CN111993123B

CN111993123B - Clamp for machining half shaft flange hole and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111993123B
Application number: CN202010823972.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李春燕; 吴俊杰; 杜秋妍; 郑晓慧; 耿其东
Original assignee: Yancheng Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Taizhou Jiusheng Metal Product Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-17
Filing date: 2020-08-17
Publication date: 2023-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-17
Also published as: CN111993123A

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamp for machining a half shaft flange hole and a using method thereof, and belongs to the field of half shaft flange machining auxiliary equipment. It comprises a machine tool sliding table; still including removing end and stiff end, remove the end and include: the support is fixed at one end of the upper surface of the machine tool sliding table; the centre I fixing frame is arranged on the support and is provided with a centre I driving part and a centre I, and the centre I driving part drives the centre I to perform telescopic motion along the direction vertical to the X axis; and a first support plate; the fixed end includes: the fixed seat is fixed on the machine tool, a second centre driving piece and a second centre are arranged on the fixed seat, and the second centre driving piece drives the second centre to perform telescopic motion along the direction vertical to the X axis; the first centre and the second centre are positioned on the same horizontal plane. The clamp can position and correct the placed half shaft flange to be in a horizontal state through the two centers on the movable end and the fixed end, not only can realize the horizontal positioning of the half shaft flange, but also can not interfere the operation of the cutter during hole processing, and ensures that the accurate processing is carried out efficiently.

Description

Clamp for machining half shaft flange hole and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of auxiliary equipment for machining half-shaft flanges, and particularly relates to a clamp for machining half-shaft flange holes and a using method thereof.

Background

The half shaft flange is an important part on an automobile transmission, and with the rise of the manufacturing industry, the requirement of vehicles is expanded, and the requirement of the half shaft flange is also expanded. The machining of the flange hole is an important machining step of the flange. The common processing modes in the market at present are as follows: 1. free forging, namely gradually forging the blank into a required workpiece through some basic deformation processes; 2. die forging, wherein the die forging process through a horizontal forging machine comprises the following steps: blanking, heating, pre-forging, final forging, punching and skin-connecting, trimming and the like, wherein the blank is designed according to the upsetting and gathering rule strictly during processing, and the blank is not full or the material is slightly more bulged during production if the blank has slight deviation; however, only regular holes with low precision can be machined by the two methods, which are far from holes required by the market, and the drilling and reaming of holes with certain taper is more difficult.

The existing manufacturers adopt numerical control machines to process the holes of the half-axle flanges, the half-axle flanges are required to be processed with eight parts which are positioned on the flange plates, the holes are taper holes, chamfers are arranged on the eight parts, the half-axle flanges with different models are usually unchanged in the flange plates, the axle diameters and the axle lengths of the axle bodies are changed, if the half-axle flanges are processed by the numerical control machines, a specific clamp is required to be arranged to stably fix the half-axle flanges, if the processing precision is required to be ensured, the fixing direction of the half-axle flanges is required to be corrected, but the existing clamp for processing the half-axle flanges has unsatisfactory fixing and correcting effects on the half-axle flanges.

Through retrieval, the Chinese patent publication number: CN 109794809A; the publication date is as follows: 24 months 05 in 2019; the utility model discloses a processing semi-axis flange hole and screw hole duplex position lathe, including lathe bed, stand, cross slip table, spindle unit, tool magazine and anchor clamps, anchor clamps include two anchor clamps units about spindle unit symmetry setting, and two anchor clamps units all include location thimble mechanism and work piece clamping mechanism, and location thimble mechanism and work piece clamping mechanism set up on the base side by side, and location thimble mechanism includes first hydro-cylinder, aversion support, second hydro-cylinder and location thimble. Although the lathe of this application can realize the spot facing work to the semi-axis flange, but this machine tool anchor clamps's structural design makes the semi-axis flange can only install fixedly through the manual work, and is comparatively time-consuming, and the machining precision after the clamping can't guarantee.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a jig for machining a flange hole of an axle shaft, including:

the machine tool sliding table is a platform which is movably connected on the machine tool and translates along the X-axis direction of the machine tool;

the device also comprises a movable end and a fixed end;

the mobile terminal includes:

the support is fixed at one end of the upper surface of the machine tool sliding table;

the centre I fixing frame is arranged on the support and is provided with a centre I driving part and a centre I, the centre I driving part is fixedly connected with the centre I fixing frame, the centre I is movably connected with the centre I fixing frame, and the centre I driving part drives the centre I to perform telescopic motion along the direction vertical to the X axis; and:

the first supporting plate is fixed to the other end of the upper surface of the machine tool sliding table, a guide limiting groove is formed in the top end of the first supporting plate in a downward mode, and the guide limiting groove is in a closed shape from top to bottom;

the fixed end includes:

the fixed seat is fixed on the machine tool, a second centre driving piece and a second centre are arranged on the fixed seat, the second centre driving piece is fixedly connected with the fixed seat, the second centre is movably connected with the fixed seat, and the second centre driving piece drives the second centre to perform telescopic motion along the direction vertical to the X axis;

