CN112003316A - Novel new energy grid-connected topological structure and method - Google Patents

Novel new energy grid-connected topological structure and method Download PDF

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CN112003316A
CN112003316A CN202010504061.7A CN202010504061A CN112003316A CN 112003316 A CN112003316 A CN 112003316A CN 202010504061 A CN202010504061 A CN 202010504061A CN 112003316 A CN112003316 A CN 112003316A
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grid
new energy
mgp
loop
active power
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CN112003316B (en
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许其品
杨玲
刘国华
孙竞轩
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Nari Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/40—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel new energy grid-connected topological structure and a method, wherein in the topological structure, a new energy unit is converged into a convergence bus through a new energy unit grid-connected inverter and a new energy unit step-up transformer on a circuit; two branches are divided from the convergence bus: one branch is sequentially provided with a step-down transformer, a synchronous motor, a synchronous generator, an MGP grid-connected step-up transformer and an MGP grid-connected switch to form an MGP grid-connected loop, and the synchronous motor and the synchronous generator form an MGP system; the other branch circuit forms a new energy direct grid-connected loop through a direct grid-connected boosting transformer and a direct grid-connected switch. By detecting the relation between the active power generated by the whole new energy and the rated capacity of the MGP system, the active power is reasonably distributed, and the stability of the large-scale distributed power supply connected to the power grid is improved. The system of the invention adopts a real synchronous machine, so that the anti-disturbance capability of the new energy source side can be improved by depending on the inertia and damping characteristics of the motor.

Description

Novel new energy grid-connected topological structure and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy grid connection, in particular to a novel new energy grid connection topological structure and a method.
Background
New energy utilization forms such as wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are important means for realizing 'two substitutes', promoting energy conservation and emission reduction and constructing a global energy Internet. Data research shows that by the end of 2018, the proportion of the newly increased installed capacities of the wind power and the photovoltaic in the world is 24.8%, the proportion of the newly increased installed capacities in China is 22%, wherein the installed capacities of the wind power and the photovoltaic are respectively 1.84 hundred million kilowatts and 1.74 hundred million kilowatts, the installed capacities of the wind power and the photovoltaic account for 18.8% of the total amount of the power supply in China, and the installed capacities of the hydroelectric generating set are exceeded for the first time. Distributed power generation is vigorously developed, and the method has important significance in the aspects of improving the operation economy of a power grid, optimizing the operation mode of a power system, constructing an environment-friendly power system and the like.
In general, a distributed power supply is connected to a power grid mainly through a grid-connected inverter. Compared with the traditional synchronous generator, the synchronous generator has the advantages of flexible control, quick response and the like, but also has the defects of obvious nonlinear characteristics, lack of inertia, insufficient short-circuit capacity support, high harmonic content, easiness in oscillation generation and the like. With the increasing of the permeability of new energy power generation sources, a large number of grid-connected power electronic inverters appear in a power system, and meanwhile, the installation proportion of a traditional synchronous generator is reduced, so that the rotating reserve capacity and the rotational inertia of the power system are reduced. In addition, grid-connected control strategies of the distributed power supply are different, and the output power of the distributed power supply has the characteristics of volatility, uncertainty and the like, so that the operating characteristics of frequency modulation and voltage regulation required by a power system are difficult to meet, and therefore, the method brings severe challenges to safe and stable operation of a power grid. In response to the national call, the improvement from the source through the reform of the supply side and the friendly access of a high-proportion distributed power supply to a power grid is a key problem related to the stability of a power system at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the influence and challenge on the safe and stable operation of a system caused by the large access of a distributed power supply, the invention provides a novel new energy grid-connected topological structure and a novel new energy grid-connected topological method. Providing real inertia and voltage support for the grid.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
on the one hand, the invention provides a novel new energy grid-connected topological structure, which comprises the following steps: the new energy unit comprises a convergence bus and a grid-connected bus;
the new energy unit is converged into a convergence bus through a new energy unit grid-connected inverter and a new energy unit step-up transformer on a line;
two branches are divided from the convergence bus: one branch is sequentially provided with a step-down transformer TM, a synchronous motor M, a synchronous generator G, an MGP grid-connected step-up transformer TG and an MGP grid-connected switch K11 to form an MGP grid-connected loop, and the synchronous motor and the synchronous generator form an MGP system; the other branch forms a new energy direct grid-connected loop through a direct grid-connected step-up transformer TN and a direct grid-connected switch K12.
Further, a new energy unit grid-connected switch is arranged between the new energy unit step-up transformer and the convergence bus.
