CN112014876B

CN112014876B - Reservoir prediction method and device based on pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion

Info

Publication number: CN112014876B
Application number: CN201910468571.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚军; 谭开俊; 乐幸福; 吴青鹏; 张永峰
Original assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Current assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-31
Filing date: 2019-05-31
Publication date: 2022-11-04
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-31
Also published as: CN112014876A

Abstract

The invention provides a reservoir prediction method and device based on pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a simulated three-dimensional measuring network according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic measuring lines; fusing two-dimensional seismic data into three-dimensional seismic data by using the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network; performing multi-attribute inversion prediction on the three-dimensional seismic data in the simulated three-dimensional measuring network to predict reservoir parameters; and determining a reservoir prediction result according to the reservoir parameters, and compiling an industrial graph by using the reservoir prediction result. According to the invention, the pseudo-three-dimensional seismic data is formed by establishing a pseudo-three-dimensional seismic survey network on the basis of two-dimensional post-stack seismic data, and then multi-attribute inversion is carried out to predict the planar distribution of reservoir parameters, thereby completing reservoir prediction research. The utilization rate of two-dimensional seismic data is improved, the workload of multi-attribute inversion is reduced on the premise of ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the reservoir prediction result, and the calculation efficiency of the multi-attribute inversion is improved.

Description

Reservoir prediction method and device based on pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of post-stack reservoir prediction, in particular to a reservoir prediction method and device based on quasi-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion.

Background

Due to the restriction of factors such as surface conditions, exploration cost, exploration progress and the like, in China, a large number of two-dimensional seismic survey lines can be laid in a plurality of petroleum mining areas, and a three-dimensional seismic work area cannot be or is not yet deployed. For oil exploration in these areas, the relevant oil geology studies can only be based on existing two-dimensional post-stack seismic data, where reservoir predictions are also included. Reservoir prediction research is carried out, and a special post-stack seismic inversion method is required to be applied to predict the plane spread of reservoir parameters (porosity, natural gamma, shale content, permeability and the like). The inversion method commonly used at present is multi-attribute inversion. The following problems exist in predicting the planar spread of reservoir parameters through multi-attribute inversion based on two-dimensional post-stack seismic data: 1. if the number of two-dimensional seismic survey lines is large, the workload of performing multi-attribute inversion line by line is large, and the consumed time is long; 2. the area where the two-dimensional seismic survey lines are distributed is generally low in exploration degree and rare in drilling, so that the distance between a plurality of two-dimensional seismic survey lines and the drilled well is too far, the calibration error of the synthetic seismic record is large, reservoir parameters obtained on the drilled well cannot be utilized, and therefore multi-attribute inversion cannot be carried out, and waste lines are formed; 3. if the number of waste lines is large, the two-dimensional seismic survey lines participating in the multi-attribute inversion are not uniformly distributed, plane interpolation of reservoir parameters is difficult to accurately perform inversion, and accuracy of reservoir prediction results is further influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of large workload, long time consumption, low accuracy and the like in the post-stack reservoir prediction technology, the embodiment of the invention provides a reservoir prediction method based on pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion, which comprises the following steps:

establishing a simulated three-dimensional measuring network according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic measuring lines;

fusing two-dimensional seismic data into three-dimensional seismic data by using the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network;

performing multi-attribute inversion prediction on the three-dimensional seismic data in the simulated three-dimensional measuring network to predict reservoir parameters;

