CN111996983A - Comprehensive hydro-junction and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A comprehensive hydro-junction and an operation method thereof belong to the technical field of hydraulic engineering. The system comprises two symmetrically arranged water delivery culverts, a lock chamber of a ship lock arranged between the two water delivery culverts, a water outlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock, a water inlet control gate of the water delivery culverts, a water outlet control gate of the water delivery culverts and a plurality of component layer water taking gates; the water inlet control gates of the two water delivery culverts slide to the lock chamber of the ship lock along the running tracks and are also used as water inlet gates of the lock chamber of the ship lock; the elevation of the top surface of the water delivery culvert is reduced from the upstream side to the downstream side, a plurality of component layer water intake gates are arranged on the top surface of the water delivery culvert at intervals and correspond to water intake ports with different elevations, and the positions of the layered water intake gates on the top surfaces of the two water delivery culverts correspond. The whole hydro-junction building has the advantages of small engineering quantity, short construction period, low engineering cost, stable engineering structure and high controllability, and simultaneously comprises the necessary functions of the traditional hydro-junction.

Description

Comprehensive hydro-junction and operation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a comprehensive hydro-junction and an operation method thereof, which can simultaneously realize layered water taking, water retaining, water discharging, water diversion and navigation and belong to the technical field of hydraulic engineering.

Background

The hydro-junction is different types of hydraulic building engineering built in suitable places such as rivers, lakes, coastal areas, channels and the like in order to meet various water conservancy interest-promoting purposes. The comprehensive utilization of the hydro-junction refers to a hydro-junction built for fully utilizing water resources, protecting the property safety of people, promoting the national economic development and other various targets, and the purpose which can be realized comprises the following steps: irrigation, flood control, drainage, hydroelectric generation, fishery, urban and industrial water supply, shipping, travel, environmental protection and the like.

Compared with hydraulic engineering with a single development purpose, the design comprehensively utilizes the hydraulic engineering to comprehensively consider the water use requirements of different departments, for example, the downward sloping water quantity is utilized for power generation, the water use requirements of downstream industry and agriculture are met, and 'one water is used for multiple purposes and one warehouse is used for multiple purposes'; secondly, the construction of a hydro-junction requires a large investment, and the upstream is submerged and submerged after the construction, and may affect the ecological environment. Therefore, attention is paid to developing comprehensive utilization benefits to the maximum extent when planning and designing the hydro-junction, and the economic benefits are brought into play as far as possible while the functional benefits are improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above requirements of planning and designing a comprehensive hydro-junction, the present invention aims to provide a comprehensive hydro-junction capable of simultaneously achieving layered water taking, water retaining, water drainage, water diversion, navigation and flood discharge, and an operation method thereof.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a comprehensive hydro-junction, which is characterized by comprising two symmetrically arranged water delivery culverts, a lock chamber arranged between the two water delivery culverts, a water outlet gate of the lock chamber, a water inlet control gate of the water delivery culverts, a water outlet control gate of the water delivery culverts and a plurality of component layer water taking gates; the water inlet control gates of the water delivery culverts extend to the bottom plate of the other water delivery culvert from the bottom plate of one water delivery culvert through the bottom plate of the lock chamber of the ship lock, and the water inlet control gates of the two water delivery culverts slide to the lock chamber of the ship lock along the running tracks of the water inlet control gates and are also used as water inlet gates of the lock chamber of the ship lock; the elevation of the top surface of the water delivery culvert is reduced from the upstream side to the downstream side, a plurality of component layer water intake gates are arranged on the top surface of the water delivery culvert at intervals and correspond to water intake ports with different elevations, and the positions of the layered water intake gates on the top surfaces of the two water delivery culverts correspond.

Furthermore, spillways are respectively arranged on two outer sides of the water conservancy junction, and the elevation of the bank wall of each spillway is the same as that of the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert.

Furthermore, a breast wall is arranged above the water outlet control gate of the water delivery culvert, and the height of the breast wall is the same as that of the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert.

