CN112009010B - Vacuum-pumping vibration forming method for carbon product - Google Patents
Vacuum-pumping vibration forming method for carbon product Download PDFInfo
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- CN112009010B CN112009010B CN202010877078.7A CN202010877078A CN112009010B CN 112009010 B CN112009010 B CN 112009010B CN 202010877078 A CN202010877078 A CN 202010877078A CN 112009010 B CN112009010 B CN 112009010B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
- B30B11/04—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space co-operating with a fixed mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
- B30B11/027—Particular press methods or systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/0005—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing for briquetting presses
- B30B15/0017—Deairing means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/0052—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing for fluid driven presses
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vacuum-pumping vibration forming method of a carbon product, which comprises the following steps of: 1) loading the material into a mold box of a vibration forming machine, and allowing a vacuum cover and a pressure head to fall, wherein the vacuum cover is in contact with the top of the mold box, and the pressure head is suspended above the material; 2) starting a vacuum pumping system, pumping vacuum in the mold box, starting the vacuum pumping, delaying for 3s to less than or equal to T1 to less than or equal to 30s, starting a vibration device of a vibration platform to perform flattening vibration, flattening vibration to realize flattening of the material, wherein the vibration time is more than 3s and less than or equal to T2 to less than or equal to 20 s; 3) continuously vacuumizing, enabling a pressure head to fall down, enabling the pressure head to be pressed on the material by self weight, and vibrating a vibrating device of a vibrating platform in a frequency Fl mode; 4) continuously vacuumizing, pressurizing the pressure head, and vibrating the vibration device of the vibration platform in a frequency Fh mode. The invention improves the volume density of the carbon product and reduces the probability of internal crack generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a carbon product vacuum-pumping vibration forming method, belonging to the technical field of vibration forming.
Background
Production of a carbon product comprising: batching, thoughtlessly hold between fingers, vibration moulding and calcination etc. a plurality of processes, wherein vibration moulding is one of key process, and the key technical indicator of carbon element product vibration moulding includes: the carbon product has no crack, high volume density, homogeneous material, small height deviation of four corners, etc. All the procedures of material formula, kneading, roasting and the like can influence the indexes, but the material vibration forming process after the material kneading is finished is particularly critical. A large-scale vibration forming machine is generally used and comprises a vibration platform, wherein vibration parameters such as vibration force, vibration frequency and the like can be adjusted, a mold box is placed on the vibration platform, materials which are kneaded are placed in the mold box, a vacuum cover and a pressure head which can be matched with the mold box for use are arranged above the mold box, the pressure head is connected with a pressurizing device, and the vacuum cover and the mold box are matched for sealing the top of the mold box so as to ensure that the interior of the mold box is vacuumized. The existing vibration forming machine has the problems that cracks exist in the carbon product subjected to vibration forming, the volume density of the carbon product is low, and the numerical value is unstable in the using process, and the volume density and the internal cracks are important quality indexes of the carbon product: key indicators of strength and resistivity. In the process of forming the carbon material, the relevance and complexity of the process conditions and the material characteristic changes are high, so that for the production of high-quality carbon products, in addition to the factors such as the self structure and the functional principle of equipment, the process control matched with the material characteristic changes plays a decisive role in the vibration forming process. In the former vibration forming process, because the change of material characteristics in the vibration forming process is ignored and only considered from the angle of accelerating speed, the vacuum cover and the weight fall, the weight falls down to contact with the material, and the material is vacuumized and pressurized to vibrate at the same time, and because the weight presses the material in the process, the natural loose structure of the material is damaged, part of gas is densely wrapped by the material and cannot be discharged through vacuumization, so that the vacuumizing effect is influenced, and the existence of the gas in the material can cause cracks in the vibration forming carbon product and the reduction of volume density, thereby influencing the product quality; although there are some improvements, the actual effect is not yet satisfactory. Patent document ZL200310105623.7 entitled anode carbon block vibration molding method for aluminum describes a process in which a weight (i.e., a ram) is not pressed on the surface of a material, and the material is vacuumized and vibrated at the same time. In fact, the improvement of the product quality is related to the process and implementation steps of the whole vibration forming process. Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problems of the art to control the vibration forming machine by which method to produce carbon products having high bulk density, homogeneous properties, small dimensional errors and few internal cracks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a carbon product vacuumizing vibration forming method aiming at the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the vacuum-pumping vibration forming method of the carbon product is characterized in that the material is vibrated and formed by the following steps:
1) loading the material into a mold box of a vibration forming machine, and allowing a vacuum cover and a pressure head to fall, wherein the vacuum cover is in contact with the top of the mold box, and the pressure head is suspended above the material; the sealing of a vacuum cover and a mould box of the vibration forming machine is realized, and a pressure head is in a suspended state;
2) starting a vacuum pumping system, vacuumizing the mold box, starting vacuumizing and delaying for 3s to T1 to be less than or equal to 30s, starting a vibration device of a vibration platform to perform flattening material vibration, flattening the material surface by the flattening material vibration, wherein the flattening vibration time is 3s to T2 to be less than or equal to 20 s; in the step, the upper surface of the material in the mold box is mainly leveled, and the method disclosed by the invention is adopted for leveling, so that the height deviation of four corners of the material after vibration molding can be controlled within the range of 0-2 mm; in this step, under the condition that the vibration platform vibration is not carried out in the evacuation earlier, the evacuation can make the mould incasement portion form the vacuum state fast, is favorable to the rapid discharge of the material pore internal gas under the natural loose state. On the contrary, the natural loose state of the material is destroyed by vibration under the condition that the gas in the pores of the material is not discharged in the natural loose state, the closed space isolated from the outside is quickly formed by the internal micropores of the material due to the vibration, even if the vacuum pumping is started at the same time, because a certain vacuum degree is not formed at the moment and the pores of the material tend to be closed, the gas in the internal micropores of the material is difficult to discharge, and simultaneously, along with the vibration process, the closed space isolated from the outside is quickly formed by the internal micropores of the material due to the vibration, so that the air sealed in the material is difficult to be pumped out again. In the vibration flattening process, the compactness of the material is formed, so that the gas in the material is not favorably discharged, and the gas in the material can cause the defects of cracks, increased resistivity and reduced volume density of a carbon product, so that the quality of the product is influenced; in this step, because the vacuum is first pumped before the vibration, the vacuum state is formed in the mould box, and the material is still in the natural loose state after the mould box is fed, the gas in the micropores in the material is quickly discharged. In addition, because the material is not under the action of a pressure head, the amplitude of the vertical vibration of the material in the die box is large in the subsequent material vibration flattening process, so that the upper plane of the material is conveniently and quickly flattened, and the residual gas in the material is relatively discharged;
3) continuously vacuumizing, enabling a pressure head to fall down, enabling the pressure head to press the upper surface of the material by self weight, and enabling an adjustable vibration device of a vibration platform to vibrate in a frequency Fl mode, wherein Fl is more than or equal to 10Hz and less than or equal to 30Hz, and T3 is more than or equal to 1s and less than or equal to 30s in continuous vibration; in the step, the pressure head presses on the material by self weight, the vibration platform vibrates in a relatively low frequency mode, the pressure on the material in the die box is relatively small, the material in the die box vibrates by relatively low frequency and large amplitude, and the material only bears the pressure of the self weight of the pressure head, so that the borne pressure is small, and the two factors are combined, so that the materials in the die box can relatively move to a large extent, and the homogenization of the materials is realized in the process; in the process, gas exhausted from the materials is continuously pumped out by the vacuum-pumping system;
4) continuously vacuumizing, pressurizing the pressure head by a pressurizing system, vibrating an adjustable vibrating device of the vibrating platform in a frequency Fh mode, wherein Fh is larger than Fl, Fh is larger than or equal to 15Hz and is smaller than or equal to 50Hz, and T4 is larger than or equal to 5s and is smaller than or equal to 40s in continuous vibration; after the treatment of the previous step, the material has already reached a certain volume density, the exhaust is also very sufficient, at this moment the material in the mould box vibrates with relatively high frequency and small amplitude, meanwhile, because the pressurizing device applies pressure to the pressure head, the pressure head is made to press the material, so the pressure born by the material is large; the two factors are combined, so that the materials in the mold box can perform small-amplitude high-frequency relative motion, and the volume density of the materials is quickly improved under the action of a pressurizing pressure head; in the process, the gas exhausted from the material is continuously pumped out by the vacuum-pumping system, so that the volume density of the material is further improved.
Because in the above process, the relevant process requirements are fully considered: the method comprises the steps of discharging gas in the material, homogenizing the material, vibrating and compacting the material, and adopting correct operation steps and process parameters, thereby ensuring the homogeneity and high strength of vibration forming of the material. Meanwhile, the process sequence and the combination of vacuumizing, flattening the material, homogenizing the material and compacting the material meet the process requirement of material forming, so that the material vibration forming time is greatly shortened, and the high efficiency of material vibration forming is realized.
On the basis of the technical scheme, in order to achieve the convenience of use and the stability of equipment, the invention can also make the following improvements on the technical scheme:
further, after the step 4), the method also comprises a step 5) of stopping vibration, stopping vacuumizing, lifting the pressure head and the vacuum cover and taking out the vibration-molded product.
