CN111975460B - Powder paving device with grinding function and method - Google Patents

Powder paving device with grinding function and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111975460B
CN111975460B CN202010520206.2A CN202010520206A CN111975460B CN 111975460 B CN111975460 B CN 111975460B CN 202010520206 A CN202010520206 A CN 202010520206A CN 111975460 B CN111975460 B CN 111975460B
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scraper
grinding
grinding wheel
frame
powder
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CN111975460A (en
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李忠华
李嘉新
白培康
杨志成
刘斌
蒯泽宙
赵占勇
王宇
李晓峰
聂云飞
刘文鹏
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North University of China
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North University of China
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00Processes of additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a powder spreading device with a grinding function and a powder spreading method, wherein the powder spreading device comprises a grinding module, a powder spreading module and a module, a grinding wheel is arranged on a grinding wheel shaft, and a screw nut and a linear bearing guide rod are respectively arranged in two through holes on the upper surface of a grinding wheel frame; a touch sensor, a screw nut, a sleeve, a synchronous belt wheel and a flange bearing are arranged on the screw, a scraper is arranged between a scraper frame and a scraper pressing plate, the scraper frame is connected with a scraper base plate, the scraper base plate is connected with a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is connected with a module which drives the powder paving module to reciprocate; the device repairs the warping deformation of the thin-wall part, improves the forming quality of the thin-wall part, optimizes the grinding route, and avoids the influence of the disturbance of air flow on the powder in the forming bin in the rotation process of the grinding wheel to the maximum extent.

Description

Powder paving device with grinding function and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a powder laying device with a grinding function and a powder laying method.
Background
With the rapid development of material science and structural technology, the thin-wall part can meet the requirements of high strength, high load bearing and light weight, and is more and more widely applied to the fields of automobiles and aerospace; at present, thin-walled parts are being developed in the direction of extremely thinning, large-sizing, and complication. However, thin-walled parts have poor rigidity and are susceptible to warping and deformation due to thermal stress during the forming process using the SLM technique.
The problems of the existing methods are to optimize part design, optimize a supporting structure and optimize process parameters to improve the heat dissipation efficiency, and the problems are not solved by optimizing the design of equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a powder spreading device with a grinding function and a method thereof, which can avoid the damage of the warping part of a thin-wall part to a scraper and improve the quality of the thin-wall part formed by adopting the SLM technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a powder paving device with a grinding function comprises a grinding module, a powder paving module and a module;
the powder spreading module comprises a scraper, a scraper pressing plate, a scraper frame, a scraper base plate and a connecting plate; the scraper is arranged between the scraper frame and the scraper pressing plate, and the scraper frame is connected with the scraper pressing plate through a screw; the scraper frame is connected with the scraper substrate, the scraper substrate is connected with the connecting piece, and the connecting piece is connected with the module;
the grinding module comprises a grinding wheel, a grinding wheel shaft, a grinding wheel frame, a scrap storage box, a fluffy felt, a lead screw nut, a linear bearing guide rod and a linear bearing; the grinding wheel is arranged on the grinding wheel shaft, and two ends of the grinding wheel are clamped by hexagonal nuts; the two ends of the grinding wheel shaft are connected with the inner rings of the flange bearing II and the flange bearing III, the flange bearing II and the flange bearing III are arranged in holes at the two sides of the grinding wheel frame, and the grinding wheel frame is provided with a sleeve III and a synchronous belt wheel IV; a screw nut and a linear bearing guide rod are respectively arranged in the two through holes on the upper surface of the grinding carriage; the lead screw is provided with a touch sensor, a lead screw nut, a first sleeve, a second synchronous belt wheel and a first flange bearing, the second synchronous belt wheel is connected with the first synchronous belt wheel through a first synchronous belt, the touch sensor is arranged at the lowest end of the lead screw, the lead screw nut is arranged above the touch sensor and in a hole in the grinding carriage, the first flange bearing is arranged in the hole in the grinding carriage and fixed in the grinding carriage through a base meter, and the first sleeve and the second sleeve are arranged at two ends of the first flange bearing; the high-precision motor II is fixed on the back of the scraper substrate through a screw, the synchronous belt wheel III is fixed on the high-precision motor II through a base meter, the synchronous belt wheel IV is fixed on a grinding wheel shaft through the base meter, and the synchronous belt wheel III and the synchronous belt wheel IV are connected through a synchronous belt II; the linear bearing guide rod is provided with a linear bearing, the linear bearing is arranged in a hole of the scraper frame, and one end of the linear bearing guide rod is arranged in a hole of the grinding wheel frame and is fixed through a base meter; the scrap storage box is arranged in a groove at the bottom of the grinding wheel frame and is connected through a screw; fluffy felt is adhered to the inner wall of the grinding wheel frame and is adhered through burrs on the inner wall of the grinding wheel frame.