Furthermore, the water outlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock is a bidirectional water retaining herringbone gate, when water is retained in the forward direction, the included angle between the gate leaf and the niche is 70 degrees, and when water is retained in the reverse direction, the included angle between the gate leaf and the niche is 110 degrees.

Furthermore, the spillway is S-shaped and is provided with a flexible energy dissipation part on the surface.

Furthermore, the same-component layered water intake gate on the top surface of the same water delivery culvert is provided with two gate leaves, the two gate leaves in the same group share one hoist, the hoist is positioned between the two gate leaves in the same group, the top of the water delivery culvert is provided with a track for moving the layered water intake gate, and the two gate leaves corresponding to the hoist are displaced towards or away from each other through the hoist.

Furthermore, a water level sensor for detecting a water level and an infrared sensor for detecting a water level line are arranged at the water taking ports with different elevations on the top surface of the water delivery culvert, a water pressure sensor for detecting water pressure is arranged at the water taking port with the lowest elevation, each sensor is respectively connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), the PLC is connected with a remote control end, and the remote control end controls the operation of a hoist of each gate.

Further, carry the water inlet control gate of culvert, its gate pier back end is installed the camera, the camera passes through the PLC controller and connects remote control end, makes things convenient for staff remote monitoring water conservancy pivot's operating condition.

Furthermore, each gate is provided with a water-stopping rubber.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide an operation method of a comprehensive hydro-junction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) water retaining device

When water is retained, all layered water taking gates are closed, the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert is used as a ship lock chamber water inlet gate, the water outlet control gate of the water delivery culvert is closed, and the ship lock chamber water outlet gate is closed;

2) navigation

When the upstream water level is between the elevation of the bottommost water intake and the elevation of the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert, the water conservancy junction allows navigation of the ship, and the initial operation state is a water retaining working condition;

a. when the ship goes from upstream to downstream, water is supplied to the lock chamber of the ship lock through the layered water taking gate;

when the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is level with the upstream water level, the layered water taking gate is closed, the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert is closed, the water inlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock is opened, and after the ship enters the lock chamber of the ship lock from the upstream, the water inlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock is closed;

then opening a water delivery valve of a water outlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock, discharging water in the lock chamber of the ship lock to the downstream through a water delivery hole, closing the water delivery valve when the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is flush with the downstream water level, opening the water outlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock, and enabling the ship to run out of the lock chamber of the ship lock and enter a downstream or downstream navigation channel;

b. when a ship moves from the downstream to the upstream, firstly, opening a water delivery valve of a water outlet gate of a lock chamber of the ship lock, delivering downstream water to the lock chamber of the ship lock through a water delivery hole, closing the water delivery valve when the water level of the lock chamber is level with the downstream water level, opening the water outlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock, and closing the water outlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock after the ship moves into the lock chamber of the ship lock;

then, inputting the upstream water into a lock chamber of the ship lock in a layering way through a layering water intake gate;

when the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is level with the upstream water level, the layered water intake gate is closed, the water inlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock is transversely pulled, and the ship can run out of the lock chamber of the ship lock and enter an upstream or upstream approach channel;

3) layered water taking

When the water level is between the elevation of the lowest water intake and the elevation of the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert, layered water taking can be carried out, the initial operation state of the hydraulic junction is a water retaining working condition, the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert is closed, so that upstream water enters the lock chamber of the ship lock, after the water flow is stabilized, the water outlet control gate of the water delivery culvert is opened, the water taking gate under the corresponding water level condition is opened, the upstream water flow enters the water delivery culvert from the corresponding water intake layer by layer through the lock chamber of the ship lock at the moment, and finally, the upstream surface water is obtained at the outlet of the water delivery culvert.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention has simple structure, small construction quantity of the whole hydro-junction building, short construction period, low construction cost, stable construction structure and high adjustability, and simultaneously comprises the necessary functions of the traditional hydro-junction;

2. the invention mainly adjusts the upstream and downstream water level conditions through the combined operation of a plurality of gates, finishes the operations of layered water taking, navigation, water retaining, water diversion, flood traveling, water drainage and the like, can realize the 'one-gate multipurpose' and enables the hydraulic junction to exert the maximum comprehensive benefit;

