CN112018504A

CN112018504A - Antenna radiation unit and base station antenna

Info

Publication number: CN112018504A
Application number: CN201910474655.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 葛磊; 邓有杰; 赵田野; 黄新文; 刘文达
Original assignee: Shenzhen Shenda Weitong Technology Co ltd; Zhongtian Broadband Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhongtian Communication Technology Co ltd; Zhongtian Broadband Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-30
Filing date: 2019-05-30
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Also published as: WO2020237758A1

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna radiation unit, which comprises a first substrate, a first patch and a second patch which are sequentially stacked, wherein the first patch is arranged on the first substrate and faces the second patch, an air space is arranged between the first patch and the second patch, and the antenna radiation unit further comprises a feed structure which is connected with a feed source so as to excite the first patch. The invention also provides a base station antenna. According to the antenna radiation unit provided by the invention, the characteristics of the dielectric patch antenna and the air patch antenna are combined, namely the first patch is arranged on the first substrate and is equivalent to the dielectric patch antenna, and the air space is arranged between the second patch and the first patch and is equivalent to the air patch antenna, so that the size of the antenna radiation unit is between the dielectric patch antenna and the air patch antenna, the size is small, the section is low, the isolation degree is high, the gain is high, and the wider working bandwidth is supported.

Description

Antenna radiation unit and base station antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna radiation unit and a base station antenna.

Background

With the development of communication technology, people have higher and higher demands on communication quality. The new generation of 5G mobile communication technology widely adopts MIMO (large-scale multiple input multiple output) array antennas, which are required to meet the following requirements: 1) the antenna has a low profile, namely is miniaturized, the size of the antenna is reduced, the antenna is favorably integrated with radio frequency modules such as a filter, a power amplifier and the like, and the spatial distribution of the whole system and the mutual compatibility of the modules are related; 2) the isolation is high, and the mutual coupling among antenna ports can enhance the correlation among signals, thereby influencing the wireless transmission efficiency of the system; 3) high-gain, 5G communication technology has adopted higher antenna frequency, consequently needs denser antenna layout, and high-gain antenna can cover bigger area, can effectively reduce the quantity of antenna, saves cost.

The solutions adopted by most companies today are roughly: firstly, symmetrical dipole antenna, secondly, air patch antenna, these two kinds of antenna size are great, and the former is difficult to be done low section, and the isolation is poor moreover, and the latter is though high low energy satisfies low section requirement, but the isolation is also poor, and both need load a large amount of parting strips, and this can lead to antenna directional diagram serious deformation, influence the uniformity of antenna.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide an antenna radiation unit, and aims to solve the problem that a complex antenna structure needs to be designed to obtain good antenna performance in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an antenna radiation unit, where the antenna radiation unit includes a first substrate, a first patch, and a second patch, which are sequentially stacked, the first patch is disposed on the first substrate and faces the second patch, an air space is disposed between the first patch and the second patch, and the antenna radiation unit further includes a feed structure, where the feed structure is connected to a feed source to excite the first patch.

Optionally, the antenna radiation unit further includes a second substrate, and the feed structure is disposed on the second substrate.

Optionally, two opposite surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate are both provided with metal strata, the two metal strata are connected by welding, and the feed structure is arranged on the surface of the second substrate departing from the first substrate.

Optionally, the feed structure includes two groups of power dividers, each of the power dividers includes an input end and two output ends connected to the input end; through holes are formed in the first substrate and the second substrate, and each metal stratum is provided with an opening;

the antenna radiation unit further comprises two metal connecting pieces, each metal connecting piece sequentially penetrates through the through hole of the second substrate, the opening and the through hole of the first substrate to be connected with each output end and the first patch, and a gap is formed between each metal connecting piece and the edge of the opening;

each input end is connected with the feed source.

Optionally, the antenna radiation unit further includes a third substrate, and the second patch is disposed on the third substrate.

Optionally, the antenna radiation unit further includes a dielectric support disposed between the second substrate and the third substrate, the dielectric support is a hollow structure, the dielectric support supports the third substrate, and the first substrate is located in the dielectric support;

the medium support piece is provided with a buckle, the second substrate and the third substrate are both provided with a clamping hole, and the buckle penetrates through the clamping hole to connect the second substrate and the third substrate.

