CN111992659A - Method for improving surface quality of alloy steel casting - Google Patents
Method for improving surface quality of alloy steel casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111992659A CN111992659A CN202010860845.3A CN202010860845A CN111992659A CN 111992659 A CN111992659 A CN 111992659A CN 202010860845 A CN202010860845 A CN 202010860845A CN 111992659 A CN111992659 A CN 111992659A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/18—Measures for using chemical processes for influencing the surface composition of castings, e.g. for increasing resistance to acid attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy steel casting technology, and discloses a method for improving the surface quality of an alloy steel casting. The prepared refractory casting coating has the advantages of good chemical stability, high refractoriness, small thermal expansion, stable volume at high temperature, good slag resistance, no reaction with a sand mold, low preparation cost, excellent isolation protection between alloy steel melt and a sand mold interface, difficult erosion, and bright and clean surface of an alloy steel casting obtained by pouring, and no sand sticking and inclusion defects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy steel casting technology, and particularly relates to a method for improving surface quality of an alloy steel casting.
Background
Alloy steels are various, and are generally divided into low alloy steel (the content is less than 5%), medium alloy steel (the content is 5% -10%) and high alloy steel (the content is more than 10%) according to the content of alloy elements; the alloy steel is divided into high-quality alloy steel and special alloy steel according to the mass; according to characteristics and purposes, the steel is divided into alloy structural steel, stainless steel, acid-resistant steel, wear-resistant steel, heat-resistant steel, alloy tool steel, rolling bearing steel, alloy spring steel, special performance steel (such as soft magnetic steel, permanent magnetic steel and non-magnetic steel) and the like.
With the continuous development of industry and science and technology, the application range of alloy steel castings is continuously expanded, and the quality requirements on the castings are also continuously improved. The existing alloy steel casting has the problem of insufficient surface quality performance in the casting process, the application range of the existing alloy steel casting is greatly limited, and a negative effect is achieved on the exertion of excellent mechanical properties of alloy steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the surface quality of an alloy steel casting aiming at the existing problems, and the method improves the pouring performance and solves the surface quality problem of the alloy steel casting by researching and manufacturing a refractory casting coating, so that the alloy steel casting is better developed and utilized.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the surface quality of alloy steel castings is characterized in that modified fly ash obtained by preparation and bentonite are compounded to serve as refractory aggregate, other materials are used as auxiliary materials, and casting coating is further processed and used for processing alloy steel castings, and the method is specifically realized by the following preparation process flows:
the fireproof casting coating is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 185 parts of modified fly ash, 35-40 parts of bentonite, 3.0-3.5 parts of phenolic resin, 0.4-0.8 part of polyvinyl acetal, 1.0-1.3 parts of calcium oxide, 0.2-0.3 part of sodium borate, 1-2 parts of attapulgite, 1.1-1.3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.5-0.8 part of ethyl cellulose, 0.6-1.0 part of vinyl acetate and 55-60 parts of ethanol; the mass concentration of the ethanol is between 93 and 95 percent;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the rest materials except ethanol, stirring, adding ethanol, grinding, and homogenizing to obtain the final product.
Further, the preparation method of the modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 190 g of 180-fold flyash and 11-13 g of zeolite powder, mixing, grinding into powder, sieving with a 20-30-mesh sieve, adding 350 ml of sulfuric acid solution with the molar concentration of 3.0-3.5 mol/L into the mixture, continuously stirring and mixing for 40-50 minutes, standing for 3-4 hours, filtering, washing for 2-3 times by using clear water, recovering acid liquor, and drying the obtained filter residue in an oven at 80-90 ℃ to constant weight for later use;
(2) weighing 6.6-7.4 g of activated carbon, adding the activated carbon into 47-55 ml of sodium silicate aqueous solution with the molar concentration of 0.5-0.8 mol/L, soaking for 10-15 minutes, adding 0.4-0.5 kg of water, stirring and diluting, adding 3.4-3.6 g of white mud fiber and the material obtained in the step (1) under stirring, quickly stirring for 18-20 minutes at 500-550 r/min, adding 0.2-0.4 g of manganese dioxide under stirring, adjusting the pH value of a system to be 5.9-6.2 by using sodium sulfite aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 2.4-3.0%, stirring for 20-25 minutes, standing for 6-8 hours, filtering, drying for 10-12 hours at 75-85 ℃, further grinding into powder, transferring to a crucible, calcining for 1.5-2.0 hours at 650-660 ℃, naturally cooling and grinding into uniform particles to obtain the modified fly ash.
