CN111987813A - Synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on single-coil coupling mechanism - Google Patents

Synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on single-coil coupling mechanism Download PDF

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CN111987813A
CN111987813A CN202010897157.4A CN202010897157A CN111987813A CN 111987813 A CN111987813 A CN 111987813A CN 202010897157 A CN202010897157 A CN 202010897157A CN 111987813 A CN111987813 A CN 111987813A
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secondary side
primary side
signal
network
series
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CN111987813B (en
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孙跃
王智慧
左志平
范元双
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Chongqing University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/79Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and particularly discloses a synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on a single-coil coupling mechanism, which comprises a power transmission channel and a signal transmission channel; the signal transmission channel is provided with a signal primary side series resonance network, a signal secondary side series resonance network, a primary side forward parallel resonance network, a primary side reverse parallel resonance network, a secondary side forward parallel resonance network and a secondary side reverse parallel resonance network. According to the invention, a series network (a signal primary side series resonance network and a signal secondary side series resonance network) is used for transmitting two data carriers, and forward transmission and reverse transmission of the signal carriers can be simultaneously carried out, so that synchronous full-duplex communication is realized; the parallel network (the primary forward parallel resonant network, the primary reverse parallel resonant network, the secondary forward parallel resonant network and the secondary reverse parallel resonant network) is used for blocking one carrier while transmitting the other carrier, so that the transmission quality of data is ensured.

Description

Synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on single-coil coupling mechanism
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless power transmission, in particular to a synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on a single-coil coupling mechanism.
Background
Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology refers to a method of transferring power by means of non-electrical contact, which enables relatively long-distance high-power transfer. Has attracted wide attention in recent years and is widely applied to the fields of electric automobile charging, rotating mechanism power supply, biomedical implants, consumer electronics, household appliances and the like.
In practical applications, real-time communication between the primary side and the secondary side is often required in order to improve the performance and stability of the system. The WPT system generally adopts technologies such as bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi and Radio Frequency (RF) to realize communication between two parties, but pairing between a transmitting end and a receiving end of the technologies is complicated. Furthermore, the relatively high cost and long transmission delay have motivated research into parallel communication and power transmission based on near-field inductive coupling.
Various techniques for implementing synchronous communication using the coupling mechanism of the WPT system have been developed. The method for realizing data transmission by using the power transmission channel of the WPT system not only can reduce the number of data transmission cables or wireless signal transmitters, but also can exert the advantage of the flexibility of the WPT system. The device has special significance and value particularly for the rotary joint of the robot and the implanted medical instrument with limited operation space. The method mainly comprises the following steps: 1) transmitting data by modulating a power carrier; 2) data is transmitted by modulating a single data carrier. However, when data is transmitted, power transmission of the WPT system adopting the first method is greatly affected. In addition, these two methods can only realize half-duplex data transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on a single-coil coupling mechanism, which solves the technical problems that: the existing method for realizing data transmission by using a power transmission channel of a WPT system can only realize half-duplex data transmission and cannot realize full-duplex data transmission.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on a single-coil coupling mechanism, which comprises a power transmission channel and a signal transmission channel;
the power transmission channel comprises a direct current input circuit, a high-frequency inverter circuit, a power primary side resonant network, a coupling circuit, a power secondary side resonant network, a rectifier and a load which are sequentially connected according to the energy transmission direction;
the coupling circuit comprises a primary coil and a secondary coil which are respectively connected with the power primary side resonance network and the power secondary side resonance network;
the signal transmission channel comprises a signal primary side series resonance capacitor connected in series at one end of the primary side coil and a signal secondary side series resonance capacitor connected in series at one end of the secondary side coil, the primary side coil and the signal primary side series resonance capacitor form a signal primary side series resonance network, and the secondary side coil and the signal secondary side series resonance capacitor form a signal secondary side series resonance network;
the signal transmission channel also comprises a primary side forward link and a primary side reverse link which are connected with the signal primary side series resonance network in parallel, and a secondary side forward link and a secondary side reverse link which are connected with the signal secondary side series resonance network in parallel;
the primary side forward link comprises a primary side forward parallel resonant network and a primary side signal modulation circuit which are connected in series, the primary side reverse link comprises a primary side reverse parallel resonant network and a primary side sampling resistor which are connected in series, the secondary side forward link comprises a secondary side forward parallel resonant network and a secondary side sampling resistor which are connected in series, and the secondary side reverse link comprises a secondary side reverse parallel resonant network and a secondary side signal modulation circuit which are connected in series;
the signal transmission channel further comprises a primary side signal demodulation circuit connected with the primary side sampling resistor, and a secondary side signal demodulation circuit connected with the secondary side sampling resistor.
