polluted site into 10m multiplied by 6m unit cells, dividing all the unit cells into a plurality of layers of construction areas, and performing the second layer only after the first layer of construction area is completed, and so on; after the cells and the construction area are well defined, a total station is adopted to measure and set control points, the color flags with different colors are used for marking, the angular points of the cells are determined by adopting a distance intersection method, and the marks are made by using lime.
3. The in-situ solidification remediation method for the contaminated site soil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sewage drainage guide method comprises the following steps: the vertical UPVC pipe with the diameter of 5cm is embedded at the corner point of the cell, the length of the vertical UPVC pipe is 1m, the horizontal UPVC pipe is connected with the lower end of the vertical UPVC pipe, the pipe diameter of the vertical UPVC pipe is 25cm, each layer of construction area is provided with one horizontal pipe, and the horizontal pipes are connected with a municipal sewage pipe network or a self-built adjusting tank.
4. The in-situ curing and repairing method for the contaminated site soil according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the curing agent to the contaminated soil is 0.1-0.3.
5. The in-situ curing and repairing method for the polluted site soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the curing agent comprises cement, quicklime powder, mineral powder, an early strength agent and water, and the mass ratio of the components is cement: quicklime powder: mineral powder: early strength agent: water =5:2:0.5:0.2:1, or cement: quicklime powder: mineral powder: early strength agent: water =5:1:1:0.1:1, or cement: quicklime powder: mineral powder: early strength agent: water =5:2:1:0.3: 1.
6. The in-situ solidification remediation method for the contaminated site soil according to claim 1, wherein a double-section stirrer is adopted for stirring, the stirring speed is 120 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is not less than 0.2h/m3。
7. The in-situ curing and repairing method for the contaminated site soil according to claim 1, wherein the impermeable membrane is an HDPE geomembrane.
8. The in-situ curing and repairing method for the contaminated site soil according to claim 1, wherein the paving thickness of the uncontaminated soil is 500mm, and the paving thickness of the backfill soil is not more than 30cm and not less than 10 cm.
9. The in-situ curing and repairing method for the polluted site soil according to claim 1, wherein the stirring and curing process further comprises deodorization and dust prevention, a high-position spraying deodorization is performed by using a deodorizer, a dust cover and a net are covered on a working area to reduce raised dust, odor and polluted gas, and water spraying is adopted for dust removal in the construction process.
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| CN104353666A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-02-18 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | In-situ stirring curing and repairing method for heavy metal polluted soil |
| CN108929004A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-12-04 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Sludge in-situ stabilizes solidification construction technology |
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