Optionally, the third substrate and the medium support are integrally formed or separately formed.

Optionally, the first substrate and the medium support are integrally formed or separately formed.

Optionally, a distance between the first patch and the second patch is less than or equal to one eighth wavelength, where the wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the antenna radiation unit.

The antenna radiation unit provided by the invention combines the characteristics of the dielectric patch antenna and the air patch antenna, namely the first patch is arranged on the dielectric substrate and is equivalent to the dielectric patch antenna, and the air dielectric layer arranged between the second patch and the first patch is equivalent to the air patch antenna, so that the size of the antenna radiation unit is between that of the dielectric patch antenna and the air patch antenna, the antenna radiation unit is small in size, low in section, high in isolation degree and gain, and capable of supporting wider working bandwidth.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a base station antenna, where the base station antenna includes a power dividing plate, a reflecting plate, and the antenna radiation unit as described above, and the antenna radiation unit and the reflecting plate are respectively disposed on two surfaces of the power dividing plate that are away from each other, or the antenna radiation unit and the power dividing plate are respectively disposed on two surfaces of the reflecting plate that are away from each other.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of an antenna radiating element of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a perspective view of an antenna radiation unit according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a top view of a dielectric substrate of the antenna radiating element of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a side view of a dielectric substrate of the radiating element of the antenna of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an antenna radiation unit including two dielectric substrates according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a bottom view of a first substrate of an antenna radiating element comprising two dielectric substrates according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a feeding structure on a second substrate of the antenna radiation unit according to the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of an opening of a metal bottom layer on a first substrate of a radiating element of an antenna according to the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the geometric connection of the feeding structure on the second substrate of the antenna radiation unit of the present invention;

fig. 10 is an exploded view of an antenna radiation element including a third substrate according to the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of an antenna radiation unit including a hollow-structured dielectric support according to the present invention;

fig. 12 is a top view of a third substrate of the radiating element of the antenna of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a media support with a buckle for an antenna radiation unit according to the present invention;

fig. 14 is a bottom view of the second substrate with card holes of the antenna radiating element of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a top view of a third substrate with a card hole of the antenna radiating element of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a dielectric support with positioning posts for an antenna radiation unit according to the present invention;

fig. 17 is a bottom view of a second substrate with positioning holes for an antenna radiating element according to the present invention;

fig. 18 is a top view of a third substrate with positioning holes for an antenna radiating element according to the present invention;

fig. 19 is a top view of a second substrate with solder positioning holes for an antenna radiating element of the present invention;

fig. 20 is a top view of a first substrate with solder positioning holes for an antenna radiating element of the present invention;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural view illustrating a dielectric support of an antenna radiation unit and a third substrate integrally formed or separately formed;

fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiation unit including an integrally formed or separately formed dielectric support and a third substrate according to the present invention;

fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom view angle of an integrally or separately formed third substrate and a dielectric support of an antenna radiation unit according to the present invention;

fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiation unit including an integrally formed or separately formed third substrate, a dielectric support, and a first substrate according to the present invention;

fig. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of the integrally or separately formed third substrate, the dielectric support, and the first substrate of the antenna radiation unit according to the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing simulation results of standing waves for two polarizations of the antenna radiating element of the present invention;

fig. 27 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of the isolation between two polarizations of the antenna radiating element of the present invention;

fig. 28 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of gain of the antenna radiation unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of a base station antenna according to the present invention;

fig. 30 is a schematic structural diagram of a power division board of a base station antenna according to the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate:

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a front view of an antenna radiation unit in an embodiment of the present invention, where the antenna radiation unit 1 includes: first base plate 30, first paster 20 and the second paster 10 of establishing superpose in proper order, first paster 20 set up in on the first base plate 30 and towards the second paster 10, first paster 20 with be equipped with the air space between the second paster 10, antenna radiating element 1 still includes feed structure, feed structure connects the feed is in order to encourage first paster 20.

It should be noted that the first patch 20 and the second patch 10 are both metal radiating patches, which are radiators of the antenna radiating unit provided in this embodiment. The first patch 20 and the second patch 10 may be connected by various types of support structures, such as a plurality of support posts, and the connection may be by bonding, snapping, welding, or fastening with screws or rivets.