Preferably, the signal primary side inverse parallel resonant network comprises a primary side first resonant capacitor and a primary side first inductor which are connected in parallel, the signal primary side forward parallel resonant network comprises a primary side second resonant capacitor and a primary side second inductor which are connected in parallel, the signal secondary side inverse parallel resonant network comprises a secondary side first resonant capacitor and a secondary side first inductor which are connected in parallel, and the signal secondary side forward parallel resonant network comprises a secondary side second resonant capacitor and a secondary side second inductor which are connected in parallel.
Preferably, the primary side first resonant capacitor, the primary side first inductor, the secondary side first resonant capacitor, the secondary side first inductor, and the primary side signal modulation circuit satisfy:
Figure BDA0002658826130000031
wherein, ω is1Representing the angular frequency, C, of a primary-side signal source in said primary-side signal modulation circuit1、L1、C1'、L1' respectively represents the primary side first resonant capacitor, the primary side first inductor, the secondary side first resonant capacitor and the secondary side first inductor.
Preferably, the primary side second resonant capacitor, the primary side second inductor, the secondary side second resonant capacitor, the secondary side second inductor, and the secondary side signal modulation circuit satisfy:
Figure BDA0002658826130000032
wherein, ω is2Representing the angular frequency, C, of a secondary signal source in said secondary signal modulation circuit2、L2、C2'、L2' respectively represents the primary side second resonant capacitor, the primary side second inductor, the secondary side second resonant capacitor and the secondary side second inductor.
Preferably, the power primary side resonant network comprises a power primary side series resonant capacitor connected in series to one end of the primary side coil, a power primary side compensation capacitor connected in series to the other end of the primary side coil, and a power primary side choke network connected in series to the power primary side compensation capacitor;
the power secondary side resonance network comprises a power secondary side series resonance capacitor connected in series with one end of the secondary side coil, a power secondary side compensation capacitor connected in series with the other end of the secondary side coil, and a power secondary side wave-blocking network connected in series with the power secondary side compensation capacitor.
Preferably, the power primary side wave-blocking network comprises a primary side first LC parallel wave-blocking network and a primary side second LC parallel wave-blocking network which are connected in series, and the power secondary side wave-blocking network comprises a secondary side first LC parallel wave-blocking network and a secondary side second LC parallel wave-blocking network which are connected in series.
Preferably, the primary side signal modulation circuit and the secondary side signal modulation circuit adopt an ASK modulation mode.
According to the synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on the single-coil coupling mechanism, a series network (a signal primary side series resonance network and a signal secondary side series resonance network) is used for transmitting two data carriers, forward transmission and reverse transmission of the signal carriers can be carried out simultaneously, and synchronous full-duplex communication is realized; the parallel network (the primary forward parallel resonant network, the primary reverse parallel resonant network, the secondary forward parallel resonant network and the secondary reverse parallel resonant network) is used for blocking one carrier while transmitting the other carrier, so that the transmission quality of data is ensured. Full duplex communication does not require direction switching, and therefore, time delay caused by switching operation does not exist.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit topology diagram of a synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on a single-coil coupling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit topology diagram of the signal transmission channel of FIG. 1 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit topology diagram of the signal transmission channel of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit topology of FIG. 2 in the forward direction of signals provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a further equivalent circuit topology of FIG. 4 in the forward direction of signal transmission provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit of FIG. 2 during reverse transmission of signals provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit topology diagram of the first and second signal demodulation circuits in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of system parameter calculation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 illustrates an energy transfer interference circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of a full-duplex communication channel provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 shows a signal path relative to L provided by an embodiment of the present inventionpNormalized impedance profile of (a);
FIG. 12 is a diagram of an energy transmission channel Bode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a waveform diagram of signal transmission without energy transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a waveform diagram of signal transmission channels when energy signals are transmitted simultaneously according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a waveform diagram of energy transmission channels when energy signals are transmitted simultaneously according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in figures 1, 2 include: primary coil LPSecondary winding LSPrimary side series resonance capacitor C of signalPPSecondary side series resonance capacitor C of signalSSPrimary side signal source AC1Secondary side signal source AC2Primary side sampling resistor R1Secondary side sampling resistor R2Primary side series resonance capacitor C of powerPPrimary side compensation capacitor C of powerCSecondary side series resonance capacitor CSPower secondary compensation capacitor Cc', the first parallel wave-resistance capacitor Cr of the primary side1Primary side first parallel resistance wave inductance Lr1The second parallel wave-resistance capacitor Cr on the primary side2And a second parallel wave-resistance inductor Lr on the primary side2The first parallel wave-resistance capacitor Cr of the secondary side1', secondary side first parallel wave-resistance inductor Lr1' secondary side second parallel wave-resistance capacitor Cr2' and secondary side second parallel wave-resistance inductor Lr2', primary side first resonance capacitor C1Primary side ofAn inductor L1Primary side second resonance capacitor C2Primary side second inductor L2A secondary side first resonance capacitor C1', secondary side first inductance L1', secondary side second resonance capacitor C2', secondary side second inductance L2' primary side signal source AC1Angular frequency of (omega)1Secondary side signal source AC2Angular frequency of (omega)2First to fourth MOS transistors S1 to S4, and a first inductor Lf1A first capacitor Cf1A second inductor Lf2A second capacitor Cf2First to fourth diodes D1 to D4, and a filter capacitor CdLoad RLSPDT with key-controlled switch on primary side1SPDT (single-phase double-side key control switch)2
