CN112010515A - Rapid method suitable for industrialized remediation of heavy metal-containing leachate polluted river sediment - Google Patents
Rapid method suitable for industrialized remediation of heavy metal-containing leachate polluted river sediment Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
- C02F11/145—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances using calcium compounds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration of environmental engineering, and particularly relates to a rapid method suitable for industrially restoring bottom mud of a river polluted by percolate containing heavy metals. Cofferdam diversion is carried out on the upstream and downstream of an area to be treated, open ditch water collection and pumping are carried out on the area to enable free water of bottom mud in the area to be nearly dry, the pH value in the area is adjusted to 6-9, then curing agent, stabilizing agent and adsorbent are added, the water content in the area is adjusted to 30% -40% after uniform mixing, and then in-situ open maintenance is carried out for 1-3 days, so that the remediation of the bottom mud of the river polluted by the heavy metal-containing percolate can be realized. The method has the advantages that the in-situ and ex-situ combined rapid repair construction is simple, rapid and effective, the in-situ open maintenance is carried out for 1-3 days, the ex-situ excavation and the transportation and the landfill can be carried out to finish the treatment, the repair aim is achieved, the engineering cost is reduced, and the problems of secondary pollution and overlong process flow during the bottom mud flowing ex-situ repair excavation are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration of environmental engineering, and particularly relates to a rapid method suitable for industrially restoring bottom mud of a river polluted by percolate containing heavy metals.
Background
The leachate is formed by leaching heavy metal-containing solid waste residues discharged from factories such as a chlor-alkali plant, a chemical plant, a battery plant, an electroplating plant, a lead-zinc smelting plant, a steel plant and the like in the production process for a long time on the premise of not effectively preventing seepage. In these solid wastes, a considerable amount of heavy metals are contained. The slag mainly contains heavy metals such As Ba, Mn, Sr, As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and the like according to different types of waste slag. Due to the existence of a large number of non-normal heavy metal-containing solid waste storage yards and no anti-seepage measures, heavy metals can enter nearby drainage channels or small riverways along with the migration of underground water. Once entering the water body, the heavy metals can be enriched in the bottom mud on the surface layer of the riverbed through the actions of adsorption, complexation, precipitation and the like, and the content of the heavy metals in the bottom mud can exceed the content of the water body by several orders of magnitude, so that the heavy metals become a storage warehouse and a destination of the heavy metals in the water body. And when the environmental conditions change, part of heavy metals can be released from the bottom mud through the actions of desorption, dissolution, oxidation reduction and the like, so that the secondary pollution of the water body is caused. The continuous accumulation of heavy metals in the bottom mud not only poses serious threats to aquatic organisms, drinking water of residents along rivers and safe irrigation of farmlands, but also can damage human health through a food chain, and the health can be seriously affected by long-term contact; meanwhile, the method can cause continuous pollution to the surrounding ecological environment. Therefore, safe disposal of the heavy metal polluted bottom mud is particularly necessary.
At present, the method for repairing pollutants in bottom mud at home and abroad mainly has 2 modes, namely in-situ treatment and ex-situ treatment. The in-situ treatment refers to the action of directly eliminating the pollution of the sediment by means of solidification/stabilization or biodegradation and the like without dredging the polluted sediment, and the ex-situ treatment refers to the action of eliminating the harm of the pollutant to the water body after the polluted sediment is dredged.
The prior Chinese patent with publication number CN 107226600A relates to a riverway sediment in-situ remediation system, which mainly uses a microbial generator and a micropore aeration unit to realize anaerobic ammonia oxidation so as to remove endogenous pollution. The process belongs to in-situ remediation treatment, a pollution source is not completely removed, the influence on the surrounding environment cannot be completely eliminated, and the bioremediation method generally has long time period, low efficiency and easy effect rebound in midway.
