CN112018863A - Power supply adjusting circuit and power supply device - Google Patents

Power supply adjusting circuit and power supply device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112018863A
CN112018863A CN202010899395.9A CN202010899395A CN112018863A CN 112018863 A CN112018863 A CN 112018863A CN 202010899395 A CN202010899395 A CN 202010899395A CN 112018863 A CN112018863 A CN 112018863A
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China
Prior art keywords
power supply
voltage
electrically connected
resistor
module
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Granted
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CN202010899395.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112018863B (en
Inventor
冯焯能
谢坤林
曹明
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Guangzhou Xaircraft Technology Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Xaircraft Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of CN112018863A publication Critical patent/CN112018863A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0032—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
    • H02M1/0035—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode using burst mode control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a power supply adjusting circuit and a power supply device, and relates to the technical field of power supplies. The power supply adjusting circuit comprises a voltage adjusting module, a power supply switch module and a working state detection module, wherein the voltage adjusting module and the power supply switch module are connected between a power supply and the working state detection module in parallel, and the working state detection module is also electrically connected with electric equipment; the working state detection module detects the working state of the electric equipment, and when the working state of the electric equipment is working, the voltage regulation module is controlled to boost and regulate the power supply voltage provided by the power supply, so that the boosted and regulated voltage is provided to the electric equipment by the voltage regulation module; when the working state of the electric equipment is low in power consumption, the working state detection module controls the voltage regulation module to stop working, and then the power supply switch module supplies power supply voltage to the electric equipment. The power supply device can work in an efficient state when the electric equipment is in different working states, and power consumption loss is reduced.

Description

Power supply adjusting circuit and power supply device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supplies, in particular to a power supply adjusting circuit and a power supply device.
Background
In the existing equipment with separated power supply and power utilization, because the resistance of the wire is large, if the power supply voltage is not high, the power loss of the wire is overlarge. Therefore, the power supply voltage is generally boosted, but the boosting power conversion efficiency is not more than one hundred percent in the boosting process.
When the current is larger than a specific value, the conversion efficiency is high; when the current is less than a certain value, the conversion efficiency is low. When the power consumption equipment which works intermittently performs the boosting processing on the power supply voltage all the time, the boosting power conversion efficiency is low when the power consumption equipment is in a dormant state. If the boosting process is not performed, the power loss of the lead is too large.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention includes, for example, providing a power supply adjusting circuit and a power supply device, which can make the power supply device operate in an efficient state, reduce power consumption and prolong power supply time when the power consumption device operates in different operating states.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a power supply adjusting circuit, including a voltage adjusting module, a power supply switch module and a working state detecting module, where the voltage adjusting module and the power supply switch module are connected in parallel between a power supply and the working state detecting module, and the working state detecting module is further electrically connected to an electric device;
the working state detection module is used for detecting the working state of the electric equipment, and when the working state of the electric equipment is working, the voltage regulation module is controlled to boost and regulate the power supply voltage provided by the power supply, so that the boosted and regulated voltage is provided to the electric equipment by the voltage regulation module;
the working state detection module is also used for controlling the voltage regulation module to stop working when the working state of the electric equipment is low power consumption, and then the power supply switch module supplies the power supply voltage to the electric equipment.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a power supply apparatus, including a power supply and the power supply adjusting circuit of the first aspect.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the invention include, for example: a power supply adjusting circuit comprises a voltage adjusting module, a power supply switch module and a working state detection module, wherein the voltage adjusting module and the power supply switch module are connected between a power supply and the working state detection module in parallel, and the working state detection module is also electrically connected with electric equipment; the working state detection module is used for detecting the working state of the electric equipment, and when the working state of the electric equipment is working, the voltage regulation module is controlled to boost and regulate the power supply voltage provided by the power supply, so that the boosted and regulated voltage is provided to the electric equipment by the voltage regulation module; the working state detection module is also used for controlling the voltage regulation module to stop working when the working state of the electric equipment is low power consumption, and then the power supply switch module supplies power supply voltage to the electric equipment. Therefore, the working state of the electric equipment is detected through the working state detection module, the voltage regulation module is controlled to boost the power supply voltage when the working state of the electric equipment is working, the boosted regulation voltage is provided to the electric equipment, and the wire loss can be