CN111997048B

CN111997048B - Multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable

Info

Publication number: CN111997048B
Application number: CN202010655270.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 耿少波; 许博超
Original assignee: North University of China
Current assignee: North University of China
Priority date: 2020-07-03
Filing date: 2020-07-03
Publication date: 2021-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-03
Also published as: CN111997048A

Abstract

The invention relates to a multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable, which comprises a recyclable part and an unrecyclable part; the recyclable part includes: the anchor, the first hinge base, the multiple groups of chain rods, the second hinge base and the steel pipe are sequentially connected, and the anchor rod or the anchor cable penetrates through the steel pipe and the multiple groups of chain rods and is connected with the anchor; the non-recyclable part includes: the pressure-bearing base sealing cap, the pressure-bearing base, the hinge compression clamp and the compression spring. The anchorage device is characterized in that the unrecyclable part wraps the recoverable part, the first hinge base, the plurality of groups of chain rods and the second hinge base. Through the innovative combination of a plurality of groups of chain rods, the annular hinge base, the cup-shaped pressure-bearing base and the steel pipe, the anchor rod is lossless, convenient and complete to recover as far as possible, the application range of the anchor rod is enlarged, and the anchor rod is suitable for rigid anchor rods, flexible anchor cables, anchor rods with various lengths, anchor rods with various apertures and anchor loads.

Description

Multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable

Technical Field

The invention relates to an anchor rod or anchor cable system for engineering, in particular to a multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable.

Background

In engineering construction, in order to reduce cost, reduce residual construction waste underground and facilitate the construction of subsequent engineering of adjacent sites, the recycling of the anchor rods becomes a very valuable research topic.

The applicant of the present invention has found that the following problems exist in the existing recyclable anchor rod.

For the existing recoverable anchor rod which is connected with a recoverable part and a non-recoverable part through threads, torque is applied to the end part of the anchor rod during recovery, and the anchor rod is rotated to be detached. This recovery method has the following problems: 1. the threaded connection removal is only suitable for rigid bolts and not for flexible cables, since no torque can be applied to the flexible cable. 2. This kind of recovery mode is only applicable to the stock that length is than short because when the stock is longer, stock torsional rigidity is less, and is inconvenient to its torsional demolition, and the construction degree of difficulty increases. 3. This type of recovery is not suitable for bearing large pull loads because the threaded connection is easily damaged, rendering the bolt unrecoverable.

To the recoverable stock that present draws load direct transmission for the pressurized supporting body with the anchor rope through the ground tackle, when retrieving, at first extract the anchor rope center department steel strand wires with oil pressure disconnect-type jack, fixed pedestal center department produces the space, and then extracts other anchor ropes one by one. The disadvantages of this recovery technique: 1. need to exert the powerful load of drawing to the anchor rope, probably draw it bad, retrieve the degree of difficulty greatly and construction operation is complicated. 2. Such bolts can only be used with flexible anchor cables and cannot be used with rigid bolts. 3. The anchorage device applying the anchoring and pulling load to the pressure-bearing part can not be recovered and is not fully recovered.

The existing recyclable anchor rod shaped like a spiral drill bit can be directly screwed into a rock-soil body during construction, and can be reversely screwed out by a drilling machine after supporting is finished, so that recycling is realized. However, if the anchoring depth is large, the length of the anchor rod needs to be increased by adding a connector, and due to torsional rigidity, the slender anchor rod is not suitable for rotary motion, and it is difficult to ensure that the drilling direction is consistent with the predetermined direction, which brings great difficulty to construction. Therefore, this recycling technique has a drawback in that it is not suitable for long bolts.

For the existing plastic expansion sleeve recoverable anchor rod similar to the expansion bolt principle, the anchor rod is pulled to drive a cone connected with the anchor rod, the plastic expansion sleeve sleeved on the inclined plane of the cone is extruded, and the plastic expansion sleeve expands to generate radial pressure on the wall of the soil hole, so that the friction anchoring effect is achieved. The recycling anchor rod has the disadvantages that the anchor rod can not bear larger anchoring load only by local friction force at the plastic expansion sleeve, and the recycling difficulty is large and the recycling rate is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the problem of traditional stock can not retrieve and recycle is solved. The following problems of the existing recyclable anchor rod are solved: 1. only for rigid anchors or flexible anchors; 2. only suitable for short anchor rods; 3. the anchor rod is only suitable for anchor rods with smaller apertures; 4. only a small anchoring load can be provided; 5. the recovery of the amount can not reach one hundred percent; 6. the anchor rod is damaged in the recovery process; 7. the recovery process is complicated.

