CN112021092A - Amomum tsaoko planting method with high survival rate - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting amomum tsao-ko with high survival rate, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: selecting spindle-shaped or oval-shaped tsaoko variety, selecting plants with plant age of 7-8 years, compact plant shape, vigorous growth and no plant diseases and insect pests, and discarding two ends and leaving the middle in clusters with more fruits; step two: tearing off peel before sowing to leave seeds, soaking the seeds in gibberellin solution for 0.5h, repeatedly rubbing the seeds to remove wax layers on the surfaces of the seeds, wrapping the seeds with tinfoil paper, and placing the seeds in a cool and dark place to keep the seeds out of the sun for 15-20 days; step three: weighing the corncob crushed aggregates, the plant growth regulator, the decomposed dried cow dung, the corn bran, the calcium superphosphate and the monopotassium phosphate according to the corresponding weight parts for later use; step four: and (4) adding the materials prepared according to the step one into a mixing barrel. The invention has the advantages of convenient operation, simple process, lower cost, less infection, quicker adaptation to the environment after transplantation, and easier achievement of fast growth, stable yield and high yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to a method for planting amomum tsao-ko with high survival rate.
Background
The fructus Tsaoko is a perennial herb of plants of Amomum of Zingiberaceae, and the essential oil extracted from fructus Tsaoko is used in medicine and perfume industry; the wild amomum tsao-ko is one of the favorite seasoning good products and the traditional Chinese medicines of people, and the wild amomum tsao-ko grows in subtropical rainy forest zones and is mainly distributed in local areas of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou provinces of China and partial areas of northern Vietnam and Laos. The tsaoko is one of the commodities for both food and medicine, and the demand of the tsaoko is more and more along with the improvement of the living standard and the health demand of people; meanwhile, the tsaoko is one of the main under-forest economic crops which are vigorously developed, and the problem of planting the tsaoko is firstly solved when the artificial cultivation of the tsaoko is carried out. However, the defects of low emergence rate, low survival rate and susceptibility to diseases commonly exist in the field of the plantation of the amomum tsao-ko.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for planting tsaoko amomum fruits with high survival rate, which aims to solve the problems that the prior art proposes that the current tsaoko amomum fruits planted by people have the defects of low emergence rate, low survival rate and easy disease.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for planting Amomum tsao-ko with high survival rate comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting spindle-shaped or oval-shaped tsaoko variety, selecting plants with plant age of 7-8 years, compact plant shape, vigorous growth and no plant diseases and insect pests, and discarding two ends and leaving the middle in clusters with more fruits;
step two: tearing off peel before sowing to leave seeds, soaking the seeds in gibberellin solution for 0.5h, repeatedly rubbing the seeds to remove wax layers on the surfaces of the seeds, wrapping the seeds with tinfoil paper, and placing the seeds in a cool and dark place to keep the seeds out of the sun for 15-20 days;
step three: weighing the corncob crushed aggregates, the plant growth regulator, the decomposed dried cow dung, the corn bran, the calcium superphosphate and the monopotassium phosphate according to the corresponding weight parts for later use;
step four: adding the materials prepared in the step one into a mixing barrel, and uniformly mixing by using an electric stirrer;
step five: adding the fertilizer mixed in the step four into a seedling pot and burying seeds, and culturing seedlings in a nursery, a hotbed or a greenhouse for transplanting to the land for planting;
step six: selecting high-quality tsaoko seedlings, checking the selected tsaoko seedlings, cutting the damaged roots and old roots of the tsaoko seedlings by 1 cm if the damaged roots and old roots exist at the bottoms of the tsaoko seedlings, and soaking the roots of the seedlings in a rooting and sterilizing solution for 10-15 minutes after the cutting is finished;
step seven: selecting a land block which is sufficiently sunny and fertile in land, turning the land by adopting agricultural machinery, cleaning garbage in the land, and digging a plurality of planting pits with the width of 25-35cm on the selected land block after cleaning, wherein the pit depth is 25-30cm, and the spacing between the planting pits is controlled at 30-50 cm;
step eight: after field planting, the nutrient requirement is low, the first topdressing is generally carried out when the height of seedlings is 14-16 cm, 0.2-0.3 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant, and the pesticide is added according to the proportion of 1: 99 weight ratio is added into a medicine mixing tank through a medicine adding pipe to be uniformly mixed with tap water, and medicines are atomized and sprayed, and the method can be used for realizing bactericide, herbicide, foliar fertilization and the like; and the integration of water and fertilizer is realized.
Further, the concentration of the gibberellin in the second step is 0.2-0.5 g/ml.