the first tip and the second tip are positioned on the same horizontal plane.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the clamp for processing the hole of the half shaft flange optionally further comprises a corner cylinder, wherein the corner cylinder is fixed on one side of the supporting plate, which is far away from the top fixing frame, and after the half shaft flange is placed in place on the moving end, the flange plate of the half shaft flange is fixed by the corner cylinder.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the clamp for machining the flange hole of the half shaft optionally further comprises a first floating supporting block, the first floating supporting block is arranged on one side of the first supporting plate, which is close to the first tip fixing frame, and the first floating supporting block comprises:

the first fixing block is fixed on one side surface of the supporting plate;

the first floating plate is movably arranged above the first fixed block;

the first spring is arranged between the first floating plate and the first fixed block, and two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted against the first floating plate and the first fixed block;

and the first limiting rod vertically and downwards sequentially penetrates through the first floating plate, the middle part of the first spring and the first fixing block to limit the first floating plate, so that the first floating plate only moves up and down along the first limiting rod.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the clamp for machining the flange hole of the half shaft optionally further comprises a floating support block II which is arranged on a support between the floating support block I and the support, wherein the floating support block II comprises:

the second support plate is vertically arranged and fixedly connected with the support;

the second fixing block is fixed on one side of the second support plate;

the floating plate II is movably arranged above the fixed block II;

the second spring is arranged between the second floating plate and the second fixed block, and two ends of the second spring are respectively abutted against the second floating plate and the second fixed block;

and the second limiting rod vertically and downwards sequentially penetrates through the second floating plate, the middle part of the second spring and the second fixing block to limit the second floating plate, so that the second floating plate only moves up and down along the second limiting rod.

According to the clamp for machining the flange hole of the half shaft, provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, V-shaped grooves are formed in the tops of the first floating plate and the second floating plate.

According to the clamp for machining the flange hole of the half shaft, optionally, a fixing frame of the tip is movably connected with the support; further comprising:

and the adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the support and the tip fixing frame, the length direction of the adjusting screw is arranged along the direction vertical to the X axis, and the tip fixing frame is controlled to move along the direction vertical to the X axis through the adjusting screw.

According to another aspect of the invention, the use method of the clamp for machining the half-shaft flange hole is provided, and the steps are as follows:

1. placing half shaft flanges: the machine tool sliding table moves to a position where the first tip and the second tip are located on the same straight line, the position is a half shaft flange mounting position, the half shaft flange is placed on the moving end, the flange plate portion is located between the second tip and the first supporting plate, and the shaft body portion is placed on the first floating plate and the second floating plate;

2. fixing a half shaft flange: the first center driving piece and the second center driving piece are started to respectively drive the first center and the second center to extend out and abut against a center hole in the end face of the flange of the half shaft, and the corner cylinder is started to press the flange part on one side face of the supporting plate;

3. moving and processing: the center II driving piece drives the center II to retract, the machine tool sliding table moves to the machining position of the machine tool, and the semi-axis flange is machined;

4. taking out a product: and moving the machine tool sliding table to a half-shaft flange mounting and taking position, releasing the compression of the corner cylinder on the flange plate, driving the center to retract by a driving part of the center, and taking out the half-shaft flange after the hole is machined.

Advantageous effects

(1) According to the clamp for processing the half shaft flange, the placed half shaft flange can be positioned and corrected to be in a horizontal state through the two centers on the movable end and the fixed end, and then the half shaft flange is stably fixed on the clamp through the corner cylinder and the center I, so that the horizontal positioning and fixing of the half shaft flange can be realized, the interference on the operation of the tool during hole processing can be avoided, and the accurate processing is ensured to be effectively carried out;

(2) According to the clamp for processing the half-shaft flange, the half-shaft flange can be stably supported after being placed through the arrangement of the first floating supporting block and the second floating supporting block, and the falling force of the half-shaft flange can be buffered;

(3) According to the clamp for processing the half shaft flange, the V-shaped groove structures formed above the first floating plate and the second floating plate are suitable for placing the half shaft flanges with different shaft diameters, and meanwhile, the placing positions of the half shaft flanges can be automatically centered, so that the labor consumption is further reduced, and the automation degree is improved;

(4) The clamp for machining the half-shaft flange is provided with the adjusting screw rod to adjust the movement of the fixing frame of the center, so that the clamp can be conveniently fixed according to the lengths of shaft bodies of half-shaft flanges of different models, the application range of the clamp is enlarged, and the machining range of a machine tool is enlarged;

(5) According to the clamp for processing the half shaft flange, for the half shaft flanges of different models, different shaft body diameters can be centered through the first floating block, the second floating block and the V-shaped grooves formed in the first floating block and the second floating block, the first floating block and the second floating block are positioned by two tops, horizontal clamping and fixing are finally completed, different shaft body lengths can be adapted through adjusting the adjusting screw rods, manual correction and positioning are not needed in the placing process of the half shaft flange, the half shaft flange can be automatically horizontally corrected and fixed by means of structural characteristics, labor consumption is reduced, and the automation degree of a machine tool is improved;

(6) According to the application method of the clamp for machining the half shaft flange, the half shaft flange is only placed on the clamp, centering, positioning and fixing can be achieved without excessive manual interference, the automation degree is high, the fixing is stable and reliable, the positioning is accurate, and the machining efficiency and the machining precision of the half shaft flange hole are greatly improved.

