CN112000605B - Method and device for transmitting instructions and data - Google Patents
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- CN112000605B CN112000605B CN202010872266.0A CN202010872266A CN112000605B CN 112000605 B CN112000605 B CN 112000605B CN 202010872266 A CN202010872266 A CN 202010872266A CN 112000605 B CN112000605 B CN 112000605B
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- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
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Abstract
The embodiment discloses a method and a device for transmitting instructions and data, which relate to the field of optical fiber networks; the method comprises the following steps: when receiving an instruction transmission request in a data transmission idle period, immediately executing instruction transmission, and finishing the instruction transmission according to a received instruction transmission state; when an instruction transmission request is received in the data transmission process, acquiring the priority of the instruction, automatically processing the data transmission process and the instruction transmission process according to a preset priority scheduling mechanism, and finishing instruction transmission according to the received instruction transmission state; the beneficial effects are that: the method has the advantages of realizing the reliability and effectiveness of instruction transmission, improving the control precision and realizing the effective balance of the real-time performance of the instruction transmission and the bandwidth utilization rate of data transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of optical fiber networks, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for transmitting instructions and data.
Background
Conventional bus-type network protocols include MIL-STD-1553B protocol based on coaxial cable and FC-AE-1553 protocol based on fiber optic transmission.
Generally, the standard rate of the MIL-STD-1553B protocol is 1Mbps, a maximum of 32 16-bit data is transmitted in one transmission process, the transmission rate is too low, and the protocol can only be used for transmission of control commands and states in engineering application, but cannot be used for transmission of large data volume, and a dedicated line needs to be added between each device for transmission of large data.
The FC-AE-1553 protocol is an optical fiber transmission medium, the highest transmission rate of the FC-AE-1553 protocol can reach 4.25Gbps, large data can be transmitted in engineering application, instructions and state information can be transmitted at the same time, but the engineering application of the FC-AE-1553 protocol has limitation, the FC-AE-1553 protocol occupies a long time of network bandwidth when transmitting large data, and the real-time performance of instruction control is reduced.
Therefore, a method for simultaneously solving the problems that the rate of the MIL-STD-1553B protocol is too low and the real-time performance of the FC-AE-1553 protocol for transmitting the instruction state information is too low, so that the transmission of data and instructions is influenced, and the like is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The method and the device for transmitting the instructions and the data are provided by the application, aiming at the problems that in the prior art, the MIL-STD-1553B protocol rate is too low, the real-time performance of instruction state information transmission of the FC-AE-1553 protocol is too low, and the transmission of the instructions and the data is seriously influenced.
One aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a method for transmitting instructions and data, including:
when receiving an instruction transmission request in a data transmission idle period, immediately executing instruction transmission, and finishing the instruction transmission according to a received instruction transmission state;
when an instruction transmission request is received in the data transmission process, the priority of the instruction is obtained, the data transmission process and the instruction transmission process are automatically processed according to a preset priority scheduling mechanism, and the instruction transmission is finished according to the received instruction transmission state.
In some embodiments, the method specifically comprises:
when the priority of the instruction is the highest priority, immediately interrupting the transmission of the current data sequence and executing instruction transmission;
when the priority of the instruction is the medium priority, after the transmission of the current data sequence is finished, executing instruction transmission;
and when the priority of the instruction is low, executing instruction transmission after the current data transmission is finished.
In some embodiments, when the priority of the instruction is the highest priority, the current data sequence is divided into two sequences, state information is saved, and instruction transmission is executed;
and after the instruction transmission is finished, retransmitting the data sequence which is not transmitted in the current data sequence according to the stored state information.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: and combining the data sequences received successively according to the state information.
In some embodiments, the data transmission idle period specifically comprises a message interval and/or a data sequence interval.
In some embodiments, the data transmission process specifically includes: sending command sequence, sending data sequence, protocol response and returning data transmission state.
In some embodiments, the instruction transmission specifically includes: sending command sequence, responding to the command and returning to the command transmission state.
In some embodiments, the data transmission and the instruction transmission process use the same frame format, but the frame header composition of the two is different.
In some embodiments, the data transmission specifically uses FC-AE-1553 protocol to transmit data; the instruction transmission specifically adopts an MIL-STD-1553B protocol to transmit an instruction and an instruction transmission state.