Further, 25-50g of fertilizer in each cultivation pot is added in the fourth step, and seeds are placed on the top of the fertilizer to be covered, and the thickness of covering soil is 4-8 cm.
Furthermore, in the third step, the weight ratio of the corncob crushed aggregates to the plant growth regulator to the decomposed dried cow dung to the corn bran to the calcium superphosphate to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 11:2:10:3:2: 2.
Further, the rooting and sterilizing solution in the sixth step is a mixed reagent of sterile water and sterile pulvis, and the mixing ratio of the sterile water to the sterile pulvis is 10: 1.
Further, the stirring speed of the electric stirrer in the fourth step is 220-250 r/min; stirring for 20 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. after the seedlings are soaked in gibberellin solution for 0.5h, a wax layer on the surfaces of the seeds is removed through repeated rubbing, dormancy is broken, the seeds are enabled to germinate rapidly during seedling raising, the rate of emergence is improved, the seedlings are rooted stably, corncob crushed aggregates, plant growth regulators, thoroughly decomposed dry cow dung, corn bran, calcium superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added during seedling raising, the corncob crushed aggregates and the corn bran are more favorable for rooting, the water retention is good, certain air permeability is achieved, the death rate is reduced, the calcium superphosphate and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate provide phosphorus elements and potassium elements for the seedlings, the seedlings are enabled to be comprehensive in nutrition, germinate rapidly, the seedlings thrive and the survival rate is greatly improved.
2. The method comprises the following steps of cutting 1 cm of damaged roots and old roots of the seedlings of the tsaoko amomum fruits, soaking the roots of the seedlings in a rooting and sterilizing solution for 10-15 minutes after the roots of the seedlings are cut, achieving the effects of sterilization and disinfection, facilitating quick rooting, improving the survival rate, carrying out topdressing and atomized spraying on the roots of the seedlings after field planting, and realizing bactericide, herbicide, foliar fertilization and the like by using the method; realizes the integration of water and fertilizer, and ensures that the seedlings can resist diseases and lodging in the growth process.
3. The invention has the advantages of convenient operation, simple process, lower cost, less infection, quicker adaptation to the environment after transplantation, and easier achievement of fast growth, stable yield and high yield.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for planting Amomum tsao-ko with high survival rate comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting spindle-shaped or oval-shaped tsaoko variety, selecting plants with plant age of 7-8 years, compact plant shape, vigorous growth and no plant diseases and insect pests, and discarding two ends and leaving the middle in clusters with more fruits;
step two: tearing off peel before sowing to leave seeds, soaking the seeds in gibberellin solution for 0.5h, repeatedly rubbing the seeds to remove wax layers on the surfaces of the seeds, wrapping the seeds with tinfoil paper, and placing the seeds in a cool and dark place to keep the seeds out of the sun for 15-20 days;
step three: weighing the corncob crushed aggregates, the plant growth regulator, the decomposed dried cow dung, the corn bran, the calcium superphosphate and the monopotassium phosphate according to the corresponding weight parts for later use;
step four: adding the materials prepared in the step one into a mixing barrel, and uniformly mixing by using an electric stirrer;
step five: adding the fertilizer mixed in the step four into a seedling pot and burying seeds, and culturing seedlings in a nursery, a hotbed or a greenhouse for transplanting to the land for planting;
step six: selecting high-quality tsaoko seedlings, checking the selected tsaoko seedlings, cutting the damaged roots and old roots of the tsaoko seedlings by 1 cm if the damaged roots and old roots exist at the bottoms of the tsaoko seedlings, and soaking the roots of the seedlings in a rooting and sterilizing solution for 10-15 minutes after the cutting is finished;
step seven: selecting a land block which is sufficiently sunny and fertile in land, turning the land by adopting agricultural machinery, cleaning garbage in the land, and digging a plurality of planting pits with the width of 25-35cm on the selected land block after cleaning, wherein the pit depth is 25-30cm, and the spacing between the planting pits is controlled at 30-50 cm;
step eight: after field planting, the nutrient requirement is low, the first topdressing is generally carried out when the height of seedlings is 14-16 cm, 0.2-0.3 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant, and the pesticide is added according to the proportion of 1: 99 weight ratio is added into a medicine mixing tank through a medicine adding pipe to be uniformly mixed with tap water, and medicines are atomized and sprayed, and the method can be used for realizing bactericide, herbicide, foliar fertilization and the like; and the integration of water and fertilizer is realized.
Wherein, the concentration of the gibberellin in the second step is 0.2-0.5 g/ml.