The prior Chinese patent with publication number CN 104803573A relates to an ex-situ treatment method of heavy metal polluted bottom mud, which mainly comprises the steps of conveying the bottom mud to a river bank by excavation, washing out pebbles, broken stones and coarse sand, then carrying out conditioning and mud-water separation on the bottom mud in a washing liquid, then carrying out secondary screening, mud-water separation, flocculation conditioning and dehydration on the mud, and finally carrying out solidification and stabilization treatment on the dehydrated bottom mud. The process belongs to ex-situ repair treatment, and although risks can be thoroughly eliminated, the process flow is long, mechanical equipment is used, the cost is expensive, and the construction period cannot be effectively guaranteed.
The traditional Chinese patent with publication number CN 110590103A relates to a method for repairing and treating bottom mud of urban black and odorous riverways, which mainly comprises the steps of excavating and stacking the bottom mud to two sides of the riverway, paving modifying agents, turning over and stirring, and finally re-paving the bottom mud in the riverway. This process belongs to the dystopy restoration processing, needs excavation sunning reduction bed mud's moisture content that paves, thereby often can't accomplish safe civilized construction and secondary pollution effectively and prevent to lead to polluting the peripheral ecological environment of river bank when this link leads to cleaing away the mode selection excavation because the trickling form and the adhesion of river course bed mud, takes place to block up and seriously influences the time limit for a project during the selection pump is taken.
The traditional Chinese patent with publication number CN 110054371A relates to a repairing agent for copper-polluted bottom mud and a preparation method thereof, and the repairing agent is mainly prepared by utilizing modified polyferric aluminide, an iron-based compound, cement, chitosan, deionized water and the like. The medicament has the advantages of complex preparation process, various raw materials, high price, heating treatment, single treatment target only aiming at the heavy metal Cu, and difficulty in realizing large-scale application in actual engineering construction.
The pollution source is not completely removed by the in-situ treatment, and the influence on the surrounding environment cannot be completely eliminated; although risk can be thoroughly eliminated in the ectopic treatment, safe and civilized construction and secondary pollution prevention and control cannot be effectively achieved when excavation is selected as a clearing mode due to the flowing state and the adhesiveness of bottom mud of a river channel. Therefore, a rapid combined repair engineering technology which has the advantages of both in-situ treatment and ex-situ treatment, is feasible in technology and controllable in cost needs to be developed, the in-situ repair process and the ex-situ repair process are integrated to form an organic system method, and the in-situ repair process and the ex-situ repair process are mutually cooperated to serve and complement each other. The method not only comprises a chemical repairing agent which is relatively quick in reaction and simple and easy to obtain, but also comprises a simple and quick construction method, and finally can realize quick repairing and emergency treatment, and is safe and reliable, short in construction period, low in cost and high in efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention relates to a rapid method for restoring the bottom mud of the heavy metal-containing percolate polluted river channel in an in-situ and ex-situ combined mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a rapid method suitable for industrialized remediation of river sediment polluted by leachate containing heavy metals comprises the steps of conducting cofferdam diversion on the upstream and downstream of an area to be treated, conducting open ditch water collection and pumping on the area to enable free water of bottom sediment in the area to be nearly dry, adjusting the pH value in the area to 6-9, then adding a curing agent, a stabilizing agent and an adsorbent, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content of the area to 30% -40%, and then conducting in-situ open maintenance for 1-3 days, so that remediation of river sediment polluted by leachate containing heavy metals can be achieved.
And after the in-situ open maintenance is carried out for 1 to 3 days, the excavation, transportation and landfill can be carried out to finish the treatment and achieve the restoration purpose.
Cofferdam diversion is carried out on the upstream and downstream of an area to be treated, open ditch water collection and pumping are carried out on the area to enable free water of bottom mud in the area to be nearly dry, the area is divided into a plurality of regions with equal volumes for stirring uniformly, pH conditioning agents, curing agents, stabilizing agents and adsorbing agents are respectively added into different regions, the pH value of bottom mud in a river channel of each region is adjusted to 6-9, the water content of each region is adjusted to 30-40% after uniform mixing, then open curing is carried out in situ for 1-3 days, the flowing character of the bottom mud can be changed, and then excavation, transportation and landfill are finished to achieve the aim of remediation.