The invention provides a multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable which has the following technical characteristics: the anchor rod is suitable for a rigid anchor rod and a flexible anchor cable; the anchor rod is suitable for a single anchor rod (anchor cable) and a plurality of anchor rods (anchor cables); the anchor rod is suitable for various length types of anchor rods such as long anchor rods, medium-length anchor rods, short anchor rods and the like; the anchor rod is suitable for anchor rods with various pore sizes such as large pore size, medium pore size, small pore size and the like; the anchor is suitable for anchoring loads of various grades such as large, medium and small; the recovery rate can reach one hundred percent in quantity; the recovery process has no damage to the anchor rod, the recoverable part can be repeatedly used, and the recovery construction process is simple and easy to implement.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a multi-functional recyclable anchor rod or cable, comprising: a recyclable part and a non-recyclable part; the recyclable part includes: the anchor, the first hinge base, the multiple groups of chain rods, the second hinge base and the steel pipe are connected in sequence, and the anchor rod or the anchor cable penetrates through the steel pipe and the multiple groups of chain rods and is connected through anchoring of the anchor; the non-recyclable part includes: the pressure-bearing base, the pressure-bearing base sealing cap, the hinge clamp, hold-down spring. The anchorage device is characterized in that the unrecyclable part wraps the recoverable part, the first hinge base, the plurality of groups of chain rods and the second hinge base.

The anchor, the first hinge base, the plurality of groups of chain rods, the second hinge base and the steel pipe are sequentially connected, and particularly the anchor is connected with the first hinge base through rivets or bolts; two ends of the plurality of groups of chain rods are hinged with the first hinge base and the second hinge base through column hinges respectively; the second hinge base is connected with the steel pipe connecting end through a rivet or a bolt.

According to the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable, the number of the anchor rods or anchor cables can be one or more according to the required anchoring load. When the required long anchor rod is needed, the recyclable anchor rod can be repeatedly used, and one or more sections of steel pipes can be connected through the steel pipe pulling-out end of the steel pipe so as to prolong the length of the anchor rod.

The anchoring mode of the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable can be anchor ring and clip anchoring (as shown in fig. 2) or bolt and anchor plate anchoring (as shown in fig. 3) or pier head and anchor plate anchoring (as shown in fig. 4).

When the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable needs a large-aperture anchor rod with a large anchor pulling load grade, the multiple groups of chain rods are added to six groups or eight or more groups on the basis of the original four groups of chain rods, the chain rods are hinged between the first hinge base and the second hinge base at equal intervals through the column hinges, and each group of chain rods is formed by hinging two chain rods. When the number of the hinge rods is increased, the sizes of the first hinge base and the second hinge base are also increased correspondingly, so that the plurality of groups of the hinge rods can be arranged between the first hinge base and the second hinge base at equal intervals.

According to the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable, the first hinge base and the second hinge base are annular bases, and hinge rings adaptive to the groups of the chain rods are arranged at equal intervals.

According to the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable, the steel pipe connecting end is provided with the inward convex annular edge, and the inward convex annular edge is connected with the second hinge base through the rivet or the bolt; the steel pipe pulling end and the outer anchoring end gasket are kept at a certain distance and cannot be in close contact, so that the self-balance of an anchor rod system is avoided during tensioning, and a soil body does not obtain pre-pressure; the steel pipe is sleeved with a plastic sleeve and a plastic sleeve isolating film in sequence, and the plastic sleeve isolating film isolates the plastic sleeve from the cement mortar condensate so as to facilitate the recovery of the plastic sleeve.

