CN112003470A - 48V-to-12V power supply for server and power supply conversion method - Google Patents
48V-to-12V power supply for server and power supply conversion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112003470A CN112003470A CN202010749231.8A CN202010749231A CN112003470A CN 112003470 A CN112003470 A CN 112003470A CN 202010749231 A CN202010749231 A CN 202010749231A CN 112003470 A CN112003470 A CN 112003470A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of servers, and provides a 48V-to-12V power supply for a server and a power supply conversion method, wherein the 48V-to-12V power supply for the server comprises a first control switch, a second control switch and a fourth control switch which are connected in series on the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 48V power supply end, a line led out from a first circuit node is sequentially connected in series with a first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1 to form a 12V power supply end, a third circuit node is connected in series with a third control switch and then is grounded, and a line led out from a second circuit node is connected in series with a second inductor L2 and then is collected to the 12V power supply; the first control switch, the second control switch, the third control switch, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 form an upper voltage reduction circuit, and the second control switch, the fourth control switch and the second inductor L2 form a lower voltage reduction circuit, so that the conversion from 48V to 12V is realized, the upper voltage reduction circuit and the lower voltage reduction circuit are input simultaneously, the power density is greatly improved, and the high-power and high-efficiency power supply conversion requirement is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of servers, and particularly relates to a 48V-to-12V power supply for a server and a power supply conversion method.
Background
With the development of big data, cloud computing and AI technologies, higher requirements are put on the computing performance of the server, the power of the server is multiplied, and in order to reduce the loss on the copper bar of the data center, the power supply of the server is gradually increased from 12V to 48V (40V-60V). Usually, the 48V power supply on the motherboard needs to be converted into 12V, and then converted into the working voltage of the CPU, GPU, accelerator card, and other chips by using the conventional buck converter.
At present, a common 48V to 12V architecture has an open-loop switched capacitor (STC), and the structure thereof is described with reference to fig. 1, but the working output voltage thereof is an open loop, which cannot meet the requirements of NVME, HDD, fan, and 12V GPU, and meanwhile, the architecture has many devices, and is complex in architecture.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a 48V-to-12V power supply for a server, and aims to solve the problems that the work output voltage of a 48V-to-12V architecture in the prior art is open loop, the requirements of NVME (network video management entity), HDD (hard disk drive), fan and 12V GPU (graphics processing unit) cannot be met, and the architecture has many devices and is complex.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: A48V-to-12V power supply for a server comprises a first control switch, a second control switch and a fourth control switch which are connected in series with the anode and the cathode of a 48V power supply end, wherein the first control switch is close to the anode of the 48V power supply end, and the fourth control switch is close to the cathode of the 48V power supply end;
a first circuit node is arranged on a line between the first control switch and the second control switch, a second circuit node is arranged on a line between the second control switch and the fourth control switch, the line led out from the first circuit node is sequentially connected in series with a first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1 to form a 12V power supply end, a third circuit node is arranged on the line between the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1, the third circuit node is connected in series with a third control switch and then is grounded, and the line led out from the second circuit node is connected in series with a second inductor L2 and then is collected to the 12V power supply end;
the first control switch, the second control switch, the third control switch, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 form an upper buck circuit, and the second control switch, the fourth control switch and the second inductor L2 form a buck circuit.
As a modified solution, the first control switch is a first MOS transistor Q1, the second control switch is a second MOS transistor Q2, the third control switch is a third MOS transistor Q3, and the fourth control switch is a fourth MOS transistor Q4.
As an improved solution, the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the 48V power supply terminal, the source of the first MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor Q2, the source of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the drain of the fourth MOS transistor, and the source of the fourth MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the 48V power supply terminal;
the drain of the third MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the third circuit node, and the source is grounded.
As a modified solution, when the first MOS transistor Q1 and the fourth MOS transistor Q4 are turned on and the second MOS transistor Q2 and the third MOS transistor Q3 are turned off, the voltage of the 48V power supply terminal is supplied to the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1;
the first MOS tube Q1, the second MOS tube Q2, the third MOS tube Q3, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 form an upper voltage reduction circuit;
the second inductor L2 discharges, and the second MOS transistor Q2, the fourth MOS transistor Q4 and the second inductor L2 form a buck circuit.
As a modified solution, when the first MOS transistor Q1 and the fourth MOS transistor Q4 are turned off and the second MOS transistor Q2 and the third MOS transistor Q3 are turned on, the first inductor L1 discharges, and the voltage step-up/step-down circuit is converged from the third MOS transistor Q3 to the 12V power supply terminal via the first inductor L1;
the first capacitor C1 is used as a power input terminal of a buck circuit to charge the second inductor L2, and the buck circuit is collected from the first capacitor C1 to the 12V power supply terminal via the second inductor L2.
