CN111983281A - Electronic voltage sensor with three-way output and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Electronic voltage sensor with three-way output and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electronic voltage sensor with three-way output and a manufacturing method thereof, and the electronic voltage sensor comprises a high-voltage capacitor, a sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group, an energy-taking main capacitor group and an energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group which are sequentially connected between a power supply line and a grounding end, wherein input windings of a sampling voltage-dividing mutual inductor are connected to two ends of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group, input windings of the energy-taking voltage-dividing mutual inductor are connected to two ends of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group, a first output winding of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group and a first output winding of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group are connected in series and then connected to a first signal output line, a second output winding of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group and a second output winding of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group are connected in series. The product can provide high-precision sampling signals and enough working power supply at the same time, and has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, light weight and convenient installation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metering energy-taking devices, in particular to an electronic voltage sensor with three-way output and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In various high-voltage application scenes such as outdoor high-voltage lines, ring main units, switch cabinets and the like, high-voltage signals need to be sampled for voltage measurement, and metering and protection of electric quantity are required. At the same time, it is meaningful that the acquired signals must be processed subsequently, which requires the use of a working power supply.
The current solutions for providing both the sampling signal and the working power supply include the following:
firstly, the traditional electromagnetic voltage sensor is adopted, but the traditional electromagnetic voltage sensor has the defects of large volume, heavy weight, ferromagnetic resonance and the like, and can not be installed in a plurality of application occasions;
secondly, a solution of adopting an independent electronic voltage transformer and an external power supply (a traditional energy-taking voltage transformer or an electronic energy-taking voltage transformer) is adopted, but no matter which energy-taking power supply is adopted, the problem that a plurality of application occasions (such as a ring main unit) with narrow space cannot be installed is also solved.
Thirdly, a sampling unit is added on the basis of the electronic energy-taking PT, the problem that the two schemes cannot be installed in many occasions is solved, however, sampling signals fluctuate along with fluctuation of loads connected with a working power supply, the precision of the sampling signals cannot be guaranteed, and the sampling units cannot be applied to application occasions with requirements on measurement precision.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electronic voltage sensor with three-way output and a manufacturing method thereof, which can simultaneously provide two paths of sampling signals and a working power supply, and have the advantages of high sampling precision, simple structure, compact installation, stable and reliable performance and long service life.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the key point of the electronic voltage sensor with three-way output is as follows: the energy-taking and voltage-dividing circuit comprises a high-voltage capacitor, a sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group, an energy-taking main capacitor group, an energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group, a sampling voltage-dividing transformer, a transformer and an energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer, wherein the high-voltage capacitor, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group, the energy-taking main capacitor group and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group are sequentially connected between a power supply line and a grounding end, an input winding of the sampling voltage-dividing transformer is connected at two ends of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group, an input winding of the energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer is connected at two ends of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group, a first output winding of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group is connected in series with a first output winding of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group and then outputs a first path of sampling signals, a second output winding of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group is connected in series with a second output winding of the energy, the other end of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor is connected between the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank and a grounding end, and a secondary coil of the transformer outputs a working power supply.
Furthermore, the capacitance value ratio between the high-voltage capacitor and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank is fixed, the capacitance value ratio between the energy-taking main capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank is fixed, and the capacitance value ratio between the high-voltage capacitor and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank is consistent with the capacitance value ratio between the energy-taking main capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank.
Furthermore, the turn ratio of the input winding of the sampling voltage-dividing transformer to the first output winding thereof is consistent with the turn ratio of the input winding of the energy-taking voltage divider to the first output winding thereof, and the turn ratio of the input winding of the sampling voltage-dividing transformer to the second output winding thereof is consistent with the turn ratio of the input winding of the energy-taking voltage divider to the second output winding thereof.
Further, an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit and an overvoltage protection circuit are connected between the secondary coil of the transformer and the working power supply output line.
Furthermore, an impedance matching circuit is connected to the positive input end of the input winding of the energy-taking voltage division transformer.
Furthermore, the high-voltage capacitor is formed by serially connecting a plurality of capacitors with withstand voltage larger than 10 kV.
Furthermore, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group is formed by connecting a plurality of low-voltage CBB capacitors with withstand voltage of more than 400V in parallel; the energy-taking main capacitor group is formed by serially connecting a plurality of low-voltage CBB capacitors with withstand voltage of more than 400V; the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group is formed by connecting a plurality of low-voltage CBB capacitors with withstand voltage of more than 50V in parallel.
According to the structure of the electronic voltage sensor with three-way output, the application also provides a manufacturing method based on the electronic voltage sensor, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: connecting a plurality of first capacitors by adopting silver-plated copper wires to form the high-voltage capacitor, welding lead wires at two ends of the high-voltage capacitor, and installing the high-voltage capacitor in the high-voltage capacitor cavity;
step 2: fixing the structural part prepared in the step 1 in a filling and sealing area of a vacuum filling and sealing machine, and performing vacuumizing filling and sealing;
and step 3: after the high-voltage capacitor is encapsulated and cured, measuring the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor;
and 4, step 4: determining a theoretical capacitance value of the energy taking main capacitor group according to the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor, selecting a plurality of second capacitors to be connected in series according to the theoretical capacitance value and then welding the capacitors on an electronic circuit board to form the energy taking main capacitor group, and measuring an actual capacitance value of the energy taking main capacitor group after the temperature is restored to room temperature;
and 5: calculating theoretical capacitance values of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups according to capacitance values of the high-voltage capacitors and capacitance value ratios of the high-voltage capacitors and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups, selecting a plurality of third capacitors to be connected in parallel to manufacture the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups, and measuring actual capacitance values of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups;
step 6: calculating theoretical capacitance values of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor groups according to capacitance values of the energy-taking capacitors and capacitance value ratios of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor groups to capacitance values of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor groups, selecting a plurality of fourth capacitors to be connected in parallel to manufacture the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor groups, and measuring actual capacitance values of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor groups;
and 7: welding the manufactured sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group and the manufactured energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group on the corresponding positions of the electronic circuit board, measuring the capacitance values of three groups of capacitors of the energy-taking main capacitor group, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group again after the room temperature is recovered, comparing the difference with the theoretical capacitance value, and controlling the precision to be within 0.05%;
and 8: welding the rest devices on the electronic circuit board, and connecting the devices according to a designed circuit; the electronic circuit board is well connected with the high-voltage capacitor and the grounding end; installing a high-voltage wiring terminal; installing a working power supply output cable and a signal output cable;
and step 9: checking the preliminarily finished voltage transformer, and checking the matched circuit again after the matching circuit is adjusted, wherein the checking result of the matched circuit does not meet the requirement;
step 10: installing the electronic circuit board in a low-pressure metal cavity, and performing low-pressure encapsulation;
step 11: performing a power frequency withstand voltage test on the low-pressure encapsulated voltage sensor;
step 12: and (5) inspecting the finished product, and obtaining the required voltage sensor product after the finished product is qualified.
Further, when vacuum-pumping encapsulation is performed in the step 2, the encapsulation conditions are as follows: keeping the temperature and the vacuum degree within 500 Pa, and keeping the pressure for not less than 30 minutes.
Further, in step 4-6, after the actual capacitance values of the energy-taking main capacitor bank, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank are measured, the actual capacitance values are compared with theoretical capacitance values of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, wherein the accuracy of the energy-taking main capacitor bank is controlled within 5%, and the accuracy of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the accuracy of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank are controlled within 0.05%.
The invention has the following remarkable effects:
1. one product can provide high-precision sampling signals and enough working power supplies at the same time, more than two products in the existing scheme are replaced, and the cost of the product is reduced.
2. Small volume and simple structure. Is suitable for more application places; especially, the voltage that can't solve with traditional scheme detects or measures transformation etc. for instance the looped netowrk cabinet.
3. Light weight and convenient installation. Need not to move large-scale hoisting equipment, practice thrift installation construction cost and manual work.
4. The capacitance value ratio between the high-voltage capacitor and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank is consistent with the capacitance value ratio between the energy-taking main capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, so that no matter how large the load connected to the working power supply is, the change of errors cannot be caused, and the precision of two paths of sampling signals is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an on-column metering energy-extracting device according to example 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a ring main unit type metering energy-taking device according to embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the embodiments and the operation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, an electronic voltage sensor with three outputs includes a high-voltage capacitor, a sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank, an energy-taking main capacitor bank, an energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, a sampling voltage-dividing transformer, a transformer and an energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer, wherein the high-voltage capacitor, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank, the energy-taking main capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank are sequentially connected between a power supply line and a ground terminal, an input winding of the sampling voltage-dividing transformer is connected at two ends of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank, an input winding of the energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer is connected at two ends of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, a first output winding of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank is connected to a first signal output line after being connected in series with a first output winding of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, a second output winding of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank is, one end of a primary coil of the transformer is connected between the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the energy-taking main capacitor bank, the other end of the primary coil of the transformer is connected between the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the grounding end, and a secondary coil of the transformer is connected with a working power supply output line.
Preferably, the turn ratio of the input winding of the sampling voltage-dividing transformer to the first output winding thereof is consistent with the turn ratio of the input winding of the energy-taking voltage divider to the first output winding thereof, and the turn ratio of the input winding of the sampling voltage-dividing transformer to the second output winding thereof is consistent with the turn ratio of the input winding of the energy-taking voltage divider to the second output winding thereof. Meanwhile, the turn ratio of the input winding of the sampling voltage division transformer to the first output winding thereof is consistent with the turn ratio of the input winding of the energy-taking voltage divider to the first output winding thereof, and the turn ratio of the input winding of the sampling voltage division transformer to the second output winding thereof is consistent with the turn ratio of the input winding of the energy-taking voltage divider to the second output winding thereof.
Specifically, the high-voltage capacitor adopts a capacitor with withstand voltage larger than 10kV or is formed by connecting a plurality of capacitors in series; the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group adopts a group of low-voltage CBB capacitors which are connected in parallel and have withstand voltage of more than 400V, the capacitance value of the low-voltage CBB capacitors is fixed (for example, 100 times) with the capacitance value ratio (Kc) of the high-voltage capacitors, and the error requirement is less than 0.05 percent; the energy-taking main capacitor group is formed by connecting a plurality of low-voltage CBB capacitors with withstand voltage of more than 400V in series, the ratio of the capacitance value of the energy-taking main capacitor group to the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor 4 is Kqc fixed (for example, 10 times), and the error requirement is less than 5%; the energy taking and voltage dividing capacitor group is a group of low-voltage CBB capacitors which are connected in parallel and have withstand voltage of more than 50V, the capacitance value proportion of the energy taking and voltage dividing capacitor group is consistent with that of the sampling and voltage dividing capacitor group and the high-voltage capacitor, and the error requirement is less than 0.05%. The sampling voltage-dividing transformer and the energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer both adopt high-precision transformers which are provided with two output windings and have completely consistent primary and secondary turn ratios.
Preferably, an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit and an overvoltage protection circuit are further connected between the secondary coil of the transformer and the working power supply output line so as to output a stable and reliable direct current working power supply; and the positive input end of the input winding of the energy-obtaining voltage-dividing mutual inductor is connected with an impedance matching circuit for matching the difference between the two voltage-dividing capacitor groups and the mutual inductor so as to improve the output precision.
The principle of the ring main unit voltage sensor structure described in this embodiment is:
referring to fig. 1, since the capacitance value ratio Kc between the high-voltage capacitor Cg and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group Cc is fixed, the capacitance value ratio Kqc between the energy-taking main capacitor group Cq and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group Cqc is fixed, and Kc is Kqc, while Kt1 and Kt2 of the sampling voltage-dividing transformer and the energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer are the transformation ratios of two windings of the transformer and are also fixed values.
Therefore, from electrical knowledge it can be seen that:
the input voltage of the sampling voltage-dividing mutual inductor is as follows: VCc is V1/(Kc +1),
the input voltage of the energy-taking voltage-dividing mutual inductor is as follows: VCqc ═ V2/(Kqc +1),
then, the output voltage of the first output winding of the sampling voltage division transformer is Vo1 ═ VCc/Kt1, the output voltage of the first output winding of the energy-taking voltage division transformer is Vo1 ″ -VCqc/Kt 1,
the voltage of the first path of sampling signal can be derived as follows:
Vo1＝Vo1'+Vo1”＝(VCc+VCqc)/Kt1＝(V1+V2)/(Kc+1)/Kt1＝(V1+V2)/((Kc+1)*Kt1)，
as can be seen from the above formula, no matter how V1 and V2 change, Vi is V1+ V2, so Vo1 is Vi/((Kc +1) × Kt 1);
similarly, it can be derived that the voltage of the first sampled signal satisfies the formula Vo2 Vi/((Kc +1) × Kt2) no matter how V1 and V2 change.
In summary, the present embodiment can adjust the specific values of the two capacitance ratios Kc and Kqc according to different operating voltages to adapt to different operating voltages.
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a manufacturing method based on the electronic voltage sensor, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: connecting a plurality of first capacitors with the withstand voltage of more than 10kv in series by adopting silver-plated copper wires to form the high-voltage capacitor, welding lead wires at two ends of the high-voltage capacitor, and installing the high-voltage capacitor in a high-voltage capacitor cavity;
step 2: fixing the structural part prepared in the step 1 in a filling and sealing area of a vacuum filling and sealing machine, and performing vacuumizing filling and sealing;
when vacuum-pumping encapsulation is carried out, the encapsulation conditions are as follows: keeping the temperature and the vacuum degree within 500 Pa, and keeping the pressure for not less than 30 minutes.
And step 3: after the high-voltage capacitor is encapsulated and cured, measuring the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor;
and 4, step 4: determining a theoretical capacitance value of the energy taking main capacitor group according to the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor, selecting a plurality of second capacitors with withstand voltage of more than 400V according to the theoretical capacitance value, connecting the second capacitors in series, welding the second capacitors on an electronic circuit board to form the energy taking main capacitor group, and measuring the actual capacitance value of the energy taking main capacitor group by using a high-precision electric bridge after the temperature is restored to room temperature;
and 5: calculating theoretical capacitance values of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups according to capacitance values of the high-voltage capacitors and capacitance value ratios of the high-voltage capacitors and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups, selecting a plurality of third capacitors with withstand voltage of more than 400V, connecting the third capacitors in parallel by using a capacitor parallel tool to manufacture the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups, and measuring actual capacitance values of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups by using a high-precision bridge;
step 6: calculating theoretical capacitance values of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank according to capacitance values of the energy-taking capacitors and capacitance value ratios of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, selecting a plurality of fourth capacitors with withstand voltage of more than 100V, connecting the fourth capacitors in parallel by adopting a capacitor parallel tool to manufacture the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, and measuring actual capacitance values of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank by utilizing a high-precision bridge;
and 7: welding the manufactured sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group and the manufactured energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group on the corresponding positions of the electronic circuit board, measuring the capacitance values of three groups of capacitors of the energy-taking main capacitor group, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group again after the room temperature is recovered, comparing the difference with the theoretical capacitance value, and controlling the precision to be within 0.05%;
and 8: welding the rest devices on the electronic circuit board, and connecting the devices according to a designed circuit; the electronic circuit board is well connected with the high-voltage capacitor and the grounding end; installing a high-voltage wiring terminal; installing a working power supply output cable and a signal output cable;
and step 9: carrying out electronic voltage transformer calibration stand inspection on the preliminarily finished voltage transformer, and calibrating the matched circuit again after the calibration result does not meet the requirement;
step 10: installing the electronic circuit board in a low-pressure metal cavity, and performing low-pressure encapsulation;
step 11: performing a power frequency withstand voltage test on the low-pressure encapsulated voltage sensor;
step 12: and (5) inspecting the finished product, and obtaining the required voltage sensor product after the finished product is qualified.
In this example, after the actual capacitance values of the energy-taking main capacitor bank, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank are measured in steps 4-6, the actual capacitance values are compared with the theoretical capacitance values, wherein the accuracy of the energy-taking main capacitor bank is controlled within 5%, and the accuracy of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the accuracy of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank are controlled within 0.05%.
In addition, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor or the fourth capacitor is a generic term, and the high-voltage capacitor, the energy-taking main capacitor bank, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank are not specifically limited to be formed by connecting capacitors of the same specification in series or in parallel, and according to the scheme, the precision of each capacitor bank needs to be adjusted and controlled, and the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor or the fourth capacitor may be of the same specification or different specifications.
In a specific implementation process, after four groups of capacitors, namely a high-voltage capacitor, a sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group, an energy-taking main capacitor group and an energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group, are prepared, the relative positions of the three groups of capacitors, namely the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group, the energy-taking main capacitor group and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group, can be adjusted to enable the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group to be close to each other, and then only one low-voltage transformer is connected to two ends of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group, so that the functions of the present application can be realized.
Referring to fig. 2, the structure of the pillar-type energy-extracting device 100 is shown in the figure, when the voltage sensor is applied outdoors, specifically: including binding post 101, insulating casing 102, the metal casing 106 that links to each other in proper order, insulating casing 102 from the top down has a plurality of insulator full skirts 103 the insulating casing 102 is formed with high-pressure chamber 104 in, the built-in high voltage capacitor 105 that is equipped with of high-pressure chamber 104 be formed with low pressure chamber 107 in the metal casing 106, install the sample in the low pressure chamber 107 and get ability module 108, this sample is got to be able to the module 108 and can be exported two way sampling signal and working power, be connected with signal output line 109 and power output line 1010 in the both sides of metal casing 106 the bottom of metal casing 106 is formed with ground terminal 1011, high voltage capacitor 105's one end with binding post 101 electricity is connected, the other end with the input electricity of sample is got to ability module 108, the output of sample is got to the module 108 respectively with signal output line 109, signal output line 109, The power output line 1010 is connected, and the ground terminal of the sampling and energy-taking module 108 is connected to the ground terminal 1011. The sampling energy-taking module 108 is composed of a sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank, an energy-taking main capacitor bank, an energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, a sampling voltage-dividing transformer, a transformer, an energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer, an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit and an impedance matching circuit in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the structure shown in the figure is a schematic structural diagram of a ring main unit type metering energy-taking device 200 when the voltage sensor is applied to a ring main unit, specifically: the device comprises an input wiring terminal 201, an insulator 202 and a metal cavity 206 which are connected in sequence, wherein a high-voltage cavity 203 is formed in the insulator 202, a high-voltage capacitor 204 is arranged in the high-voltage cavity 203, a low-voltage cavity 207 is formed in the metal cavity 206, a sampling energy-taking module 209 capable of outputting two sampling signals and one working power supply is arranged in the low-voltage cavity 207, one end of the high-voltage capacitor 204 is connected with the input wiring terminal 201, and the other end of the high-voltage capacitor 204 is connected with the sampling energy-taking module 209; the lower part of the insulator 202 is further provided with a shielding layer 205, the upper end of the metal cavity 206 is coated on the shielding layer 205, the bottom of the metal cavity 206 is connected with an output connection terminal 2010, the output line of the sampling energy-taking module 209 is connected with two output cables penetrating through the output connection terminal 2010, one output working power supply outputs, the other output two-way voltage sampling signal outputs, a grounding terminal 208 is formed at the side of the metal cavity 206, and the grounding terminal 208 is connected with the sampling energy-taking module 209. The sampling energy-taking module 209 is composed of a sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank, an energy-taking main capacitor bank, an energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, a sampling voltage-dividing transformer, a transformer, an energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer, an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit and an impedance matching circuit in fig. 1.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the high-voltage capacitor, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank, the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, and the energy-taking main capacitor bank are sequentially connected between a power supply line and a ground terminal, and only one voltage-dividing transformer is used, two ends of an input winding of the voltage-dividing transformer are respectively connected to a common end between the high-voltage capacitor and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank, and a common end between the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the energy-taking main capacitor bank, a first output winding of the voltage-dividing transformer outputs one path of sampling signals, and a second output winding thereof outputs the other path of sampling signals; one end of a primary coil of the transformer is connected with a common end between the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, the other end of the primary coil of the transformer is connected with a grounding end, and a secondary coil of the transformer outputs a working power supply after passing through an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit and an overvoltage protection circuit.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 4, the capacitance ratio Kc between the high-voltage capacitor Cg and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group Cc is fixed, i.e. Cc is Cg × Kc; the capacitance value ratio Kqc between the energy-taking main capacitor group Cq and the energy-taking partial voltage capacitor group Cqc is fixed, namely Cqc is Cq Kqc; and Kt1 and Kt2 of the sampling voltage division transformer and the energy-obtaining voltage division transformer are transformation ratios of two windings of the transformers and are fixed values.
Therefore, from electrical knowledge it can be seen that:
VCc＝V1/(Kc+1)，VCqc＝V2/(Kqc+1)，
since Kc is Kqc the number of bits,
then V3 ═ VCc + VCqc ═ V1+ V2)/(Kc + 1);
as can be seen from the above formula, no matter how V1 and V2 change, Vi is V1+ V2, so Vo1 is Vi/((Kc +1) × Kt 1);
similarly, Vo2 is Vi/((Kc +1) × Kt2) regardless of changes in V1 and V2.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the high-voltage capacitor, the energy-taking main capacitor bank, the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank are sequentially connected between a power supply line and a ground terminal, and only one voltage-dividing transformer is used, two ends of an input winding of the voltage-dividing transformer are respectively connected to a common terminal and a ground terminal between the energy-taking main capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank, a first output winding of the voltage-dividing transformer outputs one path of sampling signals, and a second output winding of the voltage-dividing transformer outputs the other path of sampling signals; one end of a primary coil of the transformer is connected with a common end between the high-voltage capacitor and the energy-taking main capacitor bank, the other end of the primary coil of the transformer is connected with a common end between the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank, and a secondary coil of the transformer outputs a working power supply after passing through the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit and the overvoltage protection circuit.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 5, the capacitance ratio Kc between the high-voltage capacitor Cg and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group Cc is fixed, i.e. Cc is Cg × Kc; the capacitance value ratio Kqc between the energy-taking main capacitor group Cq and the energy-taking partial voltage capacitor group Cqc is fixed, namely Cqc is Cq Kqc; and Kt1 and Kt2 of the sampling voltage division transformer and the energy-obtaining voltage division transformer are transformation ratios of two windings of the transformers and are fixed values.
Therefore, from electrical knowledge it can be seen that:
VCqc＝V2/(Kqc+1)，V3＝(V1+V3)/(Kc+1)；
since Kc is Kqc the number of bits,
then V4 ═ VCqc + V3 ═ V1+ V2+ V3)/(Kc + 1);
as can be seen from the above formula, Vi is V1+ V2+ V3 no matter how V1 and V2 change, so Vo1 is V4/Kt1 Vi/((Kc +1) × Kt 1); vo 2V 4/Kt2 Vi/((Kc +1) Kt 2).
The technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electronic voltage sensor with three-way output, characterized in that: the energy-taking and voltage-dividing circuit comprises a high-voltage capacitor, a sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group, an energy-taking main capacitor group, an energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group, a sampling voltage-dividing transformer, a transformer and an energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer, wherein the high-voltage capacitor, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group, the energy-taking main capacitor group and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group are sequentially connected between a power supply line and a grounding end, an input winding of the sampling voltage-dividing transformer is connected at two ends of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group, an input winding of the energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer is connected at two ends of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group, a first output winding of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group is connected in series with a first output winding of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group and then outputs a first path of sampling signals, a second output winding of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group is connected in series with a second output winding of the energy, the other end of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor is connected between the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank and a grounding end, and a secondary coil of the transformer outputs a working power supply.
2. The electronic voltage sensor with three-way output of claim 1, wherein: the capacitance value ratio between the high-voltage capacitor and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank is fixed, the capacitance value ratio between the energy-taking main capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank is fixed, and the capacitance value ratio between the high-voltage capacitor and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor bank is consistent with the capacitance value ratio between the energy-taking main capacitor bank and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor bank.
3. The electronic voltage sensor with three-way output of claim 1, wherein: the turn ratio of the input winding of the sampling voltage division transformer to the first output winding thereof is consistent with the turn ratio of the input winding of the energy-taking voltage divider to the first output winding thereof, and the turn ratio of the input winding of the sampling voltage division transformer to the second output winding thereof is consistent with the turn ratio of the input winding of the energy-taking voltage divider to the second output winding thereof.
4. The electronic voltage sensor with three-way output of claim 1, wherein: an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit and an overvoltage protection circuit are connected between the secondary coil of the transformer and the working power supply output line.
5. The electronic voltage sensor with three-way output of claim 1, wherein: and the positive input end of the input winding of the energy-taking voltage-dividing transformer is connected with an impedance matching circuit.
6. The electronic voltage sensor with three-way output of claim 1, wherein: the high-voltage capacitor is formed by serially connecting a plurality of capacitors with withstand voltage larger than 10 kV.
7. The electronic voltage sensor with three-way output of claim 1, wherein: the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group is formed by connecting a plurality of low-voltage CBB capacitors with withstand voltage of more than 400V in parallel; the energy-taking main capacitor group is formed by serially connecting a plurality of low-voltage CBB capacitors with withstand voltage of more than 400V; the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group is formed by connecting a plurality of low-voltage CBB capacitors with withstand voltage of more than 50V in parallel.
8. A method for manufacturing an electronic voltage sensor with three outputs according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
step 1: connecting a plurality of first capacitors by adopting silver-plated copper wires to form the high-voltage capacitor, welding lead wires at two ends of the high-voltage capacitor, and installing the high-voltage capacitor in the high-voltage capacitor cavity;
step 2: fixing the structural part prepared in the step 1 in a filling and sealing area of a vacuum filling and sealing machine, and performing vacuumizing filling and sealing;
and step 3: after the high-voltage capacitor is encapsulated and cured, measuring the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor;
and 4, step 4: determining a theoretical capacitance value of the energy taking main capacitor group according to the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor, selecting a plurality of second capacitors to be connected in series according to the theoretical capacitance value and then welding the capacitors on an electronic circuit board to form the energy taking main capacitor group, and measuring an actual capacitance value of the energy taking main capacitor group after the temperature is restored to room temperature;
and 5: calculating theoretical capacitance values of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups according to capacitance values of the high-voltage capacitors and capacitance value ratios of the high-voltage capacitors and the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups, selecting a plurality of third capacitors to be connected in parallel to manufacture the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups, and measuring actual capacitance values of the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor groups;
step 6: calculating theoretical capacitance values of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor groups according to capacitance values of the energy-taking capacitors and capacitance value ratios of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor groups to capacitance values of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor groups, selecting a plurality of fourth capacitors to be connected in parallel to manufacture the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor groups, and measuring actual capacitance values of the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor groups;
and 7: welding the manufactured sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group and the manufactured energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group on the corresponding positions of the electronic circuit board, measuring the capacitance values of three groups of capacitors of the energy-taking main capacitor group, the sampling voltage-dividing capacitor group and the energy-taking voltage-dividing capacitor group again after the room temperature is recovered, comparing the difference with the theoretical capacitance value, and controlling the precision to be within 0.05%;
and 8: welding the rest devices on the electronic circuit board, and connecting the devices according to a designed circuit; the electronic circuit board is well connected with the high-voltage capacitor and the grounding end; installing a high-voltage wiring terminal; installing a working power supply output cable and a signal output cable;
and step 9: checking the preliminarily finished voltage transformer, and checking the matched circuit again after the matching circuit is adjusted, wherein the checking result of the matched circuit does not meet the requirement;
step 10: installing the electronic circuit board in a low-pressure metal cavity, and performing low-pressure encapsulation;
step 11: performing a power frequency withstand voltage test on the low-pressure encapsulated voltage sensor;
step 12: and (5) inspecting the finished product, and obtaining the required voltage sensor product after the finished product is qualified.
9. The method of manufacturing an electronic voltage sensor having a three-way output of claim 8, wherein: when vacuumizing encapsulation is performed in the step 2, the encapsulation conditions are as follows: keeping the temperature and the vacuum degree within 500 Pa, and keeping the pressure for not less than 30 minutes.
10. The method of manufacturing an electronic voltage sensor having a three-way output of claim 8, wherein: and 4-6, measuring actual capacitance values of the energy taking main capacitor group, the sampling voltage division capacitor group and the energy taking voltage division capacitor group, and comparing the actual capacitance values with theoretical capacitance values of the energy taking voltage division capacitor group, wherein the accuracy of the energy taking main capacitor group is controlled within 5%, and the accuracy of the sampling voltage division capacitor group and the accuracy of the energy taking voltage division capacitor group are controlled within 0.05%.
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