According to the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable, the pressure-bearing base is integrally formed by the pressure-bearing bottom plate and the side wall of the pressure-bearing base, and the inner side of the side wall of the pressure-bearing base is provided with the annular convex edges of the side walls of the two pressure-bearing bases; the inner side of the annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate is a gradually-changed arc-shaped edge instead of a right-angle edge, so that when the recyclable part is pulled out, the middle positions of the plurality of groups of chain rods are hinged and clamped at the middle hole of the annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate; the bottom of the annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate is provided with a plastic isolation gasket, and the annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate is isolated from the cement mortar condensate by the isolation gasket.

One end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with the top end of the sealing cap of the pressure-bearing base, and the other end of the compression spring is in extrusion contact with the anchorage device; the hinge pressing clamp is a small-rigidity metal U-shaped clamp, one end of the hinge pressing clamp is fixedly connected with the side wall of the pressure-bearing base, the other end of the hinge pressing clamp is attached to the side wall of the pressure-bearing base, and the hinge pressing clamp is arranged at a hinge in the middle of each group of chain rods; under the combined action of the compression spring and the hinge compression clamp, the hinge at the middle position of each group of the chain rods can be clamped at the annular convex edge of the side wall of the pressure-bearing base. The rigidity of the hinge pressing clamp is small, and the chain rod can break loose the constraint of the hinge pressing clamp under the action of the recovery pulling force.

In the above multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable, the mechanism formed by the plurality of groups of chain rods, the first hinge bases and the second hinge bases can realize the following functions: under the action of the tensile force of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, the hinge at the middle position can be clamped and extrude the annular convex edge on the side wall of the pressure-bearing base so as to ensure that the anchor pulling load can be transmitted to the pressure-bearing base; under the action of drawing force applied to the drawing end of the steel pipe, the groups of chain rods can be straightened, so that the recoverable part can be drawn out from the hole at the bottom of the pressure bearing base.

In the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable, the sealing cap of the pressure-bearing base is a circular truncated cone-shaped metal shell without a bottom surface.

The multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable has the following beneficial effects:

through the innovative combination of the components such as the multiple groups of chain rods, the first hinge base, the second hinge base, the pressure bearing base, the steel pipe, the hinge locking device and the like, the multifunctional, multi-specification and multi-load-grade novel recoverable anchor rod or anchor cable is realized.

The anchor rod is suitable for a rigid anchor rod and a flexible anchor cable; the anchor rod is suitable for a single anchor rod (anchor cable) and a plurality of anchor rods (anchor cables); the anchor rod is suitable for anchor rods (anchor cables) with various lengths such as long anchor rods, medium-length anchor rods, short anchor rods and the like; the anchor rod (anchor cable) is suitable for anchor rods (anchor cables) with various pore sizes such as large pore size, medium pore size, small pore size and the like; the anchor is suitable for anchoring loads of various grades such as large, medium and small; the recovery rate can reach one hundred percent in quantity; the recovery process has no damage to the anchor rod, the recoverable part can be repeatedly used, and the recovery construction process is simple and easy to implement.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description of the invention

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or cable according to the present invention

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a multifunctional reusable recoverable anchor rod or cable of the present invention

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bolt and anchor plate anchoring manner of the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable of the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the anchoring mode of the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable with pier head and anchor plate

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a multi-functional reusable chain bar assembly for recoverable anchor or anchor cable according to the present invention

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a first hinge base and a second hinge base of the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or cable according to the present invention

FIGS. 7 and 8 are schematic views of a multifunctional reusable pressure-bearing base for recoverable anchor rods or cables according to the present invention

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a multi-functional reusable pressure-bearing base sealing cap for a recoverable anchor rod or cable of the present invention

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a multi-functional reusable hinge clamp for a recoverable anchor or anchor cable according to the present invention

FIGS. 11 and 12 are schematic views of a multifunctional reusable steel pipe with recoverable anchor rods or cables, and a central positioning bracket for the anchor rods or cables according to the present invention

FIGS. 13, 14 and 15 are schematic views illustrating the installation position of the multi-functional recyclable anchor rod or cable according to the present invention

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of an anchor ring and clip of a multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or cable according to the present invention

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a recyclable part of a multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or cable according to the present invention