3. the invention can be used for taking water in layers and surface water under various water level conditions, and is completed only by opening and closing the gate without any other power equipment;

4. under the navigation condition, the water intake gate and the culverts on the two sides are also used as galleries for delivering and discharging water to the lock chamber of the ship lock, and the water level in the lock chamber of the ship lock is adjusted; when the gate stops water, the hub can discharge water through the spillway; the lock chamber of the ship lock can be used as a flood passage in the flood period; when water is introduced, the lock chamber and the culvert can be used as water introduction channels;

5. the sliding bearing of the gate, the cambered surface supporting seat of the roll shaft support and the like are made of copper-based alloy self-lubricating materials, so that the friction force is reduced, the gate can be flexibly transversely pulled, lifted and split during operation, and the service life is long;

6. the invention adopts a PLC controller, a signal input port of the PLC controller is connected with a water level sensor, an infrared sensor and a water pressure sensor, and the changes of the water level and the water pressure are monitored; the signal output port is connected with the remote control end; the remote control end is connected with each hoist to realize the remote control of the whole hub.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall view of the integrated hydro-hub of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view (along the direction of water flow) of the integrated hydro-junction culvert of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the integrated hydro-junction of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the intake gate of the integrated hydro-junction according to the present invention (taking the first floor as an example);

FIG. 5 is a view of the arrangement of the outlet gate of the integrated hydro-junction ship lock of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a working diagram of the gate of the integrated hydro-junction during water retaining;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the operation of the gate in the layered water intake of the integrated hydro-junction according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the gate operation during flood-going operation of the integrated hydro-junction of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a working diagram of the gate of the integrated hydro-junction during ultra-low water level diversion according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a comprehensive hydro-hub PLC controller of the present invention;

in the figure: a-first layer water intake gate (A11-left culvert first layer left side water intake gate, A12-left culvert first layer right side water intake gate, A21-right culvert first layer left side water intake gate, A22-right culvert first layer right side water intake gate);

b-second layer water intake gate (B11-left side water intake gate of second layer of left culvert, B12-right side water intake gate of second layer of left culvert, B21-left side water intake gate of second layer of right culvert, B22-right side water intake gate of second layer of right culvert);

c-third layer water intake gate (C11-left side culvert third layer left side water intake gate, C12-left side culvert third layer right side water intake gate, C21-right side culvert third layer left side water intake gate, C22-right side culvert third layer right side water intake gate);

d-a fourth layer water intake gate (D11-a left side culvert, a fourth layer left side water intake gate, D12-a left side culvert, a fourth layer right side water intake gate, D21-a right side culvert, a fourth layer left side water intake gate and D22-a right side culvert, a fourth layer right side water intake gate);

e-a gate at the water inlet (E1-a gate at the water inlet of a left culvert and a gate at the water inlet of a right culvert E2); f-a gate at the water outlet (F1-a gate at the water outlet of the left culvert and F2 gates at the water outlet of the right culvert); g-lock water outlet gate (G1-lock left side water outlet gate, G2 lock left side water outlet gate);

1-water delivery culvert, 2-lock chamber, 3-spillway, 4-pier, 5-culvert floor, 6-lock chamber floor, 7-spillway quay wall, 8 cameras, 9-gate E orbit, 10-gate G shaft post, 11-gate G water delivery hole, 12-water gate hoist (first layer water gate hoist 12A, second layer water gate hoist 12B, third layer water gate hoist 12C, fourth layer water gate hoist 12D), 13-breast wall, 14-gate F hoist, 15-PLC controller, 16-rubber seal (culvert intake), 17-water level sensor (17A-first layer water level sensor, 17B-second layer water intake level sensor, 17C-third layer water intake sensor, 17D-a water level sensor at a water intake of a fourth layer), 18-an infrared sensor (18A-an infrared sensor at a water intake of a first layer, 18B-an infrared sensor at a water intake of a second layer, 18C-an infrared sensor at a water intake of a third layer, 18D-an infrared sensor at a water intake of a fourth layer), 19-a water pressure sensor, 20-a gate G niche, 21-a side wheel of a water intake gate (a side wheel 21A of the water intake gate of a first layer), 22-a rigid coupling (a rigid coupling 22A of the water intake gate of a first layer), 23-a side pushing device of a cross-pulling water intake gate (a side pushing device 23A of the cross-pulling water intake gate of a first layer), 24-an L-shaped running track of the water intake gate (a running track 24A of the water intake gate of a first layer), 25-a main wheel of, 26-water taking gate bottom water stop (first layer water taking gate bottom water stop 26A).