reduced. When the working state of the detected electric equipment is low power consumption, the power supply voltage can be directly supplied to the electric equipment through the power supply switch module, the power supply voltage is not boosted, and the boosting loss can be reduced. The power consumption equipment has efficient power voltage transmission in different working states, power consumption loss is reduced, electric energy is saved, and power supply time is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply equivalent model in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating power conversion efficiency of the prior art;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of another power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a power supply adjusting circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of another power supply adjustment circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a power supply adjusting circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a switching current threshold of a power supply regulation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of another power supply adjustment circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of another power supply adjustment circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of another power supply adjustment circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a circuit diagram of another power supply adjusting circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Icon: 10-a power supply device; 100-a power supply; 110-solar charging circuit; 120-a battery; 200-a supply regulation circuit; 210-a voltage regulation module; 211-a voltage conversion unit; 212-an isolation unit; 220-power supply switch module; 230-a working state detection module; 231-a current detection unit; 232-a handover control unit; 300-a solar panel; 20-a power consumer; rj-detection resistance; r1 — first resistance; r2 — second resistance; r3 — third resistance; r4-fourth resistor; r5-fifth resistor; r6-sixth resistance; r7 — seventh resistor; r8 — eighth resistance; r9 — ninth resistor; u1-amplifier; u2-comparator; U3-Voltage conversion chip; q1-first switch tube; q2-second switch tube; q3-third switch tube; q4-fourth switching tube; d1 — first diode; d2-second diode.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an equivalent power supply model between the power supply device 310 and the electrical device 320 is shown, where if the power supply power of the power supply device 310 is W and the power supply voltage is U, the power supply current I is W/U, and the power loss of the wire 330 is Wr I2R＝(W/U)2R and the resistance R are fixed values. Thus, when supplyingFor a given supply power of electrical device 310, the greater the supply voltage, the less the power loss of the wire. Therefore, the power loss of the wire can be reduced by adopting high-voltage electricity for power transmission.
For example, a monitoring station powered by a solar battery adopts two batteries for solar charging, the power of the monitoring station during working is about 5-15W, the power supply voltage is 7.5V, and the wiring resistance is about 1 ohm. If the voltage is not boosted for power transmission, the loss of the lead is 4W; if the supply voltage is boosted from 7.5V to 15V, the wire loss is 1W.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the conversion efficiency of synchronous boost DC-DC (direct current-direct current), it can be seen from fig. 2 that when the current is higher than 0.1A, the conversion efficiency is very high, which can reach 90%. However, when the current is less than 0.002A, the conversion efficiency is very low, and the efficiency is only about 10%.
For the monitoring station working at intervals, if the monitoring station works once every 30 minutes, the working time is 1 minute, and the power is 10W during working. The monitoring station enters the sleep mode after the work is finished, and the power of the monitoring station is 20mW when the monitoring station is in the sleep mode. Although the solar cell supply voltage is boosted to 15V, the wire loss of the monitoring station is reduced to 1W. However, after the monitoring station enters the sleep mode, the power consumption of voltage boosting conversion reaches about 200mW (according to the power of the monitoring station of 20mW, the power consumption is about 15V, the current supplied by the solar battery is only about 0.002A at the moment, and the conversion efficiency is only about 10 percent). If the monitoring station operates in a mode of 1 hour after 23 hours of sleep in one day, the power consumption of the monitoring station is about 598mAh after sleep every day. If the solar battery does not boost, the solar battery directly provides a power supply voltage of 7.5V. When the monitoring station is in sleep, the power supply current is about 20mW/7.5V to 2.6mA, and the power loss of the wire is negligible. The power consumption of the monitoring station during sleep is 2.6 mA/23 h/59.8 mAh, and the power consumption during sleep is only about 10% of that during 15V. However, if the power is supplied by 7.5V and 10W is supplied, the power loss of the lead is about 1.7W, which is higher than the sum of the conversion loss of boosting to 15V and the loss of the lead. If improve power supply again, the loss is bigger, and the electric current is bigger moreover, and the shared voltage of wire is bigger, and the power consumption voltage is smaller to the monitoring station, and is little to the certain degree, makes monitoring station work abnormal.
In order to solve the technical problem, the present application provides a power supply device, which can enable the power supply device to work in an efficient state when the power consumption device is in different working states, and can reduce power consumption and prolong power supply time.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an implementation of the power supply apparatus 10 provided in the present application. The power supply device 10 includes a power supply 100 and a power supply adjustment circuit 200, and the power supply 100 is electrically connected to the electric device 20 through the power supply adjustment circuit 200.
In the present embodiment, the power supply adjustment circuit 200 is configured to detect an operating state of the electric device 20, boost and adjust a power supply voltage provided by the power supply 100 when the operating state of the electric device 20 is operating, and provide the boosted and adjusted voltage to the electric device 20. When the operating state of the electric device 20 is low power consumption, the power supply voltage supplied from the power supply 100 is directly supplied to the electric device 20.
