CN111987711A - Ship direct-current micro-grid system - Google Patents
Ship direct-current micro-grid system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111987711A CN111987711A CN202010842952.3A CN202010842952A CN111987711A CN 111987711 A CN111987711 A CN 111987711A CN 202010842952 A CN202010842952 A CN 202010842952A CN 111987711 A CN111987711 A CN 111987711A
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- direct
- grid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
- H02J1/084—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
- H02J1/086—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing alternative feeding paths between load or loads and source or sources when the main path fails
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ship direct-current micro-grid system which comprises a main direct-current bus, a standby direct-current bus, a plurality of power generation units and a plurality of load units. And the power generation units and the load units are preferentially connected into the main direct current bus according to the states of the two direct current buses, and are connected into the standby direct current bus when the main direct current bus fails. The invention provides a flexible and efficient platform for integration and utilization of clean energy such as solar energy, wind energy and the like by adopting a micro-grid technology, effectively solves the problems of fluctuation and uncontrollable of intermittent energy, and applies the micro-grid technology to a ship power system. According to the characteristics of a ship power system, a direct-current micro-grid is adopted to replace a traditional alternating-current micro-grid, and the power supply reliability is improved through a redundant bus structure. The invention can be widely applied to marine ships, applies the direct-current micro-grid technology to a ship power system, and has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, reliable power supply, full energy utilization, low running cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to a ship direct-current micro-grid system.
Background
With the rapid development of global trade, the sea transportation is always one of the most important ways of world trade transportation due to the combined advantages of low transportation cost and large transportation volume. The marine power generation system mainly uses fuel fossil energy, and combustion products of the marine power generation system include C02, NOx, SOX, carbon granules and the like. A ship with a capacity of 15 knots at 2 ten thousand tons will have a daily fuel consumption of up to 65 tons, corresponding to a C02 emission of up to 202 tons.
The increasing number of marine vessels also causes serious environmental pollution. The consumption of non-renewable energy sources such as diesel oil and the like causes the earth resources to be increasingly deficient, and the power generation cost is increased. The generation of greenhouse gases makes the earth temperature higher and higher, and influences the ecological balance.
In part of the prior art, the micro-grid is adopted as a power system of the ship, so that the problems can be partially solved. The micro-grid is a small-sized power generation and distribution system which organically combines a distributed power supply, an energy storage device, a power load, power electronics and the like. By applying technologies such as micro-grid operation control and energy management, the distributed power supply can be utilized to the maximum extent, and the power quality and the power supply reliability are improved. In a land power grid, the micro-grid is adopted for the main purpose of solving the high penetration problem of the large-scale access of the distributed power supply to the power grid, so that the impact of the distributed power generation on the power grid is weakened. The micro-grid technology provides a flexible and efficient platform for integration and utilization of clean energy such as solar energy, wind energy and the like.
However, the existing distributed power supply has a high penetration problem when being connected to a power grid in a large scale, the impact on the power grid is strong, and the intermittency, the fluctuation and the uncontrollable performance of clean energy such as solar power generation and wind power generation further restrict the application of a new energy power generation technology on ships.
Traditional little electric wire netting is mostly exchange system, but exchange system has the balanced and stable problem of reactive power, and the power supply reliability is not high. Most of the electric appliances use direct current, and alternating current can be used after rectification and filtration. And the direct current can be directly used without a rectifying and filtering device.
The traditional micro-grid is constructed near a user side as a supplement of a main grid, but the ship micro-grid is different from the traditional micro-grid because the ship micro-grid is a compact and complete power system integrating power generation, power transmission, power transformation, power distribution and power utilization, so that distributed power sources in the ship power system are various in types, various in operation states and different in control modes, and the ship micro-grid becomes a multi-dimensional complex system with various variables, complex in operation and strong uncertainty.
In addition, most of the traditional micro-grids are of a single-bus structure. The power system with the single-bus structure has poor power supply reliability, is suitable for small civil ships with single voltage class of electric equipment and only loading a third class of loads, and is not suitable for large-scale popularization and use. The structure of the single-bus ship direct-current microgrid is shown in fig. 1.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ship direct current micro-grid system according to the defects of the prior art,
the purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a ship direct-current micro-grid system comprises a main direct-current bus, a standby direct-current bus, a plurality of power generation units and a plurality of load units;
when the main direct current bus is normal, each power generation unit and each load unit are connected to the main direct current bus; when the main direct current bus fails, each power generation unit and each load unit are connected to the standby direct current bus;
the power generation unit comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a fuel cell unit, a gas turbine and a battery energy storage system; the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected with a direct current bus through a unidirectional DC/DC converter, the wind power generation unit is connected with the direct current bus through a unidirectional AC/DC converter, the fuel cell unit is connected with the direct current bus through the unidirectional DC/DC converter, the gas turbine is connected with the direct current bus through the unidirectional AC/DC converter, and the battery energy storage system is connected with the direct current bus through a bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the load unit comprises a direct current load unit and an alternating current load unit; the direct-current load unit is connected to a direct-current bus through a unidirectional DC/DC converter; the alternating current load unit is connected to the direct current bus through the unidirectional DC/AC converter.