and determining a reservoir prediction result according to the reservoir parameters, and compiling an industrial graph by using the reservoir prediction result.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the establishing a pseudo three-dimensional measurement network according to the distribution of the two-dimensional seismic survey lines includes: determining four-point coordinates, main measuring line spacing distance and crossline spacing distance of the simulated three-dimensional measuring net according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic measuring lines; determining the number of main measuring lines and the number of contact measuring lines in the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network according to the four-point coordinates, the spacing distance between the main measuring lines and the spacing distance between the contact measuring lines; wherein the value of the number of the main measuring lines is the difference between the maximum abscissa and the minimum abscissa divided by the interval distance of the main measuring lines and then 1; the value of the number of the contact measuring lines is the difference between the maximum ordinate and the minimum ordinate, the distance between the contact measuring lines is divided by the distance, and 1 is added; in order to make the numbers of the main measuring lines and the cross measuring lines be integer, the difference between the maximum and minimum horizontal and vertical coordinates in the coordinates of the four points is the integral multiple of the spacing distance between the main measuring lines and the spacing distance between the cross measuring lines.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the fusing two-dimensional seismic data into three-dimensional seismic data by using the pseudo three-dimensional measurement network includes: loading the two-dimensional seismic data into a pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network according to an abscissa, an ordinate, a main measuring line number and a contact measuring line number, wherein the two-dimensional seismic data loaded into the pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network are crossed or have a common crossed line without closure error and consistent sampling intervals, and the two-dimensional seismic data records information such as the abscissa and the ordinate, a track number, an over-time, sampling intervals, the number of sampling points and the like on the head of each track; the loading mode is line-by-line addition without coverage, namely, each two-dimensional seismic data is loaded into the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network one by one according to the sequence to form a three-dimensional seismic data body, the points with data are ignored in the loading process, the points without data are loaded, in the loading process, the two-dimensional seismic data are numbered, the code number of the two-dimensional seismic data and the channel number of each channel of the two-dimensional seismic data are recorded to the position of the corresponding channel head in the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network, and the reservoir prediction result on the original two-dimensional seismic measuring line is extracted from the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network; the value of the main survey line number is the difference between a certain abscissa of the two-dimensional seismic data and the minimum abscissa of the simulated three-dimensional survey network, the main survey line spacing distance is divided by the main survey line spacing distance, and 1 is added; the value of the number of the connecting survey line is the difference between a certain vertical coordinate of the two-dimensional seismic data and the minimum vertical coordinate of the simulated three-dimensional survey network divided by the spacing distance of the connecting survey line and then 1.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir prediction result is a reservoir thickness distribution; said determining a reservoir prediction based on said reservoir parameters further comprises: performing logic operation on the reservoir parameters, and generating a logic operation result by using a preset standard; extracting data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the pseudo three-dimensional survey network, comparing the data with logging data from a section, and if the comparison results are the same, judging that the logical operation result is correct; if the comparison result is different, adjusting the preset standard to generate a logic operation result again until the logic operation result is correct; when the logical operation result is correct, the logical operation result is operated to obtain a corresponding data body, and reservoir thickness distribution is determined according to the data body; wherein, extracting the data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the simulated three-dimensional survey network specifically comprises: and judging track head information, reading a survey line code at a proper position in each track head of the inverted data body, storing tracks with the same code as a two-dimensional inverted data body, writing the original horizontal and vertical coordinates and the track number of the original two-dimensional seismic data recorded at the proper position into the corresponding position of each track head of the inverted data, and loading new inverted data onto the corresponding two-dimensional seismic survey line to display the seismic profile.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a reservoir prediction device based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion, which comprises: the building module is used for building a simulated three-dimensional measuring network according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic measuring lines; the fusion module is used for fusing two-dimensional seismic data into three-dimensional seismic data by using the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network; the inversion module is used for performing multi-attribute inversion prediction on the three-dimensional seismic data in the simulated three-dimensional network to obtain reservoir parameters; and the prediction module is used for determining a reservoir prediction result according to the reservoir parameters and compiling an industrial graph by using the reservoir prediction result.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the establishing module includes: the survey line spacing unit is used for determining four-point coordinates, a main survey line spacing distance and a tie survey line spacing distance of the simulated three-dimensional survey network according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic survey lines; the line number measuring unit is used for determining the number of main measuring lines and the number of cross measuring lines in the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network according to the four-point coordinates, the spacing distance of the main measuring lines and the spacing distance of the cross measuring lines; wherein the value of the number of the main measuring lines is the difference between the maximum abscissa and the minimum abscissa divided by the spacing distance of the main measuring lines and then added with 1; the value of the number of the contact measuring lines is the difference between the maximum ordinate and the minimum ordinate divided by the distance between the contact measuring lines and then added with 1; in order to make the numbers of the main measuring lines and the cross measuring lines be integer, the difference between the maximum and minimum horizontal and vertical coordinates in the coordinates of the four points is the integral multiple of the spacing distance between the main measuring lines and the spacing distance between the cross measuring lines.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the fusion module includes: the data fusion unit is used for loading the two-dimensional seismic data into a pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network according to a horizontal coordinate, a vertical coordinate, a main measuring line number and an interconnection measuring line number, wherein the two-dimensional seismic data loaded into the pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network are intersected or have a common intersection line, no closure error exists, sampling intervals are consistent, and the two-dimensional seismic data record information such as the horizontal coordinate, the vertical coordinate, the track number, the over-start time, the sampling intervals and the number of sampling points on the head of each track; the loading mode is line-by-line addition without coverage, namely, each piece of two-dimensional seismic data is loaded into the pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network one by one according to the sequence to form a three-dimensional seismic data body, points with data are ignored in the loading process, and points without data are loaded, and in the loading process, the two-dimensional seismic data are numbered, and the code number and the track number of each track of the two-dimensional seismic data are recorded to the position of the corresponding track head in the pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network, so that the reservoir prediction result on the original two-dimensional seismic measuring line is extracted from the pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network; the value of the main survey line number is the difference between a certain abscissa of the two-dimensional seismic data and the minimum abscissa of the simulated three-dimensional survey network, the main survey line spacing distance is divided by the main survey line spacing distance, and 1 is added; the value of the crossline number is the difference between a certain vertical coordinate of the two-dimensional seismic data and the minimum vertical coordinate of the simulated three-dimensional measuring network, the distance between the crossline and the crossline is divided by 1.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir prediction result is a reservoir thickness distribution; the prediction module further comprises: the logic operation unit is used for carrying out logic operation on the reservoir parameters and generating a logic operation result by utilizing a preset standard; the extraction unit is used for extracting data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the simulated three-dimensional survey network, comparing the data with logging data from a section, and if the comparison results are the same, judging that the logical operation result is correct; if the comparison results are different, adjusting the preset standard to generate the logic operation result again until the logic operation result is correct; the reservoir thickness unit is used for calculating the logical operation result to obtain a corresponding data body when the logical operation result is correct, and determining reservoir thickness distribution according to the data body; wherein, extracting the data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the simulated three-dimensional survey network specifically comprises: and judging track head information, reading survey line codes at proper positions in each track head of the inversion data body, storing tracks with the same codes as a same two-dimensional inversion data body, writing the original horizontal and vertical coordinates and the track numbers of the original two-dimensional seismic data recorded at proper positions into the corresponding positions of each track head of the inversion data, and loading new inversion data onto the corresponding two-dimensional seismic survey lines to display the seismic profile.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