It can be seen that when the operating state of the electric device 20 is detected as operating, the power supply voltage is boosted, and the boosted regulated voltage is provided to the electric device 20, so that the wire loss can be reduced. When the operating state of the electric device 20 is detected to be low power consumption, the power supply voltage is directly supplied to the electric device 20 without performing the boosting process on the power supply voltage, and the boosting loss can be reduced. Therefore, the electric equipment 20 has efficient power transmission in different working states, power consumption is reduced, electric energy is saved, and power supply time is prolonged.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of another possible implementation of the power supply apparatus 10 of the present application. The power supply 100 includes a battery 120 and a solar charging circuit 110, the solar charging circuit 110 is electrically connected to the power supply adjusting circuit 200 through the battery 120, and the solar charging circuit 110 is electrically connected to the solar cell panel 300.
In the present embodiment, the solar charging circuit 110 is configured to convert the electric energy provided by the solar panel 300 and provide the converted electric energy to the battery 120; the battery 120 is used to store the converted electric energy and provide a power supply voltage to the power supply adjusting circuit 200.
It will be appreciated that the battery 120 is used to store electrical energy, to store solar energy during the day, and to provide the device with solar energy during the night.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of an implementation of the power supply adjusting circuit 200 shown in fig. 3. The power supply adjusting circuit 200 includes a voltage adjusting module 210, a power supply switch module 220, and a working state detecting module 230, wherein the voltage adjusting module 210 and the power supply switch module 220 are connected in parallel between the power supply 100 and the working state detecting module 230, and the working state detecting module 230 is further electrically connected to the power consumption device 20.
In this embodiment, the operating state detecting module 230 is configured to detect an operating state of the electrical device 20, and when the operating state of the electrical device 20 is operating, control the voltage regulating module 210 to boost and regulate the power voltage provided by the power supply 100, so that the voltage regulating module 210 provides the boosted and regulated voltage to the electrical device 20; the operating state detecting module 230 is further configured to control the voltage regulating module 210 to stop operating when the operating state of the electrical device 20 is low power consumption, and then the power supply switch module 220 provides the power voltage to the electrical device 20.
It can be seen that the operating state of the electric device 20 is detected by the operating state detecting module 230, and when the operating state of the electric device 20 is working, the voltage regulating module 210 is controlled to boost the power voltage, and the boosted regulated voltage is provided to the electric device 20, so that the loss of the conducting wire can be reduced. When the operating state of the electric device 20 is detected to be low power consumption, the power supply switch module 220 may directly provide the power supply voltage to the electric device 20 without performing a boosting process on the power supply voltage, so that a boosting loss may be reduced. Therefore, the electric equipment 20 has efficient power voltage transmission in different working states, power consumption is reduced, electric energy is saved, and power supply time is prolonged.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of another possible implementation of the power supply adjusting circuit 200. The working state detection module 230 includes a current detection unit 231 and a switching control unit 232, the voltage regulation module 210 and the power supply switch module 220 are electrically connected to the electric device 20 through the current detection unit 231, and the switching control unit 232 is electrically connected to both the current detection unit 231 and the voltage regulation module 210.
In the present embodiment, the current detection unit 231 is configured to detect the power consumption current of the power consumption device 20 and transmit the power consumption current to the switching control unit 232; the switching control unit 232 is configured to determine a working state of the electrical device 20 according to the power consumption current, and send a working instruction to the voltage adjustment module 210 when the working state of the electrical device 20 is working, so that the voltage adjustment module 210 performs boost adjustment on the power supply voltage according to the working instruction; the switching control unit 232 is further configured to send a work stopping instruction to the voltage regulating module 210 when the working state of the electric device 20 is the low power consumption state, so that the voltage regulating module 210 stops working according to the work stopping instruction.
It can be understood that the operating state of the electric device 20 can be identified by detecting the magnitude of the electric current of the electric device 20, and the electric device is switched to the corresponding boost power supply or direct power supply according to the operating state of the electric device 20. The switching control unit 232 may compare the power consumption current detected by the current detection unit 231 with a preset current threshold, and if the power consumption current is smaller than the current threshold, determine that the operating state of the power consumption device 20 is low power consumption, and send a stop instruction to the voltage adjustment module 210; if the power consumption current is greater than the current threshold, the working state of the power consumption device 20 is determined to be working, and the voltage regulating module 210 sends a working instruction.
