CN112021259A - Fattening method for barn feeding breeding mutton sheep - Google Patents
Fattening method for barn feeding breeding mutton sheep Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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- Physiology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fattening method for barn feeding mutton sheep, which provides a specific feeding and feeding management scheme during the fattening period of mutton sheep from weaning of 45-60 days old to slaughtering of about 5-6 months old, integrates the mutton sheep premix, the ration formula and the fattening method, is safe and reasonable, enables the mutton sheep to be fattened to 45-50kg at about 5-6 months old, shortens the slaughtering time of the mutton sheep, exerts the growth potential of the mutton sheep to the maximum extent, improves the feed conversion rate and the feed reward, and is a complete and large-scale fattening method for barn feeding mutton sheep. And a scientific feeding management mode is provided according to the weight stage and the growth and development stage of the mutton sheep, so that the growth speed and the feed utilization rate of the mutton sheep can be improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mutton sheep breeding, and particularly relates to a fattening method for barn feeding meat sheep, in particular to a two-feed three-part three-step fattening method for large-scale barn feeding meat sheep breeding.
Background
With the development of social economy, the living standard and consumption standard of people are continuously improved, the prices of mutton and other farm and animal products are gradually improved, and the mutton sheep industry has higher industrial requirements and development space under the promotion of huge social demand. Mutton sheep fattening is one of the ways for improving the production benefit of the mutton sheep industry, and the ways for fattening the mutton sheep are various, including grazing fattening, barn feeding fattening, mixed fattening and the like. These fattening modes have unique advantages, but compared with the prior art, the barn feeding fattening is the most widely applied fattening method in a plurality of fattening methods.
The method for grazing and fattening sheep is a relatively traditional fattening method adopted in pasturing areas and farming and pasturing areas in China, and is characterized in that sheep flocks are directly hurled to the pasturing areas to be freely fed with pastures, so that the method is low in cost and good in benefit, but has higher requirements on time and places. The growing requirements of the sheep flocks can be met only by high-quality grasslands, and meanwhile, except for the period of optimum grass growth for 5-10 months, the grazing and fattening effects in other periods are not ideal and are easily influenced by natural factors such as weather and the like.
The mixed fattening method aims at the sheep with unsatisfactory fattening effect caused by poor self nutrition or meadow quality after a period of feeding, prolongs the fattening time or strengthens the supplement of feed, and is mainly used for supplementing the feed for the sheep in the later feeding period. The method has certain limitation on large-scale use, and meanwhile, barn feeding and grazing are carried out, so that the method has high requirement on regions and is difficult to realize.
Compared with the 2 methods, the barn feeding fattening is completely fed in the sheep barn, is beneficial to management, is uniformly fed according to the standard feed proportion and weight every day, has stable fattening effect, and can realize large-scale culture. Relevant studies have shown that the performance of drylot lambs, dry matter and fat content of the carcasses are significantly higher than grazing supplementary fed and grazed lambs, and that the carcass scores are also good. And live weight and carcass weight of barn fed lambs slaughtered at the same age are also generally higher. And from the economic benefit analysis of a single sheep, the mixed fattening and grazing fattening benefits are higher than the barn feeding fattening, but from the large-scale intensive lamb fattening perspective, the production efficiency and the economic benefit of the barn feeding fattening are higher than those of the mixed fattening and the grazing fattening. The barn feeding fattening is to carry out scientific high-intensity feeding according to the natural physiological characteristics of the sheep and carry out centralized fattening under the barn feeding condition, thereby accelerating the growth rate of the mutton sheep and achieving the effect of quick slaughtering. The method has short fattening period and high turnover speed, and becomes one of the important ways and methods for improving economic benefits in the current mutton sheep industry.
The barn feeding fattening is divided into lamb fattening and adult fattening according to different physiological stages, and the adult fattening can be divided into shelf fattening and old fattening. As the lamb mutton has the characteristics of freshness, tenderness, juiciness, more refined meat, less fat and the like, the lamb mutton is deeply popular in the market and has larger demand. The lamb fattening is generally to be fed intensively after weaning, and the lamb is fattened intensively for 2-3 months and is delivered after 5-6 months. The fattening of the shelf sheep refers to a fattening mode for obtaining economic benefits through short-term rapid fattening of sheep with poor fat condition and poor nutrition condition. Fattening of old sheep refers to a fattening mode that sheep with older age and reduced breeding efficiency are fattened to gain weight in a short period.
