CN111981680B

CN111981680B - Biomass-fired water boiler

Info

Publication number: CN111981680B
Application number: CN202010431475.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·切斯拉克; G·斯克日普克扎克; M·切斯拉克-索博特卡
Original assignee: Mett Energy LP
Current assignee: Mett Energy LP
Priority date: 2019-05-21
Filing date: 2020-05-20
Publication date: 2022-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-20
Also published as: PL429996A1; CN111981680A; PL240416B1

Abstract

A biomass-fired water boiler made of a biomass combustion chamber and a gas combustion chamber located adjacent to each other and surrounded by a water jacket, wherein the two chambers are separated from each other by a partition having an opening located below and a heat exchanger located above the chambers, an aerator located in the water jacket in its lower part and the gas combustion chambers are provided with an array of air supply ducts seated in the rear wall of the boiler and with opposite air supply ducts seated in the side walls of the boiler, characterized in that the partition (4) of the separation chamber (1, 2) has at least one recess in its lower part, in which a heat-resistant insert (14) is placed.

Description

Biomass-fired water boiler

Technical Field

The invention aims to provide a biomass-fired water boiler with increased thermal efficiency.

Background

A method of burning grass in a boiler is known from the invention entitled number PL 194644. The boiler comprises a grass combustion chamber and a gaseous fuel chamber. The method according to the invention involves burning compressed bales placed in a grass burning chamber and supplying air to the grass burning chamber via a gas burning chamber. The method is characterized in that air is supplied via a plurality of points from the rear side of the boiler below the lower edge of the partition separating the two chambers and opposite to the side of the boiler above the lower edge of the partition. 10-30% of the total amount of air provided is supplied relatively at the side of the boiler. The vertical distance of the inlets for the two directions of supply air is less than the height of the opening connecting the two chambers. The relative supply of air continues from the side of the boiler, with a partition separating the two chambers. The relative supply of air continues above the lower edge of the partition, at a height of less than 1.5, preferably 1.1, of the height of the opening connecting the two chambers.

A grass-fired water boiler is also known from the invention with the grant number PL 194644. This boiler is made of a grass combustion chamber and a gas combustion chamber located adjacent to each other and surrounded by a water jacket. The two chambers are separated from each other by a partition having an opening below, and the heat exchanger is positioned above the chambers and the inflator is positioned in the water jacket at a lower portion thereof. The boiler is characterized in that the gas combustion chamber is provided with an array of air supply ducts seated in the rear wall of the boiler and opposite air supply ducts seated in the side walls of the boiler, and that on both sides of the gas combustion chamber, the water jacket is provided with additional aerators, the walls of both chambers being provided with transverse ribs. The opposite conduit is seated adjacent to a partition separating the gas combustion chamber and the grass combustion chamber. The counter-duct is positioned above the row of ducts at a height of less than 1.5, preferably 1.1, of the height of the opening connecting the two chambers. The boiler has two opposite air supply ducts.

Disclosure of Invention

The biomass-fired water boiler according to the invention is made of a biomass combustion chamber and a gas combustion chamber positioned adjacent to each other and surrounded by a water jacket, wherein the two chambers are separated from each other by a partition. The partition has an opening below and the heat exchanger is above the chamber, the aerator is positioned in the water jacket at its lower portion, and the gas combustion chamber is provided with a row of air supply conduits seated in the rear wall of the boiler and opposed air supply conduits seated in the side walls of the boiler. The boiler is characterized in that the partition of the separation chamber has at least one recess in its lower part, in which a heat-resistant insert is placed. The insert has a heart shape. The insert has an elliptical shape. The insert is made of a heat-resistant metal sheet. The insert is made of refractory brick. The partition has two recesses and two inserts. Each recess is open at the lower side. Each recess has a dimension greater than the insert.

A variant of a biomass-fired water boiler is made of a biomass combustion chamber and a gas combustion chamber located adjacent to each other and surrounded by a water jacket, wherein the two chambers are separated from each other by a partition having an opening located below, and a heat exchanger is located above the chambers, an aerator is located in the water jacket at its lower part, and the gas combustion chamber is provided with a row of air supply conduits seated in the rear wall of the boiler and opposite air supply conduits seated in the side walls of the boiler. The boiler is characterized in that the partition of the separation chamber has a casing of heat-resistant material in its lower part. The housing has the shape of the letter "U". The housing is attached to the partition by ribs.

A variation of the biomass-fired water boiler is made of a biomass combustion chamber and a gas combustion chamber located adjacent to each other and surrounded by a water jacket, wherein the two chambers are separated from each other by a partition having an opening located below and a heat exchanger located above the chambers, an aerator located in the water jacket at its lower part, and the gas combustion chamber is provided with a row of air supply conduits seated in the rear wall of the boiler and opposite air supply conduits seated in the side walls of the boiler. The boiler is characterized in that the partition of the separation chamber has a plate of heat resistant material attached at its lower part.

The water boiler according to the invention is characterized by being very efficient and economical. These features benefit from the particular construction of the boiler and in particular it comprises a partition of the recess situated below, which provides a refractory insert which, during operation, heats up to very high temperatures, causing the combustion of the gases flowing through its vicinity. Gas combustion continues during the time some gas contacts the hot insert and during the time some gas flows near the hot insert. This is why the use of said inserts can significantly affect the efficiency of the boiler, as well as the elimination of harmful substances from the exhaust fumes. The invention solves the problem of the necessity of cooling the partition, which can be eliminated by the high temperature action, and at the same time reduces the cooling of the exhaust fumes, even with additional heating by means of heat-resistant inserts.

