CN111987378A - Charging and discharging method for improving OCV consistency of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Charging and discharging method for improving OCV consistency of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111987378A CN111987378A CN202010812983.4A CN202010812983A CN111987378A CN 111987378 A CN111987378 A CN 111987378A CN 202010812983 A CN202010812983 A CN 202010812983A CN 111987378 A CN111987378 A CN 111987378A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a charging and discharging method for improving the OCV consistency of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps: step one, constant current and constant voltage charging: charging the voltage of a plurality of batteries with the same type to a first voltage V by adopting a constant-current constant-voltage charging mode1(ii) a Step two, standing step: continuously standing the battery for 5-30 min; step three, constant current discharging step: discharging 1CAh from multiple batteries by adopting a constant-current discharge mode; step four, standing: continuously standing the plurality of batteries for 5-30 min; step five, constant current and constant voltage charging: charging the voltage of the multiple batteries to a second voltage V by adopting a constant-current constant-voltage charging mode2(ii) a Sixthly, standing: and keeping the plurality of batteries still for 5-30 min, and finally improving the consistency of the open-circuit voltage OCV of the plurality of batteries. The invention can effectively improve lithium ionsThe uniformity of the OCV of the batteries reduces the differential pressure value and the OCV dispersion of a plurality of batteries in the same batch.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a charging and discharging method for improving the OCV consistency of a lithium ion battery.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have been developed and applied to small and portable consumer electronics products in the fields of large and medium-sized energy storage devices, new energy vehicles and the like due to the characteristics of high energy density, excellent cycle life and the like.
In the actual use process of the lithium ion battery, in order to ensure the voltage and capacity requirements of the battery system, multiple series-parallel connection modes are generally adopted, which puts higher requirements on the consistency of the lithium ion battery.
Currently, lithium batteries within a certain Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) range are usually selected as battery cells in a set of systems to ensure that the initial voltage difference of the system is less than a certain value. Open circuit voltage, i.e. the voltage can reach a basically stable value after the battery is fully left for a period of time after a certain charge and discharge, and the value is the open circuit voltage.
Therefore, how to effectively adjust the OCV of the lithium battery through the charging and discharging system, reduce the open-circuit voltage differential value (Δ OCV) of the batteries in the same batch, improve the battery matching rate in the same batch, play a very critical role in the use of a battery system, and are technical problems to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a charging and discharging method for improving the consistency of OCV of a lithium ion battery aiming at the technical defects in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides a charging and discharging method for improving the OCV consistency of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps:
step one, constant current and constant voltage charging: using constant currentThe constant voltage charging system charges the voltage of a plurality of batteries with the same type to a first voltage V1；
Step two, standing step: continuously standing the plurality of batteries subjected to the first step for 5-30 min;
step three, constant current discharging step: discharging 1CAh from the multiple batteries after the second step by adopting a constant current discharge system;
step four, standing: continuously standing the plurality of batteries subjected to the third step for 5-30 min;
step five, constant current and constant voltage charging: continuously adopting a constant-current constant-voltage charging mode to charge the voltages of the plurality of batteries completing the fourth step to a second voltage V2；
Sixthly, standing: and continuously standing the plurality of batteries after the fifth step for 5-30 min, and finally improving the consistency of the open-circuit voltage OCV of the plurality of batteries.
In the first step, the constant-current and constant-voltage charging step of the first step, the charging stage is divided into a constant-current stage and a constant-voltage stage, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, in the constant current stage, a first current I is preset1Charging the battery to a first voltage V1Charging for 30-300 min, and then switching to a constant voltage stage to limit voltage V1Charging current is limited to a predetermined second current I2The charging time is 30-100 min;
wherein, I1≤0.5CAh；I2≤0.05CAh；4.15V≤V1≤4.35V。
In the third step, the constant current discharge step in the third step specifically adopts a preset third current I3Performing constant-current discharge, wherein the capacity is limited to 1.0CAh, and the discharge time is 60-300 min;
wherein, I3≤1.0CAh。
In the fifth step, the constant-current and constant-voltage charging step in the fifth step, the charging stage is divided into a constant-current stage and a constant-voltage stage, and specifically, the charging stage comprises: firstly, in the constant current stage, a fourth current I is preset4Charging the battery to a second voltage V2Charging for 30-300 min, and then switching to a constant voltage stage to limit voltage V2Charging current is limited to a fifth current I5The charging time is 30-100 min;
wherein, I4≤0.5CAh；I5≤0.05CAh；3.50V≤V2≤3.72V。
Wherein, the batteries in the first step to the sixth step are all at the ambient temperature of 25 +/-5 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the charge and discharge method for improving the consistency of the OCV of the lithium ion battery is scientific in design, can effectively improve the consistency of the OCV of the lithium ion battery, reduces the open-circuit voltage differential pressure values (delta OCV) of a plurality of batteries in the same batch, and effectively reduces the distribution of the OCV of the plurality of batteries in the same batch. The ternary lithium ion battery charging and discharging method provided by the invention is simple to operate, has low equipment requirement, can effectively reduce the open-circuit voltage OCV differential pressure in the subsequent series-parallel connection use process, and has great practical significance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a charging and discharging method for improving OCV consistency of a lithium ion battery according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a dispersion diagram of open-circuit voltage OCV of a plurality of batteries of the same type according to the charging and discharging method for improving OCV consistency of lithium ion batteries provided by the present invention, in example 1;
fig. 3 is a plot of open circuit voltage OCV dispersions after charging and discharging for a plurality of cells of the same type of comparative example 1 without the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a charge and discharge method for improving OCV consistency of a lithium ion battery, which is applied to a ternary lithium ion battery and includes the following steps:
step one, constant current and constant voltage charging: charging the voltage of a plurality of batteries with the same type to a first voltage V by adopting a constant-current constant-voltage charging mode1；
Step two, standing step: continuously standing the plurality of batteries subjected to the first step for 5-30 min;
step three, constant current discharging step: discharging 1CAh from the multiple batteries after the second step by adopting a constant current discharge system;
c is a battery charge/discharge capacity rate, and 1C represents a current intensity at one-hour complete discharge of the battery.