As an improved scheme, a fourth circuit node is arranged on a line between the anode of the 48V power supply end and the first MOS transistor Q1, and a line led out from the fourth circuit node is connected in series with the second capacitor C2 and then grounded.
As an improved scheme, a fifth circuit node is arranged on a line between the 12V power supply end and the first inductor L1, and a line led out from the fifth circuit node is connected in series with a third capacitor C3 and then grounded.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a 48V to 12V power conversion method for a server, the method comprising the steps of:
the first MOS transistor Q1 and the fourth MOS transistor Q4 are controlled to be opened, the second MOS transistor Q2 and the third MOS transistor Q3 are controlled to be closed, and the voltage of the 48V power supply end is transmitted to the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1;
an upper voltage reduction circuit is controlled to be formed on a path among the first MOS transistor Q1, the second MOS transistor Q2, the third MOS transistor Q3, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1;
the second inductor L2 discharges and controls a voltage drop circuit formed on the path of the second MOS transistor Q2, the fourth MOS transistor Q4 and the second inductor L2.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a 48V to 12V power conversion method for a server, the method comprising the steps of:
the first MOS tube Q1 and the fourth MOS tube Q4 are controlled to be closed, the second MOS tube Q2 and the third MOS tube Q3 are opened, the first inductor L1 discharges, and an upper voltage reduction circuit is controlled to be formed from the third MOS tube Q3 through the first inductor L1;
the first capacitor C1 is used to charge the second inductor L2, and the first capacitor C1 is controlled to form a buck circuit through the second inductor L2.
In the embodiment of the invention, a 48V-to-12V power supply for a server comprises a first control switch, a second control switch and a fourth control switch which are connected in series with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 48V power supply end, a first circuit node is arranged on a circuit between the first control switch and the second control switch, a second circuit node is arranged on a circuit between the second control switch and the fourth control switch, a circuit led out from the first circuit node is sequentially connected in series with a first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1 to form the 12V power supply end, a third circuit node is arranged on a circuit between the first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1, the third circuit node is connected in series with a third control switch and then is grounded, and a circuit led out from the second circuit node is connected in series with a second inductor L2 and then is collected to the 12V power supply end; the first control switch, the second control switch, the third control switch, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 form an upper voltage reduction circuit, and the second control switch, the fourth control switch and the second inductor L2 form a lower voltage reduction circuit, so that the conversion from 48V to 12V is realized, the upper voltage reduction circuit and the lower voltage reduction circuit are input simultaneously, the power density is greatly improved, and the high-power and high-efficiency power supply conversion requirement is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a switched capacitor based 48V to 12V architecture provided by the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a framework for converting 48V to 12V power for a server according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a 48V to 12V power supply for a server;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a 48V to 12V power supply for a server according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of an implementation of a method for converting a 48V power supply into a 12V power supply for a server according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of an implementation of a method for converting a 48V power supply into a 12V power supply for a server according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are merely for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a framework for converting 48V to 12V power for a server according to the present invention, and for convenience of illustration, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown in the diagram.
The 48V-to-12V power supply for the server comprises a first control switch, a second control switch and a fourth control switch which are connected in series with the positive pole and the negative pole of a 48V power supply end (VIN), wherein the first control switch is close to the positive pole of the 48V power supply end, and the fourth control switch is close to the negative pole of the 48V power supply end;
a first circuit node 1 is arranged on a line between the first control switch and the second control switch, a second circuit node 2 is arranged on a line between the second control switch and the fourth control switch, a line led out from the first circuit node 1 is sequentially connected in series with a first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1 to form a 12V power supply end, a third circuit node 3 is arranged on a line between the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1, the third circuit node 3 is connected in series with a third control switch and then grounded, and a line led out from the second circuit node 2 is connected in series with a second inductor L2 and then is collected to the 12V power supply end (Vout);
the first control switch, the second control switch, the third control switch, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 form an upper buck circuit, and the second control switch, the fourth control switch and the second inductor L2 form a buck circuit.
In the embodiment, the 48V-to-12V power supply for the server can realize that 48V is converted into 12V and upper and lower BUCKs are input simultaneously, so that the power density is greatly improved, and the requirements of high-power and high-efficiency power supply conversion can be met.