In this case, the power voltage is boosted to the regulated voltage when the voltage regulation module 210 starts to operate. When the power supply voltage is boosted to the regulated voltage, the power demand of the electric equipment 20 is not changed due to the sudden rise of the voltage, so that the electric current of the electric equipment 20 is suddenly reduced. In order to prevent the sudden change of the current due to the increase of the voltage, the working state of the electric equipment 20 is wrongly judged as low power consumption; when the voltage regulating module 210 stops operating, the power supplied to the electric equipment 20 is reduced from the regulated voltage to the power voltage, and the power demand of the electric equipment 20 is not changed due to the sudden voltage reduction, so that the power consumption current of the electric equipment 20 is suddenly increased. In order to prevent the operating state of the electric equipment 20 from being erroneously determined as operating due to sudden change in current caused by voltage drop, the current threshold may be set to a low current threshold and a high current threshold. The switching control unit 232 compares the power consumption current with a low current threshold and a high current threshold, and if the power consumption current is smaller than the low current threshold, determines that the operating state of the power consumption device 20 is low power consumption; if the power consumption current is greater than the high current threshold, the operating state of the power consumption device 20 is determined to be operating. Even if the current suddenly decreases due to a sudden rise in voltage, the supply current is not less than the low current threshold, and therefore the switching control unit 232 determines the operating state of the electric device 20 as operating.
In this embodiment, the operating state of the electric device 20 is low power consumption, and the operating state of the electric device 20 may be considered as sleep.
To facilitate understanding of the working principle of the working status detecting module 230, please refer to fig. 7, which is a schematic circuit diagram of an implementable power supply adjusting circuit 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The current detection unit 231 includes a detection resistor Rj and an amplifier U1, the voltage regulation module 210 and the power supply switch module 220 are electrically connected to the electric device 20 through the detection resistor Rj, the detection resistor Rj is connected in parallel to the positive phase input terminal and the negative phase input terminal of the amplifier U1, and the output terminal of the amplifier U1 is electrically connected to the switching control unit 232.
In the present embodiment, the detection resistor Rj is used to detect the power consumption current of the power consumption device 20; the amplifier U1 is configured to amplify the power consumption current and transmit the amplified power consumption current to the switching control unit 232.
It will be appreciated that if sense resistor Rj is set to 0.005 ohms and amplifier U1 has a 200 times amplification. If the detected current consumption is I, the amplified current consumption output by the amplifier U1 is Vout 200x0.005. The amplifier U1 not only has an amplifying function, but also can represent the power consumption current in the form of voltage, so the unit of the amplified power consumption current Vout is volt.
As shown in fig. 7, the switching control unit 232 includes a comparator U2, a first switch Q1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3, a positive phase input terminal of the comparator U2 is electrically connected to the current detection unit 231, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 are connected in series between the power supply 100 and the ground, an negative phase input terminal of the comparator U2 is electrically connected between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, a third pin of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 through the third resistor R3, a second pin of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to the ground, and an output terminal of the comparator U2 is electrically connected to both the first pin of the first switch Q1 and the voltage adjustment module 210.
In the present embodiment, the first switch Q1, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are used for providing a reference voltage to the comparator U2; the comparator U2 is used for determining the operating state of the electric device 20 according to the reference voltage and the electric current.
It will be appreciated that the output of the amplifier U1 is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of the comparator U2. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 divide the voltage to provide a high current threshold for the comparator U2, where Vmax is Vcc R2/(R1+ R2), Vcc is an operating voltage, R2 is a resistance of the second resistor R2, R1 is a resistance of the first resistor R1, and Vmax is volt. The voltage division of the parallel connection value of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 and the first resistor R1 provides a low current threshold for the comparator U2, where the low current threshold Vmin is Vcc rs/(R1+ rs), and rs is the parallel connection value of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3. The parallel connection value rs of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 is R2R 3/(R2+ R3), and R3 is the resistance value of the third resistor R3.
Specifically, before the electrical device 20 is powered on, the current I is 0, and the amplified current Vout is also 0, so that the value of the positive phase input terminal of the comparator U2 is smaller than the value of the negative phase input terminal, the output terminal of the comparator U2 outputs a low-level stop instruction, the voltage regulating module 210 stops operating, and the power supply of the electrical device 20 is in the non-boost mode. And the first pin of the first switching tube Q1 receives a stop operation command, so that the second pin and the third pin of the first switching tube Q1 are in an off state, and at this time, the inverting input terminal of the comparator U2 obtains a high current threshold Vmax.