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the integrated hydro-junction of the present embodiment includes:

all gates: eight pairs of control gates, namely a gate A11, a gate A12, a gate A21, a gate A22, a gate B11, a gate B12, a gate B21, a gate B22, a gate C11, a gate C12, a gate C21, a gate C22, a gate D11, a gate D12, a gate D21, a gate D22, control gates E1 and E2 arranged at a culvert water inlet, control gates F1 and F2 arranged at a culvert water outlet, and ship gate water outlet gates G1 and G2;

the water delivery culvert comprises a water delivery culvert 1, a ship lock chamber 2, a spillway 3, a lock pier 4, a culvert bottom plate 5, a ship lock chamber bottom plate 6, a spillway shore wall 7, a camera 8, a running track 9 of gates E1 and E2, a gate shaft column 10 of gates G1 and G2, a water delivery hole 11 of gates G1 and G2, a water taking gate hoist 12, a breast wall 13, a gate F hoist 14, a PLC (programmable logic controller) 15, rubber water 16, a water level sensor 17, an infrared sensor 18, a water pressure sensor 19, a gate niche 20 of gates G1 and G2, a water taking gate side wheel 21, a rigid coupling 22, a water taking gate side pushing device 23, a water taking gate running track 24, a water taking gate main wheel 25 and a water taking gate bottom water stop 26.

The gate A-E series are horizontal pull type plane gates, wherein the gate A, the gate B, the gate C and the gate D series are eight pairs of gates which are arranged at intervals on the top surface of the water delivery culvert and are adjacent to each other at different heights, the gate is arranged between the lowest water level of the upstream and the normal operation water level, the gate is arranged in an L-shaped track 24 at a water intake, four opening and closing devices are respectively used for controlling 12, the opening and closing devices are arranged between a pair of gates, when water starts to be taken, each opening and closing device controls a pair of gates, and the gates are operated towards the same direction through a coupler 22.

The gate E series is used as a culvert inlet gate and a ship lock chamber inlet gate, the gate F series is a plane gate which can be opened and closed up and down, and the gate G is a bidirectional water retaining herringbone gate (the included angle between the gate leaf and the niche is 70 degrees when water is retained in the forward direction, and the included angle between the gate leaf and the niche is 20 degrees when water is retained in the reverse direction is 110 degrees).

In the transverse pulling gate A-E series, the gate body adopts a double-panel rectangular structure, and the water intake gate A-D series is provided with a strip rubber bottom water stop; the water stop system of the gate E series, the gate F series and the gate G series is composed of bottom water stop and side water stop, a P-shaped rubber is used for the bottom water stop, the supporting strips on the two sides are used for the side water stop, and in order to ensure the water stop effect, an omega-shaped water stop rubber is embedded into the supporting strips and is firmly bonded by chloroprene rubber.

The sliding bearings of the transverse pulling gate A-E series, the cambered surface bearing seats of the roller bearings and the like all adopt copper-based alloy self-lubricating materials, and the transverse pulling gate A-E series takes high-strength copper alloy as a matrix and has the advantages of high bearing capacity, low friction coefficient, wear resistance, long service life and the like.

The spillway 3 is in an S-shaped arrangement form, the surface layer of the spillway is provided with a flexible energy dissipation piece, the flexible energy dissipation piece is supported by a template, and when spills flood, the flexible energy dissipation piece plays a role in energy dissipation and impact prevention. The elevation of the breast wall 13 is the same as that of the top of the water inlet gate E, and is the same as that of the spillway bank wall 7 and that of the water outlet gate G of the lock chamber, and the slope of the top surface of the water taking culvert is 1: 4.