The grinding wheel is cylindrical and is a cubic boron nitride grinding wheel, the granularity is 120/140-170/200, and the concentration is 100-150%.
The grinding wheel shaft is made of copper, and the rotating directions of the threads at the two ends are opposite.
And the grinding scrap inlet on the grinding wheel frame is arc-shaped.
One side of the grinding wheel frame, which is close to the scraper, is designed into an inclined plane.
And a touch switch is arranged at the lower end of the screw rod.
A powder paving method with a grinding function comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a three-dimensional model by using three-dimensional modeling software; then, carrying out approximate processing on the model, namely adopting a series of triangular patches to approximate the model; then importing the STL file of the three-dimensional model after the approximate processing into Magics software, adding proper support according to the shape of the part, carrying out layered processing on the model, and storing the file into a CLI format; planning the contour profiling scanning path of each layer, storing the file in an XDY format, and finally introducing the file subjected to data processing into selective laser melting equipment;
s2: judging the places where the parts are likely to warp in advance, and when the parts are placed, keeping the places where warping deformation is likely to occur away from the scraper or enabling the warping direction of the places to be perpendicular to the scraper;
s3: analyzing the gray value of a picture shot by a high-speed camera in the forming process through an algorithm, and judging whether the warping deformation occurs when the current layer is formed;
s4: before the machining is started, the grinding wheel frame is lifted to the highest position allowed by the device, and if no buckling deformation is found in the whole forming process of the thin-wall part, the height of the grinding wheel frame is kept unchanged;
s5: if warping deformation is found, after the current layer is processed, the substrate stops descending, the powder feeding cylinder stops feeding powder, the grinding wheel frame descends by a proper height, the powder laying module continues to do reciprocating motion at a proper speed for one time, and the grinding wheel starts to rotate at a proper speed when entering the upper part of the forming cylinder;
s6: repeating the step of S5 until the grinding wheel is 10 microns higher than the lowest position of the scraper, recovering powder feeding of the powder feeding cylinder, and continuously processing the current layer;
s7: the scraper frame is restored to the original height;
s8: if the warping deformation occurs again in the molding process, only S5-S7 need to be repeated;
s9: until the thin-wall part is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) the scrap storage box is convenient to disassemble and replace; (2) the grinding wheel is placed in the shell, and fluffy felt collects the chips, so that the influence of the chips which are ground off on the forming quality is avoided; (3) the device can repair the buckling deformation of the thin-wall part during the molding process, and improves the molding quality of the thin-wall part; (4) considering the result that powder in the molding bin is likely to be raised in the grinding process and finally explode, the grinding shaft is adopted, so that the grinding route is optimized, the influence of the disturbance of air flow on the powder in the molding bin in the rotation process of the grinding wheel is avoided to the maximum extent, and the grinding efficiency is improved; (5) and a screw pair transmission and a linear bearing guide rod pair guide are selected, so that the design requirement is met and the cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a dusting module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a grinding module;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the doctor holder.
1. A module; 2. a connecting plate; 3. a scraper substrate; 4. a high-precision motor I; 5. a synchronous belt wheel I; 6. a first synchronous belt; 7. a second synchronous belt wheel; 8. a first sleeve; 9. a second high-precision motor; 10. a third synchronous belt wheel; 11. a second synchronous belt; 12. a doctor holder; 13. a scraper press plate; 14. a linear bearing guide; 15. a linear bearing; 16. a grinding carriage; 17. a lead screw; 18. a first flange bearing; 19. a second sleeve; 20. a lead screw nut; 21. a first hexagonal nut; 22. a second flange bearing; 23. a synchronous belt wheel IV; 24. a scraper; 25. a grinding wheel; 26. a grinding wheel spindle; 27. a touch sensor; 28. a second hexagonal nut; 29. a third flange bearing; 30. a sleeve III; 31. fluffing felt; 32. a crumb storage box.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a powder paving device with a grinding function includes a grinding module, a powder paving module and a module.