Drawings

To illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, and are not to limit the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a front view of a half-shaft flange hole drilling and reaming machine tool;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the half-axle flange hole drilling and reaming machine;

FIG. 3 shows a side view of the half axle flange hole drilling and reaming machine;

FIG. 4 shows a top view of the servo slide;

FIG. 5 shows a side view of the servo slide;

FIG. 6 shows a main view cross-section of the servo sled;

FIG. 7 is a main perspective sectional view of the half-axle flange hole machining jig of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a top cross-sectional view of the half-axle flange hole machining jig of the invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a corner cylinder as a flange fastening mechanism in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a structure of a floating support block in the jig for machining a flange hole of a half shaft according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a floating support block at two positions in the jig for machining the flange hole of the half shaft according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 shows a schematic view of a half-shaft flange configuration;

FIG. 13 shows a schematic view of a half-axle flange portion;

FIG. 14 is a side view of a half axle flange portion;

FIG. 15 shows a schematic view of a drill bit;

FIG. 16 shows a schematic view of a cone reamer;

fig. 17 shows a schematic diagram of a machine-clamped reverse chamfer cutter.

Reference numerals:

1. a base;

2. a servo sliding table; 20. an X-axis drive unit; 200. a speed reducer; 201. a coupling; 21. a first screw rod; 210. a slider; 22. a first wire rail; 23. a machine tool slide table; 24. a front bracket; 240. a front flange; 241. a spacer sleeve; 242. finely adjusting the handle end; 25. a rear bracket; 250. a rear flange;

3. a column; 30. a Y-axis drive unit;

4. a main spindle box; 40. a Z-axis drive unit;

5. a tool magazine; 50. a drill bit; 51. a tapered reamer; 52. a machine-clamped reverse chamfering tool;

6. the half axle flange is processed and used the clamp; 60. a support; 600. a fixing frame of the centre; 601. a driving part of the center; 602. a first tip; 603. adjusting the screw rod; 61. a first support plate; 610. a guide limit groove; 62. a first floating supporting block; 620. a first floating plate; 621. a first fixed block; 622. a first spring; 623. a first limiting rod; 63. a second floating supporting block; 630. a second support plate; 6300. an avoidance groove; 631. a second floating plate; 632. a second fixed block; 633. a second spring; 634. a second limiting rod; 64. a corner cylinder;

7. a fixed seat; 70. a center two driving part; 71. a second centre;

8. a half-shaft flange; 80. a flange plate; 800. holes need to be processed; 81. a shaft body.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

Example 1

The anchor clamps are used in half axle flange spot facing work of this embodiment includes:

the machine tool sliding table 23 is a platform which is movably connected on the machine tool and translates along the X-axis direction of the machine tool;

the device also comprises a movable end and a fixed end;

the mobile terminal includes:

a support 60 fixed to one end of the upper surface of the machine tool slide table 23;

the first centre fixing frame 600 is arranged on the support 60, and is provided with a first centre driving part 601 and a first centre 602, the first centre driving part 601 is fixedly connected with the first centre fixing frame 600, the first centre 602 is movably connected with the first centre fixing frame 600, and the first centre driving part 601 drives the first centre 602 to perform telescopic motion along the direction vertical to the X axis; and:

the first support plate 61 is fixed to the other end of the upper surface of the machine tool sliding table 23, a guide limiting groove 610 is formed in the top end of the first support plate 61 downwards, and the guide limiting groove 610 is in a closed shape from top to bottom;

the fixed end includes:

the fixed seat 7 is fixed on the machine tool, a second centre driving part 70 and a second centre 71 are arranged on the fixed seat 7, the second centre driving part 70 is fixedly connected with the fixed seat 7, the second centre 71 is movably connected with the fixed seat 7, and the second centre driving part 70 drives the second centre 71 to perform telescopic motion along the direction vertical to the X axis;

the first centre 602 and the second centre 71 are on the same horizontal plane.

The numerical control machine tool is adopted to process the hole of the half-shaft flange 8, if the processing precision and the processing efficiency are required to be ensured, the half-shaft flange 8 must be stably clamped, and the length direction of the half-shaft flange is ensured to be parallel to the direction of a cutter, in the embodiment, the cutter is horizontally arranged and is in the Y-axis direction vertical to the X-axis direction, therefore, the length direction of the half-shaft flange 8 to be processed needs to be horizontal and parallel to the Y-axis direction in the hole processing process, namely, the direction of the X-axis is vertical to the X-axis direction, and aiming at the problem, the clamp 6 for processing the half-shaft flange comprises:

as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the movable end of the clamp 6 for machining the half-axle flange is arranged on the machine tool sliding table 23, the fixed seat 7 of the fixed end is matched with the movable end to clamp the half-axle flange 8 to be machined, and a cutter is required to be machined at the position of the flange plate 80 of the half-axle flange 8, so that a tip structure moving along with the movable end is not suitable to be adopted at the position for positioning, therefore, the fixed seat 7 is arranged at the position which does not interfere with the cutter and is fixed on the base 1 of the machine tool beside the upright post 2 of the machine tool, the height of the support 60 of the embodiment is adjustable, the height of the tip-fixing frame 600 is convenient to adjust, the first tip 602 and the second tip 71 on the fixed seat are at the same horizontal height, and the horizontal planes of the first tip 602 and the second tip 71 are parallel to the horizontal plane of the X-axis Y axis, therefore, the accurate positioning of the fixed horizontal position of the clamped half shaft flange 8 to be processed can be ensured, tip holes are generally formed in the end faces of two ends of the half shaft flange 8 as shown in fig. 12, when the machine tool sliding table 23 moves to the state that the first tip 602 and the second tip 71 are in the same straight line, namely the first tip 602 is opposite to the second tip 71, the moving end is located at the assembling position of the half shaft flange 8, the half shaft flange 8 is placed at the assembling position, the half shaft flange 8 is placed in the guide limiting groove 610 formed in the first support plate 61, the half shaft flange 8 is easy to place due to the opening shape of the guide limiting groove 610, the two tips can be controlled to extend out through the servo motor and abut against the tip holes in the two end faces of the half shaft flange 8 after being placed, so that the half shaft flange 8 is fixed, and the first tip driving piece 601 and the second tip driving piece 70 are both servo motors;

furthermore, after the two apexes abut against the apex holes of the half-shaft flange 8, the horizontal positioning and fixing of the half-shaft flange 8 are completed, but since the fixing seat 7 is fixed on the base 1 and cannot move, and the flange plate 80 of the half-shaft flange 8 needs to be processed with holes, the position of the apex two 71 naturally interferes with the normal processing track of the tool, so that the fixing seat 7 needs to be separated from the half-shaft flange 8 after completing the auxiliary positioning of the half-shaft flange 8, and therefore, a fastening mechanism is needed to fasten the flange plate part of the half-shaft flange 8, on one hand, the horizontal position state of the half-shaft flange 8 is maintained, on the other hand, the position of the half-shaft flange 8 in the hole processing process is prevented from shifting, in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the clamp 6 for processing the half-shaft flange further comprises a corner cylinder 64 which is fixed on the side of the supporting plate one 61 away from the apex-fixing frame 600, and after the half-shaft flange 8 is placed in place on the moving end, the corner cylinder 64 fixes the flange 80 of the half-shaft flange 8.

The corner cylinder 64 is a common fastening mechanism in the prior art, the mounting space is saved, the clamping speed is high, when the half-shaft flange 8 is fixed by the first center 602 and the second center 71, the corner cylinder 64 is started, the pressing arm is rotated to the front of the flange plate 80 and pressed down, the flange plate 80 is pressed on the side surface of the first support plate 61, the second center 71 can be retracted, and the corner cylinder 64 is matched with the first center 602 to horizontally fix the half-shaft flange 8; before the half shaft flange 8 is placed, the pressing arm of the corner cylinder 64 can rotate to a position where the flange plate 80 is not interfered, so that the taking and placing of the half shaft flange 8 are not affected, and in the embodiment, four corner cylinders 64 are arranged, and the position arrangement is shown in fig. 9.

Example 2

The semi-axis flange hole of this embodiment adds clamping apparatus for spot facing work on the basis of embodiment 1 and further improves, still includes a supporting shoe 62 that floats, and it is located a backup pad 61 and is close to top a mount 600 one side, and a supporting shoe 62 that floats includes:

the first fixing block 621 is fixed on the side surface of the first support plate 61;

the first floating plate 620 is movably arranged above the first fixed block 621;

the first spring 622 is arranged between the first floating plate 620 and the first fixed block 621, and two ends of the first spring 622 are respectively abutted against the first floating plate 620 and the first fixed block 621;

and the first limiting rod 623 vertically and downwards penetrates through the first floating plate 620, the middle part of the first spring 622 and the first fixing block 621 in sequence to limit the first floating plate 620, so that the first floating plate 620 only moves up and down along the first limiting rod 623.

Place on moving the end at semi-axis flange 8, when top is not fixed its butt, only rely on backup pad 61 can't directly effectively support semi-axis flange 8, probably still need be assisted with manual support, nevertheless can increase the human consumption like this, reduce machining efficiency, and to this, this embodiment has carried out further improvement to moving the end structure:

the first floating support block 62 of the present embodiment is, as shown in fig. 10, disposed on one side of the first support plate 61, after the axle flange 8 is placed, the axle body 81 at one end of the flange plate 80 enters the guide limiting groove 610 and then contacts the first floating plate 620, and the first floating plate 620 is supported by the first spring 622 to buffer the falling force of the axle flange 8 and partially support the axle body 81.

Further, it also includes a second floating supporting block 63, which is disposed on the supporting seat 60 between the first floating supporting block 62 and the supporting seat 60, wherein the second floating supporting block 63 includes:

a second support plate 630 vertically arranged and fixedly connected with the support 60;

a second fixing block 632 fixed to one side of the second support plate 630;

the second floating plate 631 is movably arranged above the second fixed block 632;

a second spring 633 which is arranged between the second floating plate 631 and the second fixed block 632, and two ends of the second spring 633 are respectively abutted against the second floating plate 631 and the second fixed block 632;

and the second limit rod 634 vertically and downwards sequentially penetrates through the middle parts of the second floating plate 631, the second spring 633 and the second fixed block 632 to limit the second floating plate 631, so that the second floating plate 631 only moves up and down along the second limit rod 634.