A water level sensor 17 for detecting the water level, an infrared sensor 18 for detecting the water level line and a water pressure sensor 19 for detecting the water pressure are also arranged at the water taking port; a PLC (programmable logic controller) 15 is arranged on the top surface of the water delivery culvert; the infrared sensor 18 consists of 4 infrared sensors arranged at intervals along the upper wall of the water delivery culvert, the infrared sensors 18D, 18C, 18B and 18A are arranged from top to bottom in sequence and are respectively positioned at four pairs of water taking ports with different elevations, and the infrared sensors 18 are connected with a signal input port of the PLC 15; the water level sensor 17 and the water pressure sensor 19 are respectively connected with a signal input port of the PLC 15, and a signal output port of the PLC 15 is connected with a remote control end. Install a pair of camera 8 respectively at both sides gate pier back end, the remote control end is connected through the PLC controller respectively to the camera, makes things convenient for staff remote monitoring water delivery culvert 1 and lock chamber 2's operating condition.

The water inlet gate E of the water delivery culvert is opened and closed transversely on the rigid track and is also used as a water inlet gate of the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock; the water delivery culvert water outlet gate F is controlled by an electric screw hoist 14, and the operation mode is up and down opening and closing; the water outlet gate G of the lock chamber of the ship lock is a herringbone gate with bidirectional water retaining, the included angle between the gate leaf and the niche 20 is 70 degrees when the water is retained in the forward direction, and the included angle between the gate leaf and the niche 20 is 110 degrees when the water is retained in the reverse direction. The lower part of the gate G is provided with a small hole 11, and the water delivery valve in the water delivery hole 11 can be directly opened to adjust the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock under the navigation condition.

Camera 8 is located the gate pier 4 top of the left and right sides respectively, and remote control end is connected to camera 8, makes things convenient for staff remote monitoring hydrojunction's operating condition.

The infrared sensor 18 includes 4 independent infrared sensors. An infrared sensor 18A, an infrared sensor 18B, an infrared sensor 18C, and an infrared sensor 18D in this order; each infrared sensor emits an infrared ray for detecting a change in the water level. The infrared sensor 18 is connected with a signal input port of the PLC controller 15. When a plurality of infrared rays contact water, the highest infrared ray in the infrared rays is contacted by the water. The water pressure sensors 19 are arranged at the water intake port of the first layer, the water level sensors 17 are divided into 4 water level sensors which are respectively arranged near the water intake ports, when the water level changes, signals of the water level sensors at different elevations can be triggered and finally input into the signal input port of the PLC 15, and then the signals are output to the remote control end to control the opening of the gate.

The PLC controller 15 may include, but is not limited to: the signal input port, the signal output port, the central processing unit CPU; the signal input port is connected with a water level sensor 17, an infrared sensor 18 and a water pressure sensor 19 to monitor the change of water level and water pressure; the signal output port is connected with a remote control end, and the remote control end is connected with each hoist to control the operation of the gates A-G; the remote video monitoring end is further connected with the camera 8, and the working state of the whole pivot can be monitored by a worker conveniently in a remote mode.

The operation method of the comprehensive hydro-junction of the embodiment comprises the following 6 conditions:

1. water retaining device

During water retaining, the gate A, the gate B, the gate C and the gate D are closed, the gate E1 and the gate E2 are located between the two water delivery culverts 1, namely the gate E1 and the gate E2 are water inlet gates of the lock chamber 2, meanwhile, the gate F1 and the gate F2 are closed, the gate G1 and the gate G2 are closed, reverse water retaining is achieved (at the moment, water pressure transmitted from downstream is mainly borne, and the included angle between the gate leaf and the niche 20 is 110 degrees), namely, the working state shown in fig. 6 is achieved, and at the moment, the whole water conservancy pivot achieves the water retaining effect.

The default water retaining working condition is the initial operation state of the whole hydro-junction.