Further, one or more circuit breakers are configured on the convergence bus.
Further, a variable reactor ZV is connected in series in the new energy direct grid-connected loop.
Further, the new energy unit is at least one wind power or photovoltaic new energy unit.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a novel new energy grid connection method, which includes:
the novel new energy grid-connected topology structure of claim 2, when the whole new energy unit generates active power less than or equal to PMGPWhen the system is used, the MGP grid-connected switch K11 is closed, the direct grid-connected switch K12 is disconnected, and all active power generated by the new energy unit is connected to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop;
when the whole active power emitted by the new energy unit is greater than PMGPIn the time, the MGP grid-connected switch K11 and the direct grid-connected switch K12 are both closed, and the MGP grid-connected loop and the new energy direct grid-connected loop are controlled through the outsideActive power distribution;
wherein, PMGPRated capacity for the MGP system.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a novel new energy grid connection method, including:
the novel new energy grid-connected topology structure based on claim 3, when the whole new energy unit generates active power less than or equal to PMGPWhen the system is used, all circuit breakers on the convergence bus are closed, the MGP grid-connected switch K11 is closed, the direct grid-connected switch K12 is disconnected, and all active power generated by the new energy unit is connected to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop;
when the whole active power emitted by the new energy unit is greater than PMGPWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
closing the MGP grid-connected switch K11 and the direct grid-connected switch K12;
sequentially selecting one breaker on a convergence bus from top to bottom to break the convergence bus to divide the convergence bus into two sections, and respectively calculating the active power of a new energy unit flowing through an MGP grid-connected loop and a new energy direct grid-connected loop;
selecting the new energy machine set flowing through the MGP grid-connected loop to enable the active power to be closest to the MGP capacity PMGPThe circuit breaker is disconnected, and active power of the new energy unit is distributed to the MGP grid-connected loop and the new energy direct grid-connected loop;
wherein, PMGPRated capacity for the MGP system.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a novel new energy grid connection method, including:
the novel new energy grid-connected topology structure of claim 4, when the whole new energy unit generates active power less than or equal to PMGPWhen the system is used, the MGP grid-connected switch K11 is closed, the direct grid-connected switch K12 is disconnected, and all active power generated by the new energy unit is connected to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop;
when the whole active power emitted by the new energy unit is greater than PMGPWhen the MGP grid-connected switch K11 and the direct grid-connected switch K12 are closed;
the line impedance ratio of the MGP grid-connected loop and the new energy direct grid-connected loop is adjusted by adjusting the size of a variable reactor ZV in the new energy direct grid-connected loop, and then the active power flowing through the MGP grid-connected loop and the new energy direct grid-connected loop is adjusted.
Furthermore, in the process of adjusting the variable reactor ZV in the new energy direct grid-connected loop, the active power flowing through the MGP grid-connected loop is ensured not to be higher than the rated capacity P of the MGP systemMGP。
Furthermore, the voltage grade of the MGP grid-connected loop is required to be the same as that of the new energy direct grid-connected loop.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
(1) the system adopts a real synchronous machine, so that the anti-disturbance capability of the new energy source side can be improved by depending on the inertia and damping characteristics of the motor;
(2) the short-circuit capacity support and the voltage support are provided for the power grid through the reactive power absorbing and generating capacity of the synchronous motor, and the system voltage and the new energy grid connection point voltage are maintained to be stable;
(3) because the MGP system comprises two stages of synchronous motors, the MGP system has fault isolation capability and harmonic suppression capability, and can isolate the voltage mutation at the side of the power grid at the side of the generator, thereby reducing the requirement of new energy on realizing high/low voltage ride through capability;
(4) the MGP system comprises a two-stage synchronous motor, can restrain a large amount of harmonic waves generated by the new energy grid-connected inverter, and prevents the harmonic waves from being sent into a power grid to cause the reduction of the power quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel new energy grid-connected topology structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a new energy grid-connected topology structure of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a novel new energy grid-connected topology structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an impedance equivalent diagram in the new energy grid-connected topology structure ii of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The invention provides a novel new energy grid-connected topological structure, which supplies electric energy to a synchronous Motor through new energy, and the synchronous Motor is used as a prime mover of a synchronous Generator to drive the synchronous Generator to generate electricity and be connected into a power grid to form a Motor Generator (MGP) system.