It is understood that the feeding structure in the present embodiment may include other transmission lines such as microstrip lines, coplanar waveguides, and striplines, or a combination of various types of transmission lines. The feed structure and the feed source transmit signals of the feed source to the first patch in a direct connection or coupling mode, and the first patch forms current and simultaneously excites the second patch to form a radiation field.

Further, the first patch 20 and the second patch 10 are disposed in parallel spaced apart relation. When the distance between the first patch 20 and the second patch 10 is too large, the coupling between the first patch 20 and the second patch 10 is too weak, which affects the working bandwidth, whereas when the distance between the first patch 20 and the second patch 10 is too small, the working bandwidth becomes narrower, therefore, preferably, the distance between the first patch 20 and the second patch 10 is less than or equal to one eighth wavelength, wherein the wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna radiation unit provided in this embodiment.

According to the antenna radiation unit provided by the embodiment, due to the combination of the characteristics of the dielectric patch antenna and the air patch antenna, namely, the first patch is arranged on the first substrate and is equivalent to the dielectric patch antenna, and the air space is arranged between the second patch and the first patch and is equivalent to the air patch antenna, so that the size of the antenna radiation unit is between that of the dielectric patch antenna and that of the air patch antenna, the size is small, the section is low, and the isolation is high; meanwhile, as most part of the part below the second patch is air medium, energy is easier to radiate, and the dielectric loss of the antenna is small, the gain of the whole antenna radiation unit is high, and wider working bandwidth is supported.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, in another embodiment, the antenna radiation unit includes a support 40 disposed between the second patch 10 and the first substrate 30, the feeding structure 50 and the first patch 20 are disposed on the same surface of the first substrate 30, and a metal ground layer 60 is disposed on a surface of the first substrate 30 facing away from the feeding structure 50. Wherein, support piece's one end fixed connection is on first base plate, and the other end and second paster fixed connection.

Specifically, the feed structure 50 includes two input terminals (51, 52) and four output terminals (53, 54, 55, 56). An input 51 is connected to a feed for splitting a signal from the feed via a transmission line to two outputs (53, 54) connected to an edge portion of a first patch for transmitting the signal to the first patch, and similarly an input 52 is connected to another feed for splitting a signal from the feed via a transmission line to two other outputs (55, 56) connected to an edge portion of the first patch for transmitting the signal to the first patch.

Alternatively, the first patch and the second patch may be square, circular or polygonal in shape.

In the antenna radiation unit of this embodiment, the first patch is supported by the plurality of supporting members fixed to the dielectric substrate to form an air gap between the first patch and the second patch, so that the advantage of small size of the dielectric patch antenna and the advantage of low loss of the air patch antenna are combined, and the feed structure is also arranged on the dielectric substrate, so that the overall size of the antenna radiation unit is further reduced, and a miniaturized, high-isolation and high-gain composite antenna is provided.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in another embodiment, the antenna radiation unit further includes a second substrate 90, and the feeding structure 50 is disposed on the second substrate 90.

Optionally, a metal pad 35 is disposed on a surface of the first substrate 30 away from the second patch 10, and a feeding structure 50 is disposed on a surface of the second substrate 90 facing the metal ground layer of the first substrate 30, wherein the feeding structure 50 is disposed around the first substrate 30, a plurality of pads are disposed on the first substrate 30, and a plurality of pads are correspondingly disposed on the second substrate, and the first substrate 30 is welded to a plurality of corresponding pads on the second substrate 90 through the plurality of pads 35 disposed thereon.

Optionally, two opposite surfaces of the first substrate 30 and the second substrate 90 are respectively provided with a metal ground layer, the two metal ground layers are connected by welding, and the feeding structure 50 is disposed on a surface of the second substrate 90 that faces away from the first substrate 30. Wherein, preferably, the projection of the metal ground layer of the first substrate 30 on the first substrate 30 is approximately overlapped with the metal ground layer of the opposite second substrate 90, so that the two metal ground layers are connected together by welding.