As shown in fig. 3, the powder spreading module includes a scraper 24, a scraper presser 13, a scraper holder 12, a scraper base plate 3, and a connector 2; the scraper 24 is arranged between the scraper frame 12 and the scraper pressing plate 13, the scraper frame 12 is connected with the scraper pressing plate 13 through screws, and the scraper 24 is fixed through the force between the scraper frame 12 and the scraper pressing plate 13. Scraper frame 12 links to each other with scraper base plate 3, and scraper base plate 3 links to each other with connecting piece 2, and connecting piece 2 links to each other with module 1, spreads powder module reciprocating motion through the module drive to carry out two-way motion by the drive of high accuracy motor 4.
As shown in fig. 4, the grinding module includes a grinding wheel 25, a grinding wheel spindle 26, a grinding carriage 16, a chip storage box 32, a fluffy felt 31, a lead screw 17, a lead screw nut 20, a linear bearing guide 14 and a linear bearing 15; the grinding wheel 25 is arranged on a grinding wheel shaft 26, and two ends of the grinding wheel 25 are clamped by a first hexagonal nut 21 and a second hexagonal nut 28; the grinding wheel shaft 26 is connected with the inner rings of the flange bearing II 22 and the flange bearing III 29 near two ends, the flange bearing II 22 and the flange bearing III 29 are arranged in holes at two sides of the grinding wheel frame 16, and the axial displacement of the grinding wheel shaft is limited by the sleeve III 30 and the synchronous belt wheel IV 23 arranged on the grinding wheel shaft; a screw nut 20 and a linear bearing guide rod 14 are respectively arranged in two through holes on the upper surface of the grinding carriage 16; the lead screw 17 is provided with a touch sensor 27, a lead screw nut 20, a first sleeve 8, a second sleeve 19, a second synchronous pulley 7 and a first flange bearing 18, the second synchronous pulley 7 is connected with the first synchronous pulley 5 through a first synchronous belt 6, the touch sensor 27 is arranged at the lowest end of the lead screw 17, the lead screw nut 20 is arranged above the touch sensor 27 and in a hole in the upper surface of the grinding carriage 16, the flange bearing 18 is arranged in the hole in the grinding carriage 16, the flange bearing 18 is fixed in the grinding carriage 16 through a base meter, the first sleeve 8 and the second sleeve 19 are arranged at two ends of the flange bearing 18, and the axial displacement of the lead screw 17 is limited through the first sleeve 8 and the second sleeve 19; a linear bearing 15 is arranged on the linear bearing guide rod 14, the linear bearing 15 is arranged in a hole of the scraper frame 12, and one end of the linear bearing guide rod 15 is arranged in a hole of the grinding wheel frame 16 and is fixed through a base meter; the scrap storage box 32 is arranged in a groove at the bottom of the grinding wheel frame 16 and is connected through a screw, so that the scrap storage box is convenient to disassemble; the high-precision motor II 9 is fixed on the back of the scraper substrate 3 through screws, the synchronous belt wheel III 10 is fixed on the high-precision motor II 9 through a base meter, the synchronous belt wheel IV 23 is fixed on a grinding wheel shaft 26 through a base meter, and the synchronous belt wheel III 10 is connected with the synchronous belt wheel IV 23 through a synchronous belt II 11; fluffy felt 31 is adhered to the inner wall of the grinding carriage 16, and scraps can be prevented from flying into a forming bin after colliding with the grinding carriage through adhesion of burrs on the inner wall of the grinding carriage 16, so that the influence of grinding scraps on the forming quality of a workpiece is avoided; the grinding scrap inlet on the grinding carriage is optimally designed into an arc shape, so that most of grinding scraps can enter the scrap storage box; the grinding wheel shaft is made of copper, so that the heat dissipation rate of the grinding wheel is greatly improved.
The rotating directions of the threads at the two ends of the grinding wheel shaft are opposite, so that the grinding wheel is clamped by nuts at the two ends more and more tightly in the grinding process, the working stability of a grinding module is ensured, the grinding wheel is a cubic boron nitride grinding wheel, the granularity is 120/140-170/200, the concentration is 100% -150%, and the hardness, the strength, the plasticity and the toughness of a titanium alloy material are mainly considered, the grinding heat and the grinding force are large, and the heat conductivity is poor; therefore, the titanium alloy material has higher requirements on the grinding wheel than other materials, so the material selection of the grinding wheel is determined according to the requirements of the titanium alloy.