The invention takes two-dimensional post-stack seismic data as a basis, forms pseudo-three-dimensional seismic data by establishing a pseudo-three-dimensional seismic survey network, and then predicts the plane distribution of reservoir parameters by performing multi-attribute inversion to complete reservoir prediction research. The utilization rate of two-dimensional seismic data is improved, the workload of multi-attribute inversion is reduced on the premise of ensuring accurate and reliable reservoir prediction results, and the calculation efficiency of the multi-attribute inversion is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a reservoir prediction method based on pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a pseudo-three-dimensional seismic survey network in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a two, four, and six-segment porosity inversion profile of the R layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a section of the R layer of two, four, and six segments of natural gamma inversion according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an R layer two, four and six sections of inversion sections of the shale content in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a histogram of porosity for two, four, and six segments of the R layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a porosity inversion section of two, four and six segments of R layers representing good reservoir in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a two-dimensional line thickness graph of each of four high-quality reservoirs of the R layer in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 is a thickness chart of four segments of premium reservoirs of the R-zone in an example of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a reservoir prediction apparatus based on pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion in an embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the invention provides a reservoir prediction method and device based on pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a reservoir prediction method based on pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes: s1, establishing a simulated three-dimensional survey network according to the distribution condition of two-dimensional seismic survey lines;

s2, fusing two-dimensional seismic data into three-dimensional seismic data by using the simulated three-dimensional measuring network;

s3, performing multi-attribute inversion prediction on the three-dimensional seismic data in the simulated three-dimensional survey network to predict reservoir parameters;

and S4, determining a reservoir prediction result according to the reservoir parameters, and compiling an industrial graph by using the reservoir prediction result.

As an embodiment of the invention, the establishing of the pseudo three-dimensional measuring net according to the distribution of the two-dimensional seismic measuring lines comprises the following steps: determining four-point coordinates, main measuring line spacing distance and crossline spacing distance of the simulated three-dimensional measuring net according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic measuring lines; determining the number of main measuring lines and the number of cross measuring lines in the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network according to the four-point coordinates, the main measuring line spacing distance and the cross measuring line spacing distance; wherein the value of the number of the main measuring lines is the difference between the maximum abscissa and the minimum abscissa divided by the interval distance of the main measuring lines and then 1; the value of the number of the contact measuring lines is the difference between the maximum ordinate and the minimum ordinate divided by the distance between the contact measuring lines and then added with 1; in order to make the numbers of the main measuring lines and the cross measuring lines be integer, the difference between the maximum and minimum horizontal and vertical coordinates in the coordinates of the four points is the integral multiple of the spacing distance between the main measuring lines and the spacing distance between the cross measuring lines.

In this embodiment, the fusing the two-dimensional seismic data into the three-dimensional seismic data by using the pseudo three-dimensional geodetic network includes: determining four-point coordinates, main measuring line spacing distance and cross measuring line spacing distance of the simulated three-dimensional measuring net according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic measuring lines; determining the number of main measuring lines and the number of contact measuring lines in the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network according to the four-point coordinates, the main measuring line spacing distance and the contact measuring line spacing distance; wherein the value of the number of the main measuring lines is the difference between the maximum abscissa and the minimum abscissa divided by the interval distance of the main measuring lines and then 1; the value of the number of the contact measuring lines is the difference between the maximum ordinate and the minimum ordinate, the distance between the contact measuring lines is divided by the distance, and 1 is added; in order to make the numbers of the main measuring lines and the cross measuring lines be integer, the difference between the maximum and minimum horizontal and vertical coordinates in the coordinates of the four points is the integral multiple of the spacing distance between the main measuring lines and the spacing distance between the cross measuring lines.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir prediction result is a reservoir thickness distribution; said determining a reservoir prediction based on said reservoir parameters further comprises: performing logic operation on the reservoir parameters, and generating a logic operation result by using a preset standard; extracting data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the pseudo three-dimensional survey network, comparing the data with logging data from a section, and if the comparison results are the same, judging that the logical operation result is correct; if the comparison results are different, adjusting the preset standard to generate the logic operation result again until the logic operation result is correct; when the logical operation result is correct, the logical operation result is operated to obtain a corresponding data body, and the reservoir thickness distribution is determined according to the data body; the step of extracting the data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the simulated three-dimensional survey network specifically comprises the following steps: and judging track head information, reading a survey line code at a proper position in each track head of the inverted data body, storing tracks with the same code as a two-dimensional inverted data body, writing the original horizontal and vertical coordinates and the track number of the original two-dimensional seismic data recorded at the proper position into the corresponding position of each track head of the inverted data, and loading new inverted data onto the corresponding two-dimensional seismic survey line to display the seismic profile.