Another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides an apparatus for transmitting instructions and data, including:
the receiving module is used for receiving an instruction transmission request in the idle period of data transmission and/or in the data transmission process; the device is also used for receiving an instruction transmission state;
the execution module is used for executing instruction transmission when the receiving module receives an instruction transmission request in a data transmission idle period; and the receiving module is also used for acquiring the priority of the instruction when receiving the instruction transmission request in the data transmission process, and automatically processing the data transmission process and the instruction transmission process according to a preset priority scheduling mechanism.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the disclosure are: the data transmission process and the instruction transmission process are automatically processed according to the priority of the instruction, so that the reliability, effectiveness and real-time of the instruction transmission are realized, the control precision is improved, and the instantaneity of the instruction transmission and the bandwidth utilization rate of the data transmission are effectively balanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that it is also possible for a person skilled in the art to apply the application to other similar scenarios without inventive effort on the basis of these drawings. Unless otherwise apparent from the context of language or otherwise indicated, like reference numerals in the figures refer to like structures and operations.
FIG. 1 is an architecture diagram of an automatically scheduled command transmission and data transmission fiber optic bus protocol, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is an exemplary diagram of a protocol layer frame format, shown in some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of an instruction transmission process according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example data transmission process in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of transmitting instructions and data in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a need to transmit a highest priority instruction during data transmission according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a medium priority instruction that needs to be transmitted during data transmission according to some embodiments of the disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the need to transmit a low priority instruction during data transmission according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for transmitting instructions and data according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description, numerous specific details of the present application are set forth by way of examples in order to provide a thorough understanding of the relevant disclosure. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without these specific details. It should be understood that the use of the terms "system," "apparatus," "unit" and/or "module" herein is a method for distinguishing between different components, elements, portions or assemblies at different levels of sequential arrangement. However, these terms may be replaced by other expressions if they can achieve the same purpose.
It will be understood that when a device, unit or module is referred to as being "on" … … "," connected to "or" coupled to "another device, unit or module, it can be directly on, connected or coupled to or in communication with the other device, unit or module, or intervening devices, units or modules may be present, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, as used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
These and other features and characteristics of the present application, as well as the methods of operation and functions of the related elements of structure and the combination of parts and economies of manufacture, will be better understood upon consideration of the following description and the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration and description only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the application. It will be understood that the figures are not drawn to scale.
Various block diagrams are used in this application to illustrate various variations of embodiments according to the application. It should be understood that the foregoing and following structures are not intended to limit the present application. The protection scope of this application is subject to the claims.
Conventional bus-type network protocols include MIL-STD-1553B protocol based on coaxial cable and FC-AE-1553 protocol based on fiber optic transmission.
Generally, the standard rate of the MIL-STD-1553B protocol is 1Mbps, a maximum of 32 16-bit data is transmitted in one transmission process, the transmission rate is too low, and the protocol can only be used for transmission of control commands and states in engineering application, but cannot be used for transmission of large data volume, and a dedicated line needs to be added between each device for transmission of large data.
The FC-AE-1553 protocol is an optical fiber transmission medium, the highest transmission rate of the FC-AE-1553 protocol can reach 4.25Gbps, large data can be transmitted in engineering application, instructions and state information can be transmitted simultaneously, but the FC-AE-1553 protocol has limitations in the engineering application, occupies a long-time network bandwidth when large data is transmitted, and reduces the real-time performance of instruction control.
Therefore, a bus-type protocol is needed to solve the problems that the rate of the MIL-STD-1553B protocol is too low and the real-time performance of the FC-AE-1553 protocol for transmitting the instruction state information is too low.
The embodiment of the disclosure discloses an automatic scheduling instruction transmission and data transmission optical fiber bus protocol, which adopts optical fibers as transmission media to realize the fusion of an FC-AE-1553 protocol and an MIL-STD-1553B protocol, adopts the FC-AE-1553 protocol to transmit big data, adopts an MIL-STD-1553B protocol upgrading version to transmit instructions and state data, and designs a protocol automatic scheduling control module to ensure that instruction transmission has higher priority, wherein the data transmission and instruction transmission protocol framework is as shown in figure 1 and comprises a physical layer, a transmission layer, a link layer and a protocol layer, wherein the protocol layer comprises an instruction transmission protocol and a data transmission protocol, and the link layer comprises priority scheduling control. In actual engineering application, the instruction transmission protocol adopts an MIL-STD-1553B protocol, the inheritance and the compatibility of software design can be kept, control software does not need to be redesigned, and only a software design part for data transmission needs to be added.