2. Navigation

When the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate A and the elevation of the gate E, the water conservancy junction allows the ship to navigate, the initial operation state of the gate is the water retaining working condition, namely the gate A, the gate B, the gate C and the gate D are closed, the gates E1 and E2 are positioned between the two water delivery culverts 1, the gates F1 and F2 are closed, and the gates G1 and G2 are closed (reverse water retaining).

When a ship goes from upstream to downstream, layered water is delivered to a ship lock chamber 2 through a gate A, a gate B, a gate C and a gate D (when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate A and the elevation of the gate B, the gate A is opened to deliver water to the ship lock chamber 2, when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate B and the elevation of the gate C, the gate B is opened to deliver water to the ship lock chamber 2, when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate C and the elevation of the gate D, the gate C is opened to deliver water to the ship lock chamber 2, and when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate D and the elevation of the gate E, the gate D is opened to deliver water to the ship lock chamber 2).

When the water level of the lock chamber is level with the upstream water level, closing the gates A, B, C and D, opening the gates E1 and E2 to the water inlet of the water delivery culvert 1, and closing the gates E1 and E2 after the ship enters the lock chamber 2 from the upstream. And then, opening the gate G1 and the water delivery valve on the gate G2 to discharge the water in the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock to the downstream through the water delivery hole 11, closing the water delivery valve when the water level of the lock chamber is level with the downstream water level, opening the gates G1 and G2 to the corresponding niches 20, and enabling the ship to exit from the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock and enter a downstream river channel or a downstream approach channel.

When the ship goes from downstream to upstream, the water delivery valves on the gate G1 and the gate G2 are opened firstly, the downstream water is delivered to the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock through the water delivery hole 11, when the water level of the lock chamber is level with the downstream water level, the water delivery valves are closed, the gates G1 and G2 are opened, and after the ship enters the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock, the gates G1 and G2 are closed. And then inputting the upstream water into the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock layer by layer through the gate A, the gate B, the gate C and the gate D (when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate A and the elevation of the gate B, the gate A is opened to convey water to the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock, when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate B and the elevation of the gate C, the gate B is opened to convey water to the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock, when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate C and the elevation of the gate D, the gate C is opened to convey water to the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock, and when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate D and the elevation of the gate E, the gate D is opened to convey water to the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock).

When the water level of the lock chamber is level with the upstream water level, the gates A, B, C and D are closed, the gates E1 and E2 are transversely pulled to the inlets of the water delivery culverts 1 at two sides, and the ship is driven out of the lock chamber 2 and enters an upstream or upstream approach channel.

3. Layered water taking

When the water level is between the elevation of the gate A and the elevation of the gate E, layered water taking can be carried out, the gate A, the gate B, the gate C and the gate D series can be regarded as water taking openings, surface layer water under each water level can be obtained, the initial operation state of the gate is a water retaining working condition, namely the gate A, the gate B, the gate C and the gate D are closed, the gate E1 and the gate E2 are positioned in the middle of the two water conveying culverts 1, the gate F1 and the gate F2 are closed, and the gate G1 and the gate G2 are closed (reverse water retaining).

Before water is taken, the gates G1 and G2 are adjusted to adjust the included angle between the leaf and the niche 20 from 110 degrees to 70 degrees, namely the gate G1, the gate G2 is adjusted from the reverse water retaining state to the forward water retaining state, then the gates E1 and E2 are transversely pulled to the inlets of the water conveying culverts 1 at two sides, the upstream water enters the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock, after the water flow is stable, the gate F1, the gate F2 and the water intake gate under the corresponding water level condition are opened (when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate A and the elevation of the gate B, the gate A is opened, when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate B and the elevation of the gate C, the gate B is opened, when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate C and the elevation of the gate D, the gate C is opened, and when the upstream water level is between the elevation of the gate D and the elevation of the gate E, the gate D is opened).

Namely, the working state shown in fig. 7, at this time, the upstream water flows through the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock, enters the water delivery culvert 1 from the corresponding water intake in a layered manner, and finally, the upstream surface water can be obtained at the outlet of the culvert.