The invention solves the problem that the two-dimensional seismic data which is long in inversion time, large in workload and far away from individual well drilling cannot be subjected to multi-attribute inversion to influence the reservoir prediction precision when the two-dimensional seismic data are subjected to multi-attribute inversion line by line, so that the three-dimensional and two-dimensional seismic data can be converted with each other, the utilization rate of the two-dimensional seismic data is improved, the workload of the multi-attribute inversion is reduced on the premise of ensuring the accurate and reliable reservoir prediction results, and the calculation efficiency of the multi-attribute inversion is improved.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the process of the reservoir prediction method based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion comprises:

1. and establishing a simulated three-dimensional measuring net. For implementation convenience, the simulated three-dimensional measuring net is built into a rectangle in the due north direction. According to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic survey lines in a research work area, determining four-point coordinates of the simulated three-dimensional work area, the spacing distance between main survey lines and between contact survey lines, and calculating the number of the main survey lines and the number of the contact survey lines, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:

number of inline = (maximum abscissa-minimum abscissa)/inter inline spacing distance +1;

number of contact measuring lines = (maximum ordinate-minimum ordinate)/distance of interval between contact measuring lines +1;

in order to make the number of the main survey lines and the number of the crosstie survey lines be integer, the difference between the maximum horizontal and the minimum horizontal and vertical coordinates in the four-point coordinates is integral multiple of the spacing distance between the main survey lines and the crosstie survey lines, and the spacing between the main survey lines and the crosstie survey lines is close to the spacing between the original two-dimensional seismic data traces.

2. And fusing the two-dimensional seismic data into three-dimensional seismic data. The two-dimensional seismic data loaded to the pseudo-three-dimensional network must intersect or have a common intersecting line, otherwise the multi-attribute inversion cannot be performed on parallel two-dimensional seismic data without intersecting lines. Firstly, the information of the horizontal and vertical coordinates, the track number, the initial time, the sampling interval, the number of sampling points and the like of two-dimensional seismic data on the track head of each track should be recorded, and the reference surface and the closure error correction and the sampling interval of the two-dimensional seismic data must be consistent. And then loading the two-dimensional seismic data into the simulated three-dimensional work area according to the abscissa, the ordinate, the main survey line number and the contact survey line number. The method for calculating the main survey line number and the crossline number of a certain channel in the simulated three-dimensional work area on the two-dimensional seismic data comprises the following steps:

the main measurement line number = (a certain abscissa of the two-dimensional seismic data-the minimum abscissa of the simulated three-dimensional work area)/the interval distance between the main measurement lines is +1;

contact survey line number = (vertical coordinate of a certain two-dimensional seismic data-minimum vertical coordinate of a simulated three-dimensional work area)/contact survey line spacing distance +1;

in addition, the loading mode is line-by-line addition without coverage, namely, each two-dimensional seismic data is loaded into the pseudo-three-dimensional work area one by one according to the sequence to form a three-dimensional seismic data body, points with data are ignored in the loading process, and points without data are loaded. And in the loading process, numbering the two-dimensional seismic data, and additionally recording the code and the track number of each track of the two-dimensional seismic data to a proper position of a corresponding track head in the simulated three-dimensional work area so as to extract a reservoir prediction result on the original two-dimensional seismic survey line from the simulated three-dimensional work area.

3. Reservoir parameters are predicted by applying multi-attribute inversion based on the fused three-dimensional seismic data. And performing multi-attribute inversion on the fused three-dimensional seismic data in the simulated three-dimensional work area to predict reservoir parameters, wherein the result of the multi-attribute inversion is a three-dimensional inversion data volume of each reservoir parameter, and the data volumes have the same structure as the seismic data volume and are different in values of each sampling point.

4. And (5) formulating a reservoir parameter evaluation standard. And determining the value range of reservoir parameters required by reservoir prediction research through comparison of single-well core or rock debris analysis and test results, oil testing and gas testing results and reservoir parameters. The comparison method comprises a scatter plot, a histogram, a curve graph and the like.

5. And (4) performing logical operation on the reservoir parameter inversion body. According to the formulated evaluation standard of the reservoir parameters, corresponding operation needs to be carried out on the reservoir parameter inversion data body so as to screen out sampling points on each data channel which accord with the evaluation standard. The operation can be realized by writing a logic operation program through a data body operation module of the existing earthquake interpretation or inversion software, if the value of the sampling point of the reservoir parameter inversion data body accords with the evaluation standard, the value is reserved, and if the value of the sampling point does not accord with the evaluation standard, the value is changed to-9999.

6. And extracting and displaying the original two-dimensional survey line data in the simulated three-dimensional work area. In order to judge whether the logic operation result of the inversion data volume is accurate or not, data on an original two-dimensional measuring line needs to be extracted from the simulated three-dimensional work area and compared with logging data from a profile, if the data are consistent with the logging data, the next step is carried out, and if the data are not consistent with the logging data, the multi-attribute inversion parameters are adjusted to carry out inversion again or reservoir parameter evaluation standards are formulated again. The extraction method comprises the following steps: and judging track head information, reading a survey line code number at a proper position in each track head of the inversion data body, storing tracks with the same code number as a same two-dimensional inversion data body, and simultaneously writing the original horizontal and vertical coordinates and the track number of the original two-dimensional seismic data recorded at the proper position into a position corresponding to each track head of the inversion data. And loading the new inversion data to the corresponding two-dimensional seismic survey line to display the seismic section.