Further, in the step 3), when the vibration device vibrates in a frequency F l mode, the amplitude of the mold box is Sh, and Sh is more than 2mm and less than or equal to 3 mm.
Further, in the step 4), when the vibration device vibrates in a frequency Fh mode, the amplitude of the mold box is Sl, and Sl is greater than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.
Furthermore, in the vacuum pumping process, the variation range of the relative vacuum degree in the mold box is 0.01MPa-0.098 MPa.
The invention has the advantages that: firstly, before vibration, vacuum pumping is carried out, so that the interior of the mold box can be quickly formed into a vacuum state, and the gas in the material can be quickly escaped, especially the gas in the micropores in the material; secondly, the material is flattened through vibration of the material which is not contacted with the pressure head, so that the height precision of four corners of the material after vibration molding is ensured; thirdly, the material is vibrated in a low-frequency large-amplitude mode under the dead weight pressure of the pressure head, so that the homogenization of the material vibration is realized, and then the material is converted into the high-frequency small-amplitude vibration molding of the pressure head for pressurization, so that the higher volume density of the vibration molded carbon product is ensured. Meanwhile, due to a reasonable vacuumizing method, gas in the paste is fully discharged, and the volume density of the vibration-formed carbon product is further improved. And moreover, the reasonable process sequence and combination realize the high efficiency of material vibration molding. The above aspects are organically combined, and the high-efficiency, high-strength and homogeneous vibration molding of the vacuumized material is realized.
Compared with the product produced by adopting the common vibration forming process, the pre-baked anode with the specification of 1650 multiplied by 700 multiplied by 620 (length multiplied by width multiplied by height, mm) is taken as an example, the vibration forming process of the invention is adopted to produce, and the single block vibration time is shortened to be less than 60 seconds from 90-120 seconds; under the same raw material and process conditions, the volume density is 1.62g/cm3Increased to 1.68g/cm3The above; the height error of the four corners of the finished product is reduced from 3-5mm to 0-2 mm. And reduces the probability of the generation of cracks inside the prebaked anode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an initial state of a vibration molding machine when a material is loaded into a mold box;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the state of the vibration molding machine after flattening in step 2) when the pressing head is not in contact with the material;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the contact state of the pressure head and the material in the step 3).
Reference numerals: 1-pressurizing device, 2-vacuum cover, 3-pressure head, 4-mould box, 5-vibration platform and 6-material.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The method for forming the carbon product by vacuumizing and vibrating (see figures 1-3) comprises the following steps of:
1) loading the material 6 into a mould box 4 (see figure 1) of a vibration forming machine, allowing a vacuum cover 2 and a pressure head 3 to fall, allowing the vacuum cover 2 to contact the top of the mould box 4 and the pressure head 3 to hover above the material 6 (see figure 2);
2) starting a vacuum pumping system, pumping vacuum in the die box 4, starting the vacuum pumping, delaying for 3s to less than or equal to T1 to less than or equal to 30s, starting a vibration device of the vibration platform 5 to perform flattening vibration, flattening vibration to achieve flattening of the material, wherein the vibration time is more than 3s and less than or equal to T2 to less than or equal to 20 s;
3) continuously vacuumizing, enabling the pressure head 3 to fall down, enabling the pressure head 3 to be pressed on the upper surface of the material by self weight (see figure 3), and enabling a vibration device of the vibration platform 5 to vibrate in a frequency Fl mode, wherein Fl is more than or equal to 10Hz and less than or equal to 30Hz, and T3 is more than or equal to 1s and less than or equal to 30s in continuous vibration; at the moment, the amplitude of the mould box 4 is Sh, and the amplitude of Sh is more than 2mm and less than or equal to 3 mm;
4) continuously vacuumizing, pressurizing the pressure head 3, vibrating the vibration device of the vibration platform 5 in a frequency Fh mode, wherein Fh is larger than Fl, Fh is larger than or equal to 15 and is smaller than or equal to 50Hz, and T4 is larger than or equal to 5s and is smaller than or equal to 40s in continuous vibration; at the moment, the amplitude of the mould box 4 is Sl, and Sl is more than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 2 mm; the pressurizing to the pressure head is realized by utilizing a pressurizing device, and the pressurizing device mainly refers to a hydraulic oil cylinder;
5) stopping vibrating, stopping vacuumizing, lifting the pressure head 3 and the vacuum cover 2, and taking out the formed product formed by vibration.
In the processes from step 3) to step 4), the vibration frequency of the vibration device is changed from a relatively low frequency to a relatively high frequency, the vibration amplitude of the mold box is changed from a relatively high amplitude to a relatively low amplitude, and the change of the amplitude of the mold box corresponds to the change of the amplitude of the material in the mold box.
In the vacuum pumping, the relative vacuum degree in the mold box is changed within the range of 0.01MPa to 0.098 MPa.