The lamb has the advantages of fast growth, good weight increasing effect, high price and the like, and the fattening benefit is better than that of the lamb and old sheep. Therefore, the weaned lambs of about 2 months old are preferentially selected for barn feeding and fattening of breeders, and barn feeding is beneficial to the formation of large-scale breeding of the mutton sheep, and the product quality and the benefit are improved. However, in order to improve the economic benefit of the barn feeding cultivation of the mutton sheep, the efficient barn feeding cultivation technology must be mastered.
The establishment of colony houses in the breeding technology is the foundation, the selection of improved varieties is the core, the feeding management is the key, the prevention of epidemic diseases is the guarantee, and the timely marketing of opportunities is the benefit. However, the existing fattening sheep feeding management aspect is lack of experience, the fattening sheep feeding management is backward, and the feeding technology is lacked. The concrete is shown in the aspects of feeding mode, feed matching and the like.
In the actual management process, the feed collocation and the management are not scientific, the scientificity and the rationality of the feed collocation cannot be ensured, the mutton sheep cannot be guaranteed to obtain balanced nutrition, and the overall breeding benefit is difficult to promote. For example, in the long-term cultivation process, culturists pay attention to green grass feeding blindly, and do not pay attention to concentrated feed matching, and nutrient substances in the feed, such as protein, mineral substances, trace elements and vitamins, are not sufficiently input, so that the nutrient imbalance is caused, the disease resistance is reduced, the growth speed is slow, and the marketing time is late. In addition, the breeding scale and the group feeding are unreasonably controlled in the breeding process, the fattening period of the lambs is prolonged due to long-term mixed breeding, the nutrition is lack, and the breeding cost is also increased.
And related researches show that under the same feeding conditions, the optimized daily ration formula and the traditional experience formula are used for feeding the lamb of the fattening small tailed han sheep in the current year for 40 days, the daily gain can be effectively increased by 160g through the optimized daily ration formula, and the net profit of each lamb can be averagely increased by 2 times. Most of lambs in China are weaned from 3 months to 6 months old, and some lambs are even later. The feeding period is longer in the full-milk feeding of the lambs, the needed investment of manpower, material resources and financial resources is relatively more, and the lambs are fed later and have higher cost due to unreasonable feeding management after weaning.
The development of livestock breeding industry in China generates a large amount of livestock and poultry manure, so certain environmental pollution is generated. In addition, problems of overhigh culture density, overload of waste pollutants of livestock and poultry in the land and the like occur in part of areas in the culture process, so that the risk of environmental pollution is increased suddenly. If the livestock and poultry waste flows into the water body through rainwater washing, the water body is eutrophicated. The untreated livestock and poultry manure is directly irrigated into farmlands, soil hardening is easy to occur, and the growth of crops is seriously influenced by the deposition of a large amount of harmful pollutants in the soil. After birth, the growth rate of the general lambs is faster before sexual maturity (5-7 months old rams), and the growth rate becomes slower after sexual maturity. Therefore, the marketing before sexual maturity is appropriate from the economical and environmental viewpoints.