Referring to the topology structures of the new energy grid connection in fig. 1 to 3, the three topology structures are independent from each other and do not affect each other. F1-Fn are new wind power or photovoltaic energy units, BP 1-BPn are new energy unit grid-connected inverters, T1-Tn are new energy unit step-up transformers, K1-Kn are new energy unit grid-connected switches, and KS is a bus switch; TM is a step-down transformer, M is a synchronous motor, G is a synchronous generator, TG is a step-up transformer, TM, M, G and TG form an MGP system, and K11 is an MGP system grid-connected switch; TN is direct grid-connected step-up transformer, K12 is direct grid-connected switch.
In the topological structure of the new energy grid connection, each new energy unit is changed into alternating current with the same amplitude, the same phase and the same frequency through a new energy unit grid-connected inverter and a new energy unit step-up transformer on a circuit and is converged into a convergence bus, wherein a new energy unit grid-connected switch is arranged between each new energy unit step-up transformer and the convergence bus.
Two branches are divided from the convergence bus: one branch is sequentially provided with a step-down transformer TM, a synchronous motor M, a synchronous generator G, an MGP grid-connected step-up transformer TG and an MGP system grid-connected switch K11 to form an MGP grid-connected loop; the other branch forms a new energy direct grid-connected loop through a direct grid-connected step-up transformer TN and a direct grid-connected switch K12.
After the synchronous generator is connected to the grid, the MGP system becomes a part of the power grid relative to the new energy source side.
For the topology one of fig. 1, the distribution of power is achieved by controlling one or more circuit breakers KS installed on the aggregation bus. Setting MGP system rated capacity as PMGPWhen the new energy integrally generates active power less than or equal to PMGPWhen the new energy source is used, all the breakers KS on the convergence bus are closed, the grid-connected switch K11 is closed, the grid-connected switch K12 is opened, and the new energy source is usedAll active power generated by the unit is accessed to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop; when the power generated by the new energy source side is greater than PMGPDuring the process, a certain breaker on the aggregation bus is disconnected through power calculation, grid-connected switches K11 and K12 are closed, the aggregation bus is divided into two sections, and the capacity of the aggregation bus is close to or slightly lower than the MGP capacity PMGPActive power of the grid-connected power supply is connected to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop, and the rest active power of the grid-connected power supply is connected to the power grid through the direct grid-connected loop. As the number of circuit breakers installed increases, the control of the power distribution becomes more accurate.
For the topological structure II in the figure 2, the circuit breaker is not arranged on the convergence bus, and the power sent by all the grid-connected new energy source units is converged into the convergence bus; besides the step-up transformer TN and the grid-connected switch K12, a variable reactor ZV is connected in series in the new energy direct grid-connected loop, and the line impedance is changed by adjusting the ZV, so that the power distribution is realized.
When the new energy integrally generates active power less than or equal to PMGPWhen the grid-connected switch K11 is closed, the grid-connected switch K12 is disconnected, and all active power generated by the new energy unit is connected to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop; when the power generated by the new energy source side is greater than PMGPWhen the power distribution system is used, the grid-connected switches K11 and K12 are closed, the size of a variable reactor ZV in a loop where the grid-connected switch K12 is located is adjusted, the line impedance ratio adjustment of the MGP grid-connected loop and the direct grid-connected loop is completed, and on the premise that the loop voltage grades are the same, the current change is realized through the impedance change, so that the power distribution is achieved, and the capacity P of the power distribution system is not higher than the MGP capacity PMGPActive power of the grid-connected power supply is connected to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop, and the rest active power of the grid-connected power supply is connected to the power grid through the direct grid-connected loop.
For the topology structure III shown in the figure 3, a variable reactor is not connected in series in the new energy direct grid-connected loop any more, and the whole system realizes power distribution by external control.
When the new energy integrally generates active power less than or equal to PMGPWhen the grid-connected switch K11 is closed, the grid-connected switch K12 is disconnected, and all active power generated by the new energy unit is connected to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop; when the power generated by the new energy source side is greater than PMGPWhen the grid-connected switch K11 and the grid-connected switch K12 are both closed, and external control is performed, so that the grid-connected switch is realizedDistribution of existing work power.
Referring to fig. 4, if the MGP system grid-connected loop between the aggregation bus and the grid-connected bus is set as loop 1, and the direct grid-connected loop between the aggregation bus and the grid-connected bus is set as loop 2, the total impedance of loop 1 is X1, and the total impedance of loop 2 is X2. Setting the total active power generated by the new energy source side as sigma P and the MGP rated capacity as PMGPIf the voltage of the loop 1 and the voltage of the loop 2 are both U, the active power connected with the power grid through the MGP loop is P under the ideal conditionMGPActive power through direct grid-connected loop is sigma P-PMGP. From the ideal state:
PMGP=U²/X1
ΣP-PMGP=U²/X2
simultaneous equations, we can get: X1/X2= (Σ P-P)MGP）/PMGP，
I.e. the line impedance of loop 1, loop 2 is inversely proportional to the active power of the loop.