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the invention, including the drawings which are incorporated herein by reference and for illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the invention, since many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on the single-coil coupling mechanism, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises a power transmission channel and a signal transmission channel as shown in the topological diagrams of fig. 1 and fig. 2;
the power transmission channel comprises a direct current input circuit, a high-frequency inverter circuit, a power primary side resonant network, a coupling circuit, a power secondary side resonant network, a rectifier and a load which are sequentially connected according to the energy transmission direction;
the coupling circuit comprises a primary coil L respectively connected with a power primary resonance network and a power secondary resonance networkPAnd a secondary winding LS
The signal transmission channel comprises a primary coil L connected in seriesPSignal primary side series resonance capacitor C of one endPPAnd connected in series to the secondary winding LSA signal secondary side of one end of the resonant capacitor CSSPrimary winding LPAnd signal primary side series resonance capacitor CPPForm a primary side series resonance network and a secondary side coil LSResonance capacitor C connected in series with signal secondary sideSSForming a signal secondary side series resonance network;
the signal transmission channel also comprises a primary side forward link and a primary side reverse link which are connected with the signal primary side series resonance network in parallel, and a secondary side forward link and a secondary side reverse link which are connected with the signal secondary side series resonance network in parallel;
the primary side forward link comprises a primary side forward parallel resonance network and a primary side signal modulation circuit which are connected in series, and the primary side reverse link comprises a primary side reverse parallel resonance network and a primary side sampling resistor R which are connected in series1The secondary side forward link comprises a secondary side forward parallel resonant network and a secondary side sampling resistor R which are connected in series2And the secondary reverse link comprises a secondary reverse parallel resonant network and a secondary signal modulation circuit which are connected in series. The primary side signal modulation circuit and the secondary side signal modulation circuit both adopt an ASK keying mode, SPDT, as shown in figure 11For equivalent primary-side key-controlled switching, SPDT1For equivalent secondary side-key switches, AC1Being a primary side signal source, AC2For the secondary side signal source, data 1 and data 2 are digital baseband signals applied to the key switch, that is, when the source signal is "1", the signal source (carrier wave) is transmitted, and when the source signal is "0", the level of 0 is transmitted.
The signal transmission channel also comprises a primary sampling resistor R1Primary side signal demodulation circuit and connection secondary side sampling resistor R2The two demodulation circuits will be described later.
Referring again to FIG. 1, the power primary resonant network includes a primary coil L connected in seriesPPrimary side series resonance capacitor C of power of one endPAnd is connected in series to the primary coil LPPower primary side compensation capacitor C of the other endCAnd a primary compensation capacitor CCA primary-side wave-blocking network of power connected in series;
the power secondary resonant network comprises a secondary coil L connected in seriesSA power secondary side series resonance capacitor C of one end ofSAnd connected in series to the secondary winding LSThe power secondary side of the other end of the capacitor Cc', and a power secondary compensation capacitor Cc' series connected power secondary side choke network.
The power primary side wave-blocking network comprises a primary side first LC parallel wave-blocking network and a primary side second LC parallel wave-blocking network which are connected in series, and the power secondary side wave-blocking network comprises a secondary side first LC parallel wave-blocking network and a secondary side second LC parallel wave-blocking network which are connected in series. The first LC parallel-connection wave-resistance network on the primary side comprises a first parallel-connection wave-resistance capacitor Cr on the primary side1And a primary side first parallel choke inductor Lr1The second LC parallel wave-resistance network on the primary side comprises a second parallel wave-resistance capacitor Cr on the primary side2And a primary side second parallel wave-resistance inductor Lr2The secondary side first LC parallel wave-resisting network comprises a secondary side first parallel wave-resisting capacitor Cr1' and secondary first parallel wave-resistance inductance Lr1', the secondary side second LC parallel wave-resisting network comprises a secondary side second parallel wave-resisting capacitor Cr2' and secondary side second parallel wave-resistance inductor Lr2′。
The signal primary side inverse parallel resonance network comprises a primary side first resonance capacitor C connected in parallel1Primary side first inductor L1The signal primary side forward parallel resonant network comprises a primary side second resonant capacitor C connected in parallel2Primary side second inductor L2The signal secondary side inverse parallel resonant network comprises a secondary side first resonant capacitor C connected in parallel1', secondary side first inductance L1' the signal secondary side forward parallel resonant network comprises a secondary side second resonant capacitor C connected in parallel2', secondary side second inductance L2′。
In this embodiment, the primary side first resonant capacitor C1Primary side first inductor L1A secondary side first resonance capacitor C1', secondary side first inductance L1' primary side signal source AC1Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002658826130000071
wherein, ω is1Representing a primary side signal source AC1The angular frequency of (c).