The invention is further improved in that the system also comprises a shore power access unit; and the shore power access unit is accessed to the direct current bus through the unidirectional AC/DC converter.
The invention has the advantages that: the micro-grid technology provides a flexible and efficient platform for integration and utilization of clean energy such as solar energy, wind energy and the like, effectively solves the problems of fluctuation and uncontrollable of intermittent energy, and is applied to a ship power system. According to the characteristics of a ship power system, a direct-current micro-grid is adopted to replace a traditional alternating-current micro-grid, and the standby direct-current bus is used as a redundant bus structure, so that the power supply reliability is improved. The invention can be widely applied to marine ships, applies the direct-current micro-grid technology to a ship power system, and has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, reliable power supply, full energy utilization, low running cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional marine DC microgrid;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the ship dc microgrid according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:
example (b): as shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the invention includes a marine dc microgrid system comprising a main dc bus, a backup dc bus, a plurality of power generation units, a plurality of load units;
when the main direct current bus is normal, each power generation unit and each load unit are connected to the main direct current bus; and when the main direct current bus fails, each power generation unit and each load unit are connected to the standby direct current bus.
The power generation unit comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a fuel cell unit, a gas turbine and a battery energy storage system. Most of the power generation units only generate energy, do not consume energy, and have unidirectional power transmission. The photovoltaic power generation unit is connected with the direct current bus through the unidirectional DC/DC converter, the wind power generation unit is connected with the direct current bus through the unidirectional AC/DC converter, the fuel cell unit is connected with the direct current bus through the unidirectional DC/DC converter, the gas turbine is connected with the direct current bus through the unidirectional AC/DC converter, and the battery energy storage system is connected with the direct current bus through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
In the embodiment, the battery energy storage system is very important in a ship direct-current micro-grid, energy can be generated and consumed, power transmission has bidirectional property, and when the power generated by the system is greater than the consumed power, the storage battery in the system stores and stores energy; when the power emitted by the system is smaller than the consumed power, the battery releases energy, valley power peak utilization is realized, and the stability and reliability of the micro-grid are improved.
The load unit comprises a direct current load unit and an alternating current load unit; the direct-current load unit is connected to a direct-current bus through a unidirectional DC/DC converter; the alternating current load unit is connected to the direct current bus through the unidirectional DC/AC converter.
The ship direct-current micro-grid system further comprises a shore power access unit; and the shore power access unit is accessed to the direct current bus through the unidirectional AC/DC converter.
In the embodiment, the distributed power supply technologies such as photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, fuel cells and energy storage are applied to the ship micro-grid, the connection form of the distributed power supply and the direct-current bus is simpler and more convenient, coordination control among the distributed power supplies is easy to realize, the bus voltage is the only index for measuring the active power balance in the ship direct-current micro-grid system, the problems of reactive power balance and stability in the ship alternating-current micro-grid are solved, and the power supply reliability is improved.
The ship direct-current micro-grid in the embodiment is a divisible energy supply network formed by using a group of marine renewable new energy power generation and traditional fossil fuel power generation as a cluster and combining ship operation characteristics and part of important load electric energy quality management of the ship direct-current micro-grid.
The ship direct current microgrid of the present embodiment is an independent small-sized power system. The ship operates on the sea most of time, the direct-current micro-grid of the ship does not enter an island state when the main power grid fails or operates abnormally, but is in the island state most of time, and the micro-grid is regarded as the main power grid of a ship power system.
The ship has a limited area. The direct-current micro-grid adopts a power electronic converter with higher power density to replace a transformer with large volume and weight to realize voltage conversion, so that the space area of a ship can be saved. Since generator prime mover speed is decoupled from the power system frequency, fuel consumption is reduced enabling it to operate at optimal speeds. This function is particularly useful for vessels with variable load heights. Due to the fact that the occupied area of the electrical equipment is reduced, larger cargo space and a ship with stronger function are achieved. The savings in terms of space requirement and weight of the electrical installation can be up to 30%. These significant savings result primarily from the reduction in switchboard size and rating, the use of smaller high speed generators, and the elimination of large low frequency thrust transformers. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the line is short, the influence of network loss on system economy and stability can be generally ignored.
The ship direct-current micro-grid with the redundant bus structure adopts a power supply form of a plurality of buses, usually two buses are adopted, one bus is electrified, and the other bus is standby. When the live bus breaks down or is overhauled, the standby bus can be used for continuously supplying power, and uninterrupted power supply of electric equipment is guaranteed. The redundant bus ship dc microgrid structure of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
In this embodiment, in order to reduce the use of non-renewable energy, reduce environmental pollution, and achieve the goal of "green ships", a diesel engine unit using heavy oil is replaced with a photovoltaic cell, a wind power generation unit, and a fuel cell.
