CN112019253A - Ground line feeder test system and method based on low-earth-orbit satellite communication - Google Patents
Ground line feeder test system and method based on low-earth-orbit satellite communication Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
One embodiment of the application discloses a ground line feeder test system and method based on low earth orbit satellite communication. The system comprises: a gateway station comprising a gateway station radio frequency device and a gateway station baseband device; the user terminal comprises a user terminal radio frequency device and a user terminal baseband device; the satellite communication load comprises a feed side radio frequency device and a user side radio frequency device, and the feed side radio frequency device is directly connected with a gateway station radio frequency device through a wire feed; the user side radio frequency device is directly connected with the user terminal radio frequency device through a wire feeder; the time service device is used for ensuring the time synchronization of the satellite communication load, the gateway station and the user terminal and the time synchronization of the test system; and the channel simulation device is used for simulating the dynamic Doppler, time delay and attenuation characteristics of the transmission channel of the test system. The method and the device construct a ground test environment close to the real in-orbit situation, provide a system test method, and provide reliable guarantee for the in-orbit successful communication of the low-orbit satellite.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of low earth orbit satellite communications. And more particularly, to a ground line feeder test system and method based on low earth orbit satellite communications.
Background
The low-earth-orbit satellite communication has the advantages of short communication distance, short time delay, strong survivability, wide coverage range, high speed and the like, and the construction and the deployment of a low-earth-orbit satellite communication system are accelerating at home and abroad. Unlike GEO satellites (i.e., geosynchronous orbit satellites), low earth orbit satellites move on a large space-time scale relative to the ground, which brings time delay, doppler shift and dynamic level changes to satellite-ground signal transmission, and these channel factors need to be fully considered when designing a communication system. In addition, the coverage area of a single satellite of the low earth orbit satellite is small, the transit circle number is limited every day, and the transit time is usually only a few minutes once, so that the transit time and direction of the satellite are different in a certain fixed area on the ground, and difficulty is brought to ground test.
Therefore, before satellite transmission, it is necessary to establish a communication system verification environment on the ground, simulate the satellite-ground channel characteristics, and fully verify the satellite communication system. However, the ground test method of the existing satellite communication system mainly aims at the GEO satellite communication system, the GEO satellite terminal movement has little influence on the performance of the communication system, the satellite-ground channel environment is basically fixed, a user can continuously communicate with one GEO satellite, and the ground test method of the existing satellite communication system is not suitable for ground verification of the low-earth satellite communication system.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to a system and method for ground line feeder test based on low earth orbit satellite communication, so as to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background above.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a ground line feeder test system based on low earth orbit satellite communication, the system comprising:
a gateway station comprising a gateway station radio frequency device and a gateway station baseband device;
the user terminal comprises a user terminal radio frequency device and a user terminal baseband device;
the satellite communication load comprises a feed side radio frequency device and a user side radio frequency device, and the feed side radio frequency device is directly connected with the gateway station radio frequency device through a wire feed; the user side radio frequency device is directly connected with the user terminal radio frequency device through a wire feeder;
the time service device is used for ensuring the time synchronization of the satellite communication load, the gateway station and the user terminal and the time synchronization of the test system;
and the channel simulation device is used for simulating the dynamic Doppler, the time delay and the attenuation characteristics of the transmission channel of the test system.
In a specific embodiment, the transmission channel of the test system includes: a forward channel for transmitting a first communication signal from the gateway station to the user terminal via the satellite communication payload; the return channel is used for transmitting a second communication signal from the user terminal to the gateway station via the satellite communication payload.
In a particular embodiment, the forward channel includes a feeder link uplink, a user link downlink; the return channel comprises a user link uplink and a feeder link downlink.
In a specific embodiment, the channel simulation apparatus accesses the feeder link uplink, the user link downlink, the feeder link downlink, and the user link uplink.