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the multi-functional recyclable anchor rod or cable according to the present invention

FIGS. 19 and 20 are schematic views of the non-retrievable portion of a multi-functional reusable retrievable anchor or cable bolt of the invention

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a conventional retrievable anchor rod having a retrievable portion and a non-retrievable portion threadedly connected together

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a conventional recoverable anchor rod for directly transmitting the pulling load of an anchor cable to a pressure bearing body through an anchor

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of a conventional retrievable anchor shaped like a helical drill bit

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a prior art plastic expansion sleeve recoverable anchor rod similar to the expansion bolt principle

In the figure related to the invention, 1, an anchorage device, 2, a first hinge base, 3, a chain rod, 4, a second hinge base, 5, a steel pipe, 6, an anchor rod or an anchor rope, 7, a sealing cap of a pressure-bearing base, 8, 1, a pressure-bearing base pressure-bearing bottom plate of an annular base, 8, 2, a side wall of the pressure-bearing base, 8, 3, an annular convex edge of the side wall of the pressure-bearing base, 9, a hinge pressing clamp, 10, a pressing spring, 11, a plastic sleeve, 12, a plastic sleeve isolating membrane, 13, a plastic gasket, 14, a hinge at the middle position of each group of chain rods, 15, an anchor rod or anchor rope center positioning support, 16, a steel pipe pulling-out end, 17, an outer anchoring end gasket, 18, an inner convex annular edge, 19, a steel pipe connecting end, 21, an anchor plate, 22, a nut, 23, an anchor plate, 24, a pier head and 25, a gradually-changed arc-shaped edge

In FIG. 21, 1 is a plug, 2 is an anchoring nut, 3 is an anchoring agent, 4 is an anchoring sleeve, 5 is a rod body, 6 is a gasket, 7 is a fixing nut

In FIG. 22, 1 is anchor head, 2 is bearing plate, 3 is steel strand, 4 is sleeve, 5 is grouting body, 6 is bearing body, 7 is fixing pedestal, 8 is crimping joint

In FIG. 24, 1 is a cone nut, 2 is a plastic cone, 3 is a plastic expansion sleeve, 4 is a metal rod, 5 is a tray, 6 is a fastening nut

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or cable, which includes a recyclable part and a non-recyclable part; the recyclable part includes: the anchor device 1, the first hinge base 2, the multiple groups of chain rods 3, the second hinge base 4 and the steel pipe 5 are sequentially connected, and the anchor rod or anchor cable 6 penetrates through the steel pipe 5 and the multiple groups of chain rods 3 and is connected with the anchor device 1; the non-recyclable part includes: a pressure-bearing base sealing cap 7, a pressure-bearing base 8, a hinge pressing clamp 9 and a pressing spring 10. The anchorage device 1 for wrapping the recoverable part by the unrecoverable part, the first hinge base 2, the plurality of groups of chain rods 3 and the second hinge base 4.

The anchorage device 1 is connected with the first hinge base 2 through rivets or bolts; two ends of the plurality of groups of chain rods 3 are respectively hinged with the first hinge base 2 and the second hinge base 4; the second hinge base 4 is connected to the inwardly projecting annular rim 18 of the steel tube 5 by rivets or bolts.

The anchoring of the anchor rod or anchor cable 6 and the anchorage device 1 can adopt various anchoring modes such as anchoring by an anchor ring and a clamping piece, anchoring by a bolt and an anchor plate, anchoring by a pier head and an anchor plate and the like. Fig. 1 and 2 show an anchor ring and clip anchoring manner, fig. 3 shows a bolt and anchor plate anchoring manner, and fig. 4 shows a pier head and anchor plate anchoring manner.

When a large-aperture anchor rod with a large anchoring load grade is needed, the number of groups of the chain rods 3 is increased to six or eight or more groups on the basis of the original four groups of the chain rods, the chain rods are hinged between the first hinge bases 2 and the second hinge bases 4 at equal intervals through column hinges, and each group of the chain rods is formed by hinging two chain rods 3 through the column hinges. When the number of the hinge rods is increased, the sizes of the first hinge bases 2 and the second hinge bases 4 are also increased correspondingly, so that the plurality of hinge rods can be arranged between the first hinge bases 2 and the second hinge bases 4 at equal intervals.