Therefore, while ensuring that the barn feeding sheep has enough forage grass and feed and providing nutrient substances such as energy, protein, vitamins, minerals, trace elements and the like, the barn feeding sheep also needs to have correct feeding management and feeding modes. Therefore, the feed utilization rate of the lambs in the fattening period is high, and the lambs are delivered timely in months with good economic benefits, which is a problem to be solved in the prior art.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The fattening method for barn feeding mutton sheep provided by the invention is characterized in that after lambs are weaned, the mutton sheep are subjected to stage fattening according to the weight of the mutton sheep, the nutrition requirements of the mutton sheep and the fattening technology are combined, so that the mutton sheep are slaughtered at the age of 5-6 months, the growth potential of the mutton sheep is furthest exerted, the premix, the feed formula and the feeding method used in different fattening stages are provided, the feed conversion rate and the feed reward are improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the method is a complete and large-scale barn feeding mutton sheep production system.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a fattening method for barn feeding breeding mutton sheep comprises the following steps:
(a) feeding the sheep by using the No. 1 formula of the No. 1 feed after the sheep ablates 25-40 jin or the goat 20-35 jin;
wherein the formula 1 of the material 1 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
2.5-4 parts of premix compound No. 1, 60-65 parts of corn, 18-22 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of bran, 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 1.2-1.8 parts of sodium chloride;
the premix No. 1 comprises the following components per kilogram: 250000 400000IU vitamin A, 100000 160000IU vitamin D3, 350-600IU vitamin E, 0.3-0.6g copper, 3-4.8g zinc, 8-12.8g iron, 2-3.2g manganese, 12.5-20mg selenium, 60-96mg iodine, 20-32mg cobalt, 17-19% calcium, 0.4-1% phosphorus, 1-1.2% lysine, 1000-2000ppm acetohydroxamic acid and the balance of carrier;
(b) when the weight of the sheep is 40-70 jin or the weight of the goat is 35-60 jin, feeding the sheep by adopting the No. 2 formula of the No. 2 material;
wherein the formula 2 of the material 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
2.5-4 parts of premix compound No. 2, 63-68 parts of corn, 18-26 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of bran, 1.0-1.4 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 1.1-1.5 parts of sodium chloride;
the premix No. 2 comprises the following components per kilogram: 225000IU vitamin A, 90000IU vitamin D3, 350IU vitamin E, 0.3-0.6g copper, 3-4.8g zinc, 8-12.8g iron, 2-3.2g manganese, 10-16mg selenium, 60-96mg iodine, 20-32mg cobalt, 16-28% calcium, 0.4-2% phosphorus, 1-1.5% lysine, 1000-2000ppm acetohydroxamic acid and the balance of carrier;
(c) when the weight of the sheep is more than or equal to 70 jin or the weight of the goat is more than or equal to 60 jin, feeding the sheep by adopting a No. 3 formula of the No. 2 material;
wherein the formula No. 3 of the material No. 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
2.5-4 parts of premix 2, 70-80 parts of corn, 16-24 parts of soybean meal, 1.3-1.7 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium chloride.
Preferably, in step (a), the goats and/or sheep are weaned at an age of 45-60 days and fattened.
Preferably, in the step (a), during the feeding, the dry matter feeding amount is 3% -4% of the weight of the mutton sheep, the concentrate feeding amount is 0.6% -1.5% of the weight of the mutton sheep, and the fodder is fed.
Preferably, in the step (b), during the feeding process, the dry matter feeding amount is 4-5% of the weight of the mutton sheep, the concentrate feeding amount is 2-3% of the weight of the mutton sheep, and the mutton sheep are fed with forage.
Preferably, in step (b), silage is fed while employing formula No. 2 of said feed No. 2.
Preferably, in the step (c), during the feeding process, the dry matter feeding amount is 3% -5% of the weight of the mutton sheep, and the concentrate feeding amount is 2.5% -3.5% of the weight of the mutton sheep.
Preferably, in step (c), the amount of silage and/or yellow silage fed is reduced and the amount of hay fed is increased.
Preferably, the No. 1 premix and the No. 2 premix of the sheep manure have an anti-calculus effect.
A method of fattening barn fed mutton sheep, comprising the method of fattening barn fed mutton sheep according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the fattening method for barn feeding mutton sheep provided by the invention provides a specific feeding management scheme during the fattening period of mutton sheep from weaning when the mutton sheep are 45-60 days old to slaughtering when the mutton sheep are 5-6 months old, the mutton sheep premix, the ration formula and the fattening method are integrated into a whole, the method is safe and reasonable, the mutton sheep are fattened to 45-50kg slaughtering when the mutton sheep are 5-6 months old, the slaughtering time of the mutton sheep is shortened, the growth potential of the mutton sheep is furthest exerted, the feed conversion rate and the feed reward are improved, and the fattening method for barn feeding mutton sheep is complete and large-scale.
(2) The two sheep fattening series premix used in the invention are developed by an anticalculus technology, and can effectively prevent the death of sheep calculus caused by urine holding and improve the survival rate of the mutton sheep by scientific use.