The method is combined fast restoration in situ and ex situ, and is characterized in that a medicament is directly added into a river channel to carry out fast in situ restoration to change the flowing character of bottom mud, so that subsequent ex situ excavation and transportation landfill are facilitated.
Furthermore, cofferdam diversion is carried out on the upstream and downstream of the river channel treatment section, and then hydraulic drainage is carried out on the treatment section. The method comprises the steps of dividing a region into a plurality of regions with equal volumes for uniform stirring, stirring the regions, adding a pH conditioner into the river sediment polluted by waste residue leachate containing Ba, Mn, Sr, As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and the like according to the acidity and alkalinity of the river sediment, adjusting the pH to 6-9, adding a curing agent, a stabilizing agent and an adsorbent, fully stirring, adjusting the water content to 30% -40% (preferably 30%), and then opening for maintenance. The pH conditioning agent is divided into an acidic conditioning agent and an alkaline conditioning agent according to the acidity and alkalinity of the bottom mud, the curing agent is mainly a cementing material, the stabilizing agent is mainly a precipitating agent, and the adsorbent is mainly clay mineral. In the treatment of the river sediment polluted by the high-concentration waste residue leachate containing Ba, Mn, Sr, As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and the like, the method disclosed by the invention is simple, quick and effective in-situ and ex-situ combined quick repair construction, can be used for excavating, transferring and filling after in-situ open maintenance for 1-3 days to achieve the aim of repairing, reduces the engineering cost and simultaneously avoids the problems of secondary pollution and overlong process flow when the sediment flows and is subjected to ex-situ repair excavation.
Preferably, in the present invention, the area is divided into a plurality of equal-volume areas every 10 to 20 meters in the length direction.
The pH conditioning agent is an acidic conditioning agent or an alkaline conditioning agent;
the curing agent is one or a mixture of cement, fly ash and gypsum; preferably, the curing agent is cement, and the addition amount of the curing agent is 2% -3% of the wet weight of the treated substrate sludge after the free water is drained.
The stabilizing agent is one or a mixture of sodium sulfate, calcium phosphate and sodium sulfide; preferably, the stabilizing agent is one or any combination of more than two of sodium sulfate and calcium phosphate.
The adsorbent is one or a mixture of bentonite, kaolin and zeolite. Preferably, the adsorbent is bentonite.
The acidic conditioner is one or a mixture of ferrous sulfate, sorbic acid and citric acid; the alkaline conditioner is one or a mixture of lime, sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide.
Preferably, the acidic pH conditioner is ferrous sulfate and the alkaline conditioner is lime.
The addition amount of the curing agent is 1-5% of the wet weight of the bottom mud after open ditch water collection and pumping treatment of the area to be treated. Specifically, the addition amount of the sludge is 1-5% of the wet weight of the sludge in the area to be treated, and free water is nearly dry after open ditch water collection and pumping.
The weight parts of the curing agent, the stabilizing agent and the adsorbent are 100 parts: (50-200) parts by weight: (50-100) parts by weight. According to the preferable technical scheme, the mass ratio of the curing agent to the stabilizing agent is 1: 1-1: 2, and the mass ratio of the curing agent to the adsorbent is 1: 1.
The concentration of the pollutants in the riverway bottom mud to be treated is 500 mg/kg-25000 mg/kg.
The area to be treated is a drainage channel polluted by percolate generated by leaching of a non-normal heavy metal-containing solid waste storage yard or bottom mud of a small river channel.
Heavy metals in the filtrate of the area to be treated are mainly one or more of Ba, Mn, Sr, As, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni.
Preferably, in the invention, the pH value is 7-8, the water content is about 30%, the curing time is 24 hours at the shortest, and the curing condition is open curing.
Preferably, in the present invention, the area is divided into a plurality of equal-volume areas every 10 to 20 meters in the length direction.