The embodiment of the present disclosure discloses an example of a protocol layer frame format, which is specifically shown in fig. 2. The command transmission and the data transmission adopt the same data frame format, and the data frame format comprises a frame start delimiter, frame content, CRC and a frame end delimiter; wherein, the frame content comprises a frame head and data; it should be noted that the frame headers for instruction transmission and data transmission are different, the frame header for data transmission is shown in table 1, and the frame header for instruction transmission is shown in table 2.
Table 1 data transmission frame header format
The data transmission protocol sequence comprises a command sequence, a data sequence and a state sequence, and the data sequence is divided into a plurality of data sequences when the transmission number is more than 2 KB.
Table 2 frame header for instruction transmission
The data transmission quantity of the instruction is not more than 64 bytes, and the instruction comprises a command sequence and a state sequence, and the data content is contained in the command sequence and the state sequence.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, sequence management in instruction transmission and data transmission uses fields shown in table 3 and table 4:
TABLE 3 sequence management field
Table 4 sequence identification field definitions
The data sequence in the data transmission protocol is composed of a plurality of data frames, and according to the frame counting field, 65536 frames can be contained in one sequence, and each frame has valid data of 2048B at most, so that the length of each message can reach 65536 × 2KB of data.
The embodiment of the present disclosure further discloses a protocol transmission process, specifically shown in fig. 3 and 4, where the instruction transmission process is shown in fig. 3, taking an example that a Network Controller (hereinafter referred to as NC, Network Controller) sends data to a Network Terminal (hereinafter referred to as NT, Network Terminal), and the whole process includes an NC sending command sequence, NT instruction response time, and NT state sending time.
The command sequence and the state sequence longest data packet transmitted by the instruction are as follows:
SOF (4Byte) + frame header (24Byte) + data content (64Byte) + CRC (4Byte) + EOF (4Byte) ═ 100 Byte.
When 2.5Gbps is selected on the optical fiber bus, the command sequence and the state sequence of the instruction transmission are calculated according to the maximum data length, and the transmission time is 400ns respectively.
The response time of the NT instruction is not more than 4us (protocol guarantee), i.e. the whole instruction transmission process time is 4.8 us.
The data transmission process is as shown in fig. 4, taking the NC sending data to the NT as an example, the whole process includes an NC sending command sequence, an NC sending data sequence, an NT command response time, and an NT status sending time.
The maximum length of a single sequence is 2112Byte in the data transmission process, the whole data is divided into 32 sequences in the data transmission process of 64KB, 10 idle codes are inserted between the single sequences for elastic buffer control when the time precision at two ends of an optical fiber link is inconsistent, and the total transmission time of the single sequence is 8.448us when the optical fiber bus selects 2.5 Gbps.
The response time for the transmission of NT data does not exceed 4us (protocol guarantee), i.e., the entire instruction transmission process time is 4.8 us.
The NT state of data transmission returns to the maximum length of 48 bytes, and the transmission time is 192 ns.
The total time for an NC to send 64KB of data to NT is 279.488 us:
8.448*32us+31*10*16ns+4us+192ns＝279.488us。
in the embodiment of the disclosure, the fusion protocol of bus type instruction transmission and data transmission adopts the same optical fiber channel for data transmission, and guarantees that the instruction transmission and the data transmission acquire the control right of the optical fiber link through a priority scheduling mechanism.
When the optical fiber bus link is idle, the instruction transmission can be transmitted immediately, and in the data transmission process, the instruction transmission in the fusion protocol of the instruction transmission and the data transmission can be configured with different priorities, as shown in table 5:
table 5 instruction transmission priority policy
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure further discloses a method for transmitting instructions and data, as shown in fig. 5, specifically including:
when receiving an instruction transmission request in the interval period of data transmission, immediately executing instruction transmission and finishing the instruction transmission according to the received instruction state;
when receiving an instruction transmission request in the data transmission process, acquiring the priority of the instruction, automatically processing the data transmission process and the instruction transmission process according to a preset priority scheduling mechanism, and finishing instruction transmission according to a received instruction state sequence.