In a specific embodiment, the channel simulation apparatus accesses an intermediate frequency band interface of the gateway station and an intermediate frequency band interface of the user terminal, wherein the intermediate frequency band interface of the gateway station is disposed between the gateway station radio frequency apparatus and a gateway station baseband apparatus; the intermediate frequency band interface of the user terminal is arranged between the user terminal radio frequency device and the user terminal baseband device.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a ground line feeder testing method based on low earth orbit satellite communication, including:
constructing a ground line feeder test environment by using the test system provided by the first aspect;
simulating a satellite communication scene, and acquiring initial ephemeris, gateway station position information, user terminal position information and communication starting time t of the satellite0And communication end time t1；
Testing environment parameter configuration, wherein, include: the parameters of the gateway station are injected to complete the configuration of the gateway station; user terminal parameter injection to complete user terminal configuration; completing parameter configuration of a channel simulation device according to a communication scene;
setting the operation starting time of the channel simulation device as t when testing environment time service0Triggering to wait for operation;
t0at the moment, the channel simulation device adds Doppler, time delay and attenuation characteristics to the input first communication signal or second communication signal in real time, the ground line feeder test is started, and t1The time is over.
In a specific embodiment, the test environment timing comprises: setting the initial time of the time service device as t0- Δ t, said Δ t being the time margin for the preparation of the test; and operating the time service device to provide uniform system time for the gateway station, the user terminal and the channel simulation device, and completing time synchronization of the whole test environment.
In a particular embodiment, the gateway station parameters include gateway station location information and initial ephemeris for the satellites; the user terminal parameters include user terminal position information and initial ephemeris for the satellites.
In a specific embodiment, when the communication scenario is not changed, the next test can be performed from the time service of the test environment by using the parameter configuration of the gateway station, the user terminal and the channel simulation device.
The beneficial effect of this application is as follows:
the technical scheme provides a ground line feeder testing system and method based on low earth orbit satellite communication, which provide reliable guarantee for successful in-orbit communication of the low earth orbit satellite and solve the problems that a ground testing environment is difficult to approach a real channel, the test operation is complex and the verification is insufficient. Furthermore, the test method is simple and convenient to operate, has repeatability, and can meet the requirement of ground verification of the low-earth-orbit satellite communication system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a low earth orbit satellite communication-based ground line feeder test system according to the application.
Fig. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of one embodiment of a low earth orbit satellite communication based ground line feeder test method according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will describe embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
Example one
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that low earth orbit satellite communication systems are generally comprised of a space segment, a ground segment, and a user segment. The space segment comprises a low-orbit satellite, and the satellite carries a satellite communication load and is used for forwarding and amplifying communication transmission signals from a gateway station or a user terminal; the ground section comprises a comprehensive operation and control center, a gateway station, a measurement and control station and the like; the user segment is a user terminal with various types of spectrums.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a low earth orbit satellite communication-based ground line feeder test system according to the application. As shown in fig. 1, the test system is composed of a gateway station 100, a user terminal 102, a satellite communication payload 104, a channel simulator 108, and a time service device 106.
In one embodiment, the gateway station 100, the user terminal 102, and the satellite communication payload 104 based on the transparent repeating scheme are all without antennas. The gateway station 100 includes two parts, namely a gateway station radio frequency device and a gateway station baseband device, wherein the gateway station radio frequency device is used for transmitting, receiving, amplifying and frequency converting communication signals, and the gateway station baseband device is used for modulating and analyzing the communication signals; based on similar principles, the user terminal 102 includes a user terminal radio frequency device and a user terminal baseband device. The satellite communication load 104 comprises a user side radio frequency device and a feed side radio frequency device, wherein the feed side radio frequency device is directly connected with a gateway station radio frequency device through a wire feed; and the user side radio frequency device is directly connected with the user terminal radio frequency device through a wire feeder.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the transmission channel of the test system can be divided into a forward channel and a return channel according to the transmission direction of the communication signal. Wherein a forward channel is used to transmit a first communication signal from the gateway station 100 to a user terminal 102 via the satellite communication payload 104; the return channel is used to transmit a second communication signal of the user terminal 102 to the gateway station 100 via the satellite communication payload 104.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, a forward channel includes a feeder link uplink and a user link downlink; the return channel includes a user link uplink and a feeder link downlink. That is, as shown in fig. 1, when the gateway station 100 communicates with the user terminal 102, the first communication signal is transmitted to the user terminal 102 via the user link downlink after reaching the feeding-side rf device of the satellite communication payload 104 via the feeding link uplink, where the feeding link uplink and the user link downlink belong to the forward channel and are indicated by solid arrows; when the user terminal 102 communicates with the gateway station 100, the second communication signal is transmitted to the gateway station 100 via the feeder link downlink after the second communication signal reaches the user-side radio frequency device of the satellite communication payload 104 via the user link uplink, where the user link uplink and the feeder link downlink belong to a return channel, which is indicated by a dashed arrow.