7. And (5) solving the thickness of the reservoir. The final result of the reservoir prediction is the reservoir thickness distribution corresponding to the reservoir parameters meeting the evaluation criteria. The calculation steps are as follows: firstly, a data body is obtained by compiling a logic operation program through a data body operation module of the existing earthquake interpretation or inversion software, the data body only contains two numbers, one is 0, and the other is 1, on the basis of the inversion data body which is subjected to the logic operation and accords with the evaluation standard, if the value of a sampling point of the inversion data body is-9999, the value of the sampling point corresponding to the obtained data body is 0, and if the value of the sampling point is not-9999, the value of the sampling point corresponding to the obtained data body is 1; then extracting the sum of the number of sampling points with the value of 1 in the range of the target layer through the amplitude thickness attribute of an attribute extraction module in the existing interpretation software; then, the thickness value of each track is obtained by applying the following formula:

thickness = (sum of sampling rate × number of sampling points whose value is 1)/layer speed of 2 × destination layer;

and finally, interpolating the full-work area of the thickness value by a kriging method, and applying drawing software to carry out industrialized imaging.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, a three-dimensional seismic work area cannot be deployed in a certain block of an oil field under the influence of surface conditions and exploration degrees, only a large number of two-dimensional seismic survey lines can be deployed, in order to predict the thicknesses of high-quality reservoir layers of two, four and six sections of an R layer, multi-attribute inversion needs to be carried out in the block to accurately invert three reservoir layer parameters including porosity, natural gamma and shale content, logical operation is carried out on three reservoir layer parameter inversors through high-quality reservoir layer evaluation standards, and finally the thickness of the high-quality reservoir layer in the work area is calculated. The specific implementation mode is as follows:

1. and establishing a simulated three-dimensional measuring net. According to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic survey lines in the research work area, the spacing distance between main survey lines and cross survey lines of the pseudo-three-dimensional work area is determined to be 20m, the number of the main survey lines is 4214, and the number of the cross survey lines is 2745 (figure 2) through the following calculation method:

the number of inline lines = (maximum abscissa-minimum abscissa)/inline spacing distance +1;

number of contact measuring lines = (maximum ordinate-minimum ordinate)/distance between contact measuring lines +1;

2. and fusing the two-dimensional seismic data into three-dimensional seismic data. The two-dimensional seismic data which can be used for multi-attribute inversion records information of a horizontal coordinate, a vertical coordinate, a track number, 0-time, 2ms of sampling interval, 3001 of sampling points and the like on the head of each track, and all the information is corrected by a reference surface and closure error. The two-dimensional seismic data are numbered from 1 to 58, then the two-dimensional seismic data are loaded into a pseudo-three-dimensional work area line by line according to the abscissa, the ordinate, the converted main survey line number and the converted tie survey line number, and meanwhile, the two-dimensional seismic data number and the track number of each track of the data are separately recorded to the positions of 59-62 bytes and 63-66 bytes of each track head. The conversion method of the main measuring line number and the contact measuring line number comprises the following steps:

3. and (3) predicting three reservoir parameters (namely porosity, natural gamma and shale content) by using multi-attribute inversion based on the fused three-dimensional seismic data (figures 3-5) (the figures 3-5 are extracted and displayed by using a method of the sixth step, and a section is displayed in advance in order to show the inversion result).

4. And establishing a high-quality reservoir evaluation standard. And determining the evaluation standards of the second, fourth and sixth sections of the R layer as follows by mutually calibrating and comparing the single-well core porosity analysis result, the logging natural gamma curve and the shale content curve: porosity values greater than 5% (fig. 6), natural gamma values less than 72API, and shale content values less than 44%.

5. And (4) performing logical operation on the reservoir parameter inversion body. Based on the porosity inversion body, the porosity inversion body is subjected to invalid value shielding through the following logic operation according to the evaluation standards of R-layer second, fourth and sixth sand bodies under the condition of natural gamma and mud content inversion body: if the natural gamma value is less than 72, the mud content value is less than 44 percent and the porosity value is greater than 5 percent, the porosity value of the same sampling point on the regenerated porosity inversion body is reserved; if the values of the porosity, the natural gamma and the argillaceous content at the same sampling point of the three inverses do not meet the condition, the porosity value of the same sampling point on the regenerated porosity inverses is given as-9999. After logical operation, the new porosity inversion body is shown in fig. 7, and a good reservoir is represented by a value and a non-good reservoir is represented by a non-value.

6. And (5) extracting and displaying the primary two-dimensional seismic data in the simulated three-dimensional work area. The extraction method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of judging track head information of a target data body in a simulated three-dimensional work area, reading original two-dimensional seismic data codes in 59 th-62 th bytes in each track head, storing tracks with the same codes as an inversion data body, and simultaneously writing horizontal and vertical coordinates of the original two-dimensional seismic data and track numbers of the original two-dimensional seismic data recorded in 63 th-66 th bytes in the track heads into corresponding positions of each track head of the inversion data, so that newly generated two-dimensional inversion data can be loaded on corresponding two-dimensional seismic survey lines to display seismic profiles (fig. 3-5 and fig. 7).