4. Draining water

Under the prerequisite that whole water conservancy pivot played the manger plate effect, if the water level lasts to rise, the spillway 3 of accessible both sides carries out the overflow sluicing, and the spillway adopts "S" type to arrange and the top layer installs flexible energy dissipation spare to adopt the template to strut flexible energy dissipation spare, when the flood is let off, flexible energy dissipation spare can play energy dissipation scour protection effect, makes rivers keep good flow state entering low reaches.

5. Flood discharge

When extra flood occurs, the gate A, the gate B, the gate C, the gate D, the gate F1 and the gate F2 are closed, the gates E1 and E2 are transversely pulled to the water inlet of the water delivery culvert 1, then the gates G1 and G2 are opened to the corresponding niche 20, namely, the working state shown in figure 8 is realized, and at the moment, the ship lock chamber 2 is also used as a flood passage.

6. Diversion of water

When water is drawn at the ultra-low water level, namely the upstream water level is below the elevation of the gate A, the gates F1 and F2 are opened, at the moment, the gate A, the gate B, the gate C and the gate D are closed, the gates E1 and E2 are positioned between the two water conveying culverts 1, namely the water inlet position of the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock, the gates G1 and G2 are closed (reverse water retaining), namely the working state shown in figure 9, and the ultra-low water level water drawing is realized through the two water conveying culverts 1.

When water is drawn at normal water level, namely layered water taking working condition, surface water at normal water level can be obtained at the water outlets of the two water conveying culverts 1 in a layered mode.

When water is drained at a high water level, the water conveying culvert 1 and the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock can be used for conveying water at the same time, at the moment, the gate A, the gate B, the gate C, the gate D, the gate E1 and the gate E2 are arranged at the water inlet of the two culverts 1, the gates F1 and F2 are opened, and the gates G1 and G2 are opened, namely, are arranged in the respective niches 20. At this time, the upstream water flow can be directly guided to the downstream through the lock chamber 2 of the ship lock on one hand, and can be guided to the downstream through the culvert through each water intake gate (gate A, gate B, gate C and gate D) above the culvert on the other hand.

In the comprehensive hydro-junction, the PLC 15 and the remote control end are used, so that the remote control of the whole hydro-junction is realized. When the hydro-junction normally operates, when one or more infrared sensors in the infrared sensor 18 monitor that water touches infrared rays, the highest infrared ray in the touched infrared rays can be automatically selected, data are transmitted to the PLC 15, meanwhile, the PLC 15 receives corresponding water level values and water pressure values transmitted by the water level sensor 17 and the water pressure sensor 19, all monitoring data are transmitted to the remote control end, and a worker sends an instruction through the remote control end to control the start-stop equipment to work. Simultaneously, the camera 8 is connected with the remote control end, so that the working state of the hydro-junction can be conveniently monitored by a worker in a remote mode.

In conclusion, the invention introduces a novel comprehensive hydro-junction, which has higher popularization and application values.

The invention has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain embodiments and examples, but is not limited thereto and all changes and modifications that can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (10)

1. A comprehensive water conservancy pivot is characterized by comprising two symmetrically arranged water delivery culverts, a ship lock chamber arranged between the two water delivery culverts, a water outlet gate of the ship lock chamber, a water inlet control gate of the water delivery culverts, a water outlet control gate of the water delivery culverts and a plurality of component layer water taking gates; the water inlet control gates of the water delivery culverts extend to the bottom plate of the other water delivery culvert from the bottom plate of one water delivery culvert through the bottom plate of the lock chamber of the ship lock, and the water inlet control gates of the two water delivery culverts slide to the lock chamber of the ship lock along the running tracks of the water inlet control gates and are also used as water inlet gates of the lock chamber of the ship lock; the elevation of the top surface of the water delivery culvert is reduced from the upstream side to the downstream side, a plurality of component layer water intake gates are arranged on the top surface of the water delivery culvert at intervals and correspond to water intake ports with different elevations, and the positions of the layered water intake gates on the top surfaces of the two water delivery culverts correspond.

2. An integrated hydro-junction according to claim 1 wherein spillways are provided on each side of the hydro-junction, the walls of the spillways being at the same elevation as the inlet control gates of the water delivery culverts.

