CN112006819A - Digital manufacturing process of lower limb artificial limb receiving cavity - Google Patents
Digital manufacturing process of lower limb artificial limb receiving cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN112006819A CN112006819A CN202010940000.5A CN202010940000A CN112006819A CN 112006819 A CN112006819 A CN 112006819A CN 202010940000 A CN202010940000 A CN 202010940000A CN 112006819 A CN112006819 A CN 112006819A
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- receiving cavity
- lower limb
- limb
- socket
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/5044—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/5046—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/5044—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/5046—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
- A61F2002/5047—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using mathematical models
- A61F2002/5049—Computer aided shaping, e.g. rapid prototyping
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/5044—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/5046—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
- A61F2002/505—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using CAD-CAM techniques or NC-techniques
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing process of a socket of a lower limb prosthesis, which comprises the following steps: a lower limb patient wears a silica gel inner bushing, and CT scanning is carried out on the stump part to obtain three-dimensional image data; and running special software, optimizing the three-dimensional image data to finally obtain three-dimensional model data suitable for the receiving cavity, transmitting the model data to an industrial 3D printer for 3D printing, and printing to manufacture the receiving cavity. The new process has the following advantages: the work efficiency and the comfort level of the receiving cavity can be improved, so that the patient can wear the artificial limb of the lower limb in the shortest time to return to the society; the method can improve economic benefits, improve the conditions of occupational health and safety of the staff, and avoid the influence of solid wastes on the environment to the maximum extent so as to obtain social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary appliances in rehabilitation engineering, in particular to a digital manufacturing process for manufacturing a socket of a lower artificial limb by utilizing CT scanning technology modeling, system optimization reconstruction of a three-dimensional model and 3D printing technology.
Background
Artificial limbs, also known as artificial limbs, are artificial limbs assembled to compensate for amputee limb defects by means and processes of engineering techniques. For lower amputees, wearing a prosthetic limb is a necessary aid to the amputee to stand up and walk. Modern lower limb prostheses generally consist of a socket, a connecting piece, a joint, a pipe fitting, a prosthetic foot plate and the like, wherein the socket is a connecting interface between a residual limb and the prosthetic foot, and not only bears and transmits acting force of a human body on the prosthetic foot, but also has the functions of containing the residual limb, suspending and controlling the prosthetic foot. In a sense, the design and fabrication of the socket plays a crucial role in the functioning of the prosthesis, and is a core component of the lower limb prosthesis.
Through search and discovery, application number 201811025638.5 discloses a manufacturing process of a prosthesis and an orthosis, which comprises the following steps: the medical model taking instrument is used for taking the model of the stump or the orthodontics correction part of the disabled patient to obtain 1: 1 three-dimensional scanned image data D1; utilizing artificial limb or orthosis mold trimming software to carry out simulation mold trimming processing on the three-dimensional scanning image data D1 to obtain three-dimensional scanning image data D2; and transmitting the three-dimensional scanning image data D2 to a 3D printer special for rehabilitation medical treatment for printing to obtain the prosthetic socket or the orthosis body.
The invention of patent No. 201810914283.9 discloses a process for making a prosthesis/orthosis, comprising the steps of: scanning the residual limb part of the patient to obtain the model, and obtaining the residual limb part 1: 1, three-dimensional image data D1; performing mould trimming processing on the three-dimensional image data D1 to obtain three-dimensional image data D2; transmitting the three-dimensional image data D2 to a 3D carving machine special for rehabilitation medical treatment for carving to obtain a male die; putting the yarn sleeve on the male die, and spraying a spraying material on the outer surface of the yarn sleeve; after the special spraying material is solidified, removing the male die to obtain the spray-molded prosthetic limb/orthotic device receiving cavity; finally, the accessories required by the artificial limb/orthopedic device are arranged on the artificial limb/orthopedic device receiving cavity, and the artificial limb/orthopedic device is obtained.
Modern prosthetic sockets are typically formed as a closed cavity from a material such as resin or thermoplastic sheet. The manufacturing process flow of the lower limb prosthesis socket is generally as follows: according to the lower limb prosthesis prescription prescribed by a doctor or an assistant adapter, a prosthesis technician measures and records relevant dimensions, marks are made on important nodes, the soaked gypsum bandage is used for removing the residual limb, the female type is obtained after the gypsum bandage is solidified, gypsum slurry is poured into the female type cavity, the male type is obtained after the gypsum slurry is solidified, the male type is trimmed, the laser alignment is carried out, a yarn sleeve is arranged on the male type sleeve, a connecting piece is pre-installed, a resin or thermoplastic plate is molded, a semi-finished product of a receiving cavity is cut, polishing and trimming are carried out, the prosthesis is assembled, a sample is adjusted to be satisfied by a patient. The extraction and trimming of the male form are the most technically significant in the overall socket fabrication process, and the basic work and experience of the prosthesis technician is tested. Generally, it takes at least 5 years to cultivate a skilled prosthesis technician.