Primary side second resonant capacitor C2Primary side second inductor L2And a secondary side second resonant capacitor C2', secondary side second inductance L2' secondary side signal source AC2Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002658826130000072
wherein, ω is2Representing secondary side signal source AC2The angular frequency of (c).
In fig. 1, the dc input circuit (dc voltage source) of the power transmission channel is EdcThe first to fourth MOS transistors S1-S4 form a full-bridge inverter, and the power primary side resonant network further comprises a first inductor L connected as shown in FIG. 1f1And a first capacitor Cf1The power secondary resonant network further comprises a second inductor L connected as shown in FIG. 1f2And a second capacitor Cf2. First to fourth diodes D1-D4 and a filter capacitor CdForm a rectifier RLRepresenting the load.
When the signal is transmitted in the forward direction, the channels are as follows: AC1、C2、L2、LP、LS、CSS、Lr2′、Cr2′、R2And then connected to a first signal demodulation circuit.
When the signal is transmitted reversely, the channels are as follows: AC2、L1′、C1′、LS、LP、CPP、L1、C1、R1And then connected to a second signal demodulation circuit.
To simplify calculation and design, take Lr1=Lr1',Lr2=Lr2' wave choke network (Lr) with center frequency tuned to data carrier frequency away from power transmission frequency1′、Cr1' and Lr2′、Cr2') is used to prevent the data carrier from being attenuated by flowing through the full bridge inverter, rectifier and load, compensating capacitor CcAnd CcThe inductance generated by the added wave resistance network to the power carrier is compensated to ensure the powerThe transmission is not affected. By adopting the two compensation capacitors, the inductance value of the wave resistance network does not need to be very small, so that higher impedance for the data carrier is obtained. In practice, in a real circuit, C may be usedpeqAnd CseqTo respectively replace primary side and secondary side resonance capacitors Cp、CcAnd Cs、Cc' to reduce the number of components, they satisfy: cpeq=CpCc/(Cp+Cc)、Cseq=CsCc'/(Cs+Cc')。
According to the synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on the single-coil coupling mechanism, a series network (a signal primary side series resonance network and a signal secondary side series resonance network) is used for transmitting two data carriers, forward transmission and reverse transmission of the signal carriers can be carried out simultaneously, and synchronous full-duplex communication is realized; the parallel network (the power primary side wave-blocking network and the power secondary side wave-blocking network) is used for blocking one carrier while transmitting the other carrier, so that the transmission quality of data is ensured. Full duplex communication does not require direction switching, and therefore, time delay caused by switching operation does not exist.
The characteristics and effects of the present transmission system were analyzed as follows.
Characteristics of one, series and parallel networks
1) Characteristics of a series network (a signal primary side series resonance network, a signal secondary side series resonance network):
when the angular frequency omega of the signal to be transmitted is the resonance angular frequency of the series network
Figure BDA0002658826130000081
The impedance of the series network is then: zs=0。
When the angular frequency omega of the signal to be transmitted is larger than omega0When is, i.e. ω2With LC-1 > 0, the series network can be represented by an equivalent inductance:
Figure BDA0002658826130000082
when the angular frequency omega of the signal to be transmitted is less than omega0When is, i.e. ω2LC-1 < 0, the series network can be represented by an equivalent capacitance:
Figure BDA0002658826130000083
wherein L is L ═ LPWhen C is equal to CPP,ω0Representing the resonance angular frequency of the signal primary side series resonance network; l ═ LSWhen C is equal to CSS,ω0Representing the resonance angular frequency of the secondary side series resonant network of the signal.