3. The integrated hydro-junction according to claim 1 wherein a breast wall is provided above the outlet control gate of the water delivery culvert, the breast wall being at the same elevation as the inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert.

4. The integrated hydro-junction according to claim 1 wherein the outlet gate of the lock chamber is a bi-directional water retaining chevron gate, the gate leaf is angled at 70 ° from the niche for forward water retention and at 110 ° from the niche for reverse water retention.

5. An integrated hydro-junction according to claim 2 wherein the spillway is S-shaped with flexible energy dissipaters mounted on the surface.

6. An integrated hydro-junction according to claim 1 wherein the same set of layered water intake gates on the top of the same culvert share a single gate hoist between the same set of gates and the top of the culvert is provided with tracks for the layered water intake gates to move, and the gates are displaced towards or away from each other by the gate hoist.

7. The comprehensive water conservancy junction according to claim 1, wherein water level sensors for detecting water levels and infrared sensors for detecting water levels are arranged at the water intake ports with different elevations on the top surface of the water delivery culvert, water pressure sensors for detecting water pressures are arranged at the water intake port with the lowest elevation, each sensor is respectively connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), the PLC is connected with a remote control end, and the remote control end controls the operation of an opening and closing machine of each gate.

8. The comprehensive hydro-junction according to claim 7, wherein the water inlet of the conveying culvert controls a gate, the rear section of a gate pier of the gate pier is provided with a camera, and the camera is connected with a remote control end through a PLC (programmable logic controller) so as to monitor the working condition.

9. An integrated hydro-junction according to claim 1 wherein each gate is provided with a water stop rubber.

10. A method of operating an integrated hydro-junction according to claim 1 including the steps of:

1) water retaining device

When water is retained, all layered water taking gates are closed, the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert is used as a ship lock chamber water inlet gate, the water outlet control gate of the water delivery culvert is closed, and the ship lock chamber water outlet gate is closed;

2) navigation

When the upstream water level is between the elevation of the bottommost water intake and the elevation of the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert, the water conservancy junction allows navigation of the ship, and the initial operation state is a water retaining working condition;

a. when the ship goes from upstream to downstream, water is supplied to the lock chamber of the ship lock through the layered water taking gate;

when the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is level with the upstream water level, the layered water taking gate is closed, the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert is closed, the water inlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock is opened, and after the ship enters the lock chamber of the ship lock from the upstream, the water inlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock is closed;

then opening a water delivery valve of a water outlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock, discharging water in the lock chamber of the ship lock to the downstream through a water delivery hole, closing the water delivery valve when the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is flush with the downstream water level, opening the water outlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock, and enabling the ship to run out of the lock chamber of the ship lock and enter a downstream or downstream navigation channel;

b. when a ship moves from the downstream to the upstream, firstly, opening a water delivery valve of a water outlet gate of a lock chamber of the ship lock, delivering downstream water to the lock chamber of the ship lock through a water delivery hole, closing the water delivery valve when the water level of the lock chamber is level with the downstream water level, opening the water outlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock, and closing the water outlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock after the ship moves into the lock chamber of the ship lock;

then, inputting the upstream water into a lock chamber of the ship lock in a layering way through a layering water intake gate;

when the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is level with the upstream water level, the layered water intake gate is closed, the water inlet gate of the lock chamber of the ship lock is transversely pulled, and the ship can run out of the lock chamber of the ship lock and enter an upstream or upstream approach channel;

3) layered water taking

When the water level is between the elevation of the lowest water intake and the elevation of the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert, layered water taking can be carried out, the initial operation state of the hydraulic junction is a water retaining working condition, the water inlet control gate of the water delivery culvert is closed, so that upstream water enters the lock chamber of the ship lock, after the water flow is stabilized, the water outlet control gate of the water delivery culvert is opened, the water taking gate under the corresponding water level condition is opened, the upstream water flow enters the water delivery culvert from the corresponding water intake layer by layer through the lock chamber of the ship lock at the moment, and finally, the upstream surface water is obtained at the outlet of the water delivery culvert.

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