In some embodiments, the method specifically comprises:
when the priority of the instruction is the highest priority, immediately interrupting the transmission of the current data sequence and executing instruction transmission;
when the priority of the instruction is the medium priority, after the transmission of the current data sequence is finished, executing instruction transmission;
and when the priority of the instruction is low, executing instruction transmission after the current data transmission is finished.
In some embodiments, when the priority of the instruction is the highest priority, the current data sequence is divided into two sequences, state information is saved, and instruction transmission is executed;
and after the instruction transmission is finished, retransmitting the data sequence which is not transmitted in the current data sequence according to the stored state information.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: and combining the two received packet data sequences according to the state information.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, a process of transmitting a highest priority instruction during data transmission is shown, where the specific process of link control is as follows:
1) the link control module receives the instruction transmission request at the message interval and/or the data sequence interval, immediately executes instruction transmission, namely immediately sends the command sequence of the instruction, and allows the next data transmission after receiving the state sequence returned by the NT; meanwhile, after all NT nodes receive the command sequence of the instruction, the NC state is not responded, and the transmission is continued after the transmission of the instruction message is finished;
2) after receiving the instruction transmission request in the data transmission process, the link control module immediately interrupts the transmission of the current data sequence and starts the instruction transmission, and the specific process is as follows:
a) the link control module finishes the current data sequence, divides the current data sequence into two sequences and stores the related state information;
b) starting to execute the instruction transmission process;
c) after the instruction transmission state returns, finishing the instruction transmission;
d) after the instruction transmission is finished, retransmitting the data sequence which is not transmitted and finished according to the stored state information;
3) the receiving end combines the two received data sequences into a data sequence according to the state information and transmits the data sequence to the protocol layer, and continues the transmission of the subsequent data sequence.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, a process of transmitting a medium priority instruction in a data transmission process is shown, where a specific process of link control is as follows:
1) the link control module receives an instruction sending request at a message interval or a data sequence interval or a sequence interval, immediately executes instruction transmission, namely immediately sends a command sequence of the instruction, allows the next data transmission after receiving a state sequence returned by the NT, and simultaneously all NT nodes do not respond to the NC state after receiving the command sequence of the instruction and continue to transmit after finishing the transmission of the instruction message;
2) after receiving a medium priority instruction transmission request in the data sequence transmission process, the link control module starts to execute instruction transmission after the current data sequence transmission is finished, wherein the longest waiting time is 8.448us, and the specific process is as follows:
a) waiting for the end of the transmission of the data sequence and storing relevant state information;
b) starting to execute the instruction transmission process;
c) after the instruction transmission state returns, finishing the instruction transmission;
3) and after the instruction message is transmitted, continuing to send the data sequence or waiting to receive the state sequence according to the current state information.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, a process of transmitting a low-priority instruction during data transmission is shown, where the specific process of link control is as follows:
1) the link control module immediately sends a command sequence of the instruction when receiving an instruction sending request at a message interval, allows the next data transmission after receiving a state sequence returned by the NT, and simultaneously all NT nodes do not respond to the NC state after receiving the command sequence of the instruction and continue to transmit after the instruction message transmission is finished;
2) after receiving a medium priority instruction transmission request in the data sequence transmission process, a link control module waits for the completion of the transmission of a current data message and starts instruction transmission at a message interval, wherein the longest waiting time is 279.488us, and the specific process is as follows:
a) waiting for the end of data transmission;
b) starting to execute the instruction transmission process;
c) and finishing the instruction transmission after the instruction transmission state returns.
In some embodiments, the data transmission idle period specifically comprises a message interval and/or a data sequence interval.
In some embodiments, the data transmission process specifically includes: sending command sequence, sending data sequence, protocol response and returning data transmission state.
In some embodiments, the instruction transmission specifically includes: sending command sequence, responding to the command and returning to the command transmission state.
In some embodiments, the data transmission and the instruction transmission process use the same frame format, but the frame header composition of the two is different.
In some embodiments, the data transmission specifically uses FC-AE-1553 protocol to transmit data; the instruction transmission specifically adopts an MIL-STD-1553B protocol to transmit an instruction and an instruction transmission state.
The embodiment of the present disclosure further discloses a device 200 for transmitting instructions and data, as shown in fig. 9, specifically including:
a receiving module 201, configured to receive an instruction transmission request during an idle period of data transmission and/or during data transmission; the instruction transmission state is also received;
the execution module 202 is configured to execute instruction transmission when the receiving module receives an instruction transmission request during an idle data transmission period; and the receiving module is also used for acquiring the priority of the instruction when receiving the instruction transmission request in the data transmission process, and automatically processing the data transmission process and the instruction transmission execution process according to a preset priority scheduling mechanism.