2) Parallel network characteristics:
when the angular frequency omega of the signal to be transmitted is the resonance angular frequency of the parallel network
Figure BDA0002658826130000084
The impedance of the parallel network is, in time: zp=∞。
When the angular frequency omega of the signal to be transmitted is greater than omega0When is, i.e. ω2When LC-1 > 0, then the parallel network can be represented by an equivalent capacitance:
Figure BDA0002658826130000091
when the angular frequency omega of the signal to be transmitted is < omega0When is, i.e. ω2When LC-1 < 0, then the parallel network can be represented by equivalent inductance:
Figure BDA0002658826130000092
wherein L is L ═ L1When C is equal to C1,ω0Representing the resonance angular frequency of the primary side anti-parallel resonance network; l ═ L2When C is equal to C2,ω0Representing the resonance angular frequency of the primary side forward parallel resonance network; l ═ L1When C is equal to C1′,ω0Indicating a secondary side being reversed andthe resonant angular frequency of the co-resonant network; l ═ L2When C is equal to C2′,ω0Representing the resonance angular frequency of the secondary side forward parallel resonant network.
Two, energy and signal transmission principle
1) Energy transmission
When the full-bridge inverter works, the data transmission channel has high impedance to the power carrier wave, the power carrier wave can be regarded as an open circuit, and the wave resistance networks (the power primary wave resistance network and the power secondary wave resistance network) are equivalent to inductance. Furthermore, the inductance is compensated by a series capacitance. Therefore, the power transmission path is equivalent to the WPT system of the original double-sided LCC structure. The equivalent circuit of the energy transmission channel is shown in FIG. 3, where UacIs the output voltage of a full bridge inverter, ReqFor the rectifying circuit and the load RLThe equivalent resistance of (c). The resistance of the equivalent resistance can be expressed as
Figure BDA0002658826130000093
2) Forward transmission of signals
According to the principle of superposition, when the primary signal source AC1When operating alone, the secondary side signal source AC2Corresponding to a short circuit. The parallel network (L) being based on the characteristics of the parallel network1,C1)、(L1′,C1′)、(Lr1,Cr1) And (Lr)1′,Cr1') corresponds to an open circuit. The equivalent circuit of the signal forward transmission channel is shown in fig. 4.
Let omega be12When the signal is transmitted in the forward direction, as shown in (3), (L)2,C2) And (L)2′,C2') corresponds to a capacitance, the capacitance of the equivalent capacitor being:
Figure BDA0002658826130000094
in order to make the primary and secondary circuits at an angular frequency omega1At resonance with (L)p,Cpp) And (L)s,Css) The formed series network has a diagonal frequency of omega1The carrier of (a) is equivalent to an inductance. From (1), the equivalent inductance is:
Figure BDA0002658826130000101
the circuit diagram of the signal forward transmission channel may be further equivalent to fig. 5. When the signal is transmitted in the forward direction, the signal source AC1The generated sine signal is transmitted from the primary side to the secondary side by the equivalent SS compensation resonance network, and then the sampling resistor R2The signal is sampled. To this end, the signal is successfully transmitted from the primary side to the secondary side.
3) Reverse transmission of signals
Similar to the forward transmission, is composed of1,C1) And (L)1′,C1') corresponds to an inductance, and as can be seen from (4), the inductance of the equivalent inductor can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000102
from (2), the compound (I) is represented byp,Cpp) And (L)s,Css) The equivalent capacitance of the series network formed can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000103
a further equivalent circuit for the reverse transmission of the signal is shown in fig. 6. When the signal is transmitted in reverse, the signal source AC2The generated sinusoidal signal is transmitted from the secondary side to the primary side by the equivalent SS compensation resonant network and is sampled by a sampling resistor R1The signal is sampled. To this end, the signal is successfully transmitted from the secondary side to the primary side.
Third, signal modulation and demodulation
1) Signal modulation
Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) and Load Shift Keying (LSK) are the most commonly used keying schemes in signal transmission. On-off keying (OOK) is a special case of ASK and is also widely used in signal modulation. The greatest advantage of ASK and LSK is simplicity. OOK is used herein and can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000104
where a and ω are the amplitude and angular frequency, respectively, of the data carrier. When data to be transmitted is "1", a sine wave is transmitted in the signal channel. When the data to be transmitted is "0", no data carrier is transmitted in the signal channel.
2) Signal demodulation
The first signal demodulation circuit and the second signal demodulation circuit mainly comprise a voltage tracking module, a band-pass filter, an envelope detection module and a voltage comparator. Firstly, a voltage follower formed by an operational amplifier follows a sampling resistor voltage signal, then the signal is filtered by a band-pass filter to further filter interference, then an envelope of the signal is extracted by an envelope demodulation module, and finally the envelope of the signal is shaped by a voltage comparator to recover a baseband signal. The signal demodulation module is shown in fig. 7.