The first control switch to the fourth control switch are core control elements, and the up-step-down and down-step-down links are realized mainly through the on-off states of related control elements or program controllers, and can be realized through MOS tubes, namely:
the first control switch is a first MOS transistor Q1, the second control switch is a second MOS transistor Q2, the third control switch is a third MOS transistor Q3, and the fourth control switch is a fourth MOS transistor Q4;
as shown in fig. 2, the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the 48V power supply terminal, the source of the first MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor Q2, the source of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the drain of the fourth MOS transistor, and the source of the fourth MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the 48V power supply terminal;
the drain of the third MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the third circuit node 3, and the source is grounded.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve the conversion accuracy of the 48V to 12V power supply for the server, the following settings may be performed:
a fourth circuit node 4 is arranged on a line between the anode of the 48V power supply end and the first MOS transistor Q1, and a line led out from the fourth circuit node 4 is connected with a second capacitor C2 in series and then grounded;
a fifth circuit node 5 is arranged on a line between the 12V power supply end and the first inductor L1, and a line led out from the fifth circuit node 4 is connected in series with a third capacitor C3 and then grounded;
the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 both play a role in filtering, and are not described herein again.
For convenience of explanation, the working principle of the 48V to 12V power supply for the server is given below in conjunction with fig. 2:
(1) as shown in fig. 3, when the first MOS transistor Q1 and the fourth MOS transistor Q4 are turned on and the second MOS transistor Q2 and the third MOS transistor Q3 are turned off, the voltage of the 48V power source terminal is supplied to the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1;
the first MOS transistor Q1, the second MOS transistor Q2, the third MOS transistor Q3, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 form an upper voltage reduction circuit, as shown by the solid line with an arrow in fig. 3;
the second inductor L2 discharges, and the second MOS transistor Q2, the fourth MOS transistor Q4 and the second inductor L2 form a buck circuit, as shown by the dotted line with an arrow in fig. 3.
(2) As shown in fig. 4, when the first MOS transistor Q1 and the fourth MOS transistor Q4 are turned off and the second MOS transistor Q2 and the third MOS transistor Q3 are turned on, the first inductor L1 discharges, and the upper voltage dropping circuit sinks from the third MOS transistor Q3 to the 12V power supply terminal via the first inductor L1, as shown by the solid line with an arrow in fig. 4;
the first capacitor C1 serves as a power input terminal of the voltage-reducing circuit to charge the second inductor L2, and the voltage-reducing circuit is collected from the first capacitor C1 to the 12V power supply terminal via the second inductor L2, as shown by the dashed line with an arrow in fig. 4.
Fig. 5 shows a flowchart of an implementation of the 48V to 12V power conversion method for a server according to an embodiment of the present invention, which specifically includes the following steps:
in step S101, controlling to open the first MOS transistor Q1 and the fourth MOS transistor Q4, controlling to close the second MOS transistor Q2 and the third MOS transistor Q3, and transmitting the voltage of the 48V power supply terminal to the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1, and forming an upper voltage step-down circuit on a path between the first MOS transistor Q1, the second MOS transistor Q2, the third MOS transistor Q3, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1;
in step S102, the second inductor L2 is discharged, and the step-down circuit is controlled to be formed on the path of the second MOS transistor Q2, the fourth MOS transistor Q4 and the second inductor L2.
The details of the above structure are not repeated herein.
Fig. 6 shows a flowchart of an implementation of the method for converting a 48V power supply into a 12V power supply for a server according to the second embodiment of the present invention, which specifically includes the following steps:
in step S201, the first MOS transistor Q1 and the fourth MOS transistor Q4 are controlled to be turned off, the second MOS transistor Q2 and the third MOS transistor Q3 are turned on, the first inductor L1 discharges, and the upper voltage-dropping circuit is controlled to be formed from the third MOS transistor Q3 through the first inductor L1;
in step S202, the second inductor L2 is charged by the first capacitor C1, and the step-down circuit is controlled to be formed from the first capacitor C1 via the second inductor L2.
The details of the above structure are not repeated herein.