Step four, standing: continuously standing the plurality of batteries subjected to the third step for 5-30 min;
step five, constant current and constant voltage charging: continuously adopting a constant-current constant-voltage charging mode to charge the voltages of the plurality of batteries completing the fourth step to a second voltage V2；
Sixthly, standing: and continuously standing the plurality of batteries after the fifth step for 5-30 min, and finally improving the consistency of the open-circuit voltage OCV of the plurality of batteries.
In the first step, the constant-current and constant-voltage charging step in the first step, the charging stage is divided into a constant-current stage and a constant-voltage stage, and specifically, the constant-current and constant-voltage charging step comprises: firstly, in the constant current stage, a first current I is preset1Charging the battery to a first voltage V1Charging for 30-300 min, and then switching to a constant voltage stage to limit voltage V1Charging current is limited to a predetermined second current I2The charging time is 30-100 min;
wherein, I1≤0.5CAh；I2≤0.05CAh；4.15V≤V1≤4.35V。
In the invention, in the third step, the constant current discharge step of the third step specifically adopts the preset third current I3Performing constant-current discharge, wherein the capacity is limited to 1.0CAh, and the discharge time is 60-300 min;
wherein, I3≤1.0CAh。
In the fifth step, the constant-current and constant-voltage charging step in the fifth step, the charging stage is divided into a constant-current stage and a constant-voltage stage, and specifically includes: firstly, in the constant current stage, a fourth current I is preset4Charging the battery to a second voltage V2Time of charging30-300 min, then switching to a constant pressure stage, and limiting the pressure V2Charging current is limited to a fifth current I5The charging time is 30-100 min;
wherein, I4≤0.5CAh；I5≤0.05CAh；3.50V≤V2≤3.72V。
In the invention, the batteries in the first step to the sixth step are all at the ambient temperature of 25 +/-5 ℃.
In the invention, in concrete implementation, the batteries in the first step to the sixth step are all in the existing clamp, and the thickness of the battery which can be bound by the clamp is 26.5 +/-0.2 mm.
Based on the technical scheme, the charge and discharge method has scientific design and low requirement on charge and discharge equipment, can effectively improve the consistency and the utilization rate of the batteries in the same batch by using the conventional charge and discharge equipment, and is easy to realize industrial production.
In order to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is described below by specific examples.
Example 1.
The invention provides a charge and discharge method for improving the OCV consistency of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps:
step one, constant current and constant voltage charging: in the constant current stage, a plurality of batteries of the same type are charged to 4.2V for 200min at the current of 0.3CAh, and then the constant voltage stage is switched to limit the voltage to 4.2V, the charging current is limited to 0.05CAh, and the charging time is 100 min;
step two, standing step: standing the plurality of batteries subjected to the first step for 30 min;
step three, constant current discharging step: discharging the multiple batteries after the second step to 1CAh by adopting a 0.3CAh constant-current discharge system;
step four, standing: standing the plurality of batteries subjected to the third step for 30 min;
step five, constant current and constant voltage charging: charging the plurality of batteries which finish the fourth step to 3.54V by adopting a constant-current and constant-voltage charging mode, charging the batteries to 3.54V by using a current of 0.3CAh in a constant-current stage for 200min, then switching to a constant-voltage stage, limiting the voltage to 3.54V, limiting the charging current to 0.02CAh and charging for 100 min;
sixthly, standing: and standing the plurality of batteries after the fifth step for 30min, and finally improving the consistency of the open-circuit voltage OCV of the plurality of batteries.
Comparative example 1.
The method comprises the following steps of charging and discharging a plurality of batteries with the same type, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
step one, constant current and constant voltage charging: in the constant current stage, a plurality of batteries are charged to 4.2V at the current of 0.3CAh for 200min, and then the constant voltage stage is switched to limit the voltage to 4.2V, the charging current is limited to 0.05CAh, and the charging time is 100 min;
step two, standing step: standing the battery subjected to the first step for 30 min;
step three, constant current discharging step: discharging the battery after the second step to a voltage limited of 2.8V by adopting a 0.3CAh constant current discharge system;
step four, standing: standing the battery subjected to the third step for 30 min;
step five, constant current and constant voltage charging: and (5) charging the battery subjected to the fourth step by using a constant current of 0.3CAh, and charging the battery to a capacity of 1/5 CAh.
Sixthly, standing: standing the battery after the fifth step for 30 min;
the open circuit voltage OCV after charging and discharging was counted for a plurality of cells of the same type as in example 1 and comparative example 1, and the results are shown in fig. 2 and 3. In which fig. 2 represents the open circuit voltage OCV dispersion results of a plurality of cells of the same model of example 1, and fig. 3 represents the open circuit voltage OCV dispersion results of a plurality of cells of the same model of comparative example 1.
As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, compared with comparative example 1, the open-circuit voltage OCV distribution of the plurality of batteries obtained in example 1 of the present invention is small, and the voltage consistency is good, so that it can be seen that by using the charging and discharging method of the present invention, the open-circuit voltage OCV distribution of the plurality of batteries of the same type in the same batch can be effectively reduced, the voltage consistency is improved, and the value of the open-circuit voltage differential value Δ OCV after series-parallel connection is reduced.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the charge and discharge method for improving the consistency of the OCV of the lithium ion battery provided by the invention has a scientific design, can effectively improve the consistency of the OCV of the lithium ion battery, reduces the open-circuit voltage differential pressure value (Δ OCV) of a plurality of batteries in the same batch, and effectively reduces the OCV distribution of the plurality of batteries in the same batch. The ternary lithium ion battery charging and discharging method provided by the invention is simple to operate, has low equipment requirement, can effectively reduce the open-circuit voltage OCV differential pressure in the subsequent series-parallel connection use process, and has great practical significance.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A charge and discharge method for improving the OCV consistency of a lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, constant current and constant voltage charging: charging the voltage of a plurality of batteries with the same type to a first voltage V by adopting a constant-current constant-voltage charging mode1；
Step two, standing step: continuously standing the plurality of batteries subjected to the first step for 5-30 min;
step three, constant current discharging step: discharging 1CAh from the multiple batteries after the second step by adopting a constant current discharge system;
step four, standing: continuously standing the plurality of batteries subjected to the third step for 5-30 min;
step five, constant current and constant voltage charging: continuously adopting a constant-current constant-voltage charging mode to charge the voltages of the plurality of batteries completing the fourth step to a second voltage V2；
Sixthly, standing: and continuously standing the plurality of batteries after the fifth step for 5-30 min, and finally improving the consistency of the open-circuit voltage OCV of the plurality of batteries.
2. The charge and discharge method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the constant current and constant voltage charging step of the first step, the charging stage is divided into a constant current stage and a constant voltage stage, and specifically, the constant current stage and the constant voltage stage are as follows: firstly, in the constant current stage, a first current I is preset1Charging the battery to a first voltage V1Charging for 30-300 min, and then switching to a constant voltage stage to limit voltage V1Charging current is limited to a predetermined second current I2The charging time is 30-100 min;
wherein, I1≤0.5CAh；I2≤0.05CAh；4.15V≤V1≤4.35V。
3. The charging and discharging method according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the constant current discharging step of the third step, in particular with a predetermined third current I3Performing constant-current discharge, wherein the capacity is limited to 1.0CAh, and the discharge time is 60-300 min;
wherein, I3≤1.0CAh。
4. The charge and discharge method according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the constant current and constant voltage charging step of the fifth step, the charging stage is divided into a constant current stage and a constant voltage stage, and specifically, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, in the constant current stage, a fourth current I is preset4Charging the battery to a second voltage V2Charging for 30-300 min, and then switching to a constant voltage stage to limit voltage V2Charging current is limited to a fifth current I5The charging time is 30-100 min;
wherein, I4≤0.5CAh；I5≤0.05CAh；3.50V≤V2≤3.72V。
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the batteries in the first to sixth steps are all at an ambient temperature of 25 ± 5 ℃.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112531841A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-19 | 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 | Voltage adjusting method and device of lithium ion battery and storage medium |
| CN112599874A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-02 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Electrochemical pretreatment method for improving performance of quasi-solid lithium ion battery |
| CN112736310A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 惠州锂威新能源科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging method for improving consistency of K values of lithium ion batteries |
| CN114236397A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-25 | 红安力神动力电池***有限公司 | Echelon lithium battery residual capacity testing method |
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