When the power consumption device 20 is turned on, the power consumption current I starts to increase, the amplified power consumption current Vout also starts to increase, and when the amplified power consumption current Vout increases to be greater than the high current threshold Vmax, the output end of the comparator U2 outputs a high-level working instruction, the voltage regulation module 210 performs boost regulation, and the power supply of the power consumption device 20 is in a boost mode. And the first pin of the first switch Q1 receives the working command, and the second pin and the third pin of the first switch Q1 are in a conducting state, and at this time, the inverting input terminal of the comparator U2 obtains the low current threshold Vmin. When the voltage regulation module 210 starts to perform voltage boost regulation, that is, when the power supply voltage is boosted to the regulated voltage, the supply current decreases due to a sudden increase in voltage, and the amplified current Vout also decreases accordingly, and is smaller than the high current threshold Vmax but larger than the low current threshold Vmin, so the value of the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator U2 is still larger than the value of the inverting input terminal, and the output terminal of the comparator U2 still outputs the operation command. The power consumption of the electrical device 20 is not erroneously determined to be low because the supply current suddenly decreases below the current threshold when the voltage regulation module 210 starts to operate.
When the electric equipment 20 finishes working and enters the low power consumption mode, the power consumption current I starts to become low, the amplified power consumption current Vout also starts to fall, and when the amplified power consumption current Vout falls to be smaller than the low current threshold value Vmin, the output end of the comparator U2 outputs a low-level stop working instruction, the voltage regulation module 210 stops working, and the electric equipment 20 is supplied with power in a non-boosting mode. And the first pin of the first switching tube Q1 receives a stop operation command, so that the second pin and the third pin of the first switching tube Q1 are in an off state, and at this time, the inverting input terminal of the comparator U2 obtains a high current threshold Vmax. When the voltage regulation module 210 starts to stop operating, that is, when the power supply of the electrical device 20 is changed from the regulated voltage to the power supply voltage, the power supply current suddenly decreases and increases, and the amplified power consumption current Vout also increases accordingly, and is greater than the low current threshold Vmin but smaller than the high current threshold Vmax, so the value of the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator U2 is still smaller than the value of the inverting input terminal, and the output terminal of the comparator U2 still outputs the stop operating command. The power supply current cannot be suddenly increased to be higher than the current threshold value due to sudden change of the voltage, and the working state of the electric equipment 20 is not judged to be working by mistake.
As shown in fig. 8, for the schematic diagram of the switching current threshold provided in this embodiment, the high current threshold may be set to 0.148A, and the low current threshold may be set to 0.049A. When the power current increases from 0 to greater than 0.148A, the voltage regulation module 210 boosts the power supply voltage, providing a regulated voltage of 15V to the powered device 20. When the power current starts to fall below 0.049A, the voltage regulation module 210 stops the boosting process, and the power voltage of 7.5V is directly supplied to the power consumption device 20. When the current is between 0.049A and 0.148A, the switching is not carried out, and the original power supply voltage is maintained.
In this embodiment, the power switch module 220 may adopt various schemes to switch between the regulated voltage and the power supply voltage. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the power switch module 220 includes a second switch tube Q2, a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5, a first pin of the second switch tube Q2 is electrically connected to the switching control unit through the fifth resistor R5, a third pin of the second switch tube Q2 is electrically connected to the power supply 100, a fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected between the third pin of the second switch tube Q2 and the switching control unit, and a second pin of the second switch tube Q2 is electrically connected to the current detection unit 231.
In this embodiment, the switching control unit is further configured to send an operating instruction to the second switching tube Q2 when the operating state of the electrical device 20 is operating, so that the second switching tube Q2 is in an off state, and further stop transmitting the power voltage to the electrical device 20; the switching control unit is further configured to send a stop instruction to the second switch tube Q2 when the operating state of the electrical device 20 is the sleep state, so that the second switch tube Q2 is in a conducting state, and further, the power voltage is transmitted to the electrical device 20.
It is understood that the power supply switching module 220 of this embodiment is controlled to turn on and off by the operation command and the stop operation command output from the current detection unit 231.
The first pin of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the comparator U2 through the fifth resistor R5, and the second pin of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to the detection resistor Rj. When the first pin of the second switch Q2 receives a working command, the second pin and the third pin of the second switch Q2 are turned off, so that the regulated voltage can be prevented from flowing backward to the power supply 100. When the first pin of the second switch Q2 receives the stop command, the second pin and the third pin of the second switch Q2 are connected, and the power voltage of the power supply 100 can be directly provided to the electric device 20 through the second switch Q2.
As shown in fig. 10, which is a circuit schematic diagram of another possible implementation of the power supply switch module 220, the power supply switch module 220 includes a first diode D1, an anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the power supply 100, and a cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the current detection unit 231.