The invention can achieve the following technical effects:
according to the method, by combining an in-situ mode and an ex-situ mode, firstly, cofferdam diversion is carried out on the upstream and downstream of a river channel treatment section, and then hydraulic drainage is carried out on the treatment section; and adding a pH conditioner into the river sediment according to the pH value of the river sediment to adjust the pH value to 6-9, adding a curing agent, a stabilizing agent and an adsorbent, fully stirring, adjusting the water content to 30-40%, and after in-situ open curing for 1-3 days, excavating, transferring and filling to finish treatment so as to achieve the aim of repairing, so that the engineering cost is reduced, and the problems of secondary pollution and overlong process flow during the excavation of the flowing ex-situ repair of the sediment are solved.
Meanwhile, in the treatment process, the area to be treated is divided into a plurality of equal-volume areas, so that the bottom mud and the added reagent can be fully mixed, and a more sufficient reaction environment is provided for the subsequent homogeneous reaction.
The method disclosed by the invention is simple, quick and effective in-situ and ex-situ combined type quick repair construction, can avoid the defects that the pollution source in-situ treatment is not removed and the influence on the surrounding environment cannot be thoroughly eliminated, and can also avoid the adverse effects of secondary pollution, equipment blockage and the like caused by the flowing state and the adhesiveness of bottom mud of a river channel during ex-situ treatment during excavation or pumping.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to facilitate better understanding and enabling those skilled in the art to practice the invention, which are not intended to limit the invention.
The method realizes the rapid repair of the river sediment polluted by the waste residue percolate containing Ba, Mn, Sr, As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and the like with medium and high concentration through multiple reactions such As acid-base regulation, solidification, stabilization, adsorption and the like, has the advantages of rapidness, simplicity and effectiveness, and can realize the purpose of repairing by excavating, transferring and burying in different places after 1-3 days of in-situ open maintenance.
The medicament described by the invention is all of industrial grade and purchased and obtained in domestic market. The riverway sediment repaired in the embodiment is from Sichuan, Guizhou, Jiangsu, Shandong and the like. The sample is mainly polluted by leachate containing Ba, Mn, Sr, As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and other waste residues.
Example 1
The embodiment is used for treating and repairing small river channels nearby outside a chlor-alkali plant in Sichuan, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the pollutants in the bottom mud of the river channel mainly come from BaCl production2The pH value of the leachate formed by long-term leaching of the unorganized stacking of the left waste residues is 7.5, the main pollution factors are 500 mg/kg-25000 mg/kg of Ba, 600-9000 mg/kg of Mn, 2000 mg/kg-25000 mg/kg of Sr and 500-600 mg/kg of As. The construction process is described as follows:
(1) a bagged soil cofferdam is built at the upstream of the repair section (HDPE films are laid on the upstream side), a steel plate at the downstream of the repair section is used for intercepting to prevent river water from flowing backwards, and a submersible sewage pump is used for pumping the upstream river water to the downstream for diversion;
(2) after the upstream and downstream of the repair section are cut off, collecting water in the open ditch of the repair section and pumping the water until the free water is nearly dry;
(3) after the hydraulic drainage of the area to be repaired, dividing the area into a plurality of repair segments by taking 10 meters in the length direction;
(4) paving cement, sodium sulfate and bentonite in each repair segment in sequence, then uniformly stirring and mixing by using a (long-arm) excavator, and keeping the water content in the region to be 30%; wherein the addition amount of the cement is 2% of the wet weight mass ratio of the free water of the cement in the area section after being drained; 1 part of cement, sodium sulfate and bentonite: 2: and 1, adding.