7. And (4) solving the thickness of the reservoir. Firstly, a data body is obtained by compiling a logic operation program through a data body operation module of the existing earthquake interpretation or inversion software, the data body only contains two numbers, one is 0, and the other is 1, on the basis of the new porosity inversion data body which is in accordance with the evaluation standard after the logic operation, if the value of the sampling point is-9999, the value of the sampling point corresponding to the obtained data body is 0, and if the value of the sampling point is not-9999, the value of the sampling point corresponding to the obtained data body is 1; then extracting the sum of the number of sampling points with the value of 1 in the range of the target layer through the amplitude thickness attribute of an attribute extraction module in the existing interpretation software; the thickness values of the individual tracks are then found using the following formula (fig. 8):

thickness = (sum of sampling rate × number of sampling points whose value is 1)/× layer speed of destination layer;

finally, the thickness values of the second, fourth and sixth sections of the R layer are respectively subjected to interpolation of the whole work area by a kriging method, and industrialized mapping is carried out by applying drawing software (figure 9).

According to the invention, the reservoir thickness planar distribution meeting the evaluation standard is completed by means of a multi-attribute inversion method, the sum of sampling points meeting the evaluation standard of amplitude thickness attribute statistics of an attribute extraction module in the existing interpretation software, and a kriging interpolation method. Establishing a pseudo-three-dimensional seismic survey network, and fusing two-dimensional seismic data into a three-dimensional seismic data volume; marking the two-dimensional seismic data by using a code, reserving the original horizontal and vertical coordinates and the channel number information of the two-dimensional seismic data, and extracting the original two-dimensional seismic data from the new three-dimensional seismic data volume; performing condition screening on the reservoir parameter inversion data volume through logic operation; and performing numerical transformation on the reservoir parameter inversion data volume after condition screening through logical operation, converting the reservoir parameter inversion data volume into a data volume only containing 0 and 1, and performing effective sampling point statistics through condition attributes in an attribute extraction module in the existing interpretation software to further calculate the reservoir thickness of a target layer.

When the pseudo-three-dimensional seismic survey network is established, proper selection of intervals between main survey lines and intervals between tie survey lines and calculation of the numbers of the main survey lines and the tie survey lines are carried out, and the interval selection is related to the numbers of the main survey lines and the tie survey lines of the pseudo-three-dimensional seismic survey network so as to influence the density degree of fused three-dimensional seismic data; calculating the main survey line number and the contact survey line number of each channel of the original two-dimensional seismic survey line data in the simulated three-dimensional seismic survey network; logic operation among the reservoir parameter inversors; and (4) converting the reservoir parameter inversion body meeting the evaluation standard to the thickness of the target layer. Two-dimensional seismic data in the simulated three-dimensional network must intersect or have a common intersecting line, otherwise multi-attribute inversion cannot be carried out on parallel two-dimensional measuring lines without the common intersecting line; when the two-dimensional seismic data are output, the code number and the track number of each track need to be loaded to the pseudo-three-dimensional seismic survey network together with other necessary parameters in the pseudo-three-dimensional survey network, such as horizontal and vertical coordinates, sampling intervals, over-start time and the like; the reservoir parameter inversion body meeting the evaluation standard needs to firstly solve a data body only containing 0 and 1 through writing a logic operation program by a data body operation module of the existing seismic interpretation or inversion software, and then extract the sum of the number of sampling points of each channel with the value of 1 in the range of a target layer through the amplitude thickness attribute of an attribute extraction module in the existing interpretation software so as to calculate the reservoir thickness of the target layer.

According to the invention, the pseudo-three-dimensional seismic data is formed by establishing a pseudo-three-dimensional seismic survey network on the basis of two-dimensional post-stack seismic data, and then multi-attribute inversion is carried out to predict the planar distribution of reservoir parameters, thereby completing reservoir prediction research. The method improves the utilization rate of two-dimensional seismic data, reduces the workload of multi-attribute inversion on the premise of ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the reservoir prediction result, and improves the calculation efficiency of the multi-attribute inversion.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a reservoir prediction apparatus based on pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion in an embodiment of the present invention, where the apparatus includes:

the building module 10 is used for building a simulated three-dimensional survey network according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic survey lines;

a fusion module 20, configured to fuse the two-dimensional seismic data into three-dimensional seismic data by using the pseudo three-dimensional measurement network;

the inversion module 30 is used for performing multi-attribute inversion prediction on the three-dimensional seismic data in the simulated three-dimensional network to predict reservoir parameters;

and the prediction module 40 is used for determining a reservoir prediction result according to the reservoir parameters and generating an industrialized map by using the reservoir prediction result.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the establishing module includes: the survey line spacing unit is used for determining four-point coordinates of the simulated three-dimensional survey net, the spacing distance between main survey lines and the spacing distance between tie survey lines according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic survey lines; and the line number measuring unit is used for determining the number of the main measuring lines and the number of the contact measuring lines in the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network according to the four-point coordinates, the spacing distance between the main measuring lines and the spacing distance between the contact measuring lines.

In this embodiment, the fusion module includes: the line number measuring unit is used for determining a main survey line number and a tie survey line number of the two-dimensional seismic data in the pseudo three-dimensional survey network according to the track head information of the two-dimensional seismic data, and the four-point coordinates, the spacing distance between main survey lines and the spacing distance between tie survey lines of the pseudo three-dimensional survey network; and the data fusion unit is used for loading the two-dimensional seismic data into the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network one by one according to the head information of the two-dimensional seismic data, the main measuring line number and the contact measuring line number to obtain the three-dimensional seismic data.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir prediction result is a reservoir thickness distribution; the prediction module further comprises: the logic operation unit is used for carrying out logic operation on the reservoir parameters and generating a logic operation result by utilizing a preset standard; the extraction unit is used for extracting data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the pseudo-three-dimensional survey network, comparing the data with logging data from a section, and if the comparison results are the same, the logical operation result is correct; if the comparison results are different, adjusting the preset standard to generate the logic operation result again until the logic operation result is correct; and the reservoir thickness unit is used for calculating the logical operation result to obtain a corresponding data body when the logical operation result is correct, and determining the reservoir thickness distribution according to the data body.