It is understood that the power supply switch module 220 of this embodiment is not controlled to turn on and off by the operation command and the stop operation command output from the current detection unit 231.
The cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the detection resistor Rj. When the comparator U2 outputs the operation command, the voltage conversion unit 211 provides the regulated voltage, and since the regulated voltage is higher than the power voltage, the power voltage outputted from the cathode of the first diode D1 is pulled up to the regulated voltage, and the regulated voltage is provided to the electric device 20. The first diode D1 also provides reverse regulated voltage back to the power supply 100. When the comparator U2 outputs the stop operation command, the voltage conversion unit 211 stops boosting, no regulated voltage is provided, and the power voltage output from the first diode D1 is provided to the electric device 20.
Of course, in other embodiments, the power switch module 220 may also adopt other embodiments, and is not limited herein.
As shown in fig. 6, the voltage regulating module 210 includes a voltage converting unit 211, the power supply 100 is electrically connected to the current detecting unit 231 through the voltage converting unit 211, and the voltage converting unit 211 is also electrically connected to the switching control unit 232. The voltage conversion unit 211 is configured to perform boost regulation on the power supply voltage according to the working instruction; the voltage conversion unit 211 is further configured to stop operating according to the stop operating instruction.
It is understood that when the voltage converting unit 211 receives the operation command, the voltage converting unit 211 performs a step-up regulation on the power voltage, obtains a regulated voltage, and provides the regulated voltage to the electric device 20. When the voltage conversion unit 211 receives the stop instruction, the voltage conversion unit 211 stops working, the power supply voltage is not boosted and regulated, and no regulated voltage is generated.
Fig. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of another possible implementation of the power supply adjusting circuit 200. The voltage conversion unit 211 includes a voltage conversion chip U3, an input terminal of the voltage conversion chip U3 is electrically connected to the power supply 100, an output terminal of the voltage conversion chip U3 is electrically connected to the current detection unit 231, and an enable terminal of the voltage conversion chip U3 is electrically connected to the switching control unit 232.
It can be understood that the output terminal of the voltage conversion chip U3 is electrically connected to the detection resistor Rj, and the enable terminal of the voltage conversion chip U3 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the comparator U2. When the enable terminal of the voltage conversion chip U3 receives the operation command, the voltage conversion chip U3 performs boost regulation on the power supply voltage, obtains a regulated voltage, and supplies the regulated voltage to the electric device 20. When the enable end of the voltage conversion chip U3 receives the stop operation command, the voltage conversion chip U3 stops operating, the power supply voltage is not boosted and regulated, and no regulated voltage is generated.
As shown in fig. 6, the voltage regulating module 210 further includes an isolation unit 212, and the voltage converting unit 211 is electrically connected to the current detecting unit 231 through the isolation unit 212. The isolation unit 212 is used for preventing the power voltage provided by the power switch module 220 from flowing backward to the voltage conversion unit 211 when the voltage conversion unit 211 stops working.
In this embodiment, the isolation unit 212 may adopt various schemes to prevent the power voltage from flowing backward to the voltage conversion unit 211. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of the isolation unit 212. The isolation unit 212 includes a third switch tube Q3, a fourth switch tube Q4, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, and a ninth resistor R9, a third pin of the third switch tube Q3 is electrically connected to the voltage conversion unit 211, a second pin of the third switch tube Q3 is electrically connected to the current detection unit 231, a first pin of the third switch tube Q3 is electrically connected to a second pin of the fourth switch tube Q4 through the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7 is connected in parallel between the third pin of the third switch tube Q3 and the second pin of the fourth switch tube Q4, a first pin of the fourth switch tube Q4 is electrically connected to the voltage conversion unit 211 through the eighth resistor R8, a third pin of the fourth switch tube Q4 is electrically connected to the ground, and the ninth resistor R9 is electrically connected between the first pin of the fourth switch tube Q4 and the ground.
It can be understood that the third pin of the third switching tube Q3 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage conversion chip U3, the first pin of the fourth switching tube Q4 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage conversion chip U3 through the eighth resistor R8, and the second pin of the third switching tube Q3 is electrically connected to the detection resistor Rj.