Preferably, the particle size of the modified fly ash obtained by preparation is between 180-220 meshes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the invention provides a method for improving the surface quality of an alloy steel casting in order to solve the surface quality problem of the existing alloy steel in the casting processing application. The prepared refractory casting coating has the advantages of good chemical stability, high refractoriness, small thermal expansion, stable volume at high temperature, good slag resistance, no reaction with a sand mold, low preparation cost, excellent isolation protection between alloy steel melt and a sand mold interface, difficult erosion, and bright and clean surface of an alloy steel casting obtained by pouring, and no sand sticking and inclusion defects. Has excellent casting performance and high temperature strength resistance, and can prevent the occurrence of thermal cracking. The alloy steel casting refractory coating is superior to casting refractory coatings widely used in the market, the alloy steel casting prepared by processing has high yield and strong environmental damage resistance, can meet the requirements of complex castings, improves the grade of the castings, plays a role in promoting the processing development of the alloy steel castings, and improves the economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A method for improving the surface quality of alloy steel castings is characterized in that modified fly ash obtained by preparation and bentonite are compounded to serve as refractory aggregate, other materials are used as auxiliary materials, and casting coating is further processed and used for processing alloy steel castings, and the method is specifically realized by the following preparation process flows:
the fireproof casting coating is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 180 parts of modified fly ash, 35 parts of bentonite, 3.0 parts of phenolic resin, 0.4 part of polyvinyl acetal, 1.0 part of calcium oxide, 0.2 part of sodium borate, 1 part of attapulgite, 1.1 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.5 part of ethyl cellulose, 0.6 part of vinyl acetate and 55 parts of ethanol; the mass concentration of the ethanol is 93 percent;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the rest materials except ethanol, stirring, adding ethanol, grinding, and homogenizing to obtain the final product.
Further, the preparation method of the modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 180 g of fly ash and 11 g of zeolite powder, mixing, grinding into powder, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 300 ml of sulfuric acid solution with the molar concentration of 3.0 mol/L into the mixture, continuously stirring and mixing for 40 minutes, standing for 3 hours, filtering, washing for 2 times by using clear water, recovering acid liquor, and drying the obtained filter residue in an oven at 80 ℃ to constant weight for later use;
(2) weighing 6.6 g of activated carbon, adding the activated carbon into 47 ml of sodium silicate aqueous solution with the molar concentration of 0.5 mol/L, soaking for 10 minutes, adding 0.4 kg of water, stirring and diluting, adding 3.4 g of white mud fiber and the material obtained in the step (1) under stirring, quickly stirring for 18 minutes at 500 revolutions/minute, adding 0.2 g of manganese dioxide under stirring, adjusting the pH value of a system to be between 5.9 and 6.2 by using sodium sulfite aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 2.4%, stirring for 20 minutes, standing for 6 hours, filtering, drying at 75 ℃ for 10 hours, further grinding into powder, transferring to a crucible, calcining for 1.5 hours at 650 ℃, naturally cooling, and grinding into uniform particles to obtain the modified fly ash.
Preferably, the particle size of the modified fly ash obtained by preparation is between 180-220 meshes.