In the embodiment, in order to solve the problem of high penetration of a distributed power source which is connected to a power grid in a large scale and weaken the impact of distributed power generation on the power grid, a micro-grid technology is adopted.
In this embodiment, in order to overcome the deficiency of the ac microgrid, a dc microgrid suitable for characteristics of the ship power system is selected as a networking mode of the ship power system.
In this embodiment, in order to improve power supply reliability, flexibility, improve the electric energy quality, use redundant formula bus boats and ships direct current microgrid structure.
The ship direct-current micro-grid system provided by the invention is characterized in that multiple new energy sources, an energy storage device, an energy conversion device, a load and the like are integrated into a whole to construct a strong-coupling, nonlinear and highly-cooperative autonomous system capable of realizing self-control, protection and management.
Due to the important position of marine transportation in the transportation industry, the number of ships is large, and the traditional ships generate electricity through diesel oil, and because the new energy resources on the sea are rich, the illumination time is long, the wind power is large and the like, the novel energy resource power generation system is very suitable for being used as a main power generation mode of a ship power system. This greatly reduces pollution and improves global climate and environment. Meanwhile, compared with fossil fuels such as diesel oil and the like, the new energy is low in price, and the marine transportation cost is reduced.
The ship direct-current micro-grid system adopting the redundant bus structure is flexible in wiring mode, reduces power failure caused by line maintenance or faults, is high in power supply reliability, and improves power quality.
The invention applies the new energy power generation technology to the marine ship, fully utilizes the rich advantages of the marine new energy, reduces the power supply proportion of the fossil energy in the ship power system, and introduces clean energy for supplement and gradually replaces fossil fuel.
The micro-grid technology provides a flexible and efficient platform for integration and utilization of clean energy such as solar energy, wind energy and the like, effectively solves the problems of fluctuation and uncontrollable of intermittent energy, and is applied to a ship power system. According to the characteristics of a ship power system, a direct-current micro-grid is adopted to replace a traditional alternating-current micro-grid, and the power supply reliability is improved through a redundant bus structure.
The invention can be widely applied to marine ships, applies the direct-current micro-grid technology to a ship power system, and has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, reliable power supply, full energy utilization, low running cost and the like.
The above embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A ship direct-current micro-grid system is characterized by comprising a main direct-current bus, a standby direct-current bus, a plurality of power generation units and a plurality of load units;
when the main direct current bus is normal, each power generation unit and each load unit are connected to the main direct current bus; when the main direct current bus fails, each power generation unit and each load unit are connected to the standby direct current bus;
the power generation unit comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a fuel cell unit, a gas turbine and a battery energy storage system; the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected with a direct current bus through a unidirectional DC/DC converter, the wind power generation unit is connected with the direct current bus through a unidirectional AC/DC converter, the fuel cell unit is connected with the direct current bus through the unidirectional DC/DC converter, the gas turbine is connected with the direct current bus through the unidirectional AC/DC converter, and the battery energy storage system is connected with the direct current bus through a bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the load unit comprises a direct current load unit and an alternating current load unit; the direct-current load unit is connected to a direct-current bus through a unidirectional DC/DC converter; the alternating current load unit is connected to the direct current bus through the unidirectional DC/AC converter.
2. The ship direct-current micro-grid system according to claim 1, further comprising a shore power access unit; and the shore power access unit is accessed to the direct current bus through the unidirectional AC/DC converter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010842952.3A CN111987711A (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Ship direct-current micro-grid system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010842952.3A CN111987711A (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Ship direct-current micro-grid system |
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| CN111987711A true CN111987711A (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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| CN202010842952.3A Pending CN111987711A (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Ship direct-current micro-grid system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113471954A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-01 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Novel space satellite power supply system composite bus topological structure |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102904281A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-30 | 同济大学 | Micro-grid system for ships |
| CN205429725U (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-08-03 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Many generating lines residential block power supply system based on little electric wire netting of direct current |
| CN106809363A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2017-06-09 | 上海冠图电气科技有限公司 | Ship polymorphic type energy management system and energy management method |
| CN107026447A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-08 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of green data center electric power system based on many direct-current grids |
| CN207283164U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-27 | 三峡大学 | A kind of high reliability DC distribution net system containing more busbares |
-
2020
- 2020-08-20 CN CN202010842952.3A patent/CN111987711A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102904281A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-30 | 同济大学 | Micro-grid system for ships |
| CN106809363A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2017-06-09 | 上海冠图电气科技有限公司 | Ship polymorphic type energy management system and energy management method |
| CN205429725U (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-08-03 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Many generating lines residential block power supply system based on little electric wire netting of direct current |
| CN107026447A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-08 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of green data center electric power system based on many direct-current grids |
| CN207283164U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-27 | 三峡大学 | A kind of high reliability DC distribution net system containing more busbares |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113471954A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-01 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Novel space satellite power supply system composite bus topological structure |
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Application publication date: 20201124 |
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