In the embodiment of the invention, a 48V-to-12V power supply for a server comprises a first control switch, a second control switch and a fourth control switch which are connected in series with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 48V power supply end, a line led out from a first circuit node 1 is sequentially connected in series with a first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1 to form the 12V power supply end, a third circuit node 3 is connected in series with a third control switch and then grounded, a line led out from a second circuit node 2 is connected in series with a second inductor L2 and then is collected to the 12V power supply end; the first control switch, the second control switch, the third control switch, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 form an upper voltage reduction circuit, and the second control switch, the fourth control switch and the second inductor L2 form a lower voltage reduction circuit, so that the conversion from 48V to 12V is realized, the upper voltage reduction circuit and the lower voltage reduction circuit are input simultaneously, the power density is greatly improved, and the high-power and high-efficiency power supply conversion requirement is met.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (9)
1. A48V-to-12V power supply for a server is characterized by comprising a first control switch, a second control switch and a fourth control switch which are connected in series with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 48V power supply end, wherein the first control switch is close to the positive electrode of the 48V power supply end, and the fourth control switch is close to the negative electrode of the 48V power supply end;
a first circuit node is arranged on a line between the first control switch and the second control switch, a second circuit node is arranged on a line between the second control switch and the fourth control switch, the line led out from the first circuit node is sequentially connected in series with a first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1 to form a 12V power supply end, a third circuit node is arranged on the line between the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1, the third circuit node is connected in series with a third control switch and then is grounded, and the line led out from the second circuit node is connected in series with a second inductor L2 and then is collected to the 12V power supply end;
the first control switch, the second control switch, the third control switch, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 form an upper buck circuit, and the second control switch, the fourth control switch and the second inductor L2 form a buck circuit.
2. The 48V to 12V power supply for a server of claim 1, wherein the first control switch is a first MOS transistor Q1, the second control switch is a second MOS transistor Q2, the third control switch is a third MOS transistor Q3, and the fourth control switch is a fourth MOS transistor Q4.
3. The 48V-to-12V power supply for the server as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive pole of the 48V power supply terminal, the source of the first MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor Q2, the source of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the drain of the fourth MOS transistor, and the source of the fourth MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the negative pole of the 48V power supply terminal;
the drain of the third MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the third circuit node, and the source is grounded.
4. The 48V-to-12V power supply for the server according to claim 3, wherein when the first MOS transistor Q1 and the fourth MOS transistor Q4 are turned on and the second MOS transistor Q2 and the third MOS transistor Q3 are turned off, the voltage of the 48V power supply terminal is transmitted to the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1;
the first MOS tube Q1, the second MOS tube Q2, the third MOS tube Q3, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 form an upper voltage reduction circuit;
the second inductor L2 discharges, and the second MOS transistor Q2, the fourth MOS transistor Q4 and the second inductor L2 form a buck circuit.
5. The 48V-to-12V power supply for the server according to claim 3, wherein when the first MOS transistor Q1 and the fourth MOS transistor Q4 are turned off and the second MOS transistor Q2 and the third MOS transistor Q3 are turned on, the first inductor L1 is discharged, and a voltage-up-down circuit is converged from the third MOS transistor Q3 to the 12V power supply end through the first inductor L1;
the first capacitor C1 is used as a power input terminal of a buck circuit to charge the second inductor L2, and the buck circuit is collected from the first capacitor C1 to the 12V power supply terminal via the second inductor L2.
6. The 48V-to-12V power supply for the server according to claim 5, wherein a fourth circuit node is arranged on a line between the positive electrode of the 48V power supply terminal and the first MOS transistor Q1, and a line led out from the fourth circuit node is connected in series with a second capacitor C2 and then grounded.
7. The 48V-to-12V power supply for the server according to claim 5, wherein a fifth circuit node is arranged on a line between the 12V power supply end and the first inductor L1, and a line led out of the fifth circuit node is connected in series with a third capacitor C3 and then grounded.
8. A 48V to 12V power conversion method for a server, the method comprising the steps of:
the first MOS transistor Q1 and the fourth MOS transistor Q4 are controlled to be opened, the second MOS transistor Q2 and the third MOS transistor Q3 are controlled to be closed, and the voltage of the 48V power supply end is transmitted to the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1;
an upper voltage reduction circuit is controlled to be formed on a path among the first MOS transistor Q1, the second MOS transistor Q2, the third MOS transistor Q3, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1;
the second inductor L2 discharges and controls a voltage drop circuit formed on the path of the second MOS transistor Q2, the fourth MOS transistor Q4 and the second inductor L2.
9. A 48V to 12V power conversion method for a server, the method comprising the steps of:
the first MOS tube Q1 and the fourth MOS tube Q4 are controlled to be closed, the second MOS tube Q2 and the third MOS tube Q3 are opened, the first inductor L1 discharges, and an upper voltage reduction circuit is controlled to be formed from the third MOS tube Q3 through the first inductor L1;
the first capacitor C1 is used to charge the second inductor L2, and the first capacitor C1 is controlled to form a buck circuit through the second inductor L2.
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Application publication date: 20201127 |