The conventional receiving cavity can not be manufactured by gypsum, resin or thermoplastic plates, and certain dust and harmful gas are generated in the manufacturing process of the materials, so that the environment is polluted, and the occupational health safety of technicians is hurt. At the same time, whether the comfort of the socket is satisfactory to the patient is largely dictated by the individual proficiency of the technician.
The replacement period of the receiving cavity is different in length due to different atrophy degrees of the residual limbs of the patients, the receiving cavity needs to be replaced by some patients in less than one year, and the new receiving cavity needs to be remade by using a type-taking plaster bandage for remolding, so that labor and time are wasted.
Therefore, the challenging problem of how to improve the manufacturing efficiency and satisfaction degree of the prosthetic socket and how to improve the condition of the occupational health safety of the staff is solved in the front of professional technicians and scientific enthusiasts such as a prosthetic technology training school, students and technicians, assistive adapter and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to overcome the defects of the existing socket manufacturing process for the lower limb prosthesis, the invention discloses a novel digital manufacturing process for manufacturing the socket by utilizing CT scanning technology modeling, mould repairing and 3D printing technology, so as to improve the manufacturing efficiency and the comfort level of the socket.
The invention is realized in this way, construct a kind of digital preparation method of artificial limb socket of lower limb, characterized by that; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting volunteers with good lower limb artificial limb adaptability, carrying out CT scanning on the artificial limb and the residual limb in two states of wearing the lower limb artificial limb and only wearing the silica gel inner bushing, respectively establishing three-dimensional models of an accepting cavity, a residual limb end and the residual limb end, and simultaneously obtaining the repairing modulus of different parts of the residual limb; through the method, a large amount of patient experimental data are collected, classified analysis is carried out, and a difference database of amputated patients is established;
step 2: aiming at a new amputation patient needing to be assembled with a lower limb prosthesis, the amputation patient wears a silica gel inner bushing and scans by utilizing a CT scanning technology to obtain corresponding three-dimensional image data of the residual limb end of the patient;
and step 3: extracting corresponding image data of the bone tissue of the limb, soft tissue, the inner bushing and the receiving cavity of the patient according to different gray values of the three-dimensional image;
and 4, step 4: performing three-dimensional reconstruction, correction and optimization, surface fitting and the like on the obtained three-dimensional image data of the stump end to obtain a three-dimensional entity male die;
and 5: obtaining a three-dimensional model of the receiving cavity with a certain thickness according to the obtained male die of the residual limb end;
step 6: in the simulation system, three-dimensional models of the stump and the accepting cavity are assembled, reasonable simulation conditions are input, and finite element mechanics simulation (such as flat ground execution, static standing, static sitting posture, stair ascending and descending and the like) during normal gait is carried out on the stump of the patient; optimizing the shape of the receiving cavity according to the simulation result;
and 7: transmitting the modified model data to an industrial-grade 3D printer for 3D printing, performing a post-processing process, and finally assembling the printed accepting cavity model with other artificial limb parts to obtain the artificial limb suitable for the patient; then the pressure clinical detection is carried out on the residual limb of the patient, and the pressure distribution of the residual limb end of the patient can be obtained;
and 8: the gait data of the 'Caren system' gait analysis or the 'three-dimensional gait' analysis is applied, the shape of the receiving cavity is optimized by combining the pressure distribution of the disabled limb end of the patient and the simulation result in the simulation software, the step 7 is repeatedly carried out, the receiving cavity closest to the normal gait data is finally screened out (the interference of the alignment, the prosthetic foot, the connecting piece, the height, the shoes and the like is eliminated), the receiving cavity is the most suitable receiving cavity, then the pressure distribution characteristics are analyzed, a database is established, and finally the special software for reconstructing the three-dimensional model of the receiving cavity of the lower limb prosthesis meeting the 3D printing conditions is optimally developed.
The digital manufacturing process of the socket of the lower limb prosthesis is characterized in that the socket comprises a first step of manufacturing a first support plate; in the step 2, in the CT scanning process, the CT image has a distortion phenomenon due to factors such as displacement and proportion change, and the imaging quality is influenced; in order to ensure the accuracy of CT image data, it is necessary to perform contrast enhancement, noise removal, edge extraction, and other processing on medical images.