The first hinge base 2 and the second hinge base 4 are annular bases, and hinge rings corresponding to the groups of chain rods are arranged at equal intervals.

The steel tube connecting end 19 is provided with an inner convex annular edge 18, and the inner convex annular edge 18 is connected with the second hinge base 4. The steel pipe 5 is sequentially sleeved with a plastic sleeve 11 and a plastic sleeve isolating film 12.

The pressure-bearing base 8 is formed by integrating a pressure-bearing bottom plate 8.1 of an annular base and a side wall 8.2 of the pressure-bearing base, and the inner side of the side wall 8.2 of the pressure-bearing base is provided with two annular convex edges 8.3 of the side wall of the pressure-bearing base; the bottom of the annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate 8.1 is provided with a plastic isolation gasket 13.

One end of a compression spring 10 is fixedly connected with the top end of the pressure-bearing base sealing cap 7, and the other end of the compression spring is in extrusion contact with the anchorage device 1; the hinge pressing clamp 9 is a U-shaped clamp, one end of the U-shaped clamp is fixedly connected with the side wall 8.2 of the pressure-bearing base, the other end of the U-shaped clamp is attached to the side wall 8.2 of the pressure-bearing base, and the hinge pressing clamp 9 is arranged at a hinge 14 in the middle of each group of the chain rods 3.

The specific use method of the multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or anchor cable comprises the following steps:

1. the process flow comprises the following steps: drilling a soil hole → assembling an anchor rod → installing the anchor rod → grouting → maintaining → tensioning → anchoring → recovering.

2. The key link construction process comprises the following steps:

(1) anchor rod assembly

Assembling the recyclable part: the anchor device 1, the first hinge base 2, the plurality of groups of chain rods 3, the second hinge base 4 and the steel pipe 5 are connected in sequence. And plastic sleeves 11 and plastic sleeve isolating films 12 are sleeved outside the steel pipes 5 in sequence, and anchor rod or anchor cable central positioning supports 15 are arranged outside the plastic sleeves every 1.5-2 m. An anchor rod or an anchor cable 6 penetrates through the steel pipe 5 and the multiple groups of chain rods 3 and is connected with the anchorage device 1.

The recyclable part is loaded into a bearing base 8, and hinges 14 at the middle positions of the groups of chain rods are pressed to the annular convex edges 8.3 of the side walls of the bearing base by hinge pressing clamps 9. Compression springs 10 are installed to further ensure that the sets of link intermediate position hinges 14 are pressed against the annular ridge 8.3 of the pressure bearing base side wall. And mounting a pressure-bearing base sealing cap 7.

When the required anchoring load is large and a large-aperture anchor rod is required, a plurality of groups of chain rods 3 can be arranged between the first hinge base 2 and the second hinge base 4 at equal intervals, and each group of chain rods 3 is formed by hinging two chain rods through a column hinge.

(2) Anchor rod installation

The assembled anchor rod is pushed to the bottom of the hole along the soil hole, the steel pipe pulling end 16 and the outer anchoring end gasket 17 are kept at a certain distance and cannot be in close contact, so that the anchor rod system is prevented from being self-balanced during tensioning, and the soil body does not obtain pre-pressure.

(3) Grouting anchor rod

During grouting, the grouting pipe is clamped on the anchor rod or anchor cable central positioning support 15, the anchor rod main body structure is not in direct contact with cement mortar, and the anchor rod main body structure is isolated from the plastic gasket 13 at the bottom of the annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate 8.1 by the plastic sleeve isolation film 12, so that the anchor rod or anchor cable central positioning support is convenient to recover.