(5) Uniformly mixing all the areas, and then carrying out in-situ open maintenance in the river channel for 24 hours;
(6) after maintenance, taking the repaired bottom mud to perform a leaching experiment according to a sulfuric acid-nitric acid method (HJ/T299-2007) of a solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method;
and detecting the concentrations of Ba, Mn, Sr and As in the leachate of the sample after solidification and stabilization. Ba, Mn, Sr and As in the samples were tested according to appendix T of "hazardous waste identification standard leach toxicity identification" (GB 5085.3-2007); according to calculation, the method of the embodiment enables the concentration of Ba, Mn, Sr and As in the sulfuric acid-nitric acid leaching liquor of the solidified and stabilized sample to reach the landfill standard of hazardous waste landfill pollution control standard (GB 18598-2019);
entrance requirement of hazardous waste landfill pollution control Standard
| Factor(s) | Limit value (mg/L) | Remarks for note |
| Ba | 85 | Entry criteria |
| Mn | Without limitation | Entry criteria |
| Sr | Without limitation | Entry criteria |
| As | 1.2 | Entry criteria |
(7) And carrying out ectopic excavation transportation and backfill disposal on the excavation section.
According to the mode of above-mentioned embodiment it has compromise own advantage of in situ treatment and dystopy processing, promptly, often only stabilization process when utilizing the in situ treatment, but not the intensity of great range change river course bed mud, and added curing agent such as cement and changed the characters that the river course bed mud trickled when the in situ stabilization, change river course bed mud characters (intensity mainly), and then transport for subsequent dystopy excavation, make it realize that the normal position makes the solidification reaction and the stabilization reaction of bed mud unite two into one in the fastest time (1-3 days), it carries out secondary stabilization reaction to get into agitated vessel after having removed original dystopy excavation simultaneously, and the compaction that the bed mud characters after the solidification become consolidates and makes excavation transportation process become safe controllable.
Example 2
The embodiment is used for a drainage channel near a waste residue storage yard in a certain chemical plant in Guizhou, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the pollutants in the bottom mud of the drainage channel mainly come from BaCl production2Leachate formed by long-term leaching of unorganized stack of left waste residues and productionThe main pollution factors of the solid waste residue left by the ionic membrane caustic soda and other products are that the concentration of Ba is 1000 mg/kg-25000 mg/kg, the concentration of Mn is 1000-15000 mg/kg, the concentration of Sr is 1500 mg/kg-20000 mg/kg, and the concentration of Pb is 600-800 mg/kg. The construction process is described as follows:
(1) a bagged soil cofferdam is built at the upstream of the repair section (HDPE films are laid on the upstream side), a steel plate at the downstream of the repair section is used for intercepting to prevent river water from flowing backwards, and a submersible sewage pump is used for pumping the upstream river water to the downstream for diversion;
(2) after the upstream and downstream of the repair section are cut off, collecting water in the open ditch of the repair section and pumping the water until the free water is nearly dry;
(3) after the hydraulic drainage of the area to be repaired, the area to be repaired is divided into a plurality of repairing subsections according to the length direction and 20 meters;
(4) adding alkaline conditioner lime, and adjusting the pH to 8.0;
(5) paving cement, sodium sulfate and kaolin in each repair segment in sequence, then uniformly stirring and mixing by using a (long-arm) excavator, and keeping the water content in the region to be 40%; wherein the addition amount of the cement is 2% of the wet weight mass ratio of the free water of the cement in the area section after being drained; the cement, the sodium sulfate and the kaolin are mixed according to the weight portion of 1: 1.5: 0.5 of adding.
(6) Uniformly mixing all the areas, and then carrying out in-situ open maintenance in the river channel for 48 hours;
(7) leaching experiments are carried out on the solidified stabilizer according to a solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method sulfuric acid-nitric acid method (HJ/T299-2007);
and detecting the concentrations of Ba, Mn, Sr and Pb in the leachate of the solidified and stabilized test sample. Ba, Mn, Sr and Pb in the samples were tested according to appendix T of "hazardous waste identification standard leach toxicity identification" (GB 5085.3-2007); according to calculation, the method of the embodiment enables the concentration of Ba, Mn, Sr and Pb in the sulfuric acid-nitric acid leaching liquor of the solidified and stabilized sample to reach the landfill standard of hazardous waste landfill pollution control standard (GB 18598-2019);
entrance requirement of hazardous waste landfill pollution control Standard
(8) And carrying out ectopic excavation transportation and backfill disposal on the excavation section.