It should be noted that, the metal ground layer is arranged to reduce the influence of the feed structure on the radiation patterns generated by the first patch and the second patch, improve the cross polarization of the antenna radiation unit, and improve the isolation of the antenna radiation unit.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a front view of a side of a second substrate 90 on which a feeding structure 50 is located, where the feeding structure 50 includes two groups of power dividers, each of which includes an input terminal (51 or 52) and two output terminals (53, 54 or 55, 56) connected to the input terminal; through holes are formed in the second substrate 90 and the first substrate 30, and each metal layer is provided with an opening;

the antenna radiation unit 1 further comprises two metal connecting pieces, each metal connecting piece sequentially penetrates through the through hole of the second substrate, the opening and the through hole of the first substrate to connect each output end with the second patch, and a gap is formed between each metal connecting piece and the edge of the opening; each input end is connected with the feed source.

Taking an input end on one surface of the second substrate in the feed structure as an example, the input end is connected to one end of a metal connecting piece, and the other end of the metal connecting piece is connected to the second patch through a through hole in the second substrate, an opening of the metal ground layer on the other surface of the second substrate, and an opening of the metal ground layer on the first substrate in sequence.

Note that the input terminal 51 is connected to the

output terminals

53 and 54 through a transmission line 57, and the input terminal 52 is connected to the

output terminals

55 and 56 through a transmission line 58.

More specifically, each metal connecting piece comprises two metal needles and two metal sheets, wherein the two metal needles respectively penetrate through the through hole of the second substrate and the through hole of the first substrate, the two metal sheets are respectively positioned in the holes of the two metal ground layers and are welded and connected, and a gap is reserved between the metal sheets and the edge of the opening to keep the metal sheets and the metal ground layers disconnected and prevent short circuit.

Taking an output end of the feed structure on one surface of the second substrate as an example, the output end is connected to one end of a metal pin, the other end of the metal pin passes through a through hole in the second substrate to be connected to a metal sheet in an opening of a metal ground layer on the other surface of the second substrate, and the metal sheet in the opening of the metal ground layer on the first substrate is connected to the second patch through another metal pin. Fig. 8 is a front view of the first substrate 30 having a metal ground layer, in which four openings 31 are formed, the positions of the four openings correspond to the positions of the four output terminals of the feeding structure, respectively, and a metal sheet 32 is disposed in each opening 31.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 9, geometric connecting lines (dashed lines in the figure) of the two output ends of each group of power dividers are perpendicular to each other, and a distance between an intersection point of the two geometric connecting lines and each output end is equal, so that stable and uniform feeding can be provided for the first patch, which is beneficial to forming a stable and symmetric radiation pattern for the antenna.

Furthermore, the power of the output port of the power divider is close (the power difference range is-1 dB), and the phase is reversed (the two phase differences range is 160-200 degrees). The differential feeding mode is beneficial to inhibiting electromagnetic waves in other modes, improves the polarization purity, and improves the cross polarization level and the isolation of the antenna radiation unit provided by the embodiment.

Furthermore, a metal back plate can be arranged below the second substrate at a parallel interval so as to reduce backward radiation of the antenna radiation unit and improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna radiation unit.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the antenna radiation unit 1 further includes a third substrate 100, and the third substrate 100 is disposed between the dielectric support 70 and the first patch 20. The antenna radiation unit 1 may include a first substrate, a second substrate, and a third substrate, or may include only the first substrate and the third substrate.

Further, the antenna radiation unit 1 further includes a dielectric support 70, the dielectric support 70 is a hollow structure, the dielectric support 70 supports the third substrate 100, and the first substrate 30 is located in the dielectric support 70.

In the present embodiment, the first substrate 30 and the second substrate 100 are connected by soldering. The feeding structure 50 is disposed on the second substrate 90.

Further, as shown in fig. 12, the second patch 10 is square, and four sides of the second patch 10 are provided with concave notches. The gap is beneficial to reducing the size of the first patch, so that mutual coupling among the antenna radiation units in the embodiment is reduced, and the isolation of the antenna radiation units is improved.