When the voltage conversion chip U3 outputs the regulated voltage, the fourth switching tube Q4 is in a conducting state. The conducting state of the fourth transistor Q4 makes the third transistor Q3 in a conducting state, so that the regulated voltage is transmitted to the electric device 20 through the third transistor Q3. When the voltage conversion chip U3 has no regulated voltage output, the fourth switching tube Q4 is in an off state. When the fourth switching transistor Q4 is turned off, the third switching transistor Q3 is also turned off, so as to prevent the power voltage provided by the power switch module 220 from flowing backward to the voltage conversion chip U3.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another possible implementation of the isolation unit 212. The isolation unit 212 includes a second diode D2, an anode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the voltage conversion unit 211, and a cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the current detection unit 231.
It is understood that the anode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage converting chip U3, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the detection resistor Rj.
Wherein, when the voltage conversion chip U3 outputs the regulated voltage, the regulated voltage is transmitted to the electric device 20 through the second diode D2. When the voltage conversion chip U3 has no regulated voltage output, the power voltage provided by the power switch module 220 can be prevented from flowing backward to the voltage conversion chip U3 because of the one-way conductivity of the second diode D2.
In this embodiment, the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, and the third switch Q3 may be MOS transistors (Metal Oxide Semiconductor field effect transistors), and the fourth switch Q4 may be a triode. The first pin of the first switch tube Q1, the first pin of the second switch tube Q2, and the first pin of the third switch tube Q3 may be gates of MOS transistors, the second pin of the first switch tube Q1, the second pin of the second switch tube Q2, and the second pin of the third switch tube Q3 may be sources of MOS transistors, and the third pin of the first switch tube Q1, the third pin of the second switch tube Q2, and the third pin of the third switch tube Q3 may be drains of MOS transistors. The first pin of the fourth switching tube Q4 may be a base of a triode, the second pin of the fourth switching tube Q4 may be an emitter of the triode, and the third pin of the fourth switching tube Q4 may be a collector of the triode.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply adjusting circuit and a power supply apparatus, where the power supply adjusting circuit includes a voltage adjusting module, a power supply switch module and a working state detecting module, the voltage adjusting module and the power supply switch module are connected in parallel between a power supply and the working state detecting module, and the working state detecting module is further electrically connected to an electrical device; the working state detection module is used for detecting the working state of the electric equipment, and when the working state of the electric equipment is working, the voltage regulation module is controlled to boost and regulate the power supply voltage provided by the power supply, so that the boosted and regulated voltage is provided to the electric equipment by the voltage regulation module; the working state detection module is also used for controlling the voltage regulation module to stop working when the working state of the electric equipment is low power consumption, and then the power supply switch module supplies power supply voltage to the electric equipment. Therefore, the working state of the electric equipment is detected through the working state detection module, the voltage regulation module is controlled to boost the power supply voltage when the working state of the electric equipment is working, the boosted regulation voltage is provided to the electric equipment, and the wire loss can be reduced. When the working state of the detected electric equipment is low power consumption, the power supply voltage can be directly supplied to the electric equipment through the power supply switch module, the power supply voltage is not boosted, and the boosting loss can be reduced. The power consumption equipment has efficient power voltage transmission in different working states, power consumption loss is reduced, electric energy is saved, and power supply time is prolonged.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. A power supply adjusting circuit is characterized by comprising a voltage adjusting module, a power supply switch module and a working state detection module, wherein the voltage adjusting module and the power supply switch module are connected between a power supply and the working state detection module in parallel, and the working state detection module is also electrically connected with electric equipment;
the working state detection module is used for detecting the working state of the electric equipment, and when the working state of the electric equipment is working, the voltage regulation module is controlled to boost and regulate the power supply voltage provided by the power supply, so that the boosted and regulated voltage is provided to the electric equipment by the voltage regulation module;
the working state detection module is also used for controlling the voltage regulation module to stop working when the working state of the electric equipment is low power consumption, and then the power supply switch module supplies the power supply voltage to the electric equipment.
2. The power supply adjustment circuit according to claim 1, wherein the operating state detection module comprises a current detection unit and a switching control unit, the voltage adjustment module and the power supply switch module are electrically connected to the electrical equipment through the current detection unit, respectively, and the switching control unit is electrically connected to both the current detection unit and the voltage adjustment module;
the current detection unit is used for detecting the electricity utilization current of the electric equipment and transmitting the electricity utilization current to the switching control unit;
the switching control unit is used for judging the working state of the electric equipment according to the power utilization current, and sending a working instruction to the voltage regulation module when the working state of the electric equipment is working so that the voltage regulation module performs boost regulation on the power supply voltage according to the working instruction;
the switching control unit is further used for sending a work stopping instruction to the voltage regulating module when the working state of the electric equipment is low power consumption, so that the voltage regulating module stops working according to the work stopping instruction.