Example 3
The embodiment is used for a sludge pit near a certain irregular landfill site in Jiangsu, and comprises the following concrete steps:
pollutants in the sludge pit mainly come from percolate formed by long-term inorganically stacked domestic garbage and solid waste leaching, the pH value is 7.4, the main pollution factors are Cu concentration of 2000 mg/kg-10000 mg/kg, Zn concentration of 1500-8000 mg/kg and Ni concentration of 1000-5000 mg/kg. The construction process is described as follows:
(1) a bagged soil cofferdam is built at the upstream of the repair section (HDPE films are laid on the upstream side), a steel plate at the downstream of the repair section is used for intercepting to prevent river water from flowing backwards, and a submersible sewage pump is used for pumping the upstream river water to the downstream for diversion;
(2) after the upstream and downstream of the repair section are cut off, collecting water in the open ditch of the repair section and pumping the water until the free water is nearly dry;
(3) after the hydraulic drainage of the area to be repaired, dividing the area to be repaired into a plurality of repairing subsections according to the length direction and 15 meters;
(4) sequentially paving the fly ash, the calcium phosphate and the zeolite on each repair segment, uniformly stirring and mixing by using a (long-arm) excavator, and keeping the water content in the region to be 35%; wherein the addition amount of the cement is 2% of the wet weight mass ratio of the free water of the cement in the area section after being drained; the fly ash, the calcium phosphate and the zeolite are mixed according to the weight portion of 1: 1: and 1, adding.
(5) Uniformly mixing all the areas, and then carrying out in-situ open maintenance in the river channel for 36 hours;
(6) leaching experiments were carried out on the solidified stabilized bodies according to "solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method horizontal oscillation method" (HJ 557-2010);
and detecting the concentrations of Cu, Zn and Ni in the leachate of the sample after solidification and stabilization. Testing Cu, Zn and Ni in the sample according to a related national standard method; through calculation, the method of the embodiment enables the concentration of Cu, Zn and Ni in the horizontal oscillation leaching liquor of the solidification stabilization sample to reach the landfill standard of the general industrial solid waste storage and disposal site pollution control standard (GB 18599-2001);
general industrial solid waste storage and disposal site pollution control Standard entrance requirement
(7) And carrying out ectopic excavation transportation and backfill disposal on the excavation section.
Example 4
This embodiment is used for the outer adjacent little river course of certain chemical plant factory in Shandong, specifically as follows:
pollutants in the river sediment mainly come from leachate formed by inorganically stacking waste residues left by battery production for long-term leaching, and main pollution factors are Pb concentration of 5000-25000 mg/kg, Mn concentration of 3000-15000 mg/kg and As concentration of 800-2000 mg/kg. The construction process is described as follows:
(1) a bagged soil cofferdam is built at the upstream of the repair section (HDPE films are laid on the upstream side), a steel plate at the downstream of the repair section is used for intercepting to prevent river water from flowing backwards, and a submersible sewage pump is used for pumping the upstream river water to the downstream for diversion;
(2) after the upstream and downstream of the repair section are cut off, collecting water in the open ditch of the repair section and pumping the water until the free water is nearly dry;
(3) after the hydraulic drainage of the area to be repaired, dividing the area into a plurality of repair segments by taking 10 meters in the length direction;
(4) adding ferrous sulfate as an acidic conditioner, and adjusting the pH to 7.0;
(5) paving cement, calcium phosphate and bentonite in each repair segment in sequence, then uniformly stirring and mixing by using a (long-arm) excavator, and keeping the water content in the region to be 30%; wherein the addition amount of the cement is 2% of the wet weight mass ratio of the free water of the cement in the area section after being drained; the cement, the calcium phosphate and the bentonite are mixed according to the following weight parts: 0.5: and 1, adding.