The invention further provides a reservoir prediction device based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion based on the same application concept as the reservoir prediction method based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion. The principle of solving the problems of the reservoir prediction device based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion is similar to that of a reservoir prediction method based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion, so the implementation of the reservoir prediction device based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion can refer to the implementation of the reservoir prediction method based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion, and repeated parts are not repeated.

The invention takes two-dimensional post-stack seismic data as a basis, forms pseudo-three-dimensional seismic data by establishing a pseudo-three-dimensional seismic survey network, and then predicts the plane distribution of reservoir parameters by performing multi-attribute inversion to complete reservoir prediction research. The method improves the utilization rate of two-dimensional seismic data, reduces the workload of multi-attribute inversion on the premise of ensuring accurate and reliable reservoir prediction results, and improves the calculation efficiency of the multi-attribute inversion.

and determining a reservoir prediction result according to the reservoir parameters, and generating an industrialized map by using the reservoir prediction result.

The invention also provides the computer equipment and a computer readable storage medium based on the same application concept as the reservoir prediction method based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion. Because the principle of solving the problems of the computer equipment and the computer-readable storage medium is similar to the reservoir prediction method based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion, the implementation of the computer equipment and the computer-readable storage medium can refer to the implementation of the reservoir prediction method based on the pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion, and repeated parts are not repeated.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by relevant hardware instructed by a program, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reservoir prediction method based on quasi-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion is characterized by comprising the following steps:

determining a reservoir prediction result according to the reservoir parameters, and compiling an industrial graph by using the reservoir prediction result; wherein the reservoir prediction result is reservoir thickness distribution;

wherein determining a reservoir prediction result based on the reservoir parameter further comprises:

performing logic operation on the reservoir parameters, and generating a logic operation result by using a preset standard;

extracting data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the pseudo three-dimensional survey network, comparing the data with logging data from a section, and if the comparison results are the same, judging that the logical operation result is correct; if the comparison results are different, adjusting the preset standard to generate the logic operation result again until the logic operation result is correct;

when the logical operation result is correct, the logical operation result is operated to obtain a corresponding data body, and reservoir thickness distribution is determined according to the data body;

the step of extracting the data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the simulated three-dimensional survey network specifically comprises the following steps: and judging track head information, reading a survey line code at a proper position in each track head of the inverted data body, storing tracks with the same code as a two-dimensional inverted data body, writing the original horizontal and vertical coordinates and the track number of the original two-dimensional seismic data recorded at the proper position into the corresponding position of each track head of the inverted data, and loading new inverted data onto the corresponding two-dimensional seismic survey line to display the seismic profile.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the creating a pseudo-three-dimensional survey network based on the distribution of two-dimensional seismic lines comprises:

determining four-point coordinates, main measuring line spacing distance and cross measuring line spacing distance of the simulated three-dimensional measuring net according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic measuring lines;

determining the number of main measuring lines and the number of cross measuring lines in the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network according to the four-point coordinates, the main measuring line spacing distance and the cross measuring line spacing distance;

wherein the value of the number of the main measuring lines is the difference between the maximum abscissa and the minimum abscissa divided by the interval distance of the main measuring lines and then 1; the value of the number of the contact measuring lines is the difference between the maximum ordinate and the minimum ordinate, the distance between the contact measuring lines is divided by the distance, and 1 is added; in order to make the numbers of main measuring lines and cross measuring lines integer, the maximum and minimum difference between horizontal and vertical coordinates in the four-point coordinates should be the integral multiple of the spacing distance between the main measuring lines and the spacing distance between the cross measuring lines.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said fusing two-dimensional seismic data into three-dimensional seismic data using said pseudo-three-dimensional geonet comprises:

loading the two-dimensional seismic data into a pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network according to an abscissa, an ordinate, a main measuring line number and a contact measuring line number, wherein the two-dimensional seismic data loaded into the pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network are crossed or have a common crossed line without closure error and consistent sampling intervals, and the abscissa and the ordinate, the track number, the over-time, the sampling intervals and the number of sampling points of the two-dimensional seismic data are recorded on the head of each track; the loading mode is line-by-line addition without coverage, namely, each piece of two-dimensional seismic data is loaded into the pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network one by one according to the sequence to form a three-dimensional seismic data body, points with data are ignored in the loading process, and points without data are loaded, and in the loading process, the two-dimensional seismic data are numbered, and the code number and the track number of each track of the two-dimensional seismic data are recorded to the position of the corresponding track head in the pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network, so that the reservoir prediction result on the original two-dimensional seismic measuring line is extracted from the pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network;

the value of the main survey line number is the difference between a certain abscissa of the two-dimensional seismic data and the minimum abscissa of the simulated three-dimensional survey network, the main survey line spacing distance is divided by the value of the main survey line spacing distance, and 1 is added; the value of the crossline number is the difference between a certain vertical coordinate of the two-dimensional seismic data and the minimum vertical coordinate of the simulated three-dimensional measuring network, the distance between the crossline and the crossline is divided by 1.