Selecting molten steel elements as follows: 6.00 percent of Ni, 12.50 percent of Cr, 0.55 percent of Mo, 0.80 percent of Mn, 0.20 percent of Si, 0.03 percent of C and the balance of Fe; a stainless steel water pump impeller investment casting process disclosed in China invention CN201711480525.X is used as a contrast, and the two processes are consistent except that the selected refractory casting coating is different.
And (3) performance testing: preparing a refractory coating with the thickness of 0.5 mm on the surface of the cavity by adopting the methods of the embodiment 1 and the comparison group, and performing sand casting according to the standard JB/T9226-1999 to obtain a coating; the paint for the JB/T5107-1991 sand casting is tested by the experimental method, and the average value of 5 groups of samples is measured: the refractoriness of the coating reaches 1650 ℃, the suspensibility (24h) of the coating reaches 99.5 percent, the gas evolution reaches 8.1mL/g, the heat exposure crack resistance reaches the first level, and the wear resistance of the coating is 0.04 g. The surface quality of the cast is good, and the dimensional accuracy is high; and the fire-resistant coating of the control group: the suspension property (12h) is 93.4 percent, the gas forming amount is 16.8mL/g, the heat exposure crack resistance is two-stage, dendritic cracks exist, the width of each crack is 0.4 mm, and the wear resistance of the coating is 0.09 g; the surface quality of the cast is general, and the dimensional accuracy is general.
Other properties: after the sand mold obtained in the example 1 is repeatedly used for 50 times, the coating has no defects of cracks, bubbles, air holes, layering and the like, is resistant to molten steel scouring and corrosion, has a good sand-sticking resistant function, has a storage period of 10 months, can be rapidly dispersed, and has no caking.
Example 2
A method for improving the surface quality of alloy steel castings is characterized in that modified fly ash obtained by preparation and bentonite are compounded to serve as refractory aggregate, other materials are used as auxiliary materials, and casting coating is further processed and used for processing alloy steel castings, and the method is specifically realized by the following preparation process flows:
the fireproof casting coating is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 183 parts of modified fly ash, 38 parts of bentonite, 3.2 parts of phenolic resin, 0.6 part of polyvinyl acetal, 1.1 parts of calcium oxide, 0.25 part of sodium borate, 1.5 parts of attapulgite, 1.2 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.6 part of ethyl cellulose, 0.8 part of vinyl acetate and 58 parts of ethanol; the mass concentration of the ethanol is 94 percent;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the rest materials except ethanol, stirring, adding ethanol, grinding, and homogenizing to obtain the final product.
Further, the preparation method of the modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 185 g of fly ash and 12 g of zeolite powder, mixing, grinding into powder, sieving with a 25-mesh sieve, adding 330 ml of sulfuric acid solution with the molar concentration of 3.2 mol/L into the mixture, continuously stirring and mixing for 45 minutes, standing for 3.5 hours, filtering, washing for 2 times by using clear water, recovering acid liquor, and drying the obtained filter residue in an oven at 85 ℃ to constant weight for later use;
(2) weighing 7.0 g of activated carbon, adding the activated carbon into 51 ml of sodium silicate aqueous solution with the molar concentration of 0.6 mol/L, soaking for 12 minutes, adding 0.45 kg of water, stirring and diluting, adding 3.5 g of white mud fiber and the material obtained in the step (1) under stirring, quickly stirring for 19 minutes at 530 r/min, adding 0.3 g of manganese dioxide under stirring, adjusting the pH value of a system to be between 5.9 and 6.2 by using sodium sulfite aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 2.7%, stirring for 22 minutes, standing for 7 hours, filtering, drying at 80 ℃ for 11 hours, further grinding into powder, transferring to a crucible, calcining for 1.8 hours at 655 ℃, naturally cooling, and grinding into uniform particles to obtain the modified fly ash.
Preferably, the particle size of the modified fly ash obtained by preparation is between 180-220 meshes.