In the above examples, the change of the communication signal characteristics is ignored, and only the transmission relationship of the communication signal among the gateway station 100, the user terminal 102, and the satellite communication payload 104 is considered, and no improper limitation is imposed on the communication signal properties.
In practical low-earth satellite communication, a gateway station, a user terminal and a satellite communication load are provided with antennas, and the gateway station and the user terminal perform radio electromagnetic wave transmission with the satellite communication load through the antennas. However, in the testing stage of the ground laboratory, the positions of the satellite communication load, the gateway station and the user terminal are relatively fixed and are not provided with antennas, and the satellite communication load, the gateway station and the user terminal are directly connected by wire feed, so that when communication signals are transmitted between the gateway station and the user terminal, the signal characteristics before and after transmission are unchanged, and a real in-orbit satellite environment cannot be simulated obviously. Therefore, in the process of line feed connection, the channel characteristics of time delay, doppler and attenuation need to be loaded in order to construct a ground test environment which is close to the real on-orbit situation. To this end, in a specific embodiment of the present application, the test system comprises a channel simulation means 108 for simulating dynamic doppler, delay and attenuation characteristics of the transmission channel of the test system.
In a specific example, as shown in fig. 1, each channel of the channel simulation apparatus 108 accesses a forward channel and a return channel, i.e., a feeder link uplink, a user link downlink, a feeder link downlink, and a user link uplink, respectively. The normal operation for loading the channel characteristics is to access the channel simulation apparatus 108 to the spatial channel, for example, between the gateway station rf apparatus and the satellite communication load feeder-side rf apparatus, and between the satellite communication load user-side rf apparatus and the user terminal rf apparatus. However, for the channel simulation apparatus 108 itself, the loading of the channel characteristics needs to be completed in the digital baseband, that is, if the channel simulation apparatus 108 accesses the spatial channel, the high frequency signal input to the channel simulation apparatus needs to be changed to the baseband 0 intermediate frequency for loading the channel characteristics, and then the baseband 0 intermediate frequency is changed to the high frequency signal output after the loading is completed, which will seriously affect the quality of the signal during the frequency conversion process.
Therefore, in order to reduce the influence of the frequency conversion channels of the channel simulation device 108 on the communication link signals, in a preferred example of the present application, each channel of the channel simulation device 108 is connected to the if band interface of the gateway station 100 and the if band interface of the user terminal 102, the if band interface of the gateway station 100 is disposed between the rf device of the gateway station and the baseband device of the gateway station, and the if band interface of the user terminal 102 is disposed between the rf device of the user terminal and the baseband device of the user terminal. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that attenuators may be incorporated at the various device connections as necessary to ensure that the interface levels match with each other, not shown in fig. 1.
In one embodiment, the test system further comprises a time service device 106 for ensuring time synchronization of the satellite communication payload 104, the gateway station 100 and the user terminal 102 and time synchronization of the test system. In one embodiment of the application, a GNSS signal simulator is used as a time service device, and in a ground test stage, the GNSS signal simulator adopts a radio frequency direct connection mode to uniformly provide time information for a gateway station, a user terminal and a channel simulation device, so that the time uniformity of a test system is ensured.
Aiming at the existing problems, the ground line feed testing system based on the low-earth-orbit satellite communication is established, a ground verification environment close to the real on-orbit situation is constructed based on a channel simulation device and a time service device such as a GNSS signal simulator, the problem that the ground testing environment is difficult to approach the real channel is solved, and reliable guarantee is provided for the successful on-orbit communication of the low-earth-orbit satellite.
Example two
By using the test system described in the first embodiment, the present application provides a ground line feeder test method based on low earth orbit satellite communication. Fig. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of one embodiment of a low earth orbit satellite communication based ground line feeder test method according to the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the ground line feeder testing method based on low earth orbit satellite communication includes:
s10, constructing a ground line feeder test environment by using the test system provided in the first embodiment;
in a specific example, the gateway station is connected to a ground internet or an internet simulation subnet, the device accessing the user terminal is a mobile phone or a PC, a GNSS signal simulator is selected as the time service device, and the channel simulation device has a function of receiving GNSS time service signals. For example, a gateway station accesses the ground internet through a core network, a personal mobile phone accesses a user terminal through WiFi, the mobile phone is only connected with a user terminal router before the user terminal successfully accesses the network, internet access cannot be carried out through a satellite channel, after the user terminal successfully accesses the network, the user terminal forms a hot spot, the personal mobile phone accesses the satellite internet through the hot spot, service communication can be carried out, and the construction of a ground line feed test environment is completed.