4. A reservoir prediction apparatus based on pseudo-three-dimensional post-stack multi-attribute inversion, the apparatus comprising:

the building module is used for building a simulated three-dimensional measuring network according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic measuring lines;

the fusion module is used for fusing two-dimensional seismic data into three-dimensional seismic data by using the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network;

the inversion module is used for performing multi-attribute inversion prediction on the three-dimensional seismic data in the simulated three-dimensional network to obtain reservoir parameters;

the prediction module is used for determining a reservoir prediction result according to the reservoir parameters and compiling an industrial graph by using the reservoir prediction result; wherein the reservoir prediction result is reservoir thickness distribution;

wherein the prediction module further comprises:

the logic operation unit is used for carrying out logic operation on the reservoir parameters and generating a logic operation result by utilizing a preset standard;

the extraction unit is used for extracting data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the simulated three-dimensional survey network, comparing the data with logging data from a section, and if the comparison results are the same, judging that the logical operation result is correct; if the comparison results are different, adjusting the preset standard to generate the logic operation result again until the logic operation result is correct;

the reservoir thickness unit is used for calculating the logical operation result to obtain a corresponding data body when the logical operation result is correct, and determining reservoir thickness distribution according to the data body;

the step of extracting the data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the simulated three-dimensional survey network specifically comprises the following steps: and judging track head information, reading survey line codes at proper positions in each track head of the inversion data body, storing tracks with the same codes as a same two-dimensional inversion data body, writing the original horizontal and vertical coordinates and the track numbers of the original two-dimensional seismic data recorded at proper positions into the corresponding positions of each track head of the inversion data, and loading new inversion data onto the corresponding two-dimensional seismic survey lines to display the seismic profile.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the establishing means comprises:

the survey line spacing unit is used for determining four-point coordinates, a main survey line spacing distance and a tie survey line spacing distance of the simulated three-dimensional survey network according to the distribution condition of the two-dimensional seismic survey lines;

the line number measuring unit is used for determining the number of main measuring lines and the number of cross measuring lines in the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network according to the four-point coordinates, the spacing distance of the main measuring lines and the spacing distance of the cross measuring lines;

wherein the value of the number of the main measuring lines is the difference between the maximum abscissa and the minimum abscissa divided by the interval distance of the main measuring lines and then 1; the value of the number of the contact measuring lines is the difference between the maximum ordinate and the minimum ordinate divided by the distance between the contact measuring lines and then added with 1; in order to make the numbers of the main measuring lines and the cross measuring lines be integer, the difference between the maximum and minimum horizontal and vertical coordinates in the coordinates of the four points is the integral multiple of the spacing distance between the main measuring lines and the spacing distance between the cross measuring lines.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the fusion module comprises:

the data fusion unit is used for loading the two-dimensional seismic data into a pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network according to a horizontal coordinate, a vertical coordinate, a main measuring line number and an interconnection measuring line number, wherein the two-dimensional seismic data loaded into the pseudo-three-dimensional measuring network are intersected or have a common intersection line, no closure error exists, sampling intervals are consistent, and the horizontal and vertical coordinates, the track number, the over-start time, the sampling intervals and the number of sampling points of the two-dimensional seismic data are recorded on the head of each track; the loading mode is line-by-line addition without coverage, namely, each two-dimensional seismic data is loaded into the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network one by one according to the sequence to form a three-dimensional seismic data body, the points with data are ignored in the loading process, the points without data are loaded, in the loading process, the two-dimensional seismic data are numbered, the code number of the two-dimensional seismic data and the channel number of each channel of the two-dimensional seismic data are recorded to the position of the corresponding channel head in the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network, and the reservoir prediction result on the original two-dimensional seismic measuring line is extracted from the pseudo three-dimensional measuring network; the value of the main survey line number is the difference between a certain abscissa of the two-dimensional seismic data and the minimum abscissa of the simulated three-dimensional survey network, the main survey line spacing distance is divided by the main survey line spacing distance, and 1 is added; the value of the crossline number is the difference between a certain vertical coordinate of the two-dimensional seismic data and the minimum vertical coordinate of the simulated three-dimensional measuring network, the distance between the crossline and the crossline is divided by 1.

7. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the computer program implements the steps of:

extracting data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the pseudo-three-dimensional survey network, comparing the data with logging data from a section, and if the comparison results are the same, judging that the logical operation result is correct; if the comparison result is different, adjusting the preset standard to generate a logic operation result again until the logic operation result is correct;

wherein, extracting the data on the two-dimensional seismic survey line from the simulated three-dimensional survey network specifically comprises: and judging track head information, reading a survey line code at a proper position in each track head of the inverted data body, storing tracks with the same code as a two-dimensional inverted data body, writing the original horizontal and vertical coordinates and the track number of the original two-dimensional seismic data recorded at the proper position into the corresponding position of each track head of the inverted data, and loading new inverted data onto the corresponding two-dimensional seismic survey line to display the seismic profile.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of:

wherein said determining a reservoir prediction result based on said reservoir parameters further comprises:

when the logical operation result is correct, the logical operation result is operated to obtain a corresponding data body, and the reservoir thickness distribution is determined according to the data body;