As shown in figure 5, the side of the grinding wheel frame close to the scraper is designed into an inclined surface, so that the peripheral powder can be prevented from being disturbed when the grinding wheel rotates, the space between the scraper and the grinding wheel frame can be enlarged, and enough space is provided for storing the powder.
The lower extreme of lead screw is equipped with touch switch, can play the effect of restriction scraper frame reciprocating motion's in the Z axle direction stroke, when adjusting the distance of scraper frame apart from the base plate, can play the positioning action.
A screw pair transmission and a linear bearing guide rod pair guide are selected, so that the design requirement can be met, and the cost can be saved.
A powder paving method with a grinding function comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a three-dimensional model by using three-dimensional modeling software; then, carrying out approximate processing on the model, namely adopting a series of triangular patches to approximate the model; then importing the STL file of the three-dimensional model after the approximate processing into Magics software, adding proper support according to the shape of the part, carrying out layered processing on the model, and storing the file into a CLI format; planning the contour profiling scanning path of each layer, storing the file in an XDY format, and introducing the file subjected to data processing into selective laser melting equipment;
s2: judging the places where the parts are likely to warp in advance, and when the parts are placed, keeping the places where warping deformation is likely to occur away from the scraper or enabling the warping direction of the places to be perpendicular to the scraper;
s3: analyzing the gray value of a picture shot by a high-speed camera in the forming process through an algorithm, and judging whether the warping deformation occurs when the current layer is formed;
s4: before the machining is started, the grinding wheel frame is lifted to the highest position allowed by the device. If no buckling deformation place is found in the whole forming process of the thin-wall part, the grinding wheel frame keeps the height of the grinding wheel frame unchanged;
s5: if warping deformation is found, after the current layer is processed, the powder feeding cylinder stops feeding powder, the scraper frame descends to a proper height, the powder paving module continues to do reciprocating motion at a proper speed for one time, and the grinding wheel starts to rotate above the forming cylinder at a proper speed;
s6: repeating the step of S5 until the grinding wheel is 10 microns higher than the lowest position of the scraper, recovering powder feeding of the powder feeding cylinder, and continuously processing the current layer;
s7: the scraper frame is restored to the original height;
s8: if the warping deformation occurs again in the molding process, only S5-S7 need to be repeated;
s9: until the thin-wall part is finished.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A powder paving device with a grinding function is characterized by comprising a grinding module, a powder paving module and a module;
the grinding module comprises a grinding wheel, a grinding wheel shaft, a grinding wheel frame, a scrap storage box, a fluffy felt, a lead screw nut, a linear bearing guide rod and a linear bearing; the grinding wheel is arranged on the grinding wheel shaft, and two ends of the grinding wheel are clamped by hexagonal nuts; the two ends of the grinding wheel shaft are connected with the inner rings of the flange bearing II and the flange bearing III, the flange bearing II and the flange bearing III are arranged in holes at the two sides of the grinding wheel frame, and the grinding wheel frame is provided with a sleeve III and a synchronous belt wheel IV; a screw nut and a linear bearing guide rod are respectively arranged in the two through holes on the upper surface of the grinding carriage; the lead screw is provided with a touch sensor, a lead screw nut, a first sleeve, a second synchronous belt wheel and a first flange bearing, the second synchronous belt wheel is connected with the first synchronous belt wheel through a first synchronous belt, the touch sensor is arranged at the lowest end of the lead screw, the lead screw nut is arranged above the touch sensor and in a hole in the grinding carriage, the first flange bearing is arranged in the hole in the grinding carriage and fixed in the grinding carriage through a base meter, and the first sleeve and the second sleeve are arranged at two ends of the first flange bearing; the high-precision motor II is fixed on the back of the scraper substrate through a screw, the synchronous belt wheel III is fixed on the high-precision motor II through a base meter, the synchronous belt wheel IV is fixed on a grinding wheel shaft through the base meter, and the synchronous belt wheel III and the synchronous belt wheel IV are connected through a synchronous belt II; the linear bearing guide rod is provided with a linear bearing, the linear bearing is arranged in a hole of the scraper frame, and one end of the linear bearing guide rod is arranged in a hole of the grinding wheel frame and is fixed through a base meter; the scrap storage box is arranged in a groove at the bottom of the grinding wheel frame and is connected through a screw; fluffy felt is adhered to the inner wall of the grinding wheel frame and is adhered through burrs on the inner wall of the grinding wheel frame;
the powder spreading module comprises a scraper, a scraper pressing plate, a scraper frame, a scraper base plate and a connecting plate; the scraper is arranged between the scraper frame and the scraper pressing plate, and the scraper frame is connected with the scraper pressing plate through a screw; the scraper frame is connected with the scraper base plate, the scraper base plate is connected with the connecting piece, and the connecting piece is connected with the module.