S20, simulating a satellite communication scene, and acquiring initial ephemeris, gateway station position information, user terminal position information and communication starting time t of the satellite0And communication end time t1；
In a specific example, a satellite transit communication scene is simulated through STK software, and the initial ephemeris, the gateway station position information, the user terminal position information and the communication starting time t of the satellite are customized0And communication end time t1. For example, a communication start time t is set022 minutes and 03 seconds at 02, 10 hours and 10 days in 2018 and at the communication end time t128 minutes and 10 seconds at 10 months, 02 days and 10 days in 2018; as shown in Table 1, the initial ephemeris contains the following information:
TABLE 1
The gateway station location information and the user terminal location information are characterized by longitude, latitude and altitude. In one specific example, the gateway station and the user terminal are deployed at the same location, and their corresponding location information is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
S30, configuring test environment parameters, wherein the configuration comprises:
s300, injecting parameters of the gateway station, and injecting the initial ephemeris and the position information of the gateway station into the gateway station to complete the configuration of the gateway station.
S302, injecting user terminal parameters, namely injecting the initial ephemeris and the user terminal position information into the user terminal through the upper computer or the test interface to complete the configuration of the user terminal.
In one particular example, the gateway station parameters include gateway station location information and initial ephemeris for the satellites; the user terminal parameters include user terminal position information and initial ephemeris for the satellites.
S304, completing parameter configuration of the channel simulation device according to a communication scene;
in a specific example, the parameters for configuring the channel simulator include initial ephemeris, gateway station location information, user terminal location information, interface frequency, bandwidth, and other parameters, which will be understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described herein again. It should be noted that the parameter configuration mode of the channel simulation apparatus may be the STK parameter file embedding, or may be the direct input, which is not limited herein and is determined according to the actual situation.
S40, testing environment time service, setting the operation starting time of the channel simulation device as t0Triggering to wait for operation;
in a specific example, a GNSS signal simulator is selected as the time service device, and the initial time of the GNSS signal simulator is set to be t0- Δ t, said Δ t being the time margin for the preparation of the test; the GNSS signal simulator is operated to provide uniform system time for the gateway station, the user terminal and the channel simulatorTime synchronization of the whole test environment. For example, set the GNSS signal simulator initial time t0- Δ t is 17 min 00 s at 10 h, 02 h, 10 h, 2018 h, the time margin for the test preparation Δ t is 5 min, and the GNSS signal simulator completes the time synchronization of the whole test environment within 5 min. Starting time t of channel simulator operation022 minutes and 03 seconds at 10 months, 02 days and 10 days in 2018. In the present application, the time margin Δ t for the test preparation and the time service device are not limited, and the time service device may be a BD/GPS navigation signal simulator, and the specific selection is determined according to actual conditions.
S50、t0At the moment, the channel simulation device adds the channel characteristics to the input communication signals in real time, the ground line feed test starts, t1The time is over.
In a specific example, when the system time is 2018, 10, 02, 10, 22 min, 03 sec, the channel simulator starts to operate according to a predetermined communication scenario, channel characteristics such as doppler, delay, attenuation and the like are added to a communication signal input to the channel simulator in real time, a communication system related test is performed, for example,
the user terminal initiates a random access request, interacts with the gateway station and successfully accesses the network, the personal mobile phone accesses the satellite internet through the user terminal to carry out typical internet access such as webpage access, video on demand and the like, whether the internet service access function of the user terminal is normal is tested, and when the time is 2020, 10, 02, 10, 28 minutes and 10 seconds, the communication test is finished.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, when the communication scenario is not changed, the parameter configuration of the corresponding test environment can be reused without secondary configuration, that is, the parameter configuration of the gateway station, the user terminal and the channel simulator can be applied. In the same communication scenario, the next test can be performed by repeating the steps S40 to S50. It should be noted that the test may be performed by the same test item or different test items. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that when a communication scenario needs to be changed or power is turned off, parameters need to be re-injected to complete configuration of the test environment, and the communication scenario at this time may refer to a previous test, or may be re-acquired by using, for example, STK simulation software, and the specific choice is determined according to the actual situation and is not limited herein.