Further, the third substrate 100 may be a multilayer dielectric substrate, the second patch 10 may be a plurality of metal radiation patches, a metal radiation patch may be sandwiched between every two adjacent dielectric substrates, the metal radiation patches may be located on the surface of the dielectric substrate and may also maintain a certain gap with the dielectric substrate, that is, the metal radiation patches are separated by the dielectric substrate, and any two metal radiation patches of the second patch 10 may also be connected by metal columns.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 13, 14 and 15, a snap (71, 72, 73, 74) is provided on the medium support 70; the third substrate 100 and the second substrate are both provided with clamping holes (91, 92, 101, 102); the buckle penetrates through the buckle hole to connect the third substrate and the second substrate. Specifically, the upper surface of the medium supporting member 70 is provided with the

clips

73 and 74, and the

clips

73 and 74 respectively pass through the clip holes 101 and 102 on the third substrate 100 to fixedly connect the third substrate and the upper part of the medium supporting member 70; the lower surface of the medium supporter 70 is provided with

snaps

71, 72, and the

snaps

71, 72 respectively pass through the snap holes 91, 92 on the second base plate 90 to fixedly connect the second base plate 90 and the lower portion of the medium supporter 79.

It should be noted that, by setting the fixed connection manner of the fastener and the fastening hole, it can be ensured that the first patch is accurately placed at a preset position, so that the stability of the radiation pattern of the antenna radiation unit and the consistency of the antenna product in this embodiment are improved. In addition, the medium supporting piece is detachably connected with the third substrate, so that the third substrate is convenient to replace; similarly, the medium supporting piece and the second substrate are also detachably connected, so that the second substrate and the first substrate welded with the second substrate are convenient to replace.

Further, as shown in fig. 16, 17, and 18, positioning pillars (75, 76, 77, 78) are disposed on the medium support 70; positioning holes (93, 94, 103, 104) are formed in the third substrate 100 and the second substrate 90; the positioning column is inserted into the positioning hole to position the medium supporting piece. Specifically, the upper surface of the medium supporting member 70 is provided with

positioning posts

75 and 76, and the positioning posts 75 and 76 respectively pass through

positioning holes

103 and 104 on the third substrate 100 to accurately position the upper portions of the third substrate 100 and the medium supporting member 70; the lower surface of the medium supporting member 70 is provided with

positioning posts

77 and 78, and the positioning posts 77 and 78 pass through the positioning holes 93 and 94 on the second substrate 90, respectively, to accurately position the second substrate 90 and the lower portion of the medium supporting member 70.

It should be noted that, the antenna radiation unit in this embodiment is an element that is quite sensitive to its own structural position and size, the design of the buckle can make the second substrate and the dielectric support member tightly attached together, and the design of the positioning post can reduce the shake of the dielectric support member in the plane direction, thereby ensuring the stability and consistency of the antenna radiation unit.

Further, as shown in fig. 19 and 20, the second substrate 90 and the first substrate 30 have soldering positioning holes (95, 96, 33, 34) penetrating through them, and the soldering positioning holes are used for positioning soldering between the two substrates. Fig. 19 is a front view of the side of the second substrate having the metal layer, and fig. 20 is a front view of the side of the first substrate having the metal layer.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 21 and 22, the third substrate 100 is integrally or separately formed with the medium supporter 70. As shown in fig. 23, the medium supporter 70 is soldered to the second substrate 90 through a plurality of pads 79 provided on a bottom surface thereof.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 24 and 25, the third substrate 100, the first substrate 30 and the medium supporter 70 may be integrally formed or separately formed. The first substrate 30 is soldered to the second substrate 90 through the pads 35 disposed on the bottom surface thereof.

In this embodiment, the third substrate, the dielectric support member, and the first substrate are integrally designed, so that the uncertainty of fixation between the third substrate where the first patch is located and the dielectric support member or between the dielectric support member and the first substrate is avoided, the product consistency of the antenna radiation unit is improved, the number of parts is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

The antenna radiation elements in the present embodiment are simulated, and referring to fig. 26 to 30, simulation results are given.

Referring to fig. 26, the standing waves of both polarizations of the antenna radiation unit of this embodiment can be well controlled to within about 1.5, and are well matched in the operating band of 2.45GHz to 2.75 GHz.

Referring to fig. 27, in the operating band of 2.49GHz to 2.69GHz, the isolation between the two polarizations of the antenna radiation unit of this embodiment is over 28dB, and the isolation is high.