(3) The fattening method for barn feeding breeding of the mutton sheep, provided by the invention, provides a scientific feeding management mode according to the weight stage and the growth and development stage of the mutton sheep, can improve the growth speed and the feed utilization rate of the mutton sheep, and reduces the pollution to the environment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described examples are some, not all, of the examples of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Compared with the prior art, the fattening method for the barn feeding bred mutton sheep provided by the invention has the advantages that the two-feed three-part three-step fattening method for the mutton sheep is used for solving the problem of unreasonable feed collocation and management in the prior art. Meanwhile, the problems that the weaning time of the lambs is late, the fattening feeding management after weaning is unreasonable, the slaughtering time is late, the feeding cost is high, the feed conversion efficiency is low, the discharge amount of nutrient substances in the feed along with excrement, urine and the like is high, the environment is adversely affected, the cavity yield and the meat quality of the fattening lambs are affected and the like are solved.
Specifically, two materials: the two pre-mixed feed are two pre-mixed feed (sheep fattening) No. 1 pre-mixed feed and (sheep fattening) No. 2 pre-mixed feed in the fattening process of the mutton sheep, and the two pre-mixed feed are developed by adopting an anti-calculus technology, so that the mutton sheep calculus suffocating and death can be effectively prevented when the mutton sheep calculus blocking feed is scientifically used.
Three parties: the malnutrition is the root of all diseases, sufficient nutrition is the fundamental guarantee of rapid weight gain in the later period, and in order to meet the maximum daily weight gain of the mutton sheep, the invention designs feed formulas in three stages with different weights according to the difference of the weight, growth and development rules and the nutritional needs of each stage, thereby providing reasonable and sufficient nutritional needs for the growth of the mutton sheep.
Three steps: three steps of mutton sheep fattening stage are shown.
The first step is as follows: when the weight of the sheep is 25-40 jin or the weight of the goat is 20-35 jin after weaning, the digestive function is not well developed at this stage, the rumen begins to develop gradually, the utilization of coarse feed is poor, and the feed is mainly concentrated feed and high-quality hay. The growth of bones and the development of internal organs are fastest at this stage, the development of muscle tissues is second, the protein content required by the growth of the mutton sheep is higher at this stage, and meanwhile, the proportion of mineral elements such as calcium, phosphorus and the like needs to be regulated. This stage suggests using the ovine fattening formula No. 1 premix and the corresponding formula No. 1 feed, recommending a dry matter feed of about 3% to 4% (e.g., 3%, 3.5%, 4%) of body weight, and a concentrate feed of 0.6% to 1.5% (e.g., 0.6%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%) of body weight, and feeding the forage.
The second step is that: when the weight of the sheep is 40-70 jin or 35-60 jin of the goat, the digestive function is gradually developed and perfected at this stage, the rumen function is established, the development of bones and internal organs is continued, and at this moment, the muscle tissue is in the vigorous growth stage, and the fat deposition begins. It is recommended at this stage to use premix 2 and corresponding formula 2 of feed 2, and to recommend dry matter intake of about 4% to 5% (e.g. 3%, 3.5%, 4%) of body weight, and concentrate intake of 2% to 3% (e.g. 2%, 2.5%, 3%) of body weight, and to feed forage, some silage may be fed properly.
The third step: when the weight of the sheep is more than or equal to 70 jin or when the weight of the goat is more than or equal to 60 jin, the phase is mainly the rapid deposition of subcutaneous fat. The stage suggests using premix 2 and formula 3 corresponding to premix 2, the stage rapidly increases the amount of concentrate required, the amount of forage decreases, the recommended dry matter feed is about 3% -5% of the body weight, the recommended concentrate amount is 2.5% -3.5% (e.g. 2%, 2.5%, 3%) of the body weight, and the stage suggests decreasing the silage and yellow silage feed amounts and increasing the hay feed amounts.
Wherein the formula 1 of the material 1 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
premix No. 1 2.5-4 parts (e.g., 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 parts), corn 60-65 parts (e.g., 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 parts), soybean meal 18-22 parts (e.g., 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 parts), bran 8-12 parts (e.g., 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 parts), sodium bicarbonate 0.8-1.2 parts (e.g., 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2 parts), and sodium chloride 1.2-1.8 parts (e.g., 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8 parts);
the premix No. 1 comprises the following components per kilogram: 250000-400000IU (e.g., 250000, 260000, 2800000, 3000000, 320000, 340000, 350000, 360000, 380000, 400000IU) vitamin A, 100000-160000IU (e.g., 100000, 110000, 120000, 130000, 140000, 150000, 160000IU) vitamin D3350-600IU (e.g. 350, 380, 400, 420, 440, 460, 480, 500, 520, 540, 560, 580, 600IU) vitamin E, 0.3-0.6g (0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6g) copper, 3-4.8g (e.g. 3, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8, 4, 4.2, 4.4, 4.6, 4.8g) zinc, 8-12.8g (e.g. 8, 8.5, 9, 10, 11, 12, 12.5, 12.8g) iron, 2-3.2g (e.g. 2, 2).2. 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3.2g) manganese, 12.5-20 (e.g., 12.5, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20mg) mg selenium, 60-96 (e.g., 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 93, 96mg) mg iodine, 20-32 (e.g., 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32mg) mg cobalt, 17-19% (e.g., 17%, 18%, 19%), phosphorus 0.4-1% (e.g., 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1%), lysine 1-1.2% (e.g., 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%), acetohydroxamic acid 1000-2000ppm (e.g., 1000, 1200, 1400, 1800, 2000ppm), and the balance of a carrier.