Wherein, 25-50g of fertilizer in each cultivation pot is added in the fourth step, and seeds are placed on the top of the fertilizer for covering, and the thickness of the covering soil is 4-8 cm.
Wherein in the third step, the weight ratio of the corncob crushed aggregates to the plant growth regulator to the decomposed dried cow dung to the corn bran to the calcium superphosphate to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 11:2:10:3:2: 2.
Wherein, the rooting and sterilizing solution in the sixth step is a mixed reagent of sterile water and sterile pulvis, and the mixing ratio is 10: 1.
Wherein the stirring speed of the electric stirrer in the fourth step is 220-250 r/min; stirring for 20 min.
Example 2
A method for planting Amomum tsao-ko with high survival rate comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting spindle-shaped or oval-shaped tsaoko variety, selecting plants with plant age of 7-8 years, compact plant shape, vigorous growth and no plant diseases and insect pests, and discarding two ends and leaving the middle in clusters with more fruits;
step two: tearing off peel before sowing to leave seeds, soaking the seeds in a naphthylacetic acid solution for 0.5h, repeatedly rubbing the seeds to remove wax layers on the surfaces of the seeds, wrapping the seeds with tinfoil paper, and placing the seeds in a cool and dark place to keep the seeds out of the sun for 15-20 days;
step three: weighing the corncob crushed aggregates, the plant growth regulator, the decomposed dried cow dung, the corn bran, the calcium superphosphate and the monopotassium phosphate according to the corresponding weight parts for later use;
step four: adding the materials prepared in the step one into a mixing barrel, and uniformly mixing by using an electric stirrer;
step five: adding the fertilizer mixed in the step four into a seedling pot and burying seeds, and culturing seedlings in a nursery, a hotbed or a greenhouse for transplanting to the land for planting;
step six: selecting high-quality tsaoko seedlings, checking the selected tsaoko seedlings, cutting the damaged roots and old roots of the tsaoko seedlings by 1 cm if the damaged roots and old roots exist at the bottoms of the tsaoko seedlings, and soaking the roots of the seedlings in a rooting and sterilizing solution for 10-15 minutes after the cutting is finished;
step seven: selecting a land block which is sufficiently sunny and fertile in land, turning the land by adopting agricultural machinery, cleaning garbage in the land, and digging a plurality of planting pits with the width of 25-35cm on the selected land block after cleaning, wherein the pit depth is 25-30cm, and the spacing between the planting pits is controlled at 30-50 cm;
step eight: after field planting, the nutrient requirement is low, the first topdressing is generally carried out when the height of seedlings is 14-16 cm, 0.2-0.3 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant, and the pesticide is added according to the proportion of 1: 99 weight ratio is added into a medicine mixing tank through a medicine adding pipe to be uniformly mixed with tap water, and medicines are atomized and sprayed, and the method can be used for realizing bactericide, herbicide, foliar fertilization and the like; and the integration of water and fertilizer is realized.
Wherein, the concentration of the naphthylacetic acid in the second step is 0.2-0.5g/ml, which is convenient for breaking dormancy.
And in the fourth step, 25-50g of fertilizer in each cultivation pot is added, the seeds are placed on the top of the fertilizer for covering, the thickness of covering soil is 4-8cm, the seeds can germinate rapidly during seedling cultivation, the emergence rate is improved, and the roots of the seedlings are firmly pricked.
The weight ratio of the corncob crushed aggregates to the plant growth regulator to the decomposed dry cow dung to the corncob chaff to the calcium superphosphate to the monopotassium phosphate is 11:2:10:3:2:2, the corncob crushed aggregates to the corncob chaff are more favorable for rooting, the water retention is good, certain air permeability is achieved, the death rate is reduced, the calcium superphosphate and the monopotassium phosphate provide phosphorus elements and potassium elements for seedlings, the seedlings are comprehensive in nutrition and germinate rapidly, the seedlings grow vigorously, and the survival rate is greatly improved.
And the rooting and sterilizing solution in the sixth step is a mixed reagent of sterile water and sterile pulvis, the mixing ratio of the sterile water to the sterile pulvis is 10:1, the effects of sterilization and disinfection are achieved, rapid rooting is facilitated, and the survival rate is improved.
Wherein the stirring speed of the electric stirrer in the fourth step is 220-250 r/min; stirring for 20min, quickly and uniformly mixing different raw materials after high-speed stirring, and improving the production efficiency of the fertilizer.