The digital manufacturing process of the socket of the lower limb prosthesis is characterized in that the socket comprises a first step of manufacturing a first support plate; in step 3, since the three-dimensional image data is generated when the patient normally wears the inner liner, the accurate spatial relationship among the bone tissue, the soft tissue, the inner liner and the receiving cavity of the stump part of the patient can be effectively described under the actual condition that the patient wears the artificial limb.
The invention has the following advantages: the invention discloses a manufacturing process of a socket of a lower limb prosthesis, which comprises the following steps: a lower limb patient wears a silica gel inner bushing, and CT scanning is carried out on the stump part to obtain three-dimensional image data; and running special software, optimizing the three-dimensional image data to finally obtain three-dimensional model data suitable for the receiving cavity, and transmitting the model data to an industrial 3D printer for 3D printing to manufacture the receiving cavity. The new process has the following advantages: the work efficiency and the comfort level of the receiving cavity can be improved, so that the patient can wear the artificial limb of the lower limb in the shortest time to return to the society; the method can improve economic benefits, improve the conditions of occupational health and safety of the staff, and avoid the influence of solid wastes on the environment to the maximum extent so as to obtain social benefits.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a new manufacturing process of an artificial lower limb socket by improvement, which comprises the following research steps:
step 1: volunteers with good lower limb artificial limb adaptability are collected, CT scanning is carried out on the artificial limb and the residual limb under two states of wearing the lower limb artificial limb and only wearing the silica gel inner bushing, three-dimensional models of the receiving cavity, the residual limb end and the residual limb end are respectively established, and the repairing modulus of different parts of the residual limb can be obtained simultaneously. Through the method, a large amount of patient experimental data are collected, classified analysis is carried out, and a difference database of amputated patients is established.
Step 2: aiming at a new amputation patient needing to assemble a lower limb prosthesis, the patient is put on a silica gel inner bushing and scanned by utilizing a CT scanning technology to obtain corresponding three-dimensional image data of the residual limb end of the patient. In the CT scanning process, the CT image has distortion phenomenon due to factors such as displacement and proportion change, and the imaging quality is influenced. In order to ensure the accuracy of CT image data, it is necessary to perform contrast enhancement, noise removal, edge extraction, and other processing on medical images.
And step 3: and extracting corresponding image data of the bone tissue of the limb, the soft tissue, the inner bushing and the receiving cavity of the patient according to different gray values of the three-dimensional image. Because the three-dimensional image data is generated under the condition that the patient normally wears the inner bushing, the accurate spatial relationship among the bone tissue, the soft tissue, the inner bushing and the receiving cavity of the stump part of the patient under the actual condition that the patient wears the artificial limb can be effectively described.
And 4, step 4: and (3) performing three-dimensional reconstruction, correction and optimization, surface fitting and the like on the obtained three-dimensional image data of the stump end through reverse engineering software to obtain a three-dimensional entity male die.
And 5: and obtaining a three-dimensional model of the receiving cavity with a certain thickness by the shell drawing function of software according to the obtained male die of the residual limb end.
Step 6: in the simulation software, three-dimensional models of the stump and the socket are assembled, reasonable simulation conditions are input, and finite element mechanical simulation (such as flat ground execution, static standing, static sitting posture, stair climbing and the like) in normal gait is carried out on the stump of the patient. And optimizing the shape of the receiving cavity according to the simulation result.
And 7: and transmitting the modified model data to an industrial 3D printer for 3D printing, performing a post-processing process, and finally assembling the printed accepting cavity model and other artificial limb parts together to obtain the artificial limb suitable for the patient. And then the pressure clinical detection is carried out on the residual limb of the patient, and the pressure distribution of the residual limb end of the patient can be obtained.
And 8: and (3) gait data of the artificial limb is analyzed by applying gait analysis of a Caren system or three-dimensional gait, the shape of the receptor cavity is optimized by combining the pressure distribution of the residual limb end of the patient and the simulation result in the simulation software, the step (7) is repeatedly carried out, and finally the receptor cavity closest to the normal gait data is screened out (interference on the line, the prosthetic foot, the connecting piece, the height, the shoes and the like is eliminated), namely the most suitable receptor cavity is obtained. And analyzing the pressure distribution characteristics, establishing a database, and finally developing a three-dimensional model reconstruction software system of the artificial limb socket meeting the 3D printing conditions.
The manufacturing process of the lower limb prosthesis socket is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and (3) wearing a silica gel inner bushing by the lower limb patient, and carrying out CT scanning on the residual limb part to obtain three-dimensional image data.
The manufacturing process of the lower limb prosthesis socket is characterized by comprising the following steps of: running special software, and optimizing the three-dimensional image data to obtain three-dimensional model data of the receiving cavity;
the manufacturing process of the lower limb prosthesis socket is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and transmitting the model data to an industrial 3D printer for 3D printing, and manufacturing the receiving cavity.