3. The power supply adjustment circuit according to claim 2, wherein the current detection unit includes a detection resistor and an amplifier, the voltage adjustment module and the power supply switch module are electrically connected to the power consumption device through the detection resistor, respectively, the detection resistor is connected in parallel to a non-inverting input terminal and an inverting input terminal of the amplifier, and an output terminal of the amplifier is electrically connected to the switching control unit;
the detection resistor is used for detecting the power utilization current of the power utilization equipment;
the amplifier is used for amplifying the power utilization current and transmitting the amplified power utilization current to the switching control unit.
4. The power supply adjustment circuit according to claim 2, wherein the switching control unit includes a comparator, a first switch tube, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor, a positive input terminal of the comparator is electrically connected to the current detection unit, the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series between the power supply and a ground, a negative input terminal of the comparator is electrically connected between the first resistor and the second resistor, a third pin of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the first resistor and the second resistor through the third resistor, a second pin of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the ground, and an output terminal of the comparator is electrically connected to both the first pin of the first switch tube and the voltage adjustment module;
the first switch tube, the first resistor, the second resistor and the third resistor are used for providing a reference voltage for the comparator;
the comparator is used for judging the working state of the electric equipment according to the reference voltage and the electric current.
5. The power supply adjustment circuit according to claim 2, wherein the power supply switch module includes a second switch tube, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, a first pin of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the switching control unit through the fifth resistor, a third pin of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the power supply, the fourth resistor is electrically connected between the third pin of the second switch tube and the switching control unit, and a second pin of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the current detection unit;
the switching control unit is further configured to send a working instruction to the second switching tube when the electrical equipment is in a working state, so that the second switching tube is in an off state, and the transmission of the power supply voltage to the electrical equipment is stopped;
the switching control unit is further configured to send a work stop instruction to the second switching tube when the working state of the electric equipment is dormant, so that the second switching tube is in a conducting state, and the power supply voltage is transmitted to the electric equipment.
6. The power supply adjustment circuit of claim 2, wherein the power supply switch module comprises a first diode, an anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the power supply, and a cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the current detection unit.
7. The power supply adjustment circuit according to claim 2, wherein the voltage adjustment module comprises a voltage conversion unit, the power supply is electrically connected to the current detection unit through the voltage conversion unit, and the voltage conversion unit is further electrically connected to the switching control unit;
the voltage conversion unit is used for performing boost regulation on the power supply voltage according to the working instruction;
the voltage conversion unit is also used for stopping working according to the working stopping instruction.
8. The power supply adjustment circuit according to claim 7, wherein the voltage conversion unit comprises a voltage conversion chip, an input terminal of the voltage conversion chip is electrically connected to the power supply, an output terminal of the voltage conversion chip is electrically connected to the current detection unit, and an enable terminal of the voltage conversion chip is electrically connected to the switching control unit.
9. The power supply adjustment circuit according to claim 7, wherein the voltage regulation module further comprises an isolation unit, and the voltage conversion unit is electrically connected with the current detection unit through the isolation unit;
the isolation unit is used for preventing the power supply voltage provided by the power supply switch module from flowing backwards to the voltage conversion unit when the voltage conversion unit stops working.
10. The power supply adjustment circuit of claim 9, wherein the isolation unit comprises a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, and a ninth resistor, a third pin of the third switching tube is electrically connected with the voltage conversion unit, a second pin of the third switching tube is electrically connected with the current detection unit, the first pin of the third switching tube is electrically connected with the second pin of the fourth switching tube through the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor is connected in parallel between the third pin of the third switching tube and the second pin of the fourth switching tube, the first pin of the fourth switching tube is electrically connected with the voltage conversion unit through the eighth resistor, and a third pin of the fourth switching tube is electrically connected with the ground wire, and the ninth resistor is electrically connected between the first pin of the fourth switching tube and the ground wire.
11. The power supply adjustment circuit according to claim 9, wherein the isolation unit includes a second diode, an anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the voltage conversion unit, and a cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the current detection unit.
12. A power supply arrangement comprising a power supply and a power supply adjustment circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. The power supply device of claim 12, wherein the power source comprises a battery and a solar charging circuit, the solar charging circuit is electrically connected with the power supply adjusting circuit through the battery, and the solar charging circuit is electrically connected with the solar cell panel;
the solar charging circuit is used for converting the electric energy provided by the solar panel and providing the converted electric energy to the battery;
the battery is used for storing the converted electric energy and providing power supply voltage for the power supply adjusting circuit.
CN202010899395.9A 2020-08-31 2020-08-31 Power supply adjusting circuit and power supply device Active CN112018863B (en)

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