Fourthly, calculating system parameters
The system parameter calculation may be performed with reference to the parameter calculation flow diagram of fig. 8. In the parameter calculation process, the angular frequencies and L of the two carriers1、L2It can be predetermined that it can be deduced that:
Figure BDA0002658826130000111
from (5) and (6), it can be derived:
Figure BDA0002658826130000112
from (7) and (8) it can be deduced that:
Figure BDA0002658826130000113
(11) and (12) in combination:
Figure BDA0002658826130000114
defining the operating angular frequency of the full-bridge inverter as omegar=2πfrFor a two-sided LCC type wireless power transmission system, Cp、Cs、Cf1And Cf2Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002658826130000121
the wave-resistance network (wave-resistance network) is used for blocking high-frequency signal carriers from entering a power inverter and a rectifier loop, and the higher the impedance of the wave-resistance network is, the better the impedance is. However, in practical application, due to the limitations of equivalent series resistance of the inductor, system space and cost, Lr should be selected reasonably1And Lr2The inductance value of (c). Within the range allowed by the technical conditions, the higher the inductance value is, the higher the Q value is, the higher the impedance of the wave-blocking network is, and the following can be deduced:
Figure BDA0002658826130000122
in order to reduce interference between power transmission and signal transmission, in such a system the angular frequency should satisfy ω12>>ωrWherein ω is2Corresponding to a frequency in the order of MHz, omegarOn the order of kHz.
As can be seen from (4), for the energy carrier with lower frequency, the choke network can be equivalent to an inductor, and the equivalent inductor is:
Figure BDA0002658826130000123
will omega2And omegarAnd ω1And omegarThe ratios of (a) and (b) are defined as a and,
Figure BDA0002658826130000124
and substituting it into (16) can result in:
Figure BDA0002658826130000125
from (17):
Figure BDA0002658826130000131
fifth, system performance analysis
1) Influence of added signal channels on energy transfer
In analyzing the impact of an increase in data transmission channels on power transmission, two issues need to be considered. One is power transmission loss due to the addition of data transmission circuitry; another is interference of signal transmission to power transmission[8]. According to the characteristics of the series network, (L)p,Cpp) And (L)s,Css) The resonance angular frequency of the formed network is far higher than that of the power channel, CppAnd CssAre small. The impedance of these two capacitors at the power resonance frequency is high. Therefore, the power current passing through the data transmission channel is small and negligible compared to the primary coil current and the secondary coil current, and the power transmission loss due to the increase of the data transmission channel is negligible. The signal circuit energy is minimal in terms of interference of data transmission to power transmission, so interference of data transmission to the power channel can be ignored.
2) Influence of energy transmission on signal transmission
In order to realize high-quality data transmission, the carrier capacity of output data should be increased as much as possible in the system design process, and the interference of power transmission should be weakened. The disturbance of the power transfer mainly comes from the disturbance voltage generated by the low-frequency power current passing through the resistor to the sampling resistor. Taking the primary side as an example, powerChannel pair R1The operation circuit of the interference of (2) is shown in fig. 9.
ULpIs the voltage of the primary winding. When the voltage of the primary coil excited by the power current is calculated, the signal channel can be ignored because the signal channel has high impedance to the power carrier.
The primary winding voltage is:
Figure BDA0002658826130000132
in the formula IpIs the power current of the primary winding, ZrIs the reflected impedance of the secondary side. ZrCan be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000133
energy in sampling resistor R1The disturb voltage on can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000141
wherein ZpsigImpedance of signal path to power carrier, ZpsigCan be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000142
the energy carrier wave can be obtained at the sampling resistor R in the same way2The interference voltage on.
3) Crosstalk between two signal carriers
In practical application, the inductor has internal resistance, and the impedance of the parallel network cannot reach infinity under the resonance angular frequency. In order to analyze data transmission crosstalk, the internal resistance of the inductor must be considered. A circuit diagram of a full duplex communication channel is shown in fig. 10. Rs1、Rs2、Rsp、Rss、Rs2′、Rs1' are each L2、L1、LP、Ls、L2′、L1' of the internal resistance.
When considering the inductance internal resistance, the impedance of the parallel network can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000143
where L, C, R and ω are the inductance, capacitance, internal resistance of the parallel network inductance and angular frequency of the data carrier, respectively.
Definition of
Figure BDA0002658826130000144
And substituting (23) to obtain:
Figure BDA0002658826130000145
when ω L>>When R, gamma is approximately equal to 0, ZparaThe imaginary part of (b) can be rewritten as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000146
from (25), when the internal resistance of the inductor is much smaller than ω L, the resonant network is hardly affected by the internal resistance.