The disclosed embodiments have the following advantages:
1) in engineering application, the method can be compatible with the traditional MIL-STD-1553B instruction state control software design without redesigning;
2) when big data is transmitted, link control can be automatically carried out according to the priority of the instruction, so that reliable, effective and real-time instruction transmission is realized, and the control precision is improved;
3) the convergence protocol can achieve effective balance between real-time performance of instruction transmission and bandwidth utilization rate of data transmission.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present application are merely illustrative of or illustrative of the principles of the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope and range of equivalents of the appended claims, or the equivalents of such scope and range.
Claims (8)
1. A method of transmitting instructions and data, comprising:
when receiving an instruction transmission request in a data transmission idle period, immediately executing instruction transmission, and finishing the instruction transmission according to a received instruction transmission state;
when an instruction transmission request is received in the data transmission process, acquiring the priority of the instruction, automatically processing the data transmission process and the instruction transmission process according to a preset priority scheduling mechanism, and finishing instruction transmission according to the received instruction transmission state, wherein the data transmission specifically adopts an FC-AE-1553 protocol to transmit data; the instruction transmission specifically adopts an MIL-STD-1553B protocol to transmit an instruction and an instruction transmission state;
when the priority of the instruction is the highest priority, immediately interrupting the transmission of the current data sequence and executing instruction transmission;
wherein, the process of transmitting the highest priority instruction in the data transmission process is as follows:
the link control module receives the instruction transmission request at the message interval and/or the data sequence interval, immediately executes the instruction transmission, namely immediately sends the instruction command sequence, and allows the next data transmission after receiving the state sequence returned by the network terminal NT;
meanwhile, after all NT nodes receive the command sequence of the instruction, the NC state of the network computer is not responded, and the transmission is continued after the transmission of the instruction message is finished;
when the priority of the instruction is the medium priority, after the transmission of the current data sequence is finished, executing instruction transmission;
and when the priority of the instruction is low, executing instruction transmission after the current data transmission is finished.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein when the priority of the instruction is the highest priority, the current data sequence is divided into two sequences, state information is saved, and instruction transmission is performed;
and after the instruction transmission is finished, retransmitting the data sequence which is not transmitted in the current data sequence according to the stored state information.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: and combining the data sequences received successively according to the state information.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the data transmission idle period comprises in particular a message interval and/or a data sequence interval.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the data transmission process specifically comprises: sending command sequence, sending data sequence, protocol response and returning data transmission state.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the instruction transmission specifically comprises: sending a command sequence, responding to the command and returning to the command transmission state.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the data transmission and the command transmission are performed in the same frame format, but the frame header composition of the data transmission and the command transmission are different.
8. An apparatus for transmitting instructions and data, comprising:
the receiving module is used for receiving an instruction transmission request in the idle period of data transmission and/or in the data transmission process; the device is also used for receiving an instruction transmission state;
the execution module is used for executing instruction transmission when the receiving module receives an instruction transmission request in a data transmission idle period; the receiving module is further used for acquiring the priority of the instruction when receiving an instruction transmission request in the data transmission process, and scheduling the data according to a preset priority scheduling mechanism, wherein the data transmission specifically adopts an FC-AE-1553 protocol to transmit the data; the instruction transmission specifically adopts an MIL-STD-1553B protocol to transmit an instruction and an instruction transmission state;
when the priority of the instruction is the highest priority, immediately interrupting the transmission of the current data sequence and executing instruction transmission;
wherein, the process of transmitting the highest priority instruction in the data transmission process is as follows:
the link control module receives the instruction transmission request at the message interval and/or the data sequence interval, immediately executes the instruction transmission, namely immediately sends the instruction command sequence, and allows the next data transmission after receiving the state sequence returned by the network terminal NT;
meanwhile, after all NT nodes receive the command sequence of the instruction, the NC state of the network terminal is not responded, and the transmission is continued after the transmission of the instruction message is finished;
when the priority of the instruction is the medium priority, after the transmission of the current data sequence is finished, executing instruction transmission;
and when the priority of the instruction is low, executing instruction transmission after the current data transmission is finished.
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