Taking the prebaked anode with the specification of 1650 × 700 × 620 (length × width × height, mm) as an example, the conventional vibration forming process is adopted to produce the carbon product, the vibration time of each block needs 90-120s, and the volume density of the carbon product is 1.62g/cm3The height deviation of the four corners is 3-5 mm.
The method of the invention is adopted to produce prebaked anode products with different specifications, and the specific technical parameters are as follows:
therefore, the method can shorten the processing time to below 60s, and the volume density of the same material is improved to 1.68g/cm under the same process condition3Above, the height deviation of the four corners is reduced to 0-2mm, and all indexes are obviously superior to those of the current production process method.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. The vacuum-pumping vibration forming method of the carbon product is characterized in that the material is subjected to vibration forming through the following steps:
1) loading the material into a mold box of a vibration forming machine, and allowing a vacuum cover and a pressure head to fall, wherein the vacuum cover is in contact with the top of the mold box, and the pressure head is suspended above the material;
2) starting a vacuum pumping system, pumping vacuum in the mold box, starting the vacuum pumping, delaying for 3s to be more than T1 and less than or equal to 30s, starting a vibration device of a vibration platform to perform flattening vibration, flattening vibration to realize flattening of materials in the mold box, and enabling the vibration time to be more than T2 and less than or equal to 20 s;
3) continuously vacuumizing, allowing a pressure head to fall down and press the upper surface of the material by means of the self weight of the pressure head, and vibrating a vibrating device of a vibrating platform in a frequency Fl mode, wherein Fl is more than or equal to 10Hz and less than or equal to 30Hz, and the continuous vibration time is more than or equal to 1s and less than or equal to T3 and less than or equal to 30 s;
4) continuously vacuumizing, pressurizing the pressure head by a pressurizing device, vibrating the vibration device of the vibration platform in a frequency Fh mode, wherein Fh is larger than Fl, Fh is larger than or equal to 15Hz and smaller than or equal to 50Hz, and T4 is larger than or equal to 5s and smaller than or equal to 40s in continuous vibration;
5) stopping vibrating, stopping vacuumizing, lifting the pressure head and the vacuum cover, and taking out the formed product formed by vibration.
2. The vacuuming vibration forming method of carbon products according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), when the vibration device vibrates in a frequency Fl mode, the amplitude of the mold box is Sh, and 2mm < Sh < 3 mm.
3. The vacuuming vibration forming method of carbon products according to claim 2, wherein in the step 4), when the vibration device vibrates in a frequency Fh mode, the amplitude of the mold box is Sl, and Sl is more than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.
4. The vacuuming vibration forming method of carbon products according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), when the vibration device vibrates in a frequency Fh mode, the amplitude of the mold box is Sl, and Sl is more than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.
5. The method for forming a carbon product by vacuum pumping and vibration according to claim 1, wherein the relative degree of vacuum in the mold box during the vacuum pumping is varied within a range of 0.01MPa to 0.098 MPa.
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CN114851624B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2023-01-24 | 山西丹源新材料科技股份有限公司 | Vibration type carbon cold press molding device |
CN114986972B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-03-14 | 罗田县新普生药业有限公司 | Melatonin multi-specification tabletting and charging equipment and tabletting and charging method thereof |
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JPS63132800A (en) * | 1986-11-25 | 1988-06-04 | Toshihiko Asami | Vibration press forming machine |
JPH04272804A (en) * | 1990-12-04 | 1992-09-29 | Luca Toncelli | Press for vibrating and compacting mixture of plate or block composed of granular stone or ceramics |
CN203438350U (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-02-19 | 广东中旗新材料科技有限公司 | Vacuum vibrating and pressing machine |
CN103846999A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-11 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Mixed pressing type vibration forming machine and forming method |
CN104308953A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-01-28 | 淄博翔鹏机械有限公司 | Pressure type vacuum vibration forming machine and application and usage method thereof |
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CN202439087U (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-09-19 | 河北联冠电极股份有限公司 | Tester for vibration forming parameters of carbon electrode |
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS63132800A (en) * | 1986-11-25 | 1988-06-04 | Toshihiko Asami | Vibration press forming machine |
JPH04272804A (en) * | 1990-12-04 | 1992-09-29 | Luca Toncelli | Press for vibrating and compacting mixture of plate or block composed of granular stone or ceramics |
CN103846999A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-11 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Mixed pressing type vibration forming machine and forming method |
CN203438350U (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-02-19 | 广东中旗新材料科技有限公司 | Vacuum vibrating and pressing machine |
CN104308953A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-01-28 | 淄博翔鹏机械有限公司 | Pressure type vacuum vibration forming machine and application and usage method thereof |
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