Since X1 is a known constant value, the distribution of active power is achieved by adjusting the impedance of the variable reactor ZV of the loop 2 according to the total power generated by the current new energy source side.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a novel new forms of energy topological structure that is incorporated into power networks which characterized in that includes: the new energy unit comprises a convergence bus and a grid-connected bus;
the new energy unit is converged into a convergence bus through a new energy unit grid-connected inverter and a new energy unit step-up transformer on a line;
two branches are divided from the convergence bus: one branch is sequentially provided with a step-down transformer TM, a synchronous motor M, a synchronous generator G, an MGP grid-connected step-up transformer TG and an MGP grid-connected switch K11 to form an MGP grid-connected loop, and the synchronous motor and the synchronous generator form an MGP system; the other branch forms a new energy direct grid-connected loop through a direct grid-connected step-up transformer TN and a direct grid-connected switch K12.
2. The novel new energy grid-connected topology structure according to claim 1, wherein a new energy grid-connected switch is arranged between the new energy grid-connected topology structure and the convergence bus.
3. The new energy grid-connected topology structure according to claim 2, wherein one or more circuit breakers are configured on the aggregation bus.
4. The novel new energy grid-connected topology structure according to claim 2, characterized in that a variable reactor ZV is connected in series in the new energy direct grid-connected loop.
5. The novel new energy grid-connected topology structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the new energy unit is at least one new wind power or photovoltaic energy unit.
6. A novel new energy grid connection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the novel new energy grid-connected topology structure of claim 2, when the whole new energy unit generates active power less than or equal to PMGPWhen the system is used, the MGP grid-connected switch K11 is closed, the direct grid-connected switch K12 is disconnected, and all active power generated by the new energy unit is connected to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop;
when the whole active power emitted by the new energy unit is greater than PMGPWhen the power supply is started, the MGP grid-connected switch K11 and the direct grid-connected switch K12 are both closed, and the distribution of active power of the MGP grid-connected loop and the active power of the new energy direct grid-connected loop are controlled through the outside;
wherein, PMGPRated capacity for the MGP system.
7. A novel new energy grid connection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the novel new energy grid-connected topology structure based on claim 3, when the whole new energy unit generates active power less than or equal to PMGPWhen the system is used, all circuit breakers on the convergence bus are closed, the MGP grid-connected switch K11 is closed, the direct grid-connected switch K12 is disconnected, and all active power generated by the new energy unit is connected to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop;
when the whole active power emitted by the new energy unit is greater than PMGPWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
closing the MGP grid-connected switch K11 and the direct grid-connected switch K12;
sequentially selecting one breaker on a convergence bus from top to bottom to break the convergence bus to divide the convergence bus into two sections, and respectively calculating the active power of a new energy unit flowing through an MGP grid-connected loop and a new energy direct grid-connected loop;
selecting the new energy machine set flowing through the MGP grid-connected loop to enable the active power to be closest to the MGP capacity PMGPThe circuit breaker is disconnected, and active power of the new energy unit is distributed to the MGP grid-connected loop and the new energy direct grid-connected loop;
wherein, PMGPRated capacity for the MGP system.
8. A novel new energy grid connection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the novel new energy grid-connected topology structure of claim 4, when the whole new energy unit generates active power less than or equal to PMGPWhen the system is used, the MGP grid-connected switch K11 is closed, the direct grid-connected switch K12 is disconnected, and all active power generated by the new energy unit is connected to a power grid through the MGP grid-connected loop;
when the whole active power emitted by the new energy unit is greater than PMGPWhen the MGP grid-connected switch K11 and the direct grid-connected switch K12 are closed;
the line impedance ratio of the MGP grid-connected loop and the new energy direct grid-connected loop is adjusted by adjusting the size of a variable reactor ZV in the new energy direct grid-connected loop, and then the active power flowing through the MGP grid-connected loop and the new energy direct grid-connected loop is adjusted.
9. The novel new energy grid-connected method according to claim 8, characterized in that in the process of adjusting the variable reactor ZV in the new energy direct grid-connected loop, the active power flowing through the MGP grid-connected loop is ensured not to be higher than the rated capacity P of the MGP systemMGP。
10. The novel new energy grid connection method according to claim 8, characterized in that the MGP grid connection loop and the new energy direct grid connection loop need to be satisfied with the same voltage level.
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