Selecting molten steel elements as follows: 6.00 percent of Ni, 12.50 percent of Cr, 0.55 percent of Mo, 0.80 percent of Mn, 0.20 percent of Si, 0.03 percent of C and the balance of Fe; a stainless steel water pump impeller investment casting process disclosed in China invention CN201711480525.X is used as a contrast, and the two processes are consistent except that the selected refractory casting coating is different.
And (3) performance testing: preparing a refractory coating with the thickness of 0.5 mm on the surface of the cavity by adopting the method of the embodiment 2 and the comparison group, and performing sand casting according to the standard JB/T9226-1999 to obtain the coating; the paint for the JB/T5107-1991 sand casting is tested by the experimental method, and the average value of 5 groups of samples is measured: in example 2, the refractoriness reaches 1650 ℃, the suspension property (24h) is 99.6 percent, the gas evolution is 7.9mL/g, the heat exposure crack resistance reaches the first level, and the wear resistance of the coating is 0.04 g. The surface quality of the cast is good, and the dimensional accuracy is high; and the fire-resistant coating of the control group: the suspension property (12h) is 93.4 percent, the gas forming amount is 16.8mL/g, the heat exposure crack resistance is two-stage, dendritic cracks exist, the width of each crack is 0.4 mm, and the wear resistance of the coating is 0.09 g; the surface quality of the cast is general, and the dimensional accuracy is general.
Other properties: after the coating is repeatedly used for 50 times, the coating has no defects of cracks, bubbles, pores, layering and the like, resists molten steel scouring and erosion, has good sand-sticking resistance, has a storage period of 10 months, can be quickly dispersed, and has no caking.
Example 3
A method for improving the surface quality of alloy steel castings is characterized in that modified fly ash obtained by preparation and bentonite are compounded to serve as refractory aggregate, other materials are used as auxiliary materials, and casting coating is further processed and used for processing alloy steel castings, and the method is specifically realized by the following preparation process flows:
the fireproof casting coating is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 185 parts of modified fly ash, 40 parts of bentonite, 3.5 parts of phenolic resin, 0.8 part of polyvinyl acetal, 1.3 parts of calcium oxide, 0.3 part of sodium borate, 2 parts of attapulgite, 1.3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.8 part of ethyl cellulose, 1.0 part of vinyl acetate and 60 parts of ethanol; the mass concentration of the ethanol is 95 percent;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the rest materials except ethanol, stirring, adding ethanol, grinding, and homogenizing to obtain the final product.
Further, the preparation method of the modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 190 g of fly ash and 13 g of zeolite powder, mixing, grinding into powder, sieving with a 30-mesh sieve, adding 350 ml of sulfuric acid solution with the molar concentration of 3.5 mol/L into the mixture, continuously stirring and mixing for 50 minutes, standing for 4 hours, filtering, washing for 3 times by using clear water, recovering acid liquor, and drying the obtained filter residue in a 90 ℃ oven to constant weight for later use;
(2) weighing 7.4 g of activated carbon, adding the activated carbon into 55 ml of sodium silicate aqueous solution with the molar concentration of 0.8 mol/L, soaking for 15 minutes, adding 0.5 kg of water, stirring and diluting, adding 3.6 g of white mud fiber and the material obtained in the step (1) under stirring, quickly stirring for 20 minutes at 550 revolutions/minute, adding 0.4 g of manganese dioxide under stirring, adjusting the pH value of a system to be between 5.9 and 6.2 by using sodium sulfite aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3.0%, stirring for 25 minutes, standing for 8 hours, filtering, drying at 85 ℃ for 12 hours, further grinding into powder, transferring to a crucible, calcining for 2.0 hours at 660 ℃, naturally cooling, and grinding into uniform particles to obtain the modified fly ash.
Preferably, the particle size of the modified fly ash obtained by preparation is between 180-220 meshes.
Selecting molten steel elements as follows: 6.00 percent of Ni, 12.50 percent of Cr, 0.55 percent of Mo, 0.80 percent of Mn, 0.20 percent of Si, 0.03 percent of C and the balance of Fe; a stainless steel water pump impeller investment casting process disclosed in China invention CN201711480525.X is used as a contrast, and the two processes are consistent except that the selected refractory casting coating is different.