Similarly, as shown in fig. 11, in the floating support block ii 63 of the present embodiment, an avoiding groove 6300 is formed at the top of the support plate ii 630, the shaft body 81 at one end of the half shaft flange 8, which is far away from the flange plate 80, contacts with the floating plate ii 631 after entering the avoiding groove 6300, the floating plate ii 631 is supported by the spring ii 633, the falling force of the half shaft flange 8 is buffered, and the other part of the shaft body 81 is supported, and the level heights of the floating plate i 620 and the floating plate ii 631 are the same, the level heights of the spring i 622 and the spring ii 633 are the same, the level heights of the limit rod i 623 and the limit rod ii 634 are the same, and the level heights of the fixing block i 621 and the fixing block ii 632 are the same, thereby further ensuring the level state after the half shaft flange 8 is placed.

Example 3

The clamp for machining the flange hole of the half shaft is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 2, and V-shaped grooves are formed in the tops of the first floating plate 620 and the second floating plate 631.

Because the half axle flange 8 has multiple model, but its ring flange 80 part of the half axle flange 8 of different models is the same, it is different to lie in axis body 81 length or diameter, all set up V type groove at floating plate one 620 and two 631 tops to the axis body 81 this embodiment of different diameters, the axis body 81 of placing on the one hand leads, the axis body 81 that adapts to multiple diameter of axle makes its homoenergetic finally stably place in V type groove central line position on the one hand, assistance-localization real-time, make things convenient for the tight of supporting of follow-up top mechanism to the half axle flange 8, the floatable floating plate one 620 of this embodiment, two 631, cooperate the V type groove on it, can be applicable to the effective centre gripping of multiple signal half axle flange 8 fixedly.

Through the removal end structural design of this embodiment, the step consumption of saving artifical calibration centre gripping that can be very big, only need will wait to process semi-axis flange 8 and place in direction spacing groove 610 top, dodge groove 6300 top, through the assistance of V type groove and unsteady board 620 and unsteady board two 631, can make semi-axis flange 8 rectify to V type groove central line position by oneself, the horizontal location to semi-axis flange 8 can be accomplished to two top of rethread servo motor drive, it is tight through corner jar 64 clamp at last, because whole process need not artifical correction position, can realize semi-axis flange 8's location through structural feature completely, therefore, semi-axis flange 8's dress is got and is gone on automatically completely through the manipulator, and need not sensor such as too much laser positioning to assist, constitute through low-cost structure and realized high automatic control, practice thrift manpower consumption greatly, and the precision is guaranteed.

Is different from the prior patent publication No. CN 109794809A; publication date 2019, 05 month 24; the double-station machine tool for machining the half shaft flange hole and the threaded hole is disclosed, although the machine tool of the application can machine the half shaft flange hole, the clamp design of the machine tool enables the clamping operation to be only manually carried out, as no auxiliary positioning correction mechanism exists on the application, the precision and the assembly success degree of the automatic assembly method adopting a mechanical arm and the like cannot be guaranteed, and the numerical control program coordinate is required to be corrected before machining.

Example 4

The clamp for processing the flange hole of the half shaft is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 3, and the tip-fixing frame 600 is movably connected with the support 60; further comprising:

and the adjusting screw 603 is in threaded connection with the support 60 and the tip-fixing frame 600, the length direction of the adjusting screw 603 is arranged along the direction vertical to the X axis, and the tip-fixing frame 600 is controlled to move along the direction vertical to the X axis through the adjusting screw 603.

Because the length of the shaft body 81 of the half-shaft flange 8 of different types is changed, in this embodiment, the position of the center-fixing frame 600 is adjustable, that is, the distance between the center-fixing frame 600 and the fixing seat 7 is adjustable, as shown in fig. 7, the adjusting screw 603 passes through the support 60 and is in threaded connection with the bottom of the center-fixing frame 600, the support 60 is provided with a groove for limiting the movement of the center-fixing frame 600 along the direction parallel to the Y axis (that is, the direction perpendicular to the X axis), the adjusting screw 603 is equivalent to a screw rod transmission structure, the rotation is converted into the linear motion of the center-fixing frame 600 screwed with the adjusting screw 603 by rotating the adjusting screw, and under the limitation of the upper groove of the support 60, the center-fixing frame 600 can be controlled to move along the direction parallel to the Y axis, so that the half-shaft flange 8 of different types can be adapted to the adjustment, and the application range of the clamp can be ensured.