When data is transmitted in the forward direction, the interference of the reverse data transmission is mainly R2Is composed of AC2The resulting voltage. (L)2,C2) The impedance of the parallel network is relatively large, and the parallel network can be simplified into an open circuit. The reflected impedance of the main signal path can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000151
in calculating the data carrier current of the secondary side, (L)2′,C2') the impedance of the parallel network is relatively large, which can be used as an open circuit to simplify the calculation. Data carrier from which secondary side can be derivedWave current:
Figure BDA0002658826130000152
secondary side series network (L)s,Css) Voltage of (c):
Figure BDA0002658826130000153
reverse signal carrier at R2Upper interference voltage Uint-AC2Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002658826130000154
wherein
Figure BDA0002658826130000155
Is a reaction with R2The impedance of the connected parallel networks.
When the signal is transmitted in the reverse direction, the forward signal carrier at R can be obtained in the same way as the forward transmission1Upper interference voltage Uint-AC1
Figure BDA0002658826130000156
Wherein, Us-p
Figure BDA0002658826130000161
Ip-sigAnd Zr-sigsVoltage of the primary side series network, and R1The impedance of the connected parallel network, the carrier current of the primary side signal and the reflection impedance of the secondary side signal channel.
4) Signal transmission
When the signal is transmitted in the forward direction, the voltage u is transmitted from the primary side signal source1To the secondary side sampling resistor R2Voltage u4The transfer function of (d) can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000162
when the signal is transmitted reversely, the voltage u is from the secondary side signal source2To the primary side sampling resistor R1Voltage u3The transfer function of (d) can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000163
5) energy transmission
From the full bridge inverter output voltage to the equivalent load ReqThe transfer function of the voltage can be derived as:
Figure BDA0002658826130000164
sixth, experimental results and verification
In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, an experimental platform was set up based on fig. 2. As described in the second section, the signal path has a high impedance to the power wave and can be considered an open circuit. L is1=25uH,L2=47uH,R 11000 Ω, and three groups of ω1And ω21=2π*2*106,ω2=2π*1.2*106,ω1=2π*3*106,ω2=2π*1.5*106And ω1=2π*4*106,ω2=2π*2*106) From which C can be deduced1、C2、LpAnd CppAnd the like. Substituting (22) the parameter and the switching frequency f of the full-bridge inverterrWhen the frequency is changed from 40kHz to 100kHz, L can be obtainedpAs shown in fig. 11.
FIG. 11 shows that:
a) the impedance of the signal channel to the power wave is far higher than LpImpedance to power waves.
b) The impedance of the signal channel is in positive correlation with the frequency ratio of the signal wave to the power wave. The larger the ratio, the higher the impedance.
As mentioned above, signal transmission may cause negligible interference with energy transmission. A set of system parameters listed in table 1 was selected and the response of the energy transmission channel was analyzed for the presence or absence of signal channel (choke network) additions.
TABLE 1 System parameters
Figure BDA0002658826130000171
A Bode diagram of the energy transmission channel is shown in fig. 12. As can be derived from fig. 12, at the switching frequency of the full-bridge inverter, the gain of the energy transmission channel is the same if a choke network is added. The power transfer at the inverter switching frequency is hardly affected by the signal channel.
When no energy is transmitted, the signal transmission waveform is as shown in fig. 13. The second waveform indicated by the arrow from top to bottom in the figure is the primary sampling resistor R1The voltage waveform of the upper voltage has an envelope with smaller amplitude and the primary side carrier wave is at R1The generated interference voltage. The first waveform is the waveform of the second waveform after envelope detection and voltage comparison shaping. The fourth waveform is a secondary side sampling resistor R2The voltage waveform of the upper voltage, the envelope with smaller amplitude is that the secondary side carrier is at R2The generated interference voltage. The third waveform is the waveform of the fourth waveform after envelope detection and voltage comparison shaping. When the first waveform and the third waveform are high at the same time, that is, it indicates that two carriers are transmitted simultaneously in the signal channel, and it can be known from the figure that the forward transmission and the reverse transmission of the signal carrier can be performed simultaneously.
When energy signals are transmitted simultaneously, the signal transmission waveform is shown in fig. 14. When energy and a signal are transmitted simultaneously, it can be seen that the interference voltage of the energy to the signal and the interference voltage of the signal carrier to another signal carrier are superposed, so that the interference voltage to the signal is increased, the demodulation of the signal is influenced, and the successful demodulation of the signal can be realized by adjusting the threshold voltage of the appropriate comparator.
When energy signals are transmitted simultaneously, the energy transmission channel waveforms are shown in fig. 15. When energy signals are transmitted simultaneously, arrows in fig. 15 from top to bottom indicate a secondary-side rectified output voltage waveform, a primary-side inverted current waveform, and an inverted output voltage waveform, respectively.