The method is simple and convenient to operate, comprehensive and sufficient in verification and has repeatability, the requirement of ground verification of a low-orbit satellite communication system can be met, the problem that a ground testing environment is difficult to approach a real channel is solved, and reliable guarantee is provided for successful in-orbit communication of the low-orbit satellite.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A ground line feed test system based on low earth orbit satellite communications, comprising:
a gateway station comprising a gateway station radio frequency device and a gateway station baseband device;
the user terminal comprises a user terminal radio frequency device and a user terminal baseband device;
the satellite communication load comprises a feed side radio frequency device and a user side radio frequency device, wherein the feed side radio frequency device is directly connected with the gateway station radio frequency device through a wire feed; the user side radio frequency device is directly connected with the user terminal radio frequency device through a wire feeder;
the time service device is used for ensuring the time synchronization of the satellite communication load, the gateway station and the user terminal and the time synchronization of the test system;
and the channel simulation device is used for simulating the dynamic Doppler, the time delay and the attenuation characteristics of the transmission channel of the test system.
2. The test system of claim 1, wherein the transmission channel of the test system comprises: a forward channel for transmitting a first communication signal from the gateway station to the user terminal via the satellite communication payload; a return channel for transmitting a second communication signal from said user terminal to said gateway station via said satellite communication payload.
3. The test system of claim 2, wherein the forward channel comprises a feeder link uplink, a user link downlink; the return channel comprises a user link uplink and a feeder link downlink.
4. The test system of claim 3, wherein the channel simulator accesses the feeder link uplink, the user link downlink, the feeder link downlink, and the user link uplink.
5. The test system according to claim 4, wherein said channel simulating means accesses an intermediate frequency band interface of said gateway station and an intermediate frequency band interface of said subscriber terminal, wherein,
the intermediate frequency band interface of the gateway station is arranged between the radio frequency device of the gateway station and the baseband device of the gateway station;
the intermediate frequency band interface of the user terminal is arranged between the user terminal radio frequency device and the user terminal baseband device.
6. The test system of claim 1, wherein the timing device is a GNSS signal simulator.
7. A ground line feeder test method based on low earth orbit satellite communication is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a ground line feeder test environment using the test system of any one of claims 1-6;
simulating a satellite communication scene, obtaining said satelliteInitial ephemeris of satellite, gateway station position information, user terminal position information, communication start time t0And communication end time t1；
Testing environment parameter configuration, wherein, include: the parameters of the gateway station are injected to complete the configuration of the gateway station; user terminal parameter injection to complete user terminal configuration; completing parameter configuration of a channel simulation device according to a communication scene;
setting the initial time of the channel simulator to t0Triggering to wait for operation;
t0at the moment, the channel simulation device adds Doppler, time delay and attenuation characteristics to the input first communication signal or second communication signal in real time, the ground line feeder test is started, and t1The time is over.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the testing environment timing comprises:
setting the initial time of the time service device as t0- Δ t, said Δ t being the time margin for the preparation of the test;
and operating the time service device to provide uniform time for the gateway station, the user terminal and the channel simulation device so as to complete time synchronization of the whole test environment.
9. The test method according to claim 7,
the gateway station parameters include gateway station location information and initial ephemeris of the satellites;
the user terminal parameters include user terminal position information and initial ephemeris for the satellites.
10. The test method according to claim 7, wherein when the communication scenario is not changed, the next test can be performed from the time service of the test environment by applying the parameter configuration of the gateway station, the user terminal and the channel simulator.
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| CN112910538A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-06-04 | 航天科工空间工程发展有限公司 | Model-driven low-orbit communication satellite load testing method and system |
| CN113612546A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-05 | 重庆两江卫星移动通信有限公司 | Satellite mobile communication terminal physical layer test system and method |
| CN113676264A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-19 | 中国信息通信研究院 | System, method, device and equipment for testing performance of satellite communication system |
| CN115276764A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-01 | 四川创智联恒科技有限公司 | Comprehensive simulation system, method and storage medium for low earth orbit satellite access network system |
| CN115913330A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-04-04 | 中电防务科技有限公司 | Automatic testing device for gateway station of satellite mobile communication system |
| CN117639906A (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-03-01 | 成都星联芯通科技有限公司 | Method, device and system for testing performance of gateway station under high-orbit satellite broadband |
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