Example 5

The application method of the clamp for machining the half shaft flange hole comprises the following steps:

1. placing half shaft flanges: the machine tool sliding table 23 moves to a position where the first center 602 and the second center 71 are in the same straight line, the position is used for installing and taking the half shaft flange 8, the half shaft flange 8 is placed on the moving end, the flange plate 80 is partially positioned between the second center 71 and the first support plate 61, and the shaft body 81 is partially arranged on the first floating plate 620 and the second floating plate 631;

2. fixing a half shaft flange: starting a first center driving piece 601 and a second center driving piece 70, respectively driving a first center 602 and a second center 71 to extend out and abut against a center hole on the end face of the half shaft flange 8, starting the corner cylinder 64, and pressing part of the flange plate 80 on the side face of the first support plate 61;

3. moving and processing: the center second driving part 70 drives the center second 71 to retract, and the machine tool sliding table 23 moves to the machining position of the machine tool to machine the semi-axis flange 8;

4. taking out a product: and (3) moving the machine tool sliding table 23 to the half-shaft flange 8 mounting and taking position, releasing the compression of the corner cylinder 64 on the flange plate 80, driving the center I602 to retract by the center I driving piece 601, and taking out the half-shaft flange 8 after the hole is machined.

The use method of this embodiment, only place half axle flange 8 on anchor clamps, need not too much manual interference and can realize centering, location and fixed, degree of automation is high and fixed reliable and stable, and the location is accurate, very big improvement half axle flange hole machining efficiency, and machining precision.

Example 6

The drilling and reaming machine tool based on the clamp for machining the flange hole of the half shaft comprises a base 1;

the machine tool sliding table 23 is movably connected to the base 1;

the X-axis driving unit 20 is arranged on the base 1 and drives the machine tool sliding table 23 to translate along the X-axis direction;

the upright post 3 is movably connected to the base 1;

the Y-axis driving unit 30 is arranged on the base 1 and drives the upright post 3 to translate along the Y-axis direction;

the main shaft box 4 is movably connected with one side of the upright post 3 and used for fixing and driving a cutter for processing the half shaft flange 8;

a Z-axis driving unit 40 which is arranged on the upright post 3 and drives the main spindle box 4 to lift along the Z-axis direction;

the tool magazine 5 is arranged on one side of the upright post 3, and a tool is arranged in the tool magazine 5;

the clamp 6 for processing the half shaft flange is fixed on the machine tool sliding table 23 and the base 1, and the half shaft flange 8 is placed and fixed on the clamp;

the X-axis driving unit 20, the Y-axis driving unit 30, and the Z-axis driving unit 40 are all driven by servo motors.

At present, half axle flange 8 carries out flange hole processing time consuming on the market, the labour demand is big, and the precision is generally not high, many manufacturers want to adopt the digit control machine tool to carry out the spot facing work of half axle flange 8, eight holes of processing need altogether on the ring flange 80 of a half axle flange 8, the tradition mode may be with eight drill bits simultaneous processing, machining efficiency is high, but because the distance is less between the hole site, be difficult to guarantee the machining precision, and the processing cutter handle of a knife is placed very difficultly, therefore the applicant considers making the improvement to the processing scheme: firstly, the method is divided into two working steps, and four holes are processed in a staggered mode in one working step, but the scheme not only increases the processing time, but also increases a set of tool, so that the cost is increased; secondly, a group of cutters is used for processing one hole, and then another hole is processed by changing positions, the scheme needs to change the cutter at a certain hole position, automatic cutter changing is not easy to adopt, and manual cutter changing efficiency is low, so that the method is not suitable for popularization and application; thirdly, eight holes are sequentially machined by one cutter, then the eight holes are sequentially machined by another cutter, so that the cutters can be changed at fixed positions, the cutters are conveniently automatically changed by the cutter base 5, the machining efficiency can be guaranteed, the machining precision is guaranteed, the labor consumption is low, the cutters need to be positioned for three times, the requirement on the repeated positioning precision of the cutters is very high, the three cutters need to be concentric, and the difficulty is very high, so that the drilling and reaming machine tool is designed to be suitable for the scheme.

In the drilling and reaming machine tool of the embodiment, the X axis and the Y axis are mutually vertical and are both parallel to the horizontal plane, and the Z axis is vertical to the X axis and the Y axis.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the half-shaft flange 8 to be machined is placed on the moving end and fixed by the half-shaft flange machining clamp 6, more specifically, the half-shaft flange 8 to be machined is fixed in a direction parallel to the Y axis by the half-shaft flange machining clamp 6, that is, the length direction of the half-shaft flange 8 to be machined is parallel to the Y axis direction, the X-axis driving unit 20 drives the machine tool sliding table 23 to translate along the X axis direction to drive the half-shaft flange 8 to be machined on the moving end to translate, machining can be performed when the half-shaft flange is translated to the position of the main spindle box 4, the Z-axis driving unit 40 drives the main spindle box 4 to lift along the Z axis direction to drive the Z-axis direction movement of the cutter connected to the main spindle box in a transmission manner, the Y-axis driving unit 30 drives the upright column 3 to translate along the Y axis direction to drive the cutter to perform the Y-axis movement, further, components used for providing driving force on the X, Y and Z-axis driving units are all servo motors, and the servo motors are characterized by stable response, stable torque, and the like, and the transmission distance is very accurate, and the high-precision of the cutter positioning of the half-shaft flange can meet the requirement of the machining method for achieving the quick machining of the machine tool;