2. A powder spreading device with grinding function according to claim 1, wherein the screw threads at both ends of the grinding wheel spindle are opposite in rotation direction.
3. A powder paving device with grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding chip inlet on the grinding carriage is optimally designed into an arc shape.
4. A powder laying apparatus with grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein said grinding wheel spindle is copper.
5. A powder spreading device with a grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein one side of the grinding carriage close to the scraper is designed to be a bevel.
6. A powder spreading device with a grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein a touch switch is mounted at the lower end of the screw rod.
7. A powder paving method with a grinding function is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: establishing a three-dimensional model by using three-dimensional modeling software; then, carrying out approximate processing on the model, namely adopting a series of triangular patches to approximate the model; then importing the STL file of the three-dimensional model after the approximate processing into Magics software, adding proper support according to the shape of the part, carrying out layered processing on the model, and storing the file into a CLI format; planning the contour profiling scanning path of each layer and saving the file in an XDY format; finally, the file subjected to data processing is guided into selective laser melting equipment;
s2: judging the places where the parts are likely to warp in advance, and when the parts are placed, keeping the places where warping deformation is likely to occur away from the scraper or enabling the warping direction of the places to be perpendicular to the scraper;
s3: analyzing the gray value of a picture shot by a high-speed camera in the forming process through an algorithm, and judging whether the warping deformation occurs when the current layer is formed;
s4: before the machining is started, the grinding wheel frame is lifted to the highest position allowed by the device, and if no buckling deformation is found in the whole forming process of the thin-wall part, the height of the grinding wheel frame is kept unchanged;
s5: if warping deformation is found, after the current layer is processed, the powder feeding cylinder stops feeding powder, the scraper frame descends by a proper height, the grinding wheel is synchronously started when the scraper frame descends, the powder spreading module moves leftwards, when the powder spreading module exceeds the left limit of the warping portion by 10mm, the scraper frame descends by a proper height, and the powder spreading module starts moving rightwards; when the powder paving module returns to the initial position, the substrate stops descending;
s6: repeating the step of S5 until the lowest position of the grinding wheel is 10 microns lower than the lowest position of the scraper, recovering powder feeding of the powder feeding cylinder, and continuously processing the current layer;
s7: the substrate returns to normal descending, and the scraper frame returns to the initial height;
s8: if the warping deformation occurs again in the molding process, only S5-S7 need to be repeated;
s9: until the thin-wall part is finished.
CN202010520206.2A 2020-06-09 2020-06-09 Powder paving device with grinding function and method Active CN111975460B (en)

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CN111975460B true CN111975460B (en) 2021-11-23

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105695990A (en) * 2016-04-21 2016-06-22 黄山学院 Device for improving performance of steel surface of die and laser cladding powder
CN205888084U (en) * 2016-08-13 2017-01-18 中北大学 Multi -functional selective laser melting SLM base plate levelling device that takes shape
CN108907190A (en) * 2018-07-25 2018-11-30 沈阳精合数控科技开发有限公司 A kind of 3D printing increasing material manufacturing method of bowl-type thin-walled parts
JP2019166625A (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-10-03 マイクロプロセス株式会社 Processing method and hole drilling system
CN110899702A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-03-24 华南理工大学 Metal part assembly line 3D printing method and device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105695990A (en) * 2016-04-21 2016-06-22 黄山学院 Device for improving performance of steel surface of die and laser cladding powder
CN205888084U (en) * 2016-08-13 2017-01-18 中北大学 Multi -functional selective laser melting SLM base plate levelling device that takes shape
JP2019166625A (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-10-03 マイクロプロセス株式会社 Processing method and hole drilling system
CN108907190A (en) * 2018-07-25 2018-11-30 沈阳精合数控科技开发有限公司 A kind of 3D printing increasing material manufacturing method of bowl-type thin-walled parts
CN110899702A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-03-24 华南理工大学 Metal part assembly line 3D printing method and device

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