The invention relates to a digital manufacturing process of a lower limb accepting cavity, which comprises the following steps:
1. a lower limb patient wears a silica gel inner bushing, and CT scanning is carried out on the stump part to obtain three-dimensional image data;
2. and (3) operating related software (the related software is special software for reconstructing the three-dimensional model of the socket of the lower limb prosthesis, which is optimally developed through reverse engineering software, finite element mechanical simulation software and the like), and optimally processing the three-dimensional image data to obtain the three-dimensional model data of the socket.
3. And transmitting the model data to an industrial 3D printer for 3D printing, and printing to manufacture a receiving cavity.
4. When the patient needs to replace a new receiving cavity due to the fact that the residual limb is atrophied to a certain degree, the CT scanning modeling is carried out again, and after simple comparison analysis can be carried out on the original stored data, the more comfortable receiving cavity can be printed out quickly.
The invention develops the special software for automatic modeling and die repairing of the three-dimensional model of the receiving cavity on the basis of the modeling of the CT scanning technology. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the digital manufacturing process of the socket of the lower artificial limb can accurately and quickly acquire the three-dimensional image model of the disabled limb end, and can repair and adjust the socket according to finite element data and actual experimental data. Compared with scanning snatching, the CT modeling can accurately observe the real conditions of bones and soft tissues and reasonable adaptive force distribution. Compared with the traditional gypsum mold making process, the gypsum plaster is not required to be taken and poured, and the gypsum male mold is not required to be repaired with great effort, so that the generation of gypsum dust and a large amount of gypsum waste after the manufacture is completely avoided, the condition of occupational health and safety of staff is fundamentally improved, the influence of solid waste on the environment is greatly reduced, and greater social benefit is obtained. Compared with the method that a technician performs shape modification by experience, the method performs shape modification according to finite element data and experimental data, has higher reliability and scientificity, and can ensure that the socket and each part of the stump of the patient are in good and proper contact under various gait conditions, namely the comfort level of the socket is improved. And the manufacturing process is digitalized, and compared with the existing artificial limb manufacturing technology, the manufacturing time can be greatly shortened. The time cost of manpower is reduced, and accordingly, the economic benefit can be improved.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. A digital manufacturing process of a lower limb prosthesis socket is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a lower limb patient wears a silica gel inner bushing, and CT scanning is carried out on the stump part to obtain three-dimensional image data;
running special software, optimizing and processing the three-dimensional image data, and finally obtaining three-dimensional model data suitable for the receiving cavity;
and transmitting the model data to an industrial 3D printer for 3D printing, and printing to manufacture a receiving cavity.
2. The digital fabrication process of an artificial lower limb socket according to claim 1, wherein: the special software is special software for rebuilding a three-dimensional model of the artificial limb socket of the lower limb through CT scanning technology, reverse engineering software, finite element mechanical simulation software and the like and establishing an automatic modeling and model repairing database of the artificial limb socket and optimizing development through a large number of tests.
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| CN202010940000.5A CN112006819A (en) | 2020-09-09 | 2020-09-09 | Digital manufacturing process of lower limb artificial limb receiving cavity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010940000.5A CN112006819A (en) | 2020-09-09 | 2020-09-09 | Digital manufacturing process of lower limb artificial limb receiving cavity |
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| CN112006819A true CN112006819A (en) | 2020-12-01 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112976563A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-18 | 中国残疾人辅助器具中心 | Manufacturing device and manufacturing method for 3D printing artificial leg socket |
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| US20180235779A1 (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2018-08-23 | Ralph Wayne Dudding | Two-part prosthetic socket and method of making same |
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| CN110123495A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-16 | 北京通和营润智能科技发展有限公司 | It is a kind of based on 3-D scanning printing the customized system of artificial limb, method and device |
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| CN1584761A (en) * | 2004-06-09 | 2005-02-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Artificial limb receiving cavity rapid forming apparatus |
| CN105287064A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛尤尼科技有限公司 | Prosthetic socket and 3D printing preparation method thereof |
| US20180235779A1 (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2018-08-23 | Ralph Wayne Dudding | Two-part prosthetic socket and method of making same |
| CN108749035A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-06 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of prosthetic socket |
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| CN109259905A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-25 | 青岛形康三维科技有限公司 | A kind of manufacture craft of artificial limb, orthoses |
| CN109549764A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-02 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of receptive cavity and preparation method thereof for artificial leg |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112976563A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-18 | 中国残疾人辅助器具中心 | Manufacturing device and manufacturing method for 3D printing artificial leg socket |
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