furthermore, the upright column 3 is one of important structural components of the machine tool and plays a role in up-and-down movement and supporting of a main spindle box 4 in the machine tool, the upright column 3 is made of HT250, the material is good in strength, wear resistance and heat resistance, good in vibration reduction performance and excellent in casting performance, a servo motor for driving the upright column 3 to move along the Y-axis direction is fixed on the base 1 and is used for transmission through a screw rod, and the upright column 3 is in transmission connection with the screw rod; a linear rail is vertically arranged on the edge of one side face, close to the machine tool sliding table 23, of the upright post 3, the spindle box 4 is connected to the linear rail in a sliding mode, a servo motor used for driving the spindle box 4 to ascend and descend along the Z axis is fixed to the top of the upright post 3 and is in transmission connection with the spindle box 4 through a screw rod, and a stop block is arranged at the lowest end of the linear rail, so that the machine tool is prevented from being damaged or even unnecessarily damaged due to the fact that the spindle box 4 is too fast in movement speed; in the embodiment, the main shaft box 4 consists of a box body, a toothed belt wheel, a flange, a support and a main shaft, the support supports the whole main shaft box, the belt wheel drives the main shaft to rotate, and the main shaft box 4 is driven to move on the upright post 3 through the accurate control of a servo motor, so that the relative movement of the processed half shaft flange on a Z axis is realized, and the automatic tool changing is more conveniently realized; because the flange hole shape in the half axle flange 8 requires, need three cutters to process respectively at least and just can accomplish the process, so this embodiment has set up tool magazine 5, accomplish automatic tool changing through the numerical control, tool magazine 5 locates stand 3 one side, the top of headstock 4, after the processing of a cutter is accomplished, drive through servo motor, headstock 4 moves up to the tool changing position after the tool changing, continue to descend and process, need not to go the tool setting again in this in-process, under the accurate control of each servo motor of this embodiment, only through numerical control programming control can accomplish the accurate processing overall process in half axle flange hole.

The half-shaft flange hole drilling and reaming machine tool of the embodiment is a numerical control machine tool, and comprises other components for realizing basic functions of the numerical control machine tool, such as an electrical system, a hydraulic system, a cooling system, a chip removal system, a numerical control system and the like, in addition to the above structure.

Example 7

The drilling and reaming machine tool based on the half-shaft flange hole machining clamp of the embodiment is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 6, and the X-axis driving unit 20 comprises:

the first screw rod 21 is in transmission connection with a servo motor of the X-axis driving unit 20 and is arranged along the X-axis direction, and a sliding block 210 is in threaded connection with the first screw rod 21;

the first linear rail 22 is parallel to the first screw rod 21 and is arranged on the bases 1 at two sides of the first screw rod 21;

the front bracket 24 is fixed on the base 1 and is connected with one end of the first screw rod 21, which is far away from the servo motor;

the rear bracket 25 is fixed on the base 1 and is connected with one end of the first screw rod 21 close to the servo motor;

the front bracket 24 and the rear bracket 25 limit the length direction of the first screw rod 21 in the X-axis direction;

the machine tool sliding table 23 is in a platform shape, is connected with the first wire rail 22 in a sliding mode and is connected with the sliding block 210 in a transmission mode.

The X-axis driving unit 20 and the machine tool sliding table 23 form the servo sliding table 2, the structure of the servo sliding table 2 is shown in fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, the X-axis driving unit 20 of the servo sliding table 2 is integrally fixed on the base 1, the machine tool sliding table 23 is driven to slide along the X-axis direction on a first linear rail 22 of the X-axis driving unit 20, a servo motor for providing driving force in the X-axis direction is in transmission connection with the first lead screw 21 through a speed reducer 200 and a coupler 201, two ends of the first lead screw 21 are horizontally supported on the base 1 through the front support 24 and the rear support 25, displacement of the first lead screw 21 in other directions is limited, and the first lead screw 21 can only rotate under driving, furthermore, the front end of the first lead screw 21 is connected with the front support 24 through a front flange 240, the rear end of the first lead screw 21 is connected with the rear support 25 through a rear flange 250, stable connection of the first lead screw 21 is ensured through the front and the rear flange, so that safety of the machine tool during working is ensured, further, a handle end 242 is also provided at the front end of the first lead screw 21, a fine adjustment handle can be installed, a fine adjustment handle can be used for carrying out fine adjustment on the position of the machine tool sliding table 23, a fine adjustment handle sleeve 241 is provided, and damage to the fine adjustment sleeve can be effectively reduced, and damage of the guide sleeve is effectively during the use of the slide table 241 during the working process of the slide table.

Example 8

The drilling and reaming machine tool based on the clamp for machining the flange hole of the half shaft of the embodiment is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 7, and the tool magazine 5 at least comprises a drill 50, a tapered reamer 51 and a machine-clamped reverse chamfer cutter 52.

As shown in fig. 12, 13 and 14, eight holes 800 to be processed are formed in the flange plate 80 of the axle flange 8, and the holes 800 to be processed are tapered holes and chamfers, so that in order to process the holes 800 to be processed, the machine tool magazine 5 needs to drill holes with the drill 50, taper ream holes with the taper reamer 51 and chamfer holes with the machine-clamped reverse chamfer cutter 52, more specifically, the drill 50 of the present embodiment is an inner-cooling step-welded type hard alloy drill, as shown in fig. 15, the taper reamer 51 is an inner-cooling hard alloy taper reamer, as shown in fig. 16, and the machine-clamped reverse chamfer cutter 52 as shown in fig. 17, so as to further improve the processing precision.