And (3) performance testing: preparing a refractory coating with the thickness of 0.5 mm on the surface of the cavity by adopting the methods of the embodiment 3 and the comparison group, and performing sand casting according to the standard JB/T9226-1999 to obtain the coating; the paint for the JB/T5107-1991 sand casting is tested by the experimental method, and the average value of 5 groups of samples is measured: in example 2, the refractoriness reaches 1650 ℃, the suspension property (24h) is 99.5 percent, the gas evolution is 8.0mL/g, the heat exposure crack resistance reaches the first level, and the wear resistance of the coating is 0.04 g. The surface quality of the cast is good, and the dimensional accuracy is high; and the fire-resistant coating of the control group: the suspension property (12h) is 93.4 percent, the gas forming amount is 16.8mL/g, the heat exposure crack resistance is two-stage, dendritic cracks exist, the width of each crack is 0.4 mm, and the wear resistance of the coating is 0.09 g; the surface quality of the cast is general, and the dimensional accuracy is general.
Other properties: after the coating is repeatedly used for 50 times, the coating has no defects of cracks, bubbles, pores, layering and the like, resists molten steel scouring and erosion, has good sand-sticking resistance, has a storage period of 10 months, can be quickly dispersed, and has no caking.
Claims (7)
1. The method for improving the surface quality of the alloy steel casting is characterized in that the prepared modified fly ash and bentonite are compounded to be used as refractory aggregate, other materials are used as auxiliary materials, and the casting coating is further processed and obtained and is used for processing the alloy steel casting, wherein the preparation method of the modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 190 g of 180-fold flyash and 11-13 g of zeolite powder, mixing, grinding into powder, sieving with a 20-30-mesh sieve, adding 350 ml of 300-fold sulphuric acid solution into the mixture, continuously stirring and mixing for 40-50 minutes, standing for 3-4 hours, filtering, washing for 2-3 times by using clear water, recovering acid liquor, and drying the obtained filter residue in an oven at 80-90 ℃ to constant weight for later use;
(2) weighing 6.6-7.4 g of activated carbon, adding the activated carbon into 47-55 ml of sodium silicate aqueous solution, soaking for 10-15 minutes, adding 0.4-0.5 kg of water, stirring and diluting, adding 3.4-3.6 g of white mud fiber and the material obtained in the step (1) under stirring, quickly stirring for 18-20 minutes at 550 revolutions per minute of 500-.
2. The method for improving the surface quality of alloy steel castings according to claim 1, wherein the casting dope is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 180-185 parts of modified fly ash, 35-40 parts of bentonite, 3.0-3.5 parts of phenolic resin, 0.4-0.8 part of polyvinyl acetal, 1.0-1.3 parts of calcium oxide, 0.2-0.3 part of sodium borate, 1-2 parts of attapulgite, 1.1-1.3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.5-0.8 part of ethyl cellulose, 0.6-1.0 part of vinyl acetate and 55-60 parts of ethanol.
3. The method for improving the surface quality of alloy steel castings according to claim 1, wherein the molar concentration of the sulfuric acid solution in step (1) is 3.0-3.5 mol/l.
4. The method for improving the surface quality of alloy steel castings according to claim 1, wherein the molar concentration of the aqueous sodium silicate solution in step (2) is 0.5-0.8 mol/l.
5. The method for improving the surface quality of alloy steel castings according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the aqueous sodium sulfite solution in the step (2) is 2.4-3.0%.
6. The method for improving the surface quality of the alloy steel casting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the modified fly ash prepared in the step (2) is between 180 and 220 meshes.
7. The method for improving the surface quality of the alloy steel casting according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method of the casting coating comprises the following steps: mixing the rest materials except ethanol, stirring, adding ethanol, grinding, and homogenizing to obtain the final product.
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Application publication date: 20201127 |
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