The formula 2 of the material 2 comprises the following components in parts by weight:
premix 2.5-4 parts (e.g., 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 parts), corn 63-68 parts (e.g., 63, 64, 65, 68 parts), soybean meal 18-26 parts (e.g., 18, 20, 22, 26 parts), bran 8-12 parts (e.g., 8, 9, 10, 12 parts), sodium bicarbonate 1.0-1.4 parts (e.g., 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 parts), and sodium chloride 1.1-1.5 parts (e.g., 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 parts);
the premix No. 2 comprises the following components per kilogram: 225000IU vitamin A (e.g. 225000, 280000, 300000, 320000, 340000, 360000), 90000 145000 (e.g. 90000, 100000, 120000, 140000, 145000) IU vitamin D3, 350IU vitamin E (e.g. 350, 400, 500, 600), 0.3-0.6 (e.g. 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6) g copper, 3-4.8(3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 4.8) g zinc, 8-12.8 (e.g. 8, 9, 10) g iron, 2-3.2 (e.g. 2, 2.5, 3, 3.2) g manganese, 10-16 (e.g. 10, 12, 14, 16) mg selenium, 60-96(60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 93, 96) mg iodine, 20-32(20, 24, 26, 30, 26, 28-20, 28, 20, 28% phosphorus (e.g. 20, 28, 20, 8% phosphorus), 2, 20, 8% of iron, 28, 1.2%, 1.4%, 1.6%, 1.8%, 2%), lysine 1-1.5% (e.g., 1%, 1.2%, 1.4%, 1.5%), acetohydroxamic acid 1000 ion 2000ppm (1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, 1800, 2000ppm) and balance support.
The formula No. 3 of the material No. 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
the premix No. 2 is 2.5-4 parts (such as 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 parts), corn 70-80 parts (such as 70, 74, 78 and 80 parts), soybean meal 16-24 parts (such as 16, 18, 22 and 24 parts), sodium bicarbonate 1.3-1.7 parts (such as 1.3, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.7 parts) and sodium chloride 0.8-1.2 parts (0.8, 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 parts).
The components of the feed formula are not limited to the above raw materials, and other raw materials can be added into the feed by breeders according to different requirements and growth conditions of the mutton sheep.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1 sheep test case 1
80 weaned hybrid sheep lambs (hybrid sheep varieties of small tailed Han sheep and northeast fine wool sheep) with the weight of 14.2 +/-2.1 kg and the 45-day-old are selected and fed by the fattening method provided by the application. The mutton sheep were weighed on an empty stomach regularly in the morning from the first day of feeding, and were repeatedly weighed once on an empty stomach in the morning of the second day of weighing, the average value of the two weighing was taken, the mutton sheep were continuously weighed on an empty stomach every 30 days during the fattening period for 2 days, and the average value of the two weighing was taken, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Wherein the formula 1 of the material 1 comprises 2.5 parts of premix 1, 65 parts of corn, 18 parts of soybean meal, 12 parts of bran, 1.2 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 1.8 parts of sodium chloride;
the formula 2 of the material No. 2 comprises 2.5 parts of premix No. 2, 63 parts of corn, 26 parts of soybean meal, 12 parts of bran, 1.0 part of sodium bicarbonate and 1.5 parts of sodium chloride;
the No. 3 formula of the No. 2 feed comprises 2.5 parts of No. 2 premix of sheep manure, 70 parts of corn, 24 parts of soybean meal, 1.3 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 1.2 parts of sodium chloride;
the premix No. 1 comprises the following components per kilogram: 250000IU vitamin A, 100000-160000IU vitamin D3, 350IU vitamin E, 0.3g copper, 3g zinc, 8g iron, 2g manganese, 12.5mg selenium, 60mg iodine, 20mg cobalt, calcium 17%, phosphorus 0.4%, lysine 1%, acetohydroxamic acid 1000ppm and the balance carrier;
the premix No. 2 comprises the following components per kilogram: 225000IU vitamin A, 90000IU vitamin D3, 350IU vitamin E, 0.3g copper, 3g zinc, 8g iron, 2g manganese, 10mg selenium, 60mg iodine, 20mg cobalt, 16% calcium, 0.4-2% phosphorus, 1% lysine, 1000ppm acetohydroxamic acid and the balance of carrier.