Example 9

The method for processing the flange hole of the half shaft comprises the following steps:

1. placing half shaft flanges: the X-axis driving unit 20 drives the sliding table 23 to move to a position where the first tip 602 and the second tip 71 are in the same straight line, the position is a mounting position of the half-axis flange 8, the half-axis flange 8 is placed on a moving end, wherein the flange plate 80 is partially positioned between the second tip 71 and the first support plate 61, and the shaft body 81 is partially positioned on the first floating plate 620 and the second floating plate 631;

3. moving to a processing position: the center second driving part 70 drives the center second 71 to retract, and the X-axis driving unit 20 drives the machine tool sliding table 23 to move to the Y-axis position of the upright post 3;

4. hole machining: the main spindle box 4 sequentially uses a drill bit 50, a tapered reamer 51 and a machine-clamped reverse chamfer cutter 52 to complete hole machining of the half shaft flange 8, wherein n holes are machined by using a cutter each time, and n is the number of holes 800 to be machined in the finished half shaft flange 8;

5. taking out a product: the X-axis driving unit 20 drives the sliding table 23 to move to the half-shaft flange 8 mounting and taking position, the corner cylinder 64 releases the compression on the flange plate 80, the center driving piece 601 drives the center 602 to retract, and the half-shaft flange 8 after the hole is machined is taken out.

The number of the holes 800 to be processed in the half shaft flange 8 processed in the embodiment is 8, that is, n is 8.

The machining method of the embodiment is high in automation degree, the machining of the hole 800 to be machined in the half-shaft flange 8 can be achieved through the machine tool without excessive manual interference, machining efficiency is high, machining accuracy can be guaranteed through the machining method of the embodiment, automatic tool changing is achieved in the whole process, and the accuracy of machining the hole in the half-shaft flange 8 is further improved.

Further, the operation of placing and taking out the half-shaft flange 8 in the first step and the operation of taking out the half-shaft flange 8 in the fifth step are both carried out by a manipulator, and the manipulator is arranged on the base 1 beside the loading position of the half-shaft flange 8.

In this embodiment, dress, getting of half axle flange 8 all adopt the manipulator to realize automatically, have further improved degree of automation, have practiced thrift the manpower consumption.

The examples described herein are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A use method of a clamp for processing a flange hole of a half shaft is based on the clamp for processing the flange hole of the half shaft and comprises the following steps,

it is characterized by also comprising a movable end and a fixed end,

the mobile terminal includes:

the first centre fixing frame is arranged on the support and is fixedly connected with a first centre driving part and a first centre, the first centre driving part is movably connected with the first centre fixing frame, and the first centre driving part drives the first centre to perform telescopic motion along the direction vertical to the X axis; and

the fixed end includes:

the first tip and the second tip are positioned on the same horizontal height;

the corner cylinder is fixed on one side of the supporting plate, which is far away from the top fixing frame, and the flange plate of the half shaft flange is fixed by the corner cylinder after the half shaft flange is placed in place on the moving end;

still including floating the supporting shoe one, it is located a backup pad one and is close to top mount one side, and floating the supporting shoe one includes:

the first fixing block is fixed on one side surface of the supporting plate;

the first floating plate is movably arranged above the first fixed block;

the first limiting rod vertically and downwards sequentially penetrates through the first floating plate, the middle part of the first spring and the first fixing block, and limits the first floating plate to enable the first floating plate to move up and down along the first limiting rod;

still including floating supporting shoe two, it is located on the support between floating supporting shoe one and the support, floating supporting shoe two includes:

the second fixing block is fixed on one side of the second support plate;

the floating plate II is movably arranged above the fixed block II;

the second limiting rod penetrates through the second floating plate, the middle part of the second spring and the second fixing block in sequence vertically downwards to limit the second floating plate, so that the second floating plate only moves up and down along the second limiting rod;

v-shaped grooves are formed in the tops of the first floating plate and the second floating plate; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

after the half shaft flange is placed, a shaft body at one end of the flange plate enters the guide limiting groove and then contacts the floating plate I, and the floating plate I buffers the falling force of the half shaft flange and supports the shaft body part of the half shaft flange under the support of the spring I; the top of the supporting plate II is provided with an avoiding groove, a shaft body at one end, away from the flange plate, of the half shaft flange is in contact with a floating plate II after entering the avoiding groove, the floating plate II is supported by a spring II, the falling force of the half shaft flange is buffered, and the other part of the shaft body is supported, and the floating plate I is as high as the floating plate II in horizontal height, the spring I is as high as the spring II in horizontal height, the limiting rod I is as high as the limiting rod II in horizontal height, and the fixing block I is as high as the fixing block II in horizontal height, so that the horizontal state of the half shaft flange after being placed is further ensured;

2. The use method of the jig for half-shaft flange hole machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: the centre fixing frame is movably connected with the support; also comprises the following steps of (1) preparing,