(6) Uniformly mixing all the areas, and then carrying out in-situ open maintenance in the river channel for 72 hours;
(7) leaching experiments are carried out on the solidified stabilizer according to a solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method sulfuric acid-nitric acid method (HJ/T299-2007);
and detecting the concentrations of Pb, Mn and As in the leachate of the sample after solidification and stabilization. The Pb, Mn and As in the samples were tested according to appendix T of the Standard for hazardous waste identification Leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007); according to calculation, the method of the embodiment enables the concentration of Pb, Mn and As in the sulfuric acid-nitric acid leaching liquor of the solidified and stabilized sample to reach the landfill standard of hazardous waste landfill pollution control standard (GB 18598-2019);
entrance requirement of hazardous waste landfill pollution control Standard
(8) And carrying out ectopic excavation transportation and backfill disposal on the excavation section.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A rapid method suitable for industrialized remediation of river sediment polluted by heavy metal-containing percolate is characterized by comprising the following steps: cofferdam diversion is carried out on the upstream and downstream of an area to be treated, open ditch water collection and pumping are carried out on the area to enable free water of bottom mud in the area to be nearly dry, the pH value in the area is adjusted to 6-9, then curing agent, stabilizing agent and adsorbent are added, the water content in the area is adjusted to 30% -40% after uniform mixing, and then in-situ open maintenance is carried out for 1-3 days, so that the remediation of the bottom mud of the river polluted by the heavy metal-containing percolate can be realized.
2. The rapid method suitable for the industrialized remediation of the river sediment contaminated by leachate containing heavy metals according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and after the in-situ open maintenance is carried out for 1 to 3 days, the excavation, transportation and landfill can be carried out to finish the treatment and achieve the restoration purpose.
3. The rapid method suitable for the industrialized remediation of the river sediment contaminated by leachate containing heavy metals according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: cofferdam diversion is carried out on the upstream and downstream of an area to be treated, open ditch water collection and pumping are carried out on the area to enable free water of bottom mud in the area to be nearly dry, then the area is divided into a plurality of regions with equal volumes, pH conditioning agents, curing agents, stabilizing agents and adsorbing agents are respectively added into different regions, the pH value of bottom mud in a river channel of each region is adjusted to 6-9, the water content of each region is adjusted to 30% -40% after uniform mixing, then in-situ open maintenance is carried out for 1-3 days, the flowing character of the bottom mud can be changed, and then excavation, transportation and landfill are finished to achieve the restoration purpose.
4. The rapid method suitable for the industrialized remediation of the river sediment contaminated by leachate containing heavy metals according to claim 3, which is characterized in that:
the pH conditioning agent is an acidic conditioning agent or an alkaline conditioning agent;
the curing agent is one or a mixture of cement, fly ash and gypsum;
the stabilizing agent is one or a mixture of sodium sulfate, calcium phosphate and sodium sulfide;
the adsorbent is one or a mixture of bentonite, kaolin and zeolite.
5. The rapid method suitable for the industrialized remediation of the river sediment contaminated by leachate containing heavy metals according to claim 4, which comprises the following steps: the acidic conditioner is one or a mixture of ferrous sulfate, sorbic acid and citric acid; the alkaline conditioner is one or a mixture of lime, sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide.
6. The rapid method suitable for the industrialized remediation of the river sediment contaminated by leachate containing heavy metals according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the addition amount of the curing agent is 1-5% of the wet weight of the bottom mud after open ditch water collection and pumping treatment of the area to be treated.
7. The rapid method suitable for the industrialized remediation of the river sediment contaminated by leachate containing heavy metals according to claim 1 or 6, which is characterized in that: the weight parts of the curing agent, the stabilizing agent and the adsorbent are 100 parts: (50-200) parts by weight: (50-100) parts by weight.
8. The rapid method suitable for the industrialized remediation of the river sediment contaminated by leachate containing heavy metals according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the concentration of the pollutants in the riverway bottom mud to be treated is 500 mg/kg-25000 mg/kg.
9. The bottom mud for the heavy metal-containing leachate-polluted river channel according to claim 1, wherein: heavy metals in the leachate of the area to be treated are mainly one or more of Ba, Mn, Sr, As, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni.
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