Referring to fig. 28, in the operating band of 2.49GHz to 2.69GHz, the gain of the antenna radiation unit of the present embodiment is greater than 12.1dB, and the gain increases with the increase of the frequency.

As shown in fig. 29 and fig. 30, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station antenna 2, where the base station antenna 2 includes a power dividing plate 21, a reflecting plate 22, and the antenna radiation unit as described above, where the antenna radiation unit and the reflecting plate are respectively disposed on two surfaces of the power dividing plate that are away from each other, or the antenna radiation unit and the power dividing plate are respectively disposed on two surfaces of the reflecting plate that are away from each other.

The power dividing plate 21 may be located above or below the reflection plate 22, and includes:

two input ports 211, one end of each input port 211 is connected to a feed source, the other end is connected to a power divider transmission line 213, the number of branches of the power divider transmission line 213 matches the number of the antenna radiation units, and the two input ports are used for dividing the signal of each feed source into branch signals and inputting the branch signals to the antenna radiation units;

and the number of the output ports 212 is matched with the number of branches of the power dividing transmission line 213, and one end of each output port 212 is connected to each power dividing transmission line 213, and the other end is connected to each antenna radiation unit.

It should be noted that, because the active splitter 21 uniformly feeds the multiple antenna radiation units, a second substrate including a feeding structure may not be separately disposed in each antenna radiation unit in the base station antenna, and one structural composition of the antenna radiation unit is as shown in fig. 30, and includes a first patch 20, a third substrate 100, a dielectric support 70, a second patch 10, and a first substrate 30.

Optionally, the base station antenna 2 may include a radome for protecting the antenna.

Further, the base station antenna 2 may further include a calibration network 23, and the calibration network 23 may be disposed at a bottom layer for calibrating the amplitude and phase of the voltage fed by the antenna, so as to facilitate the shaping of the antenna.

Furthermore, metal strips can be arranged around the antenna radiation unit to adjust the electrical performance such as the isolation degree of the antenna and the radiation pattern performance such as the beam width and the cross polarization.

The base station antenna provided by the embodiment is integrated and designed based on the low-profile antenna radiation unit, so that the overall size of the base station antenna can be effectively reduced, and high gain is obtained.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present specification and the attached drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, within the spirit of the present invention, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an antenna radiation unit, its characterized in that, antenna radiation unit is including the first base plate, first paster and the second paster of stacking in proper order and establishing, first paster set up in on the first base plate and towards the second paster, first paster with be equipped with air space between the second paster, antenna radiation unit still includes feed structure, feed structure connects the feed in order to encourage first paster.

2. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, further comprising a second substrate, the feed structure being disposed on the second substrate.

3. The antenna radiating element of claim 2, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate have metal ground layers disposed on opposite surfaces thereof, the metal ground layers are welded to each other, and the feeding structure is disposed on a surface of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate.

4. The antenna radiating element of claim 2, wherein the feed structure comprises two sets of power dividers, each set of power dividers comprising an input and two outputs connected to the input; through holes are formed in the first substrate and the second substrate, and each metal stratum is provided with an opening;

each input end is connected with the feed source.

5. The antenna radiating element of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a third substrate, the second patch being disposed on the third substrate.

6. The antenna radiating element of claim 5, further comprising a dielectric support disposed between the second substrate and the third substrate, wherein the dielectric support is a hollow structure, the dielectric support supports the third substrate, and the first substrate is located in the dielectric support;

7. The antenna radiating element of claim 5, wherein the third substrate is integrally or separately formed with the dielectric support.

8. The antenna radiating element of claim 6 or 7, wherein the first substrate is integrally or separately formed with the dielectric support.

9. The antenna radiating element of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first patch is spaced from the second patch by a distance of less than or equal to one eighth of a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the antenna radiating element.

10. A base station antenna, comprising a power dividing plate, a reflecting plate and the antenna radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the antenna radiation unit and the reflecting plate are respectively disposed on two surfaces of the power dividing plate, or the antenna radiation unit and the power dividing plate are respectively disposed on two surfaces of the reflecting plate, which are far away from each other.