(4) Anchor rod maintenance

(5) Anchor rod tensioning

Firstly, the anchor rod or the anchor cable 6 is tried to be pulled, the hinge 14 at the middle position is ensured to be clamped at the annular convex ridge 8.3 of the side wall of the pressure-bearing base, the tension force can be effectively transmitted, and then the tension is carried out according to the designed tension load. Anchor rod or anchor rope 6 will be tensile force through ground tackle 1 and transmit first hinge base 2, and first hinge base 2 extrudes multiunit connecting rod 3, and every group chain pole intermediate position hinge 14 is to the trend of the below (see arrow direction in figure 2) motion of side, and the card is to the annular bead 8.3 of extrusion pressure-bearing base lateral wall, and extrusion force transmits annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate 8.1 to from pressure-bearing base lateral wall 8.2, and annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate 8.1 extrudes the concrete body.

(6) Anchor rod anchoring

Anchoring the tensioned anchor rod or anchor cable 6 in one of the following ways: anchor ring plus clamping piece anchoring, bolt anchoring, pier head plus anchor plate anchoring. Fig. 1 and 2 show an anchor ring and clip anchoring manner, fig. 3 shows a bolt and anchor plate anchoring manner, and fig. 4 shows a pier head and anchor plate anchoring manner.

(7) Anchor rod recovery

During recovery, at the steel pipe extraction end 16, a proper pulling force is applied to pull the steel pipe 5, the pulling force is transmitted to each group of the chain rods 3 through the second hinge base 4, the hinges 14 at the middle positions of each group of the chain rods break away from the hinge pressing clamps 9 and move inwards, and each group of the chain rods 3 are straightened. The steel pipe 5 and the plastic sleeve 11 are pulled out, and then, the groups of chain rods 3, the first hinge bases 2, the anchorage devices 1 and the anchor rods or the anchor cables 6 are pulled out from the holes of the pressure bearing bottom plates 8.1 of the annular bases. So far, the recoverable part realizes nondestructive recovery. The recovered anchor rod or anchor cable can be repeatedly used. Since the spacer 13 at the bottom of the pressure bearing foundation 8 has separated the annular foundation pressure bearing bottom plate 8.1 from the concrete, it can be recovered smoothly if it is excavated to the non-recoverable part in the subsequent construction.

Claims

1. A multi-functional recyclable anchor rod or cable that recycles, includes recoverable part and unrecoverable part, its characterized in that:

the recyclable part includes: the anchor rod (6) or the anchor cable (6), the anchor (1), the first hinge base (2), a plurality of groups of chain rods (3), the second hinge base (4) and the steel pipe (5) are sequentially connected, wherein the anchor (1) is connected with the first hinge base (2) through rivets or bolts, two ends of the plurality of groups of chain rods (3) are respectively hinged with the first hinge base (2) and the second hinge base (4) through column hinges, the second hinge base (4) is connected with the steel pipe (5) through rivets or bolts, and the anchor rod (6) or the anchor cable (6) penetrates through the steel pipe (5) and the plurality of groups of chain rods (3) and is connected with the anchor (1) in an anchoring manner;

the non-recyclable part includes: the hinge pressing clamp comprises a pressure-bearing base sealing cap (7), a pressure-bearing base (8), a hinge pressing clamp (9) and a pressing spring (10), wherein the pressure-bearing base sealing cap (7) is connected with the pressure-bearing base (8) through a rivet or a bolt; one end of the compression spring (10) is fixedly connected with the top end of the sealing cap (7) of the pressure-bearing base, the other end of the compression spring is in extrusion contact with the anchorage device (1), and the compression spring (10) directly extrudes the first hinge base (2) to further extrude each group of chain rods (3), so that hinges (14) at the middle positions of each group of chain rods (3) are clamped at the annular convex edges (8.3) on the side wall of the pressure-bearing base; one end of the hinge pressing clamp (9) is fixedly connected with the side wall (8.2) of the pressure-bearing base, the other end of the hinge pressing clamp is attached to the side wall (8.2) of the pressure-bearing base, the hinge pressing clamp (9) is arranged at the middle position hinge (14) of each group of chain rods, and the middle position hinge (14) of each group of chain rods is clamped at the annular convex edge (8.3) of the side wall of the pressure-bearing base;

the anchorage device (1) for wrapping the recyclable part by the non-recyclable part, the first hinge base (2), the plurality of groups of chain rods (3) and the second hinge base (4).

2. A multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or cable according to claim 1 characterized by anchor of the anchor rod (6) or cable (6) with anchor ring plus clip or bolt or pier head plus anchor plate.