When the invention works: after the seedlings are soaked in gibberellin solution for 0.5h, a wax layer on the surfaces of the seeds is removed through repeated rubbing, dormancy is broken, the seeds are enabled to germinate rapidly during seedling raising, the rate of emergence is improved, the seedlings are rooted stably, corncob crushed aggregates, plant growth regulators, thoroughly decomposed dry cow dung, corn bran, calcium superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added during seedling raising, the corncob crushed aggregates and the corn bran are more favorable for rooting, the water retention is good, certain air permeability is achieved, the death rate is reduced, the calcium superphosphate and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate provide phosphorus elements and potassium elements for the seedlings, the seedlings are enabled to be comprehensive in nutrition, germinate rapidly, the seedlings thrive and the survival rate is greatly improved. The method comprises the following steps of cutting 1 cm of damaged roots and old roots of the seedlings of the tsaoko amomum fruits, soaking the roots of the seedlings in a rooting and sterilizing solution for 10-15 minutes after the roots of the seedlings are cut, achieving the effects of sterilization and disinfection, facilitating quick rooting, improving the survival rate, carrying out topdressing and atomized spraying on the roots of the seedlings after field planting, and realizing bactericide, herbicide, foliar fertilization and the like by using the method; realizes the integration of water and fertilizer, and ensures that the seedlings can resist diseases and lodging in the growth process. The invention has the advantages of convenient operation, simple process, lower cost, less infection, quicker adaptation to the environment after transplantation, and easier achievement of fast growth, stable yield and high yield.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A method for planting Amomum tsao-ko with high survival rate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting spindle-shaped or oval-shaped tsaoko variety, selecting plants with plant age of 7-8 years, compact plant shape, vigorous growth and no plant diseases and insect pests, and discarding two ends and leaving the middle in clusters with more fruits;
step two: tearing off peel before sowing to leave seeds, soaking the seeds in gibberellin solution for 0.5h, repeatedly rubbing the seeds to remove wax layers on the surfaces of the seeds, wrapping the seeds with tinfoil paper, and placing the seeds in a cool and dark place to keep the seeds out of the sun for 15-20 days;
step three: weighing the corncob crushed aggregates, the plant growth regulator, the decomposed dried cow dung, the corn bran, the calcium superphosphate and the monopotassium phosphate according to the corresponding weight parts for later use;
step four: adding the materials prepared in the step one into a mixing barrel, and uniformly mixing by using an electric stirrer;
step five: adding the fertilizer mixed in the step four into a seedling pot and burying seeds, and culturing seedlings in a nursery, a hotbed or a greenhouse for transplanting to the land for planting;
step six: selecting high-quality tsaoko seedlings, checking the selected tsaoko seedlings, cutting the damaged roots and old roots of the tsaoko seedlings by 1 cm if the damaged roots and old roots exist at the bottoms of the tsaoko seedlings, and soaking the roots of the seedlings in a rooting and sterilizing solution for 10-15 minutes after the cutting is finished;
step seven: selecting a land block which is sufficiently sunny and fertile in land, turning the land by adopting agricultural machinery, cleaning garbage in the land, and digging a plurality of planting pits with the width of 25-35cm on the selected land block after cleaning, wherein the pit depth is 25-30cm, and the spacing between the planting pits is controlled at 30-50 cm;
step eight: after field planting, the nutrient requirement is low, the first topdressing is generally carried out when the height of seedlings is 14-16 cm, 0.2-0.3 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant, and the pesticide is added according to the proportion of 1: 99 weight ratio is added into a medicine mixing tank through a medicine adding pipe to be uniformly mixed with tap water, and medicines are atomized and sprayed, and the method can be used for realizing bactericide, herbicide, foliar fertilization and the like; and the integration of water and fertilizer is realized.
2. The method for planting tsaoko amomum fruits with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second step, the concentration of the gibberellin is 0.2-0.5 g/ml.
3. The method for planting tsaoko amomum fruits with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the fourth step, 25-50g of fertilizer in each cultivation pot is added, and seeds are placed on the top of the fertilizer to be covered, wherein the thickness of covering soil is 4-8 cm.
4. The method for planting tsaoko amomum fruits with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the weight ratio of the corncob crushed aggregates to the plant growth regulator to the decomposed dried cow dung to the cornbran to the calcium superphosphate to the monopotassium phosphate is 11:2:10:3:2: 2.
5. The method for planting tsaoko amomum fruits with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the rooting and sterilizing solution in the sixth step is a mixed reagent of sterile water and sterile pulvis, and the mixing ratio of the sterile water to the sterile pulvis is 10: 1.
6. The method for planting tsaoko amomum fruits with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the stirring speed of the electric stirrer in the fourth step is 220-250 r/min; stirring for 20 min.
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