Seven, conclusion
The system adopts an Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) modulation mode for signal modulation, and both modulation and demodulation are relatively simple and easy to realize, thereby reducing the complexity of circuit design realization. The system performance and the crosstalk between the energy transmission and the signal transmission are analyzed, and finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by building an experimental platform. Experimental results show that bidirectional synchronous transmission of signals can be realized while energy is transmitted wirelessly.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. Synchronous full duplex communication wireless power transmission system based on single coil coupling mechanism, its characterized in that: the device comprises a power transmission channel and a signal transmission channel;
the power transmission channel comprises a direct current input circuit, a high-frequency inverter circuit, a power primary side resonant network, a coupling circuit, a power secondary side resonant network, a rectifier and a load which are sequentially connected according to the energy transmission direction;
the coupling circuit comprises a primary coil and a secondary coil which are respectively connected with the power primary side resonance network and the power secondary side resonance network;
the signal transmission channel comprises a signal primary side series resonance capacitor connected in series at one end of the primary side coil and a signal secondary side series resonance capacitor connected in series at one end of the secondary side coil, the primary side coil and the signal primary side series resonance capacitor form a signal primary side series resonance network, and the secondary side coil and the signal secondary side series resonance capacitor form a signal secondary side series resonance network;
the signal transmission channel also comprises a primary side forward link and a primary side reverse link which are connected with the signal primary side series resonance network in parallel, and a secondary side forward link and a secondary side reverse link which are connected with the signal secondary side series resonance network in parallel;
the primary side forward link comprises a primary side forward parallel resonant network and a primary side signal modulation circuit which are connected in series, the primary side reverse link comprises a primary side reverse parallel resonant network and a primary side sampling resistor which are connected in series, the secondary side forward link comprises a secondary side forward parallel resonant network and a secondary side sampling resistor which are connected in series, and the secondary side reverse link comprises a secondary side reverse parallel resonant network and a secondary side signal modulation circuit which are connected in series;
the signal transmission channel further comprises a primary side signal demodulation circuit connected with the primary side sampling resistor, and a secondary side signal demodulation circuit connected with the secondary side sampling resistor.
2. The synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transfer system based on a single-coil coupling mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the signal primary side reverse parallel resonant network comprises a primary side first resonant capacitor and a primary side first inductor which are connected in parallel, the signal primary side forward parallel resonant network comprises a primary side second resonant capacitor and a primary side second inductor which are connected in parallel, the signal secondary side reverse parallel resonant network comprises a secondary side first resonant capacitor and a secondary side first inductor which are connected in parallel, and the signal secondary side forward parallel resonant network comprises a secondary side second resonant capacitor and a secondary side second inductor which are connected in parallel.
3. The wireless power transmission system for synchronous full-duplex communication based on the single-coil coupling mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the primary side first resonant capacitor, the primary side first inductor, the secondary side first resonant capacitor, the secondary side first inductor, and the primary side signal modulation circuit satisfy:
Figure FDA0002658826120000021
wherein, ω is1Representing the angular frequency, C, of a primary-side signal source in said primary-side signal modulation circuit1、L1、C1'、L1' respectively represents the primary side first resonant capacitor, the primary side first inductor, the secondary side first resonant capacitor and the secondary side first inductor.
4. The synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transfer system based on a single-coil coupling mechanism of claim 2, wherein: the primary side second resonant capacitor, the primary side second inductor, the secondary side second resonant capacitor, the secondary side second inductor and the secondary side signal modulation circuit meet the following requirements:
Figure FDA0002658826120000022
wherein, ω is2Representing the angular frequency, C, of a secondary signal source in said secondary signal modulation circuit2、L2、C2'、L2' respectively represents the primary side second resonant capacitor, the primary side second inductor, the secondary side second resonant capacitor and the secondary side second inductor.
5. The synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transfer system based on a single-coil coupling mechanism of claim 4, wherein:
the power primary side resonant network comprises a power primary side series resonant capacitor connected in series with one end of the primary side coil, a power primary side compensation capacitor connected in series with the other end of the primary side coil, and a power primary side wave blocking network connected in series with the power primary side compensation capacitor;
the power secondary side resonance network comprises a power secondary side series resonance capacitor connected in series with one end of the secondary side coil, a power secondary side compensation capacitor connected in series with the other end of the secondary side coil, and a power secondary side wave-blocking network connected in series with the power secondary side compensation capacitor.
6. The synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transfer system based on a single-coil coupling mechanism of claim 5, wherein: the power primary side wave-blocking network comprises a primary side first LC parallel wave-blocking network and a primary side second LC parallel wave-blocking network which are connected in series, and the power secondary side wave-blocking network comprises a secondary side first LC parallel wave-blocking network and a secondary side second LC parallel wave-blocking network which are connected in series.
7. The synchronous full-duplex communication wireless power transfer system based on a single-coil coupling mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the primary side signal modulation circuit and the secondary side signal modulation circuit adopt an ASK modulation mode.
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