3. A multifunctional reusable recoverable anchor rod or cable according to claim 1, wherein said anchor rod or cable (6) may be single or multiple depending on the anchoring load; when the anchor rod needs to be long, when the recyclable anchor rod is recycled, one or more sections of steel pipes can be connected at the steel pipe extraction end (16) of the steel pipe (5) to prolong the length of the anchor rod.

4. A multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or cable according to claim 1 wherein when a large anchor load grade large bore anchor is required, the plurality of sets of links (3) are increased to six, eight or more sets based on the four sets of links, and are hinged at equal intervals between the first annular hinge base (2) and the second annular hinge base (4), wherein each set of links (3) is formed by two links (3) being hinged, and when the number of sets of links is increased, the sizes of the first hinge base (2) and the second hinge base (4) are correspondingly increased, so that the plurality of sets of links can be mounted at equal intervals between the first hinge base (2) and the second hinge base (4).

5. A multifunctional reusable recoverable anchor or rope according to claim 1, characterized in that said first (2) and second (4) hinge bases are annular bases provided with equally spaced hinge rings adapted to each set of chain rods.

6. A multifunctional reusable recoverable anchor rod or cable according to claim 3 wherein the steel tube connecting end (19) is provided with an inwardly projecting annular rim (18), said inwardly projecting annular rim (18) being riveted or bolted to said second hinge base (4); the steel pipe pulling end (16) and the outer anchoring end gasket (17) keep a certain distance and cannot be in close contact, so that the self-balance of an anchor rod system is prevented from being formed during tensioning, and a soil body does not obtain pre-pressure; the steel pipe (5) is sequentially sleeved with a plastic sleeve (11) and a plastic sleeve isolating film (12), and the plastic sleeve (11) is isolated from a cement mortar condensate by the plastic sleeve isolating film (12) so as to facilitate the recovery of the plastic sleeve (11).

7. The multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or cable as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the bearing base (8) is integrally formed by an annular base bearing bottom plate (8.1) and a bearing base side wall (8.2), and two annular ribs (8.3) are arranged in the bearing base side wall (8.2); the inner side of the annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate (8.1) is a gradual change arc-shaped edge (25) instead of a right-angle edge, so that when the recyclable part is pulled out, hinges (14) at the middle positions of the multiple groups of chain rods are prevented from being clamped at a middle hole of the annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate (8.1); the bottom of the annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate (8.1) is provided with a plastic isolation gasket (13), and the annular base pressure-bearing bottom plate (8.1) is isolated from a cement mortar condensate by the isolation gasket (13).

8. The multifunctional recyclable anchor rod or cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hinge clamp (9) is a small-rigidity metal U-shaped clamp, one end of the small-rigidity metal U-shaped clamp is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing base side wall (8.2), the other end of the small-rigidity metal U-shaped clamp is attached to the pressure-bearing base side wall (8.2) and is not connected with the pressure-bearing base side wall (8.2), the hinge clamp (9) is arranged at the hinge (14) at the middle position of each group of the link rods, the rigidity of the hinge clamp (9) is small, and the plurality of groups of the link rods (3) can break loose from the constraint of the hinge clamp (9) under the effect of recycling tension; under the combined action of the compression spring (10) and the hinge compression clamp (9), the hinge (14) at the middle position of each group of the chain rods can be clamped at the annular convex rib (8.3) of the side wall of the pressure-bearing base.

9. A multifunctional reusable recoverable anchor rod or cable according to claim 3 wherein the said plurality of sets of links (3) and first and second hinge bases (2, 4) are configured to perform the following functions: under the tensile force of an anchor rod or an anchor cable (6), the hinge (14) at the middle position can be clamped and extruded at the annular convex rib (8.3) of the side wall of the pressure-bearing base so as to ensure that the anchor tensile load can be transmitted to the pressure-bearing base (8); under the action of drawing force applied to the steel pipe drawing end (16), the chain rods (3) of each group can be straightened so as to ensure that the recyclable part can be drawn out from the bottom hole of the pressure bearing base (8).