TABLE 1 feeding days and stage weight gain Table
As can be seen from the table 1, when the feeding method provided by the invention is used for feeding sheep with different weight stages in stages, the average daily gain of the mutton sheep in the whole growth period reaches 278.3g, the mutton sheep can be fattened to 47.6kg after being fed for 120 days, the weight condition that the mutton sheep are out of the pen by 45-50kg can be quickly achieved, and the conversion rate of the feed is improved.
EXAMPLE 2 goat test cases
80 weaned goats (Boer goats) with the weight of 12.3 +/-2.2 kg and the age of 2 months are selected and fed according to the fattening method provided by the invention. The mutton sheep were weighed on an empty stomach periodically in the morning from the first day of feeding, and repeatedly weighed once on an empty stomach in the morning of the second day of weighing, the average value of the two weighing was taken, the mutton sheep were continuously weighed on an empty stomach every 30 days for 2 days in the fattening period, and the average value of the two weighing was taken, and the test results are shown in table 2.
Wherein, the formula 1 of the material 1 comprises 4 parts of premix compound 1, 60 parts of corn, 18 parts of bean pulp, 12 parts of bran, 1.4 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 1.1 parts of sodium chloride;
the formula 2 of the material 2 comprises 4 parts of premix 2, 68 parts of corn, 18 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of bran, 1.4 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 1.1 parts of sodium chloride;
the formula 3 of the material 2 comprises 4 parts of premix 2, 80 parts of corn, 16 parts of soybean meal, 16 parts of bran, 1.7 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 0.8 part of sodium chloride;
each kilogram of the premix compound No. 1 comprises 400000IU vitamin A, 160000IU vitamin D3, 600IU vitamin E, 0.6g of copper, 4.8g of zinc, 12.8g of iron, 3.2g of manganese, 20mg of selenium, 96mg of iodine, 32mg of cobalt, 19% of calcium, 1% of phosphorus, 1.2% of lysine and 2000ppm of acetoxy hydroxamic acid;
the premix No. 2 comprises the following components per kilogram: 360000IU vitamin A, 145000IU vitamin D3, 600IU vitamin E, 0.6g copper, 4.8g zinc, 12.8g iron, 3.2g manganese, 16mg selenium, 96mg iodine, 32mg cobalt, 28% calcium, 2% phosphorus, 1.5% lysine and 2000ppm acetoxy hydroxamic acid.
TABLE 2 feeding days and stage weight gain Table
As can be seen from the table 2, the feeding method provided by the invention is used for feeding goats in different weight stages in stages, the average daily gain of the mutton sheep in the whole growth period reaches 225.0g, the mutton sheep can be fattened to 46kg after being fed for 150 days, the weight condition that the mutton sheep are out of the fence by 45-50kg can be quickly achieved, and the conversion rate of the feed is improved.
Example 3 sheep test case 2
100 sheep lambs (hybrid sheep breed of small tailed han sheep and Dubo sheep) with the weight of 15 +/-2.2 kg are selected and fed by the fattening method provided by the application, the feeding feed and the process are the same as those of the experimental example 1, and the experimental results are shown in the table 3.
TABLE 3 feeding days and stage weight gain table
As can be seen from the table 3, the average daily gain of the mutton sheep in the whole growth period reaches 302.5g when the sheep in different weight stages are fed by the feeding method in stages.
In conclusion, the fattening method for barn feeding mutton sheep provided by the invention provides a specific feeding management scheme during the fattening period of mutton sheep from weaning of 45 days old lamb to slaughtering of about 5.5 months old, the mutton sheep premix, the ration formula and the fattening method are integrated, the method is safe and reasonable, the mutton sheep are fattened to 45-50kg slaughtering of about 5-6 months old mutton sheep, the slaughtering time of the mutton sheep is shortened, the growth potential of the mutton sheep is exerted to the maximum extent, the feed conversion rate and the feed reward are improved, and the fattening method is a complete and large-scale fattening method for barn feeding mutton sheep. And a scientific feeding management mode is provided according to the weight stage and the growth and development stage of the mutton sheep, so that the growth speed and the feed utilization rate of the mutton sheep can be improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the features thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications that are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fattening method for barn feeding breeding mutton sheep is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) feeding the sheep by using the No. 1 formula of the No. 1 feed after the sheep ablates 25-40 jin or the goat 20-35 jin;
wherein the formula 1 of the material 1 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
2.5-4 parts of premix compound No. 1, 60-65 parts of corn, 18-22 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of bran, 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 1.2-1.8 parts of sodium chloride;
the premix No. 1 comprises the following components per kilogram: 250000 400000IU vitamin A, 100000 160000IU vitamin D3, 350-600IU vitamin E, 0.3-0.6g copper, 3-4.8g zinc, 8-12.8g iron, 2-3.2g manganese, 12.5-20mg selenium, 60-96mg iodine, 20-32mg cobalt, 17-19% calcium, 0.4-1% phosphorus, 1-1.2% lysine, 1000-2000ppm acetohydroxamic acid and the balance of carrier;
(b) when the weight of the sheep is 40-70 jin or 35-60 jin of the goat, feeding the sheep by adopting the No. 2 formula of the No. 2 material;
wherein the formula 2 of the material 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
2.5-4 parts of premix compound No. 2, 63-68 parts of corn, 18-26 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of bran, 1.0-1.4 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 1.1-1.5 parts of sodium chloride;
the premix No. 2 comprises the following components per kilogram: 225000IU vitamin A, 90000IU vitamin D3, 350IU vitamin E, 0.3-0.6g copper, 3-4.8g zinc, 8-12.8g iron, 2-3.2g manganese, 10-16mg selenium, 60-96mg iodine, 20-32mg cobalt, 16-28% calcium, 0.4-2% phosphorus, 1-1.5 lysine, 1000-2000ppm acetohydroxamic acid and the balance of carrier;
(c) when the weight of the sheep is more than or equal to 70 jin or the weight of the goat is more than or equal to 60 jin, feeding the sheep by adopting a No. 3 formula of the No. 2 material;
wherein the formula No. 3 of the material No. 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
2.5-4 parts of premix 2, 70-80 parts of corn, 16-24 parts of soybean meal, 1.3-1.7 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium chloride.
2. The method for fattening barn fed mutton sheep according to claim 1, wherein in step (a), the goat and/or the sheep are weaned at an age of 45 to 60 days and fattened and raised.
3. The method for fattening barn fed mutton sheep according to claim 1, wherein in step (a), during the feeding, the dry matter feed amount is 3 to 4% of the weight of the mutton sheep, the concentrate feed amount is 0.6 to 1.5% of the weight of the mutton sheep, and the fodder is fed.
4. The method for fattening barn fed mutton sheep according to claim 1, wherein in step (b), during the feeding, the dry matter feed amount is 4-5% of the weight of the mutton sheep, the concentrate feed amount is 2-3% of the weight of the mutton sheep, and the fodder is fed.
5. The method for fattening barn fed mutton sheep according to claim 5, wherein silage is fed in step (b) while using formula 2 of the feed No. 2.
6. The method for fattening barn fed mutton sheep according to claim 1, wherein in step (c), during the feeding, the dry matter feed amount is 3% to 5% of the weight of the mutton sheep, and the concentrate feed amount is 2.5% to 3.5% of the weight of the mutton sheep.
7. The method for fattening barn fed mutton sheep according to claim 6, wherein in step (c) the feeding amount of silage and/or yellow silage is decreased and the feeding amount of hay is increased.
8. The fattening method for confined-feed mutton sheep according to claim 1, wherein the No. 1 premix for sheep fattening and the No. 2 premix for sheep fattening have an anti-calculus effect.
9. A method of fattening barn fed mutton sheep, comprising the method of fattening barn fed mutton sheep according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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