The variant of the boiler according to the invention solves the same problems of cooling the partition and of simultaneous additional heating of the fumes emitted and of the combustion of the gases contained therein. This is achieved by the attachment of a separate housing, which has the shape of the letter "U".

Another variant of the boiler has a refractory plate attached to the bottom of the partition, causing additional heating of the exhaust fumes and combustion of the gases.

Drawings

The water boiler according to the invention is described in more detail in the embodiments and in the attached drawings, in which:

figure 1 shows a water boiler in vertical cross-section;

FIG. 2 shows a water boiler in horizontal cross-section;

FIG. 3 is a view of a separator with an insert;

figure 4 shows a variant of the partition with the housing in cross section; and

fig. 5 shows a cross-section of a separator with a plate of heat-resistant material.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-5, a biomass-fired water boiler according to the present invention is made of a biomass combustion chamber 1 and a gas combustion chamber 2 positioned adjacent to each other and surrounded by a water jacket 3. The two

chambers

1 and 2 are separated from each other by a partition 4, the partition 4 having an opening 5 located below. The heat exchanger 6 is positioned above the

chambers

1 and 2. The inflator 7 is positioned inside the water jacket 3 at its lower portion. The gas combustion chamber 2 is provided with an array of air supply ducts 8 seated in the rear wall of the boiler and with opposite air supply ducts 9 seated in the side walls of the boiler. The water jacket 3 is provided with additional aerators 10 on both sides of the gas combustion chamber 2, while the walls of the two

chambers

1 and 2 are provided with transverse ribs 11. The row of air supply ducts 8, which is seated in the rear wall of the boiler, is positioned obliquely with respect to the vertical wall of the boiler. Air is supplied via a fan 12 to an air tank 13 from which the air is distributed via

ducts

8 and 9 to the gas combustion chamber 2. As the grass burns in the chamber 1, the resulting gas is released to the chamber 2 via the openings 5 in the partition 4. The inclined supply air disturbs the gas flow, whereby the gas reflects and rubs from the hot insert 14 seated in the shaped cut of the partition 4. Total combustion of the gas occurs, releasing heat by flowing into the heat exchanger 6.

A variant of the boiler provides that the partition 4 of the separation chamber has a casing 15 of heat-resistant material in its lower part. The housing has the shape of the letter "U". The housing 15 is attached to the partition 4 by ribs 16. The housing 15 does not directly abut the partition 4 and can thus be heated to very high temperatures and at the same time heat the exhaust fumes.

Another variant of the boiler provides that the partition 4 of the separation chamber has a refractory plate 17 attached to the bottom of the partition 4, causing additional heating of the exhaust fumes and combustion of the gases.

Claims

1. A biomass-fired water boiler made of a biomass combustion chamber (1) and a gas combustion chamber (2) positioned adjacent to each other and surrounded by a water jacket, wherein the biomass combustion chamber (1) and the gas combustion chamber (2) are separated from each other by a partition having an opening located below and a heat exchanger is located above the chambers, an aerator is positioned in the water jacket in its lower part and the gas combustion chamber is provided with an array of air supply conduits seated in the rear wall of the boiler and opposite air supply conduits seated in the side walls of the boiler, characterized in that the partition (4) separating the biomass combustion chamber (1) and the gas combustion chamber (2) has at least one recess in its lower part, in which recess a heat-resistant insert (14) is placed, the partition (4) has two recesses and two inserts (14), and said insert (14) has a heart-shape.

2. A boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert (14) has an oval shape.

3. A boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert (14) is made of a heat-resistant metal sheet.

4. A boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert (14) is made of refractory bricks.

5. The boiler according to claim 1, wherein each recess is open at a lower side.

6. A boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that each recess has dimensions larger than the insert (14).

7. A biomass-fired water boiler made of a biomass combustion chamber (1) and a gas combustion chamber (2) positioned adjacent to each other and surrounded by a water jacket, wherein the biomass combustion chamber (1) and the gas combustion chamber (2) are separated from each other by a partition having an opening located below and a heat exchanger is located above the chambers, an inflator is positioned in the water jacket in its lower part and the gas combustion chamber is provided with an array of air supply conduits seated in the rear wall of the boiler and with opposite air supply conduits seated in the side walls of the boiler, characterized in that the partition (4) separating the biomass combustion chamber (1) and the gas combustion chamber (2) has a housing (15) of heat-resistant material in its lower part, the partition (4) has two recesses and two inserts (14), and said inserts (14) have a heart-shape.

8. The boiler according to claim 7, wherein the casing (15) has the shape of the letter "U".

9. A boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that the housing (15) is attached to the partition (4) by means of ribs (16).

10. A biomass-fired water boiler made of a biomass combustion chamber (1) and a gas combustion chamber (2) positioned adjacent to each other and surrounded by a water jacket, wherein the biomass combustion chamber (1) and the gas combustion chamber (2) are separated from each other by a partition having an opening located below and a heat exchanger is located above the chambers, an inflator is positioned in the water jacket in its lower part and the gas combustion chamber is provided with an array of air supply conduits seated in the rear wall of the boiler and with opposite air supply conduits seated in the side walls of the boiler, characterized in that the partition (4) separating the biomass combustion chamber (1) and the gas combustion chamber (2) has a refractory plate (17) of refractory material in its lower part, the partition (4) has two recesses and